JPH0642785A - Smoke discharging system through pressurization - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a smoke discharging system through pressurization, which is capable of preventing the diffusion of smoke as well as the flowing of the smoke into an escape passage and securing the safety of the escape passage. CONSTITUTION:When fire occurs in a living room 10, an annexed room 14 in a floor whereat the fire has occurred is pressurized by supplying air through an air supplying port 18. Accordingly, air stream in the annexed room 14 begins to flow toward the living room 10, in which an atmospheric pressure is low, by a pressure difference. In this case, an air stream, which flows from the annexed room 14 into the living room 10, is generated in a building. According to this air stream, smoke, generated upon fire, flows toward the living room 10 while riding on the air stream and is discharged to the outside of the building through an opened pressure releasing port 26. Accordingly, the smoke flows to the opposite direction of the escaping direction of inhabitants whereby the smoke will never bother the escaping of the inhanitants and the smoke will never be diffused.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pressurized smoke exhaust system for preventing the diffusion of smoke generated in a room due to a fire.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional mechanical smoke exhaust facility, natural air is supplied only to a compartment such as an annex, and smoke is exhausted from a smoke exhaust port 50 provided in a living room, a corridor, and an annex. Smoke generated in the building is forcibly exhausted by the smoke exhaust fan 54 (see FIG. 5). It was thought that this would secure an evacuation route for residents and allow people to evacuate safely without getting caught in smoke.

However, in the above mechanical smoke exhaust facility, the smoke exhaust facility provided in the annex causes the smoke generated by the fire in the room to be reversed from the room to the corridor, and from the corridor to the annex, thereby originally Contrary to the above purpose, smoke may block the evacuation route for residents.

Further, since the smoke exhaust duct 52 is arranged in each of the compartments such as the living room, the corridor, and the attached room, it is necessary to secure a duct installation space in the ceiling. Furthermore, the number of smoke exhaust fans has increased, which has led to an increase in the cost of smoke exhaust equipment.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In consideration of the above facts, the present invention is a pressurized smoke exhaust system capable of preventing the diffusion of smoke and the smoke flowing to the evacuation route, and ensuring the safety of the evacuation route. Regarding

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A pressurized smoke exhaust system according to the present invention comprises a pressurized air supply means for supplying pressurized air to an end point area of an evacuation route for evacuation from a building in the event of a fire, and the evacuation route. And an opening for exhausting the air flow pressurized by the air supply means to the outside.

[0007]

In the pressurized smoke evacuation system having the above structure, in the event of a fire, the pressurized air supply means pressurizes the end area of the evacuation route through which the resident evacuates. Therefore, the airflow in the end area starts to flow toward the start area of the evacuation route where the atmospheric pressure is low due to the pressure difference. That is, an airflow flowing from the end point area of the evacuation route to the start point area is generated in the building.

Therefore, the smoke generated at the time of a fire rides on this air flow, flows to the starting point area of the evacuation route, and is exhausted to the outside through the opening. Therefore, the smoke does not diffuse and flows in the direction opposite to the evacuation direction of the occupants, which does not hinder evacuation.

[0009]

1 to 3 are conceptual views of a pressurized smoke exhaust system according to this embodiment.

In a building B to which the pressurized smoke exhaust system is applied, a living room 10, a corridor 12, an annex 14 and a machine room 16 are arranged. An air supply port 18 is provided on the wall surface of each auxiliary room 14. The air supply port 18 is connected to an air supply duct 22 provided with an air supply fan 20. As a result, the introduced outside air sucked from the intake port 24 is supplied into the auxiliary chamber 14 by the air supply fan 20.

On the other hand, a wall penetration type heat pump is provided in each room 10, and in this embodiment, the heat exchange opening of the heat pump is used as the pressure relief port 26. 1 to 3, the solid circle indicates that the pressure relief port 26 is closed, and the solid circle indicates that it is open.

As shown in FIG. 4, in each living room 10, a heat sensor 28 for sensing thermal expansion of air in the room, a gas sensor 30 for sensing toxic gas, and a suction port of a wall-penetrating heat pump. A smoke detector 32 for detecting smoke in the early stages of a fire or a manual type emergency button 34 is provided in the vicinity. The heat sensor 28, the gas sensor 30, the smoke sensor 32, and the emergency button 34 are connected to the control device 36.

The control device 36 includes a drive device (not shown) for opening and closing the pressure relief port 26, an air supply fan 20, an air conditioner 40, and a drive device for an opening / closing valve of the air supply port 18 provided in each auxiliary chamber 14. It is connected.

Next, the operation of the pressurized smoke exhaust system according to this embodiment will be described. As shown in Figure 1, during normal times,
The air condition in the building B is optimally maintained by the air conditioner 40 (see FIG. 4). At this time, the opening / closing valve of the air supply port 18 is closed, and the pressure relief port 26 is also closed.

Here, as shown in FIG. 2, a living room 1 on the second floor
When a fire F occurs in 0, as shown in FIG. 4, any one of the heat sensor 28, the gas sensor 30, or the smoke sensor 32 reacts, or the resident presses the emergency button 3
When 4 is pressed, the signal is input to the control device 36. As a result, the control device 36 stops driving the air conditioning device 40.

Next, the control device 36 determines the source of the signal and drives the air supply fan 20 to drive the air supply fan 20 to open and close the air supply port 18 on the floor where the fire F has occurred, as shown in FIG. Is opened, and the pressure relief port 26 is opened.

As a result, the annex 14 on the floor where the fire F has occurred is pressurized and supplied with air, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 3, from the annex 10 having a high atmospheric pressure to the corridor 12, and from the corridor 12 to the living room 10. Generates an air flow flowing to. Therefore, the living room 10
The smoke inside is pushed into the living room 10 and does not diffuse into the corridor 12 and the annex 14. Further, at this time, the inside of the living room 10 gradually becomes a positive pressure state, and the pushed-in smoke is exhausted to the outside through the opened pressure relief port 26.

Therefore, the smoke flow (displayed by a solid line) is in the opposite direction to the occupant's evacuation flow line (displayed by a broken line), so that smoke does not hinder evacuation. In addition, annex 14 and corridor 12
Since it is not necessary to provide smoke exhaust equipment in each section of the living room 10, the cost can be reduced.

[0019]

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, it is possible to prevent the diffusion of smoke and the smoke flowing to the evacuation route, and to secure the safety of the evacuation route.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a pressurized smoke exhaust system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a pressurized smoke exhaust system according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a pressurized smoke exhaust system according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a method for controlling a pressurized smoke exhaust system according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing a conventional mechanical smoke exhaust facility.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Living Room (Start Point Area) 14 Annex Room (End Point Area) 18 Air Supply Port (Pressurized Air Supply Means) 20 Air Supply Fan (Pressurized Air Supply Means) 22 Air Supply Duct (Pressurized Air Supply Means) 26 Pressure Relief Port (Aperture)

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Katsuyuki Yoshida 8-21-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Stock company Takenaka Corporation Tokyo Main Store (72) Inventor Shigeo Uehara 2-5, Minamisuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo No. 14 Stock Company Takenaka Corporation Technical Research Institute

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pressurized air supply unit for supplying air under pressure to an end point area of an evacuation route evacuation from a building in the event of a fire, and a start point area of the evacuation route, which is pressurized by the air supply unit. And an opening for exhausting the airflow to the outside.