JPH06320933A - Axle weight distributing method applied to rear auspension of rear two-wheeler and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To ensure the starting of a rear two-wheeler in the case where it is empty or has a light mounted load and to secure its safe running by distributing a partially charged load on rear two axles within the range of an allowable load for making an increse in the weight of a driving axle possible within a range where the excess of the weight of each axle can be avoided. CONSTITUTION:An axle weight distributing device has a fluid bag means 11 having its lower end supported by a frame and its upper end to support the accel-hanger of a rear axle 34; a pressure damper 12 which is made to communicate with the fluid bag means 11 and supplied with pressure fluid through a protection valve 16 from a hydraulic pressure source; and a pressure regulating means 13 which regulates the pressure fluid flowing between the fluid bag means 11 and the pressure damper 12 always to keep the pressure in the fluid bag means 11 to be a fixed value.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an axial load distributing method and device used for a suspension.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART Normally, a rear two-axle vehicle of this type, for example, a large two-axle truck, has a good driving force, and in particular, has a good running accuracy on a rough road. Therefore, a tandem axle trunnion type rear suspension is used. Has been adopted. This tandem axle trunnion type rear suspension is generally designed such that the load capacity is evenly applied to the front and rear axles or the rear and rear axles, or is distributed in a predetermined ratio. However, in a vehicle where only one rear axle is driven, if the distribution ratio is changed and the axle weight ratio on the drive axle side decreases, when driving on a bumpy road or slope, the shared load distributed to the drive axle is distributed. Is not enough to cause the drive wheels to slip, and on slippery roads, the drive wheels cause slip and run idle. It becomes impossible to secure the driving force for the driving wheel.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to distribute the shared load of the rear two axles within the range of the allowable load so that the axle weight of the drive axle can be increased within a range to avoid overloading the axle weight of each axle. An object of the present invention is to provide an axle load distribution method and device used for a rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle that ensures a start and secures safe running when lightly loaded.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Axle load distribution method used for a rear suspension of a rear two-axle according to the present invention is a method for distributing a load of a rear rear axle by utilizing a pressure that maintains a predetermined value. It is about to be always applied in the direction and the set share load of the rear front axle is made larger than the state where the lifting load is lacking.

According to the axle weight distribution method used for the rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle of the present invention, a load utilizing the pressure at which the rear front axle is kept at a predetermined value is constantly applied in the downward direction, and thereafter the load is applied. The set share load of the front axle is about to be made larger than it would be without the push down load.

The axle load distributor used for the rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle of the present invention comprises a fluid bag means for supporting the lower hanger on a frame and an axle hanger for the rear rear axle on the upper end, and a fluid bag means for the fluid bag means. A pressure damper, which is communicated with the bag means, and pressurized fluid is supplied from a fluid pressure source through a protection valve, and the fluid bag means and the pressurized fluid flowing between the pressure dampers are constantly adjusted to adjust the fluid bag means. Including the pressure adjusting means for keeping the internal pressure at a predetermined value, the rear axle is always lifted by the fluid bag means so that the set share load of the rear front axle is made larger than the state in which the action of the fluid bag means is lost. This is where

