JPH0631502A - Cutting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain superior cutting performance over a long period by forming a discharge opening on the end surface of a holder and spraying liquid to the flank of the cutting edge of a cutter chip, so that liquid is directly sprayed to the vicinity of a cutting point. CONSTITUTION:A discharge nozzle 18 is disposed on the end face 11a of a holder 11 for discharging high pressure liquid to a contact point between the flank of the cutting edge 13b of a cutter chip 13 and a work X or to the vicinity thereof when the work X is cut. High pressure liquid is discharged upwards from this discharge nozzle 18, and the liquid is sprayed on the flank of the cutting edge 13b of this cutter chip 13, whereby a cutting point is directly cooled. This hinders the transfer of most of heat generated at the cutting point to the work X and the inside of the cutter chip 13 of a cutting tool 10, and hence neither the work X not the tip of the cutter chip 13 sustain thermal damage. As a result, it is possible to cut a hard work X at high speed over a long period in a superior manner.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutting tool such as a cutting tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in cutting, a liquid such as oil or water is applied to the cutting portion for the purpose of cooling the cutting portion and removing chips. However, the cutting point itself is because the cutting edge of the workpiece and the cutting tool are in pressure contact,
It is not easy to apply enough liquid to the cutting point. If the liquid is not sufficiently applied to the cutting point, the cutting edge will be damaged by the cutting heat, and the chips with the cutting heat will cover the surface of the workpiece and a part of the machine. When heated and expanded and cutting in that state, the processing dimensions are distorted, the work surface is melted by the cutting heat, and the molten metal adheres to the cutting edge of the cutting tool to form a so-called "configured cutting edge" and it is possible to cut. Since problems such as disappearance occur, the solution is strongly desired.

Therefore, recently, in order to make it possible to spray liquid nearer the cutting point, for example, in a cutting tool having a cutter tip 2 attached to the tip of the holder 1, as shown in FIG. 3 is formed so that the liquid can be sprayed toward the blade tip of the cutter tip 2 or a drill tool, etc., as shown in FIG. 8, a spiral water injection channel 4 is formed inside the blade, A tool that can spray liquid from the center of the tool tip has been developed and is used in some parts. In addition, corresponding to these tools,
For machine tools such as lathes and machining centers,
A tool having a water injection means communicating with the water injection paths 3 and 4 of the above tool has been developed.

[0004]

However, these tools with a liquid spraying function are designed to carry out liquid spraying from the sliding surface side of the cutting edge solely for the purpose of chip removal. Although it is possible to suppress the heat generation to a certain extent, it is not possible to directly cool the cutting point and its surroundings, so various troubles due to the cutting heat are likely to occur.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a cutting tool using a cutter tip, which is capable of sufficiently applying liquid to a cutting point. To do.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a cutting tool for cutting a workpiece by colliding a cutting edge with the holder and a cutter tip attached to this tip. And a discharge port for discharging the high-pressure liquid toward the contact surface of the cutting edge of the cutter tip and the contact point of the workpiece or the vicinity thereof at the time of cutting is provided on the end surface of the holder, and communicates with the discharge means. A cutting tool in which a water injection channel is formed in a holder is the first gist, and is a cutting tool that performs cutting by colliding a cutting edge with a workpiece, and is attached to a holder and a sheet or a supporter at this tip. Equipped with a cutter tip, the end face of the above-mentioned sheet or supporter is raised toward the contact point of the cutting edge of the above-mentioned cutter tip with the contact point of the workpiece or its vicinity during cutting. A liquid discharge port for discharging is provided a water injection passage communicating with the discharge port, to the the holder and cutting tool are formed in the sheet or supporter and second aspect.

