JPH09108372A - Pressurized smoke exhaust system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable to interrupt smoke in an exit door part and an additional room door part staggering operation times with respective suitable air quantity, by composing the pressurized smoke exhaust system to supply pressurized air to an evacuation path utilizing a smoke exhaust duct during the initial stage of a fire and to switch to the smoke exhaust duct when a smoke sensor and a heat sensor are activated. SOLUTION: This pressurized smoke exhaust system is a mechanical system equipped with a smoke exhaust device in an evacuation path 4 comprising smoke exhaust ducts 12 and 13, and exhaust fans 14 and 15, and a pressurized air supply fan 20 is connected to the smoke exhaust ducts 12 and 13 through a connection duct 19. A smoke sensor 27 and a heat sensor 28 are mounted on the evacuation path 4. While smoke and heat are remained in a living room in the initial stage of a fire, pressurized air is supplied to the evacuation path 4 utilizing the smoke exhaust ducts 12 and 13 in the evacuation path 4 for pressurized air supply. Those are composed to enable switch pressurized air to the smoke exhaust ducts 12 and 13 when the smoke sensor 27 and the heat sensor 28 are activated, thereby, an exit door 7 part can be closed to interrupt smoke in the initial stage of a fire, and the evacuation path 4 and an additional room door 5 part can be closed to interrupt smoke if the fire progresses.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an auxiliary room or an elevator hall incidental to a special evacuation staircase, which supplies external air under pressure from a pressurized air supply fan at the time of a fire, and also to the auxiliary room or the elevator hall and the auxiliary room. The present invention relates to an evacuation corridor as a primary safety compartment separated by doors and a pressurized smoke evacuation system including a smoke evacuation device in a room having an entrance door between the evacuation corridor and the evacuation corridor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An entrance or exit between an annex or an elevator hall incidental to a special evacuation staircase and an evacuation corridor as a primary safety compartment separating the annex or elevator hall and an annex door In a pressurized smoke exhaust system in a building that has a room with a door, a pressurized air supply fan is activated in the event of a fire, and the pressurized air supply fan draws in outside air, and the pressurized air supply fan supplies an air supply duct and air supply. Pressurized air is supplied to the annex or elevator hall through the mouth, and smoke is exhausted from the annex or elevator hall to secure an evacuation route.

In adopting such a pressurized smoke exhaust system, the amount of pressurized air supply to the annex or the elevator hall is set not only to prevent smoke from the door of the annex but also as a primary safety zone from the living room. It is determined by the size and number of entrance doors to the evacuation corridor, and depending on the system, the air volume is secured by keeping the attached room doors normally open. However, between the smoke volume at the entrance door between the evacuation corridor as the primary safety section and the living room that has the entrance to the evacuation corridor, and the smoke volume at the annex door of the annex or elevator hall. Is not related by nature, and it is impossible to block the smoke from the doors of the living room through the evacuation corridor by pressurized air supply to the annex or the elevator hall.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to temporally control the smoke shielding of the entrance / exit door portion between the evacuation corridor and the living room and the smoke shielding of the auxiliary door portion between the evacuation corridor and the annex or the elevator hall. The purpose is to provide a pressurized smoke exhaust system that can be shifted and has an air volume suitable for each. Another object of the present invention is to provide a pressurized smoke exhaust system capable of eliminating an opening / closing obstacle of an entrance door between an evacuation corridor and a living room and an opening / closing door between an evacuation corridor and an annex or an elevator hall during evacuation. To get.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the pressurized smoke exhaust system of the present invention provides a duct for supplying air from a pressurized air supply fan to an attached room or an elevator hall attached to an evacuation staircase during a fire. In addition to the pressurized air supply via the air-conditioning system, a smoke exhausting device is installed in the annex room or elevator hall and the evacuation corridor as a primary safety section separating the annex room door, and the living room having an entrance door between the evacuation corridor and the evacuation corridor, respectively. In the pressurized smoke exhaust system, the smoke exhaust device in the evacuation corridor is a mechanical smoke exhaust device having a smoke exhaust duct and an exhaust fan, and a pressurized air supply fan is connected to the smoke exhaust duct via a connection duct. A smoke detector and a heat detector are installed in the evacuation corridor, and the smoke exhaust duct in the evacuation corridor is used for pressurized air supply while smoke and heat are stopped in the living room at the beginning of the fire. Then, pressurize air to the evacuation corridor, and smoke When the intelligence device and the heat detector are activated, it is possible to switch to the smoke exhaust duct.Therefore, in the early stage of the fire, the smoke exhaust duct was used to open the entrance door opening from the living room to the escape corridor in the evacuation corridor. By supplying compressed air with the appropriate amount of air, the entrance door between the evacuation corridor and the living room is covered with smoke, and when the fire progresses and smoke and heat enter the evacuation corridor, switch to a smoke exhaust duct. By exhausting a volume of air that is balanced with the amount of pressurized air supplied to the annex or the elevator hall, it is possible to shield the door of the annex between the evacuation corridor and the annex or the elevator hall.