The axle load distributor used for the rear suspension of the two-axle vehicle according to the present invention has an upper end on the frame side,
Fluid bag means for supporting the lower end on the rear front axle side,
The pressure damper, which is communicated with the fluid bag means and is supplied with fluid from the fluid pressure source through the protection valve, and the pressurized fluid flowing between the fluid bag means and the pressure damper are adjusted at all times. Than the state in which the front axle is pushed down by the fluid bag means at all times, including the pressure regulating means for keeping the pressure in the bag means at a predetermined value, and thereafter the set share load of the front axle lacks the action of the fluid bag means. It's getting bigger.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EXAMPLES Specific specified examples of the axle load distributing method and device used for the rear suspension of a two-axle vehicle according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a tandem vehicle for a heavy-duty truck 30 that uses front and rear axles 33 for driving and rear axles 34 for driving.
10 shows a specific example 10 of an axle load distributing device used for a rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle of the present invention which is applied to an axle trunnion type rear suspension 38,
Then, in the axle load distributing device 10, the driven rear axle 34 is constantly applied in the lifting direction with a load utilizing the pressure kept at a predetermined value, and the set shared load of the driven front axle 33 is lifted. The axle load distribution method used in the rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle of the present invention is made greater than it would be without load. In the truck 30, the tandem axle trunnion type rear suspension 38 includes a trunnion shaft 39 supported by the left and right trunnion brackets 40, 40 on the left and right frames 31, 31, and the trunnion shaft 39. Left and right leaf springs 41, 41 fixedly supported on the left and right ends of the trunnion shaft 39, the front and rear axles 33, and 39, respectively. The left and right front and rear lower torque rods 4 that connect the driven front axle 33 and the driven rear axle 34 to the trunnion bracket 40 below the driven rear axle 34.
2, 43 and an upper torque rod bracket 46 attached to the frames 31, 31 above the leaf springs 41, 41 and aligned with the center of the trunnion shaft 39, and after driving the front axle 33 and It is assembled by the left and right front and rear upper torque rods 44 and 45 which connect the rear axle 34 after being driven. Of course, two drive wheels 35, 35 are normally supported on both ends of the front axle 33 after driving,
Further, two driven wheels 36, 36 are normally supported at both ends of the rear axle 34 after being driven. Further, the front axle 33 after the driving is driven by the differential carrier 3
7 is normally connected to a differential device (not shown) incorporated within 7.

The axle load distributing device 10 includes a fluid bag means 11 having a lower end supported by the frames 31, 31 and an upper end supporting the axle hanger 15 of the rear axle 34.
A fluid pressure source (not shown) is communicated with the fluid bag means 11 and pressurized fluid is passed through the protection valve 16.
From the pressure damper 12 and its fluid bag means 1
1 and the pressure damper 12 for adjusting the pressurized fluid to keep the pressure in the fluid bag means 11 at a predetermined value at all times, and keep the fluid bag means 11 at a predetermined value. A predetermined load is generated in the fluid bag means 11 by utilizing the dripping pressure, the load is constantly applied to the rear axle 34 in the lifting direction, and then the front axle 33 is used.
The set sharing load is set to be larger than that in the state in which the action of the fluid bag means 11 is lacking.

An air spring is used as the fluid bag means 11, and the air spring 11 has a bottom anchor plate 19 at its lower end and a top anchor plate 20 at its upper end. The bottom anchor plate 19 is screwed onto the cross beam bracket 14 which is adjacent to the rear of the rear axle 34 after being driven and is passed between the left and right frames 31, 31 thereof. That cross
It is fixedly supported by the beam bracket 14, while its top anchor plate 20 rests the tip of its axle hanger 15 on it and a given load, i.e. a given force, is applied in its lifting direction. The frame 31, where it is always applied to the rear axle 34,
31 is arranged.

As the pressure damper 12, a surge tank is used, and the surge tank 12 is adjacent to the cross beam bracket 14 and is passed between the left and right frames 31, 31 of the cross beam. 32
Is connected to the air spring 11 by a pneumatic pipe 17, and is connected to an air tank (not shown) by another pneumatic pipe 18 having the protection valve 16 disposed on the way. In this case, the air tank constitutes the fluid pressure source that enables the compressed air as the pressurized fluid to be supplied to the surge tank 12, and the air tank is attached to the truck 30. It stores compressed air supplied from a compressor (not shown) operated by an onboard diesel engine (not shown).

As the pressure adjusting means 13, a pressure adjusting valve is used, and it is arranged in the middle of the pneumatic pipe 17, and the air spring 11 and surge.
The compressed air flowing between the tanks 12 is adjusted so that the pressure in the air spring 11 is constantly maintained at a predetermined value. That is, the pressure adjusting valve 13 allows the air spring 11 to constantly generate the predetermined force used as the predetermined load by constantly maintaining the pressure in the air spring 11 at a predetermined value. By the way.

Further, the axial load distribution device 10 is applied where the truck 30 has a gross vehicle weight of 20 tons, and is designed where the axial load distribution shown in FIG. 3 is obtained. There, the rear axle 34 is always
Is set to 600 kgf, and its lifting force, that is, the set load is set by the pressure and effective area of the air spring 11, so that the pressure, that is, the air pressure is always kept at a predetermined value. Designed wherever possible. Of course, the lifting force of 600 kgf and the axial load distribution shown in FIG. 3 ensure the driving force when the vehicle is empty and lightly loaded, which makes it easier to start the vehicle. The load (sharing axle load) is distributed within the range of the allowable load (maximum load limit), and the steering axle (not shown), the front axle 33 after driving the rear axle 3, and the rear axle 3 after being driven.
In addition to avoiding overloading of the axle, it is considered that the adverse effect on the riding comfort and the swell is suppressed.