[0007]

That is, the present inventor has conducted a series of researches on a structure in which a cutting tool having a cutter tip attached thereto is sufficiently liquid-poured toward the vicinity of the cutting point. Then, in the process, if a discharge port is provided on the end surface of the holder or the end surface of the sheet or supporter provided below the cutter tip to discharge the high pressure liquid upward,
It was found that the liquid can be applied to the flank of the cutting edge, which has hitherto been considered impossible to apply the liquid, and the cutting point can be directly cooled, and the present invention has been achieved. In the present invention, the term “discharge port” is intended to include not only a discharge port directly formed at a predetermined position on the surface but also a nozzle port opened at the tip of a discharge nozzle attached to the surface.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.

[0009]

1 is a plan view of an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a cutting tool, and FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the essential part thereof. In the cutting tool 10, a cutter chip 13 made of cemented carbide is placed in a notched portion of a holder 11 via a sheet 12, and these two chips are fixed to the holder 11 by a clamp piece 15.

A discharge port 16 capable of discharging high-pressure liquid toward the tip of the cutting edge sliding surface 13a of the cutter tip 13 is formed in the end surface 15a of the tip end of the clamp piece 15, and inside thereof, As shown in FIG.
A water injection passage 17 reaching 6 is formed in the clamp piece 15 and the holder 11.

Further, an upward discharge nozzle 18 is attached to one portion of the tip surface 11a of the holder 11, and high-pressure liquid is discharged from the discharge nozzle 18 toward the cutting edge flank 13b of the cutter tip 13. It is designed to be discharged. In the holder 11, a branch water injection path 17 a that branches from the water injection path 17 to the ejection port 16 is communicated with the discharge nozzle 18.

The bite 10 is mounted on a known lathe device (having a function of pouring water into the water pouring path 17 of the holder 11), and the high pressure liquid is discharged from the discharge port 16 and the discharge nozzle 18 of the bite 10 as shown in FIG. When cutting is performed by discharging as shown by arrows P and Q in 2, the chips cut out from the workpiece X should be immediately cooled and removed by liquid spraying from the cutting edge sliding surface 13a side (arrow P). In addition, the liquid can be directly sprayed from the cutting edge flank 13b (arrow Q) up to the immediate vicinity of the cutting point, and the cooling around the cutting point can be performed very effectively. Therefore, almost no heat generated at the cutting point is conducted to the inside of the work piece X and the inside of the cutter tip 13 of the cutting tool 10, and the work piece X is also cut.
The blade edge of is also not damaged by heat. As a result, high-speed cutting of the hard work X, which has had many troubles in the past, can be favorably performed over a long period of time.

It should be noted that in the cutting tool 10 described above, it is possible to directly apply liquid to the cutting edge flank 13b, which has been conventionally difficult to apply liquid, to a position very close to the cutting point, as shown in FIG.
As shown in, the cutting edge flank 13b of the cutter tip 13
However, even if the surface is initially smooth, it is thought that this surface wears as the cutting progresses and many streaks form in the vertical direction, and the liquid enters into the vicinity of the cutting point by utilizing these streaks. Then, once the liquid enters this streak, not only the effect of directly cooling the cutting point but also the effect that the smoothness of the cutting edge flank 13b is improved and the wear on this surface is significantly suppressed Play.

By the way, when a turning tool having the same construction as described above was used and a turning process was carried out under the following conditions, it was possible to obtain a good finished product, whereas it could not be conventionally processed under the following conditions. did it.

Workpiece: Material SKH51 (heat treated) Hardness HRC60 ° Shape Round bar shape with an outer diameter of 30 mm Tool: Chip material Ceramics Cutting conditions: Cutting speed 200 m / min Cutting depth 3 mm Feed rate 1/100 mm per rotation

