JPH0635587B2 - Coal gasifier - Google Patents
Coal gasifierInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0635587B2 JPH0635587B2 JP60058545A JP5854585A JPH0635587B2 JP H0635587 B2 JPH0635587 B2 JP H0635587B2 JP 60058545 A JP60058545 A JP 60058545A JP 5854585 A JP5854585 A JP 5854585A JP H0635587 B2 JPH0635587 B2 JP H0635587B2
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- coal
- gasification furnace
- ash hopper
- furnace
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は石炭のガス化装置に関し、詳しくは石炭ガス化
炉と灰ホツパの接合部を改良した石炭ガス化装置に関す
る。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a coal gasifier, and more particularly to a coal gasifier with an improved joint between a coal gasifier and an ash hopper.
（従来の技術） 従来の石炭ガス化装置の一例を第４図に示す。(Prior Art) An example of a conventional coal gasifier is shown in FIG.
水冷壁３は断熱保温材４を介して圧力容器１に支持され
る構造であり、振動、熱伸びの繰返しなどによる部分的
な断熱材の欠損が生じた場合、高圧により水冷壁３が変
形し易く、場合によつては損傷、高温ガスの圧力容器１
側への漏洩が生ずる恐れがある。The water cooling wall 3 has a structure that is supported by the pressure vessel 1 through the heat insulating and heat insulating material 4, and when a partial loss of the heat insulating material occurs due to repeated vibration and thermal expansion, the water cooling wall 3 is deformed by high pressure. Easy and possibly damaged, hot gas pressure vessel 1
There is a risk of leakage to the side.
またガス化炉２部分と灰ホツパ５部分は直接接続されて
おり、この部分の内圧も外部の断熱保温材４が受け持つ
こととなるので断熱保温材４の負担が大きく、わずかな
凹凸により断熱材がくずれ易く、高圧に耐えねばならな
い構造物としてははなはだ不安定なものである。Further, since the gasification furnace 2 part and the ash hopper 5 part are directly connected, and the internal pressure of this part is also taken over by the external heat insulating and heat insulating material 4, the load of the heat insulating and heat insulating material 4 is large and the heat insulating material due to slight unevenness It is extremely unstable as a structure that easily collapses and must withstand high pressure.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点） 本発明は振動・熱伸びに対して信頼性の高い加圧形石炭
ガス化装置、特にガス化炉と灰ホツパの結合を完全にし
た石炭ガス化装置を提供しようとするものである。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention provides a pressurized coal gasifier having high reliability against vibration and thermal expansion, and in particular, a coal gasifier in which a gasifier and an ash hopper are completely connected. It is the one we are trying to provide.
（問題点を解決するための手段） 本発明は、圧力容器内に収納された、水冷壁構造からな
るガス化炉と下方の灰ホツパ部分をウオータシール機構
を介して接続し、外部の圧力容器とガス化炉本体との熱
伸び差をウオーターシール部で吸収するようにした点を
新規とするものである。(Means for Solving Problems) The present invention relates to an external pressure vessel in which a gasification furnace having a water-cooled wall structure and a lower ash-hopper portion accommodated in the pressure vessel are connected via a water seal mechanism. The new feature is that the difference in thermal expansion between the gasification furnace main body and the gasification furnace main body is absorbed by the water seal part.
すなわち本発明は、石炭ガス化炉を圧力容器に配置した
石炭ガス化装置において、石炭ガス化炉の下部に灰ホツ
パを配置し、石炭ガス化炉と灰ホツパをウオータシール
機構を介して接続したことを特徴とする石炭ガス化装置
である。That is, the present invention, in the coal gasification apparatus in which the coal gasification furnace is arranged in the pressure vessel, the ash hopper is arranged in the lower part of the coal gasification furnace, and the coal gasification furnace and the ash hopper were connected via a water seal mechanism. It is a coal gasifier characterized by that.
本発明は、加圧噴流床形ガス化炉、MHD発電用燃焼器、
加圧形スラグタツプ燃焼ボイラに有利に適用することが
できる。The present invention is a pressurized jet bed gasifier, a combustor for MHD power generation,
It can be advantageously applied to a pressurized slag tap combustion boiler.
以下、本発明の石炭ガス化装置の実施例をあげる。Examples of the coal gasifier of the present invention will be given below.
実施例1. 第１図はガス化炉下部と灰ホツパの接合部分を示す。Example 1. FIG. 1 shows the joint between the lower part of the gasifier and the ash hopper.
