JPH06320375A - Automatic tool exchanging device for composite machining lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten a tool exchange time by a method wherein two different sets of grasping claws in a direction extending at right angles to a tool exchange arm are provided and tools mounted on the outer periphery and the side of a turret and pointing in two directions are exchanged from each other. CONSTITUTION:The tool T of a magazine pot 13 divided in the tool exchange position of a tool magazine 9 and pointing to the main spindle side in the direction of a Z-axis is exchanged with a tool T divided in the tool exchange position of a tool rest 3 positioned in a first Z-axis position and pointing to the main spindle side in a Z-axis direction of the side of a turret by means of grasping claws 19A and 19B for a tool pointing to the Z-axis directions of the two ends of an arm through movement of a tool exchange arm 17 in a Z-axis direction, a direction (a U-axis direction) extending at right angles with a Z-axis having a given angle with a Z-axis direction, or an X-axis direction. Further, the tool of a magazine pot divided in a tool exchange position and pointing to the turret side in a U-axis direction or an X-axis direction as a result of the tool being revolved in a 90 deg. arc and a tool pointing to the magazine side in the X-axis direction or the X-axis direction of the tool rest positioned in a second Z-axis position are exchanged by means of grasping claws 18a and 18b for a tool positioned closer to the two ends of the arm and pointing to a direction extending at right angles with the Z-axis.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic tool changer (hereinafter referred to as ATC) between a tool magazine and a turret having a plurality of rotary tool shafts or fixed tool shafts facing in two directions of a composite machining lathe. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, many lathes with an ATC have a tool mounted on a turret in two directions, the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and the tool-changing arm of the ATC has to correspond to the two directions. A technique developed for this purpose is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-2510.
There is number 40. As shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), this is one in which the grip claw 102 of the tool changing arm 101 is rotated around a rotation axis 103 inclined by 45 ° with respect to the arm rotation axis.
The turret 10 changes its direction by turning 80 degrees.
It corresponds to a tool that faces two directions of No. 4.

[0003]

The technique of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-251040 described in the prior art requires a mechanism for turning the gripping pawl, and supplies the hydraulic pressure for opening and closing the gripping pawl through the swivel unit. There is a problem that the structure becomes complicated because it must be done. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an AT that has a simple structure and is compatible with a tool that faces in two directions.
It is intended to provide C.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, an automatic tool changing device for a combined machining lathe according to the present invention comprises:
A swivel index is possible around a first tool axis facing the Z-axis direction of a turret of a multi-tasking lathe, a second tool axis facing the direction perpendicular to the Z-axis, and a swivel center axis facing the direction perpendicular to the Z-axis. A tool magazine, a magazine pot indexed to the tool replacement position of the tool magazine and capable of turning 90 ° in the Z-axis direction and the turning center axis direction, and a first tool shaft indexed to the tool replacement position of the turret. Alternatively, in an automatic tool exchanging device having a tool exchanging arm for exchanging tools between a second tool shaft and the magazine pot, a gripping claw for a Z-axis direction of the exchanging arm and a direction perpendicular to the Z-axis. A gripping claw for an orientation tool is provided.

[0005]

[Function] The tool of the magazine pot indexed to the tool exchange position of the tool magazine and facing the Z-axis main spindle side, and the turret side face indexed to the tool exchange position of the tool post positioned at the first Z-axis position Z axis at both ends of the arm by moving the tool facing the Z axis direction main axis side in a direction (U axis direction) orthogonal to the Z axis having a predetermined angle with the Z axis direction of the tool exchange arm (U axis direction) or X axis direction. Replace using the grasping claw for the direction tool. In addition, it is indexed to the tool change position and turned 90 ° to move in the U-axis direction or X direction.
The tool of the magazine pot facing the turret side in the axial direction, and the second
U on the outer circumference of the turret of the tool post positioned at the Z-axis position of
A tool that faces the magazine side in the axial or X-axis direction is changed by moving the tool changing arm in the Z-axis direction and the U-axis or X-axis direction, using the tool gripping claws that are perpendicular to the Z-axis near the ends of the arm. To do.

