JP3790495B2 - High temperature reactor burner - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a burner for a high-temperature reactor having a burner pipe supported by a high-temperature reactor represented by a coal gasification furnace and a cooling water cooling wall provided therein.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, in a high temperature reactor represented by a coal gasification furnace, the heat load in the furnace is very high, and a structure in which a water cooling wall or a refractory structure is provided inside the reactor is adopted.
As an example of the high-temperature reactor, FIG. 3 shows an overall schematic configuration diagram of a coal gasification furnace. Such a coal gasification furnace gasifies pulverized coal by gasification. The coal gasification furnace is surrounded by a high-temperature reaction vessel 20 made entirely of iron skin, and has a water cooling wall 21 formed of a water pipe inside thereof. It has a heavy structure.
[0003]
In the coal gasification furnace 30, pulverized coal and char are completely melted by the combustor 24 located below the coal gasification furnace 30 to generate high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas is ejected from the reductor burner 15 by the reductor 23 at the top of the gasification furnace. It is gasified by heating and pyrolysis while mixing with pulverized coal. The combustor 24 is provided with a plurality of burners such as a char burner 16 and a combustor burner 17 in the horizontal direction. Char is supplied from the char burner 16 and oxygen is added from the combustor burner 17. The gasifying agent is supplied, and high-temperature, high-load combustion is performed in the combustor 24.
[0004]
As described above, in the coal gasification furnace 30, high temperature and high load combustion is performed in order to increase the coal gasification efficiency, and the furnace temperature in the reductor 23 and the combustor 24 is always a high temperature atmosphere of about 1500 to 2000 ° C. Must be maintained. Furthermore, in order to protect the furnace wall from such a high temperature atmosphere, as described above, a water cooling wall composed of a plurality of water tube groups is provided to improve the durability of the furnace.
[0005]
However, during the operation of the coal gasification furnace 30, a temperature difference is generated between the water cooling wall 21 and the high temperature reaction vessel 20, and accordingly, a thermal expansion difference is generated. And there exists a possibility that a stress may be applied to the burner due to the difference in thermal elongation, and the burner and the burner mounting portion may be damaged.
That is, since the burner disposed through the high temperature reactor and the water cooling wall is supported by these two points, the difference in thermal expansion due to the temperature difference, particularly the reactor and the water cooling wall. Is formed of a different material, it has a problem that the difference in thermal elongation cannot be absorbed and a crack occurs.
[0006]
Therefore, conventionally, such a problem has been avoided by forming a burner tube as shown in FIGS. In FIG. 4, a portion located in the space 22 between the water cooling wall 21 and the high temperature reaction vessel 20 of the burner pipe 10 for supplying the fuel and the gasifying agent 14 toward the furnace 24 is formed by a thin bellows pipe 27. In addition, the bellows tube 27 is configured to relieve stress due to a difference in thermal elongation.
In FIG. 5, the burner tube insertion port 15 on the high temperature reaction vessel 20 side is extended to increase the length between the support points so that the stress due to the difference in thermal expansion can be absorbed sufficiently.
[0007]
Furthermore, in JP-A-9-95686, a burner is directly attached to the water pipe wall, and the water pipe wall where the difference in thermal expansion occurs and the pressure vessel are connected by a raw material supply pipe having a small diameter, an oxidizer pipe, and a cooling water pipe. It absorbs stress due to elongation. These pipes are relatively small in diameter and can be freely selected in the length direction, so that stress can be easily absorbed, and the length of the burner is shortened by the distance between the water pipe wall and the pressure vessel.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the gas in the high-temperature reaction vessel is generally a corrosive gas, and in the structure using the bellows tube 27, the bellows tube 27 is formed with a thin wall, which causes problems in terms of corrosivity and durability. Further, the method of extending the burner tube to relieve the stress is difficult to realize due to the difficulty of design and maintenance due to the length of the burner tube.
Further, as described in JP-A-9-95686, in the method of directly attaching the burner to the water pipe wall, since the burner is supported only by the substantial water pipe wall, the stability of the burner is poor, and the respective supply Since the pipes are connected in a corrosive gas atmosphere in the high temperature reaction vessel, problems due to this tend to occur. Furthermore, it is necessary to provide a plurality of insertion ports for disposing each supply pipe in the high temperature reaction vessel, which complicates the sealing mechanism.
[0009]
Therefore, in view of the problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a burner for a high-temperature reactor that can absorb the difference in thermal elongation between the high-temperature reaction vessel and the water-cooled wall with a simple structure. .
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in order to solve the problem, the present invention described in claim 1
A high-temperature reactor comprising a high-temperature reaction vessel and a water-cooled wall provided inside the reaction vessel is supported by two points of the high-temperature reaction vessel and the water-cooled wall, and fuel and In the burner for the high temperature reactor that supplies the oxidizing agent,
A burner tube supported at two points by the high temperature reaction vessel and the water cooling wall with the heat insulation space between the high temperature reaction vessel and the water cooling wall sandwiched between the portions located in the heat insulation space of the burner tube, A stress absorbing pipe portion having a pipe diameter smaller than that of the burner pipe at the two-point supported portion at least in the direction of gravity.