The air spring 11 has a diameter of about 11
It is set to 5 mm, and its air pressure is 5 to 6 from the stabilization of load and its maximum load limit (prevention of overloading of axial load).
It is about to be set to kgf / cm ² . Also, the surge tank 12 is set to about 10 l and acts as a pressure damper. As a result, in the air spring 11, the fluctuating load at the full stroke and the change in the spring constant at the normal traveling amplitude are reduced with respect to the set load of 600 kgf.

The axle load distributing method and apparatus 10 thus embodied and applied always lifts the driven rear axle 34 with a force of 600 kgf depending on where the truck 30 has a gross vehicle weight of 20 tons. Accordingly, after that, the front axle 33 after being driven is pushed down by the force of 600 kgf, and the shared load of the two axles 33 and 34 is then reduced.
As shown in FIG. 5, the load sharing of the two axles 33, 34 is properly distributed thereafter within the range of the allowable load so that the steering axle, the front axle after driving 33, and the rear axle after driving 34 are driven. The axle load is avoided and the truck is adapted to driving conditions, road conditions, road conditions, etc., for example, on slippery roads, bumpy roads, slopes, etc. Then, the driving force is secured when the vehicle is empty and when the vehicle is lightly loaded, which facilitates starting.

Further, this axial load distributing method and apparatus 10
Does not control the load only when starting,
After being driven by the force of 00 kgf, the rear axle 34 is loaded in the lifting direction, so that electrical means, electronic control means, etc. are omitted, the apparatus is simplified, reliability is improved, and cost is reduced. To be Further, the axial load distributing method and apparatus 10 substantially avoids the influence on the riding comfort of the truck 30 and the judder because the spring constant and the fluctuating load of the air spring 11 are reduced.

FIG. 4 is used in the rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle of the present invention as applied to the tandem axle trunnion type rear suspension 38 of the heavy truck 30 shown in FIGS. A specific example 50 of the axle load distributing device is shown, and in the axle load distributing device 50, a load utilizing the pressure that the front axle 33 after driving is kept at a predetermined value can always be applied in the downward direction. After this invention, the axle load distribution method used for the rear suspension of a two-axle vehicle is performed. That is, this axle load distributing method and apparatus 50 constantly applies a load utilizing the pressure maintained at a predetermined value to the after-driving front axle 33 in the downward direction, and accordingly the driven after-rear axle 34 pushes down. It is about to be lifted by a force corresponding to the bending force and then appropriately distribute the shared load of the two shafts 33 and 34 within the range of the allowable load.

In the axial load distributor 50, the top anchor plate 20 has the differential carrier 3
7 is attached to the arch-shaped cross beam bracket 51 which is adjacent to 7 and passed between the left and right frames 31, 31, and the bottom anchor plate 19 is screwed to the spring seats 52 of the differential carrier 37, respectively. The air spring 11 arranged between the arched cross beam bracket 51 and the spring seat 52, and the air spring 11
The compressed air and its protection.
The surge tank 12 supplied from the air tank through the valve 16 and the compressed air flowing between the air spring 11 and the surge tank 12 are constantly adjusted so that the pressure in the air spring 11 is kept at a predetermined level. Including a pressure regulating valve 13 which keeps the value at
The air spring 11 is caused to generate a predetermined force to be used as a predetermined load by utilizing the pressure held in the spring 11 at a predetermined value, and then the load is constantly applied to the front axle 33 in the pushing direction. Then, after that, the load sharing of the front axle 33 is made larger than that in the state in which the action of the air spring 11 is lacking. Of course, the surge tank 12 is fixedly supported by a cross beam (not shown) adjacent to the arched cross beam bracket 51 depending on the placement of the air spring 11, and Air spring 1
The pneumatic circuits such as 1, the surge tank 12, and the pressure regulating valve 13 are the same as those of the axle load distributor 10 described above.