[0006]

Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. On the guide 1a in the Z-axis direction, which is inclined 30 ° forward and downward with respect to the horizontal plane of the slant bed 1 installed on the floor,
A saddle 2 having a guide 2a in the X-axis direction is movably mounted thereon, and a tool rest 3 is movably mounted on the X-axis guide 2a on the saddle 2. Turret 3
The turret 4 is supported on the left side surface of the turret 4 so as to be rotatable and indexable about a central axis of rotation in the Z-axis direction. Individually opened, a rotary tool shaft 8 oriented in a direction perpendicular to the Z-axis is opened at a notch portion on the outer circumference of the turret. The tool shafts 5, 6 and 8 of the turret 4 are located at the rear tool exchange position a.
From this position a, 210 ° in the clockwise direction in FIG. 2 or 150 ° in the counterclockwise direction is indexed to the machining position c on the front side having a different phase.

On the other hand, a tool magazine 9 is installed on the rear side of the machine, and the disc 11 of the tool magazine 9 has a horizontal axis (perpendicular to the Z axis having an angle of 30 ° with respect to the X axis). It is provided so that it can be swivel-indexed around a swiveling center axis that faces the (U-axis) direction, and is driven by a motor 12 via a gear. A plurality of magazine pots 13 are rotatably attached to the disc 12 at equal intervals on the outer periphery by pins 14, and the magazine pot 13 is provided with a fluid pressure only when the disc 11 is indexed to the tool exchange position b. The cylinder 15 turns 90 degrees from the Z-axis direction main shaft side direction to the U-axis direction turret side direction.

A fixed base 20 for the exchange arm unit 16 is installed on the left side of the tool magazine 9, and an L-shaped unit main body 2 is mounted on the fixed base 20 via a cross slide 21.
2 is provided so as to be movable in the Z-axis and U-axis directions. A twin arm type tool exchanging arm 17 is provided at the tip of the unit main body 22 so as to be rotatable by 180 ° around the pivot center axis in the Z axis direction between the tool exchanging positions a and b. The unit main body 22 can be moved to position 2 in the Z-axis direction and position 4 in the U direction, which will be described later. At both ends of the tool changing arm 17, gripping claws 18A, 18 for tool T replacement on the turret side surface are provided.
B is provided inside thereof, and gripping claws 19A and 19B for exchanging the tool T on the outer circumference of the turret are provided so as to be openable and closable, respectively.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are views showing the position of the magazine pot 13, the rotary tool shafts 5 and 8 of the turret 4 or the fixed tool shaft 6 and the position of the tool changing arm 17 during the ATC operation. 2 positions in the Z-axis direction of the tool T of the magazine pot 13 and the turret 4 facing the Z-axis main spindle 7 side.
The center of each holding groove Ta of the tool T on the side surface and the holding claw 1
The position Z ₁ where the gripping center of 8A or 18B is on the Z-axis direction and the Z-axis position Z at which the gripping of the gripped tool T ends
_Two in two.

The four positions in the U-axis direction are the standby and pivoting positions U ₀ of the tool changing arm 17, the U ₁ on the magazine pot 13 side and the U ₂ and U ₃ positions on the turret side.
The movement of the tool changing arm 17 from U ₀ to U ₁ grips the magazine pot tool T facing the Z-axis direction main spindle 7 side with the claw 18A.
Alternatively, the gripping claw 19A or 19B is positioned at the center position of the gripping groove Ta of the magazine pot tool T which is gripped by 18B or faces the turret side in the U-axis direction, and the side surface of the turret 4 is moved by moving from U ₀ to U ₂ . Grasping claw 18 of tool T
Grip with B or 18A. Further, by moving from U ₀ to U ₃ , the grip claw 19B or 19A is positioned at the grip groove Ta position of the tool T on the outer circumference of the turret 4. Only the turret side is divided into two positions U ₂ and U _{3 because} the distance UL _{1 in} the U axis direction between the tool axis center of the turret in the Z axis direction and the center of the gripping groove Ta of the tool oriented in the U axis direction is machined. The corresponding distance U of the magazine pot 13 in order to reduce the restrictions on the range
This is because it is smaller than L ₂ .