In the pressurized smoke exhaust system of the present invention, dampers are provided in the smoke exhaust duct and the connection duct, respectively.
It is characterized by being able to switch between opening and closing in response to pressurized air supply and smoke exhaust, by switching the damper corresponding to pressurized air supply and smoke exhaust in the evacuation corridor,
It is possible to prevent leakage of the pressurized air supply and exhaust air and to secure a necessary air volume.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a state of the pressurized smoke exhaust system according to the present invention in an early stage of a fire, and FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a state in the latter stage of the fire. In the figure, 1 is an evacuation staircase where an evacuation stair is installed, 2 is an ancillary room or an elevator hall attached to the evacuation staircase 1 via a door 3, and 4 is an annex room or an elevator hall 2 and an annex room door 5 are separated from each other. An evacuation corridor as a primary safety section, and 6 is a living room having an entrance door 7 between it and the evacuation corridor 4.

The auxiliary room or the elevator hall 2 is driven through an inverter 8 and pressurized from a pressurized air supply fan 9 which sucks in external air and supplies air under pressure through an air supply duct 10 and an air supply port 11. Can be supplied with air. Further, in the evacuation corridor 4 and the living room 6, mechanical smoke exhaust devices having smoke exhaust ducts 12 and 13 and exhaust fans 14 and 15 are independently installed. The smoke exhaust device on the side of the living room 6 can be replaced with a natural smoke exhaust device including the louver 16, the chamber 17, and the damper 18.

Further, in the smoke exhaust duct 12 of the evacuation corridor 4,
The pressurized air supply fan 20 is connected via the connection duct 19, and the pressurized air supply fan 20 passes through the connection duct 19 and the smoke exhaust duct 12 to supply air to the evacuation corridor 4 from the exhaust port 21 of the smoke exhaust duct 12. It is configured to be able to. The smoke exhaust duct 12 and the connection duct 19 are provided with dampers 22 and 23 such as magnet dampers, respectively.
4 and the pressurized air supply fan 20 are switched between open and closed depending on the stop of the operation. The exhaust fans 14, 1
5 and the pressurized air supply fan 20 have an inverter 24,
It is designed to be driven via 25 and 26.

On the other hand, a smoke sensor 27 and a heat sensor 28 are installed in the evacuation corridor 4, and when smoke and heat enter the evacuation corridor 4, they are detected and a control panel not shown is shown. The control panel drives the pressurized air supply fan 20 in the early stage of the fire and the damper 23.
Open, the damper 22 is closed and pressurized air is supplied to the evacuation corridor 4, and the smoke detector 27 and the heat detector 28 detect that smoke and heat have entered the evacuation corridor 4 and activated. At this time, the pressurized air supply fan 20 is stopped and the damper 23 is closed,
The damper 22 is opened, and the exhaust fan 14 is driven to switch between smoke emission and exhaust of the evacuation corridor 4.

However, according to the above-mentioned pressurized smoke exhaust system, when a fire occurs, the pressurized air supply fan 9 is first operated to suck in the outside air and through the air supply duct 10 and the air supply port 11 to the annex or elevator. At the same time that the pressurized air is supplied to the hole 2, the pressurized air supply fan 20 is operated, the damper 23 is opened, and the damper 22 is closed.
0 through the connection duct 19 and the smoke exhaust duct 12 from the exhaust port 21 of the smoke exhaust duct 12 into the escape corridor 4 under pressure,
It acts to shield the door 7 between the evacuation corridor 4 and the living room 6 and to shield the door 5 between the evacuation corridor 4 and the annex or the elevator hall 2.