耐圧容器１の内部に水冷壁３で囲まれたガス化炉本体２
が挿入されている。ガス化炉２内にて溶融された石炭灰
１５はスラグホール６より下方の灰ホツパ５に流下す
る。灰ホツパ内には水が供給され高温スラグを水砕の
上、間欠的に外部へ水砕スラグ１６として排出する。Gasification furnace main body 2 surrounded by water cooling wall 3 inside pressure vessel 1.
Has been inserted. The coal ash 15 melted in the gasification furnace 2 flows down to the ash hopper 5 below the slag hole 6. Water is supplied into the ash hopper to granulate the high temperature slag, and then intermittently discharge it as granulated slag 16 to the outside.
水冷壁３は互にフインを介して溶接されており、ガス化
炉本体２部分と耐圧容器１は水冷壁３にて完全にしや断
されている。水冷壁３の炉内側には比較的薄い耐火材４
が内張りされており、水管の保護をはかるとともに水側
への伝熱を極小に抑制しガス化反応を効果的に行わしめ
ることとしている。各々の水冷壁３には下部管寄から缶
水が供給される。The water cooling wall 3 is welded to each other through fins, and the gasification furnace main body 2 portion and the pressure vessel 1 are completely cut off by the water cooling wall 3. Relatively thin refractory material 4 inside the water cooling wall 3
Is lined, and it is supposed that the water pipe is protected and the heat transfer to the water side is suppressed to a minimum to effectively carry out the gasification reaction. Can water is supplied to each water cooling wall 3 from the lower pipe side.
水冷壁３の下部にリング７が取付けられており、灰ホツ
パ５側の二重の仕切りリング８，９の中間に図示のよう
にはめこまれる。灰ホツパ５の外側には更に外壁リング
１０が設けられている。シール水は弁１１により調整さ
れ、給水ライン１２を経て、仕切りリング８および９で
囲まれた部分に送られる。A ring 7 is attached to the lower portion of the water cooling wall 3 and is fitted in the middle of the double partition rings 8 and 9 on the ash hopper 5 side as shown in the figure. An outer wall ring 10 is further provided outside the ash hopper 5. The sealing water is adjusted by the valve 11 and sent to the part surrounded by the partition rings 8 and 9 through the water supply line 12.
このシール水はオーバフロー１３して灰ホツパ５への給
水をも兼ねることができる。This sealing water overflows 13 and can also serve as water supply to the ash hopper 5.
外壁リング１０部分へオーバフローした水についてもオ
ーバフロー管１４により灰ホツパ内に回収される。Water that overflows to the outer wall ring 10 is also collected in the ash hopper by the overflow pipe 14.
ガス化炉２本体部の圧力１８と空間部１９の差圧は差圧
コントローラ２０により調整され、弁２１により精製ガ
ス２２あるいはN2ガス、蒸気などが注入される。The differential pressure between the pressure 18 of the main body of the gasification furnace 2 and the space 19 is adjusted by a differential pressure controller 20, and a purified gas 22 or N 2 gas, steam or the like is injected by a valve 21.
通常運転時には空間部１９の圧力が炉内部１８の圧力よ
りやゝ高目にセツトされ高温ガスの逆流を防止する。During normal operation, the pressure in the space 19 is set slightly higher than the pressure in the furnace interior 18 to prevent the hot gas from flowing back.
リング７は灰ホツパ５側の仕切りリング８と９の中間に
はめこまれるが、通常運転中の炉本体の熱伸びと耐圧圧
力容器の熱伸び差を充分吸収するように余裕をもつてセ
ツトされる。The ring 7 is fitted in the middle of the partition rings 8 and 9 on the side of the ash hopper 5, but is set with a margin so as to sufficiently absorb the thermal expansion difference between the furnace main body and the pressure resistant pressure vessel during normal operation. It
なお図中、２３は灰ホツパ５から外部へのオーバフロー
管である。In the figure, 23 is an overflow pipe from the ash hopper 5 to the outside.
このような構成にすることによつて、下記のような効果
を奏しうる。With such a configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) ガス化炉内部の高温ガスを完全にしや断し、耐圧
容器を保護することが可能となる。(1) It becomes possible to protect the pressure vessel by completely shutting off the high temperature gas inside the gasification furnace.
(2) シール水は灰ホツパ内にオーバフローさせ、溶融
スラグの冷却水を兼ねることができる。(2) Seal water can overflow into the ash hopper to serve as cooling water for the molten slag.