[0011]
According to this invention, a part of the burner tube which is located between the high temperature reaction vessel and the water cooling wall and is most susceptible to the stress due to the difference in thermal elongation is placed in other parts, that is, the reaction vessel insertion part and the water cooling wall. By providing a stress absorbing tube portion that is smaller than the tube diameter of the burner tube located at the insertion portion, it is possible to reduce the bending rigidity of the burner tube and prevent damage such as cracks. Moreover, in this invention, since the burner pipe diameter on the high temperature reaction vessel side and the water cooling wall side can be made the same as the conventional one, the flow velocity of the fluid ejected from the burner is optimized and stable combustion becomes possible.
The cross-sectional shape of the burner tube is not particularly limited, such as a circle, an ellipse, an oval, and a rectangle.
[0012]
The invention according to claim 2, wherein the stress absorbing tube section, cross section and smaller than the diameter of the flat shape is and burner tube portion short diameter portion diameter is supported two points in the direction of gravity, further said stress-absorbing It is characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the pipe portion is formed so as to be substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of the burner pipe at the portion supported at two points .
According to this invention, the stress absorption tube portion having a flat shape such as an oval shape or an oval shape in which the tube diameter in the vertical direction with the largest difference in thermal elongation is small and the diameter in the other direction is larger than that is provided. While having a sufficient stress absorbing function, pressure loss due to a change in flow velocity can be minimized without significantly reducing the cross-sectional area, and stable combustion can be performed.
In particular, as described in claim 5, it is preferable that the most stable operation is possible by making the cross-sectional area of the stress absorbing pipe portion substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of the burner pipe in the other part.
[0013]
Further, as in a third aspect of the present invention, the stress absorbing tube portion may be formed so that the cross section is circular and the diameter is smaller than the diameter of the burner tube at the other part. Bending rigidity is increased not only in the direction but also in bending from all directions, and damage is minimized.
Further, as in the invention of claim 4, by making the diameter of the stress absorbing tube portion in the gravity direction about 0.7 to 0.9 times the diameter of the burner tube of the portion supported at two points , The rigidity of the burner tube can be most preferably maintained, and the strength is ensured.
Furthermore, in these inventions, it is preferable that the high temperature reactor is a coal gasifier.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, but are merely illustrative examples. Not too much. In the present embodiment, the burner provided in the coal gasification furnace is described as an example. However, the present invention is applicable to any high-temperature reactor provided with a water-cooled wall.
[0015]
1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a burner for a high-temperature reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, (a) is a sectional view of an oval stress absorption tube portion, and (b) ) Is a cross-sectional view of the small circular stress absorbing tube portion, and (c) is a cross-sectional view of the burner tube portion.
First, the whole structure is demonstrated based on FIG. 3 about the coal gasifier to which this invention is applied. In FIG. 3, a coal gasification furnace 30 includes a high-temperature reaction vessel 20 and a water cooling wall 21 provided on the inside thereof, and a combustor 24 that melts char and generates high-temperature gas, and is supplied into the furnace. And a reductor 23 for gasifying pulverized coal.
[0016]
A space 22 for heat insulation is provided between the high temperature reaction vessel 20 and the water cooling wall 21, and the coal gasification furnace 30 has a plurality of burners so as to penetrate the high temperature reaction vessel 20 and the water cooling wall 21. In this embodiment, the combustor 24 is provided with a combustor burner 17 for ejecting pulverized coal from a pulverized coal supply device (not shown) and for char ejection from a char supply device (not shown). The char burner 16 and the reductor 23 are provided with a reductor burner 15 for discharging pulverized coal for gasification.
[0017]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a burner for a high temperature reactor, which is an enlarged view of a Z portion in FIG. 3, and the burner pipe 10 penetrating the high temperature reaction vessel 20 and the water cooling wall 21 includes a burner outlet. A burner pipe portion 10b having substantially the same tube diameter D at the two points supported on the side 12 and the fuel / gasification agent supply port 13 side, the high temperature reaction vessel 20 and the water cooling wall 21 supported at the two points . It consists of a stress absorbing tube portion 10a located in the space portion 22 therebetween. As will be described later, the stress absorbing tube portion 10a is formed so that at least the tube diameter in the gravity direction is smaller than that of the burner tube portion 10b. As a result, the bending rigidity of the stress absorbing tube portion 10b is increased, the stress due to the difference in thermal elongation between the high temperature reaction vessel 20 and the water cooling wall 21 is absorbed, and damage such as cracking of the burner tube 10 is prevented. Can do.
The space 22 has a space W through which an operator can enter for normal maintenance or the like, and generally W is about 1.0 to 3.0 m.