At this time, the air volumes of the pressurized air supply fan 9 and the pressurized air supply fan 20 are controlled by the inverters 8 and 26 so that the differential pressure between the evacuation corridor 4 and the living room 6 has a smoke shielding capability. An optimal air flow is controlled by using a differential pressure gauge, a door opening / closing sensor, etc. so that the door 7 does not cause an opening / closing obstacle. During this period, from the inside of the living room 6, a mechanical smoke exhaust device including the smoke exhaust duct 13 and the exhaust fan 15, or the louver 1
The required amount of air is exhausted by the natural smoke exhaust device including the chamber 17, the chamber 17, and the damper 18.

When a fire progresses and smoke and heat enter the evacuation corridor 4, the smoke sensor 27 and the heat sensor 28 detect it and send it to the control panel. Smoke detector 2
7 receives the signals from the heat detector 28 and the heat sensor 28, the control panel stops the pressurized air supply fan 20, closes the damper 23, opens the damper 22, and drives the exhaust fan 14 to drive the evacuation corridor 4. Switch to smoke emission or exhaust operation. As a result, the exhaust fan 14 performs the exhaust air in balance with the pressurized air supply amount to the auxiliary room or the elevator hall 2 through the smoke exhaust duct 12, and the evacuation staircase 1 by the pressurized smoke exhaust of the auxiliary room or the elevator hall 2. It functions to prevent the entry of smoke or heat into the evacuation staircase 1 and to ensure the safety.

By switching the dampers 22 and 23 in response to the pressurized air supply and the smoke exhaust of the evacuation corridor 4, it is possible to prevent the pressurized air supply and the exhaust gas from leaking and to secure a necessary air volume. You can The air volume of the exhaust fan 14 is
Use the differential pressure gauges at the front and rear of the door to control the optimum air volume so that the differential pressure across the door 5 of the attached room has a smoke-shielding ability and that the door 5 of the attached room does not cause an opening / closing obstacle during evacuation. To be done. Therefore, the smoke shielding of the entrance door 7 part and the smoke shielding of the annex room door part 5 can be performed with an optimal air volume by shifting in time, so that almost perfect smoke shielding can be achieved. At the same time, it is possible to prevent these doors from opening and closing obstacles during evacuation.

[0015]

As described above, according to the pressurized smoke exhaust system of the present invention, in the early stage of a fire when smoke and heat from the fire are stopped in the living room, the smoke exhaust duct is used to enter the evacuation corridor. Pressurized air supply was performed, and the fire progressed to smoke in the evacuation corridor.
When heat invades, it is possible to switch to the smoke exhaust duct and perform exhaust in balance with the pressurized air supply amount to the annex or the elevator hall. For this reason, it is possible to almost completely shield smoke from the entrance door between the evacuation corridor and the living room and smoke from the door part between the evacuation corridor and the ancillary room or the ancillary room between the elevator halls with the appropriate air volume for each, and to evacuate. It is possible to eliminate the opening and closing obstacles of the entrance door and the attached room door at the time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a state of a pressurized smoke exhaust system according to the present invention in an early stage of a fire.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a state of the pressurized smoke exhaust system according to the present invention in the latter half of a fire.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Evacuation staircase 2 Annex or elevator hall 4 Evacuation corridor 5 Annex door 6 Living room 7 Entrance / exit door 9 Pressurized air supply fan 10 Air supply duct 12, 13 Smoke exhaust duct 14, 15 Exhaust fan 19 Connection duct 20 Pressurized supply Air fan 22,23 Damper 27 Smoke detector 28 Heat detector

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An auxiliary room or an elevator hall attached to an evacuation staircase is pressurized and supplied from a pressurized air supply fan via an air supply duct in the event of a fire, and separates the auxiliary room or elevator hall from the annex door. In a pressurized smoke exhaust system having an exhaust corridor as a primary safety section and a smoke exhaust device in a room having an entrance door between the exhaust corridor and the exhaust corridor, the smoke exhaust device in the escape corridor is connected to a smoke exhaust duct. And a mechanical smoke exhaust device having an exhaust fan, a pressurized air supply fan is connected to the smoke exhaust duct via a connection duct, and a smoke sensor and a heat sensor are installed in the evacuation corridor to prevent the initial fire. While the smoke and heat are stopped in the living room, the smoke exhaust duct in the evacuation corridor is used for pressurized air supply to supply air under pressure to the evacuation corridor, and the smoke sensor and the heat sensor are activated. At that time, it was possible to switch to the smoke exhaust duct Pressurized exhaust smoke system to butterflies. 2. The pressurized exhaust according to claim 1, wherein dampers are provided in the smoke exhaust duct and the connection duct, respectively, so that opening and closing can be switched in response to pressurized air supply and smoke exhaust. Smoke system.