The axial load distributor 50 is applied to the truck 30 with its pushing force set to 600 kgf. Then, in the truck 30, the axial load distribution device 50 performs axial load distribution at the same place when the axial load distribution device 10 described above is applied.

The above-described axle load distribution method and apparatus 50 and the axle load distribution method and apparatus 10 described above have a total vehicle weight of 2
Although described as being applied to a heavy-duty truck 30 having 0 ton and the rear two axles being a drive axle and a driven axle, the axle load distribution method and apparatus 10, 50 is:
It can be applied to large trucks whose rear two axles are drive axles.

As is apparent from the specific embodiments of the present invention described above with reference to the drawings, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains have ordinary knowledge in the art. Is the nature of the invention (na
It is easily embodied in other embodiments that are derived from the true) and substance, and are objectively accepted as having them internalized. Of course, the contents of the present invention are essential to the establishment of the invention in accordance with the problems of the invention.

[0022]

As will be understood from the above, the axle load distribution method used for the rear suspension of the rear two-axle of the present invention is the load utilizing the pressure at which the rear axle is kept at a predetermined value. Since the set shared load of the rear front axle is always applied in the lifting direction to be larger than the state where the lifting load is lacking, in the axle load distribution method used for the rear suspension of the rear two-axle of the present invention, After that, the shared load of the two axes is adapted to the load capacity, the driving force is secured when the vehicle is empty and lightly loaded, which makes it easier to start, and during heavy loading, the shared load of the two axes is then within the allowable load range. It is distributed to avoid overload on each axle, and on slippery roads, bumpy roads, slopes, etc., the slip of the drive wheel and the slip of the drive wheel due to the slip are suppressed, and the start and travel are ensured, And, safe driving is ensured, as a result, it is very useful and practical for after biaxial wheel.

Further, according to the axle load distributing method used for the rear suspension of the rear two-axle vehicle of the present invention, the load utilizing the pressure for keeping the rear front axle at a predetermined value is constantly applied in the downward direction. Then, since the set shared load of the front axle is made larger than that in the state in which the pushing down load is absent, in the axle load distribution method used for the rear suspension of the rear two-axle vehicle of the present invention, the shared load of the two axles is then set. Is adapted to the loading capacity, and when the vehicle is empty or lightly loaded, the driving force is secured, which makes it easier to start.In addition, when the vehicle is heavily loaded, the shared load of the two axles is then distributed within the allowable load range to each axle. Overloading of the axle is avoided, and slipping of the drive wheel on slippery roads, bumpy roads, slopes, etc. and slipping of the drive wheel due to the slip are suppressed to ensure start and run, and safe driving Is ensured, the result is a very useful and practical for after biaxial wheel.

Further, the axle load distributing device used for the rear suspension of the rear two-axle of the present invention comprises a fluid bag means for supporting the lower end of the axle on the rear rear axle by supporting the lower end of the frame on the frame. The pressure damper, which is communicated with the fluid bag means and is supplied with fluid from the fluid pressure source through the protection valve, and the pressurized fluid flowing between the fluid bag means and the pressure damper are adjusted at all times. Than the condition in which the rear axle is lifted by the fluid bag means at all times, including the pressure adjusting means for keeping the pressure in the bag means at a predetermined value, and the set shared load of the rear front axle lacks the action of the fluid bag means. Therefore, in the axle load distributing device used for the rear suspension of the two-axle vehicle after the present invention, the shared load of the two axles is adapted to the loading amount, and the driving is performed when the vehicle is empty and when the vehicle is lightly loaded. Is ensured, which makes it easier to start, and after heavy loading, the shared load of the two axles is then distributed within the allowable load range to avoid overloading the axle weight on each axle, and also on slippery roads, bumpy roads, The slip of the drive wheel and the idling of the drive wheel due to the slip are suppressed on a slope or the like, so that starting and running are surely performed, and
Safe driving is ensured, and furthermore, the load is not controlled only at the time of starting, but the load that utilizes the pressure maintained at a predetermined value is applied to the rear axle in the lifting direction at all times. The mechanical control means etc. are omitted, the device is simplified, the reliability is improved and the cost is reduced, and the spring constant and the fluctuating load of the fluid bag means can be made small, so that the ride comfort and the judder can be improved. The effect of is avoided and, as a result, it is very useful and practical for the rear two-axle.