(3) 耐圧容器とガス化炉の熱伸び差を吸収することが
できる。(3) It is possible to absorb the difference in thermal expansion between the pressure vessel and the gasification furnace.
(4) 水冷壁は炉内側と空間部の間の若干の差圧に耐え
る強度のみ有すれば充分であり、特別な強化策が不要と
なる。(4) It is sufficient for the water cooling wall to have a strength that can withstand a slight pressure difference between the inside of the furnace and the space, and no special strengthening measures are required.
炉内圧は耐圧容器にて負荷することとなり、水冷壁の充
分な保護をはかることが可能となる。The pressure inside the furnace will be loaded in the pressure resistant container, and it will be possible to protect the water cooling wall sufficiently.
(5) ひいては、ガス化炉全体の信頼性強化に寄与する
こととなる。(5) As a result, it will contribute to strengthening the reliability of the entire gasification furnace.
実施例2. 第２図はガス化炉下部と灰ホツパの結合部の他の態様を
示す。第２図において第１図と同一符号は第１図と同一
部分を示し、ガス化炉下部と灰ホツパの結合態様は第１
図と同じである。この態様は灰ホツパ５内にはアジテー
シヨンノズル２４およびスローブジエツトノズル２５が
設置され間欠的に図の矢印の方向に水を高速で注入しス
ラグの撹はんを行わせ、スラグの排出性を良好にする構
成が付加されている。アジテーシヨンノズル２４への注
入はアジテーシヨン水ライン２６により供給される。ま
たスロープジエツトノズル２５への注水はスロープジエ
ツト水ライン２７を通して供給される。Embodiment 2. FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the joint between the lower part of the gasification furnace and the ash hopper. In Fig. 2, the same reference numerals as those in Fig. 1 indicate the same parts as in Fig. 1, and the coupling mode between the lower part of the gasifier and the ash hopper is the first.
It is the same as the figure. In this mode, an agitation nozzle 24 and a sloppy jet nozzle 25 are installed in the ash hopper 5, and water is intermittently injected at high speed in the direction of the arrow in the figure to stir the slag, and the slag is discharged. A structure for improving the property is added. Injection to the agitation nozzle 24 is provided by an agitation water line 26. Water is also supplied to the slope jet nozzle 25 through the slope jet water line 27.
灰ホツパ５内への主冷却水は温度調節器２８により管理
され間欠的に弁２９により注水される。The main cooling water into the ash hopper 5 is managed by the temperature controller 28 and is intermittently injected by the valve 29.
このような構成にすることによつて、第１図のものゝ効
果に加えて下記の効果を奏することができる。With such a configuration, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects of FIG.
(1) アジテーシヨンノズルおよびスローブジエツトノ
ズルからの高速注水により、灰ホツパ内のスラグに強制
的に撹はん力を伝え下方へのスラグの排出性能を向上さ
せることができる。(1) By high-speed water injection from the agitation nozzle and the slobe jet nozzle, the stirring force is forcibly transmitted to the slag in the ash hopper and the discharging performance of the slag downward can be improved.
(2) ウオータシール用のシール水のオーバフロー、ア
ジテーシヨン水、スロープジエツト水および主冷却水は
すべて灰ホツパ内に供給されるので冷却水系統が簡単で
制御が容易である。(2) Since the overflow of sealing water for water seal, agitation water, slope jet water and main cooling water are all supplied into the ash hopper, the cooling water system is simple and easy to control.
なお、これまでの説明においては、ガス化炉本体につい
ての具体的な説明はしなかったが、ガス化炉本体の構成
はどのようなものでも本発明は有利に適用しうる。特に
好ましい態様の概略図を第３図に示す。In the above description, the gasification furnace main body was not specifically described, but the present invention can be advantageously applied to any structure of the gasification furnace main body. A schematic diagram of a particularly preferred embodiment is shown in FIG.
第３図において、ガス化炉は通常約４０kg／cm2Ｇで操
作されるもので、コンバスタ１、デイフユーザ２および
レダクタ３の三つの部分からなり、水冷壁４にて周囲を
囲まれ、炉内側に比較的薄い（約５０mm以下）耐熱・耐
火材５が内張りされている。In FIG. 3, the gasification furnace is usually operated at about 40 kg / cm 2 G, and is composed of three parts, a combustor 1, a diff user 2, and a reductor 3, surrounded by a water cooling wall 4, and inside the furnace. A relatively thin (about 50 mm or less) heat-resistant / refractory material 5 is lined inside.