Further, the distance ZL _{1 in} the Z-axis direction between the center of the holding groove Ta of the tool T facing the Z-axis direction of the turret 4 and the axis of the tool T facing the U-axis direction has the same processing range restriction as UL _1. It is desirable to be as small as possible in order to reduce the number. Therefore, the Z-axis direction distance ZL from the pot axis center when the tool T turns in the U-axis direction by turning 90 ° with the gripping groove center Ta of the tool T facing the Z-axis direction of the magazine pot 13 on the tool magazine 9 side.
ZL ₁ is smaller than ₂ . Therefore, in order to correspond to the grip claws 19A or 19B of the tool changing arm 17, it is necessary to shift the turret 4 to the right by ZL ₂ -ZL ₁ . Therefore, when the tool T of the outer periphery of the turret 4 facing the U-axis is to be replaced, the tool rest _{3 is} moved to the Z-axis direction opposite to the main spindle by ZL3-Z.
_Since it is positioned at a position separated by ₁ , Z of turret 4
There are two axial tool exchange positions, a tool exchange position Z ₃ for a Z-axis oriented tool and a tool exchange position Z ₄ for a U-axis oriented tool.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
First, the exchanging operation of the tool facing the Z-axis direction on the side surface of the turret 4 shown in FIG. 5 will be described. The tool T designated as the next tool in the tool magazine 9 is indexed to the tool replacement position b, and U ₀ , Z ₁
The tool changing arm 17 standing by at the position moves to the magazine side in the U-axis direction and grips the next tool T with the grip claw 18A at the U ₁ position. Next, the tool change arm 17
Side to the Z ₂ position, the tool T is pulled out from the magazine pot 13, moved to the U ₀ position on the turret side in the U axis direction, then moved to the Z ₁ position on the side opposite to the Z axis direction, and subsequently to the U position. The turret 4 of the tool rest 3 moved to the turret side in the axial direction and positioned at the Z-axis tool change position Z ₃ at the U ₂ position.
The used tool T on the end face is gripped by the grip claw 18B. Next, the tool exchange arm 17 moves to the Z ₂ position on the Z-axis direction main spindle side, extracts the tool T from the turret 4, and moves to the Uo position on the U-axis direction magazine side.
The position of the next tool and the used tool that are swung 180 degrees and gripped are exchanged.

Next, the tool exchanging arm 17 moves to the turret side in the U-axis direction, and the next tool T held by the holding claw 18A at the U ₂ position is concentric with the rotary tool shaft 5 of the turret 4, and is located on the opposite main spindle side in the Z-axis direction. After moving to the Z ₁ position, the next tool T is inserted into the rotary tool shaft 5. Next, the tool change arm 17 moves to the U ₀ position on the U-axis direction magazine side, the grip claw 18A moves away from the next tool T, and then moves to the Z ₂ position on the Z-axis direction spindle side again, and then the U-axis direction magazine. The used tool T that moves to the side and grips the grip claw 18B at the U ₁ position is concentric with the macajin pot 13, moves to the Z ₁ position on the Z-axis direction anti-spindle side, and inserts the used tool T into the magazine pot 13. To do. Next, the tool changing arm 17 moves to the turret side in the U-axis direction and stands by at the U ₀ position.

Next, the exchanging operation of the tool facing the U-axis on the outer circumference of the turret 4 shown in FIG. 6 will be described. The tool designated as the next tool in the tool magazine 9 is indexed at the tool change position b, and U
The tool changing arm 17 standing by at the ₀ , Z ₁ positions moves to the Z ₂ position on the Z-axis direction main spindle side, and the fluid pressure cylinder 15 causes the magazine pot 13 to rotate 90 ° and face the U-axis direction turret side. Next, the tool changing arm 17 moves to the magazine side in the U-axis direction, and the grip claw 19A is located on the same Z-axis line as the center of the gripping groove Ta of the next tool T at the U ₁ position and is located at the Z ₁ position on the Z-axis opposite main spindle side. It moves and grasps the next tool T with the grasping claw 19A.