[0018]
When the cross-sectional shape of the stress-absorbing tube portion 10a is an oval shape, it has an oval shape in which the diameter in the direction of gravity is a short axis as shown in FIG. The short diameter portion b is smaller than the diameter D of the burner pipe portion 10b located on the burner outlet 12 side and the fuel / gasification agent supply port 13 side. And it is preferable to form in a cross-sectional shape so that the major diameter a is larger than the diameter D of the burner tube portion 10b, that is, the cross-sectional second moment in the direction of receiving stress is minimized. As a result, the pressure loss due to the change in the flow velocity can be minimized without significantly reducing the cross-sectional area while having a sufficient stress absorbing function, and stable combustion can be performed. In this case, it is preferable that substantially the same size as the cross-sectional area of the stress absorbing tube portion 10a ₁ cross-sectional area of the burner pipe portion 10b.
[0019]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2C, a circular stress absorbing tube portion 10a ₂ may be used. Capable of absorbing stress from all directions by forming the diameter d of the stress absorbing tube portion 10a ₂ to less than the diameter D of the burner pipe portion 10b.
At this time, the burner pipe may be divided into two or more in order to keep the flow velocity in the pipe within a predetermined speed range.
Furthermore, about 0.7 to 0.9 times the diameter D of the minor diameter a or circular stress absorbing tube portion 10a ₂ of the diameter d the burner tube portion 10b of the stress of the oblong absorption tube portion 10a ₁ size Preferably. Setting to such a numerical value results in a structure having the highest bending rigidity and can absorb the stress due to the difference in thermal elongation to the maximum.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
According to this invention, by providing the stress absorption pipe part which is smaller than the pipe diameter of the burner pipe of the other part, the part that is most susceptible to the stress due to the difference in thermal elongation among the burner pipes provided in the high temperature reaction apparatus, With a simple structure, the bending rigidity of the burner tube can be reduced and damage such as cracks can be prevented. Moreover, in this invention, since the burner pipe diameter on the high temperature reaction vessel side and the water cooling wall side can be made the same as the conventional one, the flow velocity of the fluid ejected from the burner is optimized and stable combustion becomes possible.
In addition, by providing a flat stress absorption tube such as oval or oval, the pressure loss due to changes in flow rate can be minimized without significantly reducing the cross-sectional area while having a sufficient stress absorption function. Therefore, stable combustion can be performed.
[0021]
In addition, by forming the stress absorbing tube portion so that the cross section is circular and the diameter is smaller than the diameter of the burner tube at the other part, the bending rigidity is not only in the vertical direction but also in bending from all directions. Increases and minimizes damage.
Furthermore, the rigidity of the burner tube can be most suitably maintained by making the diameter of the stress absorbing tube portion in the direction of gravity approximately 0.7 to 0.9 times the diameter of the burner tube at the other part. Is preserved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a burner for a high temperature reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, where (a) is a cross-sectional view of an oval stress absorbing tube portion, (b) is a cross-sectional view of a small circular stress absorbing tube portion, and (c) is a burner tube portion. FIG.
FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of a coal gasification furnace to which a burner for a high temperature reactor according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional high-temperature reactor burner.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional high-temperature reactor burner.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Burner 10a Stress absorption pipe part 10b Burner pipe part 10a ₁ Elliptical stress absorption pipe part 10a _Two circular stress absorption pipe part 11 Fuel ejection path 12 Burner outlet 14 Fuel / oxidant 20 Reaction vessel 21 Water cooling wall 22 Space part 23 Reductor 24 Combustor 30 Coal gasifier

Claims (5)

A high-temperature reactor comprising a high-temperature reaction vessel and a water-cooled wall provided inside the reaction vessel is supported by two points of the high-temperature reaction vessel and the water-cooled wall, and fuel and In the burner for the high temperature reactor that supplies the oxidizing agent,
A burner tube that is supported at two points by the high temperature reaction vessel and the water cooling wall with the heat insulation space between the high temperature reaction vessel and the water cooling wall interposed therebetween, and a portion located in the heat insulation space of the burner tube, A burner for a high-temperature reactor, characterized in that a stress-absorbing tube portion having a tube diameter that is at least smaller in the gravitational direction than the burner tube at the two-point supported portion. The stress-absorbing tube section, cross section and a flat shape in the direction of gravity and smaller than the diameter of the burner tube of the portion short diameter portion diameter is supported two points, further said stress-absorbing tube portion of the cross-sectional area of the two-point support 2. The burner for a high temperature reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the burner tube is formed so as to be substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of the burner tube at the site . 2. The burner for a high temperature reactor according to claim 1, wherein the stress absorbing tube portion is formed so as to have a circular cross section and a diameter smaller than the diameter of the burner tube at a portion where the diameter is supported at two points . 4. The diameter of the stress absorption tube portion in the direction of gravity is approximately 0.7 to 0.9 times the diameter of the burner tube at a portion supported at two points. 5. High temperature reactor burner. The burner for a high-temperature reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the high-temperature reactor is a coal gasification furnace.

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