コンバスタ１には石炭１０の一部、循環チヤー１６およ
び空気またはO2１１が投入され、高温状態（１４００〜
１８００℃）に維持され、灰の溶融排出が行われるとと
もに、上部でのガス化に必要な熱を供給する。ガス化剤
（空気またはO2）は図示省略のコンプレツサにより昇圧
され、炉内に供給される。The combustor 1 is charged with a part of the coal 10, the circulation chain 16 and air or O 2 11 and is heated to a high temperature (1400-400).
(1800 ° C.), the ash is melted and discharged, and the heat necessary for gasification in the upper part is supplied. The gasifying agent (air or O 2 ) is pressurized by a compressor (not shown) and supplied into the furnace.
デイフユーザ２には残りの石炭１２が投入され乾留され
るとともに、ガスとの均一な混合、流れの平均化が行わ
れる。コンバスタ１、デイフユーザ２への石炭の投入
は、微粉砕した石炭を図示省略のロツクホツパシステム
により加圧され、炉内に搬送される。The remaining coal 12 is charged into the diff user 2 and carbonized, and the gas 12 is uniformly mixed with the gas and the flow is averaged. In the charging of coal to the combustor 1 and the diff user 2, finely pulverized coal is pressurized by a rock-hopper system (not shown) and conveyed into the furnace.
レダクタ３においては炭素粒のガス化およびガスの冷却
が行われ発生したチヤーは図示省略の捕集器によつて捕
集され前記コンバスタ１に循環チヤーとして再投入され
る。In the reductor 3, the carbon particles are gasified and the gas is cooled, and the generated char is collected by a collector (not shown) and is re-introduced into the combustor 1 as a circulation chain.
コンバスタ１下部には灰ホツパ９が設けられ流下した溶
融スラグはここで水冷され、水冷スラグ１５として外部
に排出される。An ash hopper 9 is provided below the combustor 1, and the molten slag that has flowed down is water-cooled here and is discharged to the outside as a water-cooled slag 15.
水冷壁４には入口管寄８から冷却水が供給され水冷壁４
を水冷するようにしている。The cooling water is supplied from the inlet pipe side 8 to the water cooling wall 4.
Is water cooled.
レダクタ３出口には熱交換器７が設置されガスを所定温
度（約４００℃）まで冷却するとともに、有効な熱回収
を行う。A heat exchanger 7 is installed at the outlet of the reductor 3 to cool the gas to a predetermined temperature (about 400 ° C.) and to effectively recover heat.
ガス化炉全体は圧力容器６内に収容され、炉内と圧力容
器との間の空間部に差圧検出器１３によつて制御される
弁の作用によつて不活性ガス１４が注入され、差圧が制
御されるようになつている。The entire gasification furnace is housed in the pressure vessel 6, and the inert gas 14 is injected into the space between the furnace and the pressure vessel by the action of the valve controlled by the differential pressure detector 13. The differential pressure is controlled.
このような構成を採るガス化炉を採用すると (1) 燃料のガス化反応時における吸熱特性を主として
利用して、炉出口ガス温度を適正値（灰の軟化点以下）
に制御することができるので高いガス化効率が得られ
る。When a gasification furnace adopting such a configuration is adopted, (1) The furnace outlet gas temperature is set to an appropriate value (below the ash softening point) by mainly utilizing the endothermic characteristics during the fuel gasification reaction.
Since it can be controlled to, high gasification efficiency can be obtained.
即ち、水クエンチあるいはラデアントクーラ方式による
熱の損失がなくなるという利点を有する。That is, there is an advantage that heat loss due to the water quench or the radiant cooler system is eliminated.
(2) 上記(1)の効果と、水冷壁で裏打ちされた薄い耐火
・断熱材の効果（耐火・断熱材の炉内面温度が高温とな
つても耐火・断熱材は比較的薄いので裏側の水冷壁に放
熱し易く炉内温度を耐火・断熱材を損傷させることなく
高くすることができる）によりコンバスタ内温度を十分
高く（１４００〜１８００℃）できる。従つて灰の溶融
温度の高い石炭の使用も可能となり、炭種適合性に優れ
ている。(2) The effect of (1) above and the effect of a thin fireproof / insulating material lined with a water-cooling wall (fireproof / insulating material is relatively thin even if the furnace inner surface temperature is high, so The temperature inside the combustor can be made sufficiently high (1400 to 1800 ° C.) by easily radiating heat to the water cooling wall and raising the temperature inside the furnace without damaging the refractory / heat insulating material. Therefore, it becomes possible to use coal with a high melting temperature of ash, and the coal type compatibility is excellent.