Next, the tool changing arm 17 moves in the U-axis direction U _0.
After moving to the position, the next tool is pulled out from the magazine pot 13, and again moves to the Z ₂ position on the spindle side in the Z-axis direction.
Move to the U ₃ position on the turret side in the U-axis direction to move the grip claw 19
B is on the same Z-axis line as the center of the gripping groove Ta of the used tool T facing the U-axis direction on the outer circumference of the turret 4 of the tool rest 3 positioned at the Z-axis tool change position Z ₄ , and the Z-axis direction is opposite to the main spindle side. And the used tool T is held by the holding claw 19B at the Z ₁ position. Next, the tool exchange arm 17 moves to the U ₀ position on the magazine side in the U-axis direction, and the used tool T is extracted from the rotary tool shaft 8 of the turret 4, where the tool exchange arm 17 is
Turns 180 ° and the positions of the used tool and the next tool are exchanged.

Next, the tool changing arm 17 moves to the U ₃ position on the turret side in the U axis direction, the next tool T is inserted into the rotary tool shaft 8 of the turret 4, and moves to the Z ₂ position on the anti-spindle side in the Z axis direction. Then, the gripping claw 19A separates from the next tool T, moves to U ₀ on the U-axis direction magasin side, and then moves to the Z axis direction anti-spindle side, and the used tool T gripped by the gripping claw 19B at the Z ₁ position is Concentric with the magazine pot 13. Next, the tool changing arm 17 moves to the U ₁ position on the magazine side in the U axis direction, and the used tool T is inserted into the magazine pot 13, moves to the Z ₂ position on the spindle side in the Z axis direction, and the grip claw 19B is used. Move away from the tool T.

Next, the tool changing arm 17 moves to the U ₀ position on the turret side in the U-axis direction, and then the magasin pot 13
Turns 90 ° to face the Z-axis direction main spindle side, the tool exchange arm 17 moves to the Z-axis direction anti-spindle side, and stands by at the Z ₁ position. If the Z-axis positions of the rotary tool shaft 5 and the fixed tool shaft 6 on the side of the turret are different and the Z-axis positions of the center of the gripping grooves Ta of the mounting tool T are different, set the Z-axis tool exchange positions of the tool rest 3 to three positions. Correspond. The movement direction of the tool changing arm is not limited to the U-axis direction, and can be any direction perpendicular to the Z-axis if the directions of the turning center axes of the tool magazines are matched.

[0018]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. 90 ° on the tool change arm
Since two sets of gripping claws having different directions are provided so that the tools mounted on the outer periphery and the side surface of the turret can be exchanged in two directions, the structure is simplified and the tool exchange time can be shortened.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a main part of a combined machining lathe according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1 viewed from the headstock side.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a tool magazine.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of FIG. 2 as viewed from the left side.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a positional relationship among tool axes of a magazine pot, a tool changing arm, a gripping claw, and a turret when a tool oriented in the Z-axis direction is replaced.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a positional relationship among a tool axis of a magazine pot, a tool changing arm, a gripping claw, and a turret when a tool facing the U axis direction is replaced.

7 (a) and 7 (b) are explanatory views of a tool changing arm corresponding to a tool that faces in two directions by a conventional rotating mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

3 Turret 4 Turret 5, 8 Rotating Tool Axis 6 Fixed Tool Axis 7 Spindle 9 Tool Magazine 13 Magazine Pot 16 Tool Exchange Unit 18A, 18B, 19A, 19B Grip Claw T Tool

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yukihiro Aono 1-5-25 Shimokoguchi, Oguchi-cho, Niwa-gun, Aichi Okuma Corporation

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A turret of a composite machining lathe around a first tool axis oriented in the Z-axis direction, a second tool axis oriented in the direction orthogonal to the Z-axis, and a turning center axis oriented in the direction orthogonal to the Z-axis. A swivel indexable tool magazine, and 9 in the Z-axis direction and in the swivel center axis direction, indexed at the tool exchange position of the tool magazine.
An automatic tool having a magazine pot that can be swung by 0 °, and a tool exchanging arm for exchanging tools between the magazine pot and the first tool shaft or the second tool shaft indexed at the tool exchanging position of the turret. In the exchanging device, an automatic tool exchanging device for a multi-tasking lathe, characterized in that the exchanging arm is provided with a Z-axis direction tool gripping claw and a Z-axis direction-orientating tool gripping claw.