Furthermore, after the present invention, the rear axle of the two-axle vehicle is
The axle load distributor used for the suspension is connected to a fluid bag means for supporting the upper end on the frame side and the lower end on the rear front axle side, and is communicated with the fluid bag means, and the pressurized fluid drives the protection valve. And a pressure damper supplied from a fluid pressure source, and a pressure adjusting means for adjusting the pressurized fluid flowing between the fluid bag means and the pressure damper to constantly maintain the pressure in the fluid bag means at a predetermined value. Always used after that, the front axle is pushed down by the fluid bladder means, and then the set share load of the front axle is made larger than the state in which the action of the fluid bladder means is absent, so it is used for the rear suspension of the rear two-axle vehicle of the present invention. In the axial load distributor, the shared load of the two shafts is then adapted to the load capacity, and when the vehicle is empty or lightly loaded, the driving force is secured, making it easier to start. The axle's shared load is distributed within the allowable load range to avoid overloading of axles on each axle, and the slip of a drive wheel on slippery roads, bumpy roads, slopes, etc. and the slipping of that drive wheel due to the slip are suppressed. This ensures that the vehicle starts and runs reliably, and that safe driving is ensured. Furthermore, instead of controlling the load only when starting, a load that utilizes the pressure that is maintained at a predetermined value is applied to the front axle after that. By constantly pushing in the pushing direction, electrical means, electronic control means, etc. are omitted, the device is simplified, and reliability is improved to reduce cost, and the spring of the fluid bag means is improved. The fact that the constant and fluctuating load can be made small avoids the influence on riding comfort and judder, and as a result, is very useful and practical for a rear two-axle vehicle.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is used for a rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle of the present invention, which is applied to a tandem axle type rear suspension of a heavy-duty truck that uses a front rear axle after driving and a rear axle after driven. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a partial cross section of a specific example of the axial load distributor.

FIG. 2 is a partial rear view of the axial load distributor shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the rear.

FIG. 3 is an axial load distribution table.

FIG. 4 is used for a rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle of the present invention, which is applied to a tandem axle type rear suspension of a heavy-duty truck that uses a front rear axle after driving and a rear axle after driven. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a partial cross section of a specific example of the axial load distributor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Air Spring 12 Surge Tank 13 Pressure Control Valve 14 Cross Beam Bracket 15 Axle Hanger 16 Protection Valve 17 Pneumatic Piping 18 Pneumatic Piping

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A axle weight distribution method used for a rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle, in which a rear rear axle is constantly loaded in a lifting direction utilizing a pressure maintained at a predetermined value. 2. A axle weight distribution method used for a rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle, wherein a load utilizing a pressure maintained at a predetermined value is constantly applied to the rear front axle in a downward direction. 3. A fluid bag means having a lower end supported by a frame and an upper end supporting an axle hanger of a rear-rear axle, and the fluid is communicated with the fluid bag means. A rear two-axle vehicle including a pressure damper supplied from a source and a pressure adjusting means for adjusting the pressurized fluid flowing between the fluid bag means and the pressure damper to keep the pressure in the fluid bag means at a predetermined value at all times. Axial load distribution device used for the rear suspension. 4. The axle load distribution used in the rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle of claim 3, wherein the fluid bag means is an air spring and the pressure damper is a surge tank. apparatus. 5. The axle load distributing device for use in a rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the pressure adjusting means is a pressure adjusting valve. 6. A fluid bag means having an upper end supported on the frame side and a lower end supported on the rear front axle side and the fluid bag means, and the pressurized fluid is supplied from a fluid pressure source via a protection valve. A rear two-axle vehicle including a pressure damper and a pressure adjusting means for adjusting the pressurized fluid flowing between the fluid bag means and the pressure damper to constantly maintain the pressure in the fluid bag means at a predetermined value. Axial load distributor used for suspension. 7. The axle load distribution used in the rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle of claim 6, wherein the fluid bag means is an air spring and the pressure damper is a surge tank. apparatus. 8. The axle load distributing device for use in a rear suspension of a rear two-axle vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the pressure adjusting means is a pressure adjusting valve.