(3) デイフユーザを設けることにより、高温ガスと燃
料の均一混合、ガス流れの安定化をはかることができ、
高いガス化効率を得ることができる。(3) By installing a diff user, it is possible to achieve uniform mixing of high-temperature gas and fuel and stabilization of the gas flow.
High gasification efficiency can be obtained.
(4) 厚い寸法の断熱材、断熱材の排除により、起動特
性の改善がはかられる。(4) Eliminating the thick heat insulating material and heat insulating material improves the starting characteristics.
(5) ガス化炉と圧力容器との間に加圧不活性ガスを注
入することにより、水冷壁を、ガス化炉の内圧による変
形から守り、高い信頼性を維持することができる。(5) By injecting a pressurized inert gas between the gasification furnace and the pressure vessel, the water cooling wall can be protected from deformation due to the internal pressure of the gasification furnace, and high reliability can be maintained.
第１図及び第２図は本発明の石炭ガス化装置の別々の実
施態様の構造を示す図、第３図は本発明の石炭ガス化装
置に有利に適用しうる石炭ガス化炉本体の構造を示す
図、第４図は従来の石炭ガス化装置の石炭ガス化炉と灰
ホツパの結合部を示す図である。1 and 2 are views showing the structure of different embodiments of the coal gasifier of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is the structure of the main body of a coal gasifier which can be advantageously applied to the coal gasifier of the present invention. FIG. 4, and FIG. 4 are views showing a joint portion between a coal gasifier and an ash hopper of a conventional coal gasifier.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭56−47489（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭58−83091（ＪＰ，Ａ) 米国特許3018174（ＵＳ，Ａ) 米国特許4103902（ＵＳ，Ａ) 米国特許1957583（ＵＳ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-56-47489 (JP, A) JP-A-58-83091 (JP, A) US Patent 3018174 (US, A) US Patent 4103902 (US, A) US Patent 1957583 (US, A)
Claims (1)
ガス化装置において、石炭ガス化炉の下部に灰ホツパを
配置し、石炭ガス化炉と灰ホツパをウオータシール機構
を介して接続したことを特徴とする石炭ガス化装置。1. A coal gasifier in which a coal gasification furnace is arranged in a pressure vessel, an ash hopper is arranged below the coal gasification furnace, and the coal gasification furnace and the ash hopper are connected via a water seal mechanism. A coal gasifier characterized in that
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60058545A JPH0635587B2 (en) | 1985-03-25 | 1985-03-25 | Coal gasifier |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60058545A JPH0635587B2 (en) | 1985-03-25 | 1985-03-25 | Coal gasifier |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61218689A JPS61218689A (en) | 1986-09-29 |
| JPH0635587B2 true JPH0635587B2 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
Family
ID=13087417
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60058545A Expired - Lifetime JPH0635587B2 (en) | 1985-03-25 | 1985-03-25 | Coal gasifier |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0635587B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0653878B2 (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1994-07-20 | バブコツク日立株式会社 | Coal gasifier slag recovery equipment |
| JPH0623549Y2 (en) * | 1988-04-30 | 1994-06-22 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | Coal gasifier slag discharge device |
| JP5367280B2 (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2013-12-11 | 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 | Foam material manufacturing system and manufacturing method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1957583A (en) | 1931-08-07 | 1934-05-08 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Combustion apparatus |
| US3018174A (en) | 1958-07-21 | 1962-01-23 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | High pressure pulverized coal gasifier |
| US4103902A (en) | 1977-08-16 | 1978-08-01 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Water seal for regenerator |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5844717B2 (en) * | 1979-09-28 | 1983-10-05 | ブレンシユトフインステイトウ−ト フライベルク | Reactor for gas production by partial oxidation |
| GB2108644B (en) * | 1981-10-27 | 1985-01-09 | British Gas Corp | Coal gasification plant |
-
1985
- 1985-03-25 JP JP60058545A patent/JPH0635587B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1957583A (en) | 1931-08-07 | 1934-05-08 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Combustion apparatus |
| US3018174A (en) | 1958-07-21 | 1962-01-23 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | High pressure pulverized coal gasifier |
| US4103902A (en) | 1977-08-16 | 1978-08-01 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Water seal for regenerator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61218689A (en) | 1986-09-29 |
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