In the above embodiment, as the cutting tool,
Although the cutting tool 10 in which the clamp piece 15 is attached together with the cutter tip 13 is used, the present invention is not limited to this, and the cutting edge sliding surface 13a of the cutter tip 13 is not limited to this.
The liquid may be sprayed on in any way. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, in a cutting tool 10 ′ in which a chip removing breaker piece 14 is placed on the upper surface of a cutter tip 13 and is then clamped by a clamp piece 15, not the clamp piece 15 but the breaker piece 15. A discharge port 16 for discharging high-pressure liquid may be provided on the tip surface 14a of the piece 14, and liquid may be sprayed from this portion toward the cutting edge sliding surface 13a as indicated by an arrow P. Of course, clamp piece 1
5 or the breaker piece 14 does not need to be sprayed with liquid, and the cutting edge sliding surface 13a can be cut with the cutting tool 10, 1
The liquid may be applied from the outside of 0 '. Also,
In some cases, sufficient effect can be obtained only by applying liquid to the cutting edge flank 13b.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this bite 20, the end surface 11a of the holder 11
Is provided with a step as shown in the figure, and the step surface 21 is provided with a cutting edge flank 13 of the cutter tip 13 as shown by an arrow Q.
A discharge port 22 that discharges the high-pressure liquid toward b is formed. In addition, 23 is a water injection channel formed in the holder 11. With this bite 20, the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In the cutting tool 30, a discharge nozzle 31 that discharges the high-pressure liquid toward the cutting edge flank 13b of the cutter tip 13 is formed on the end surface 12a of the sheet 12 provided below the cutter tip 13 as indicated by an arrow Q. Has been done. Reference numeral 32 is a water injection channel formed in the seat 12 and the holder 11. With this bite 30, the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

The cutting tool to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the one mounted on a lathe, but may be applied to a milling machine, a machining center, an NC lathe, or any other machine that can be mounted and used. You can In the case of a type in which a supporter is attached together with the cutter tip 13 (for example, front milling cutter), a discharge nozzle is provided in the supporter in the same manner as in the case of FIG. 6, and a high pressure is applied from the nozzle opening to the cutting edge flank of the cutter tip. It is preferable to eject the liquid.

In each of the embodiments, the high-pressure liquid discharged from the discharge port (including the nozzle port, the same applies hereinafter) may be water or oil, or may contain various chemicals. There is no problem. The discharge pressure is set appropriately according to the cutting conditions, but is generally 5
It is preferable to set it to 200 kg / cm ² .

The position of the discharge port for spraying the liquid toward the sliding surface of the cutting edge and the arrangement of the water injection passage formed inside are not limited to those in the above-mentioned embodiment, but may be changed depending on the mounting manner of the cutter tip, cutting conditions, etc. It can be changed as appropriate. Then, for the same tool, prepare a plurality of holders, sheets, etc. with different ejection opening positions (ie, ejection directions) and ejection ranges, and use them in a combination that gives the optimum liquid application according to the purpose. Further, it is possible to further effectively spray the liquid and improve the cutting efficiency.

[0022]

As described above, the cutting tool of the present invention is provided with the discharge port on the end surface of the holder or the end surface of the sheet or supporter provided below the cutter tip.
It is designed to be able to spray liquid on the flank of the cutting edge of the cutter tip. Therefore, according to the present invention, from the cutting edge flank face, which has hitherto been considered to be impossible to apply liquid, it is possible to directly apply liquid to the vicinity of the cutting point, so that a very excellent cooling effect can be exhibited. It is possible to maintain good cutting performance for a long period of time. Moreover, since the liquid enters the cutting edge flank, the cutting edge flank, which was often damaged by friction with the workpiece, is smoothed, so that the damage on this surface can be suppressed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a cutting tool of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a main part of the above embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a usage mode of a cutting edge flank of a cutter tip.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a method in which the sliding surface of the cutting edge is sprayed differently in the above embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a main part of another embodiment of the cutting tool of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of still another embodiment of the cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a conventional cutting tool.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of another example of the conventional cutting tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 bytes 11 Holder 12 Sheet 13 Cutter tip 13b Cutting edge flank 16 Discharge port 17 Water injection path X Workpiece

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A cutting tool for performing cutting by colliding a cutting edge with a workpiece, comprising a holder and a cutter tip attached to the tip of the holder, the end face of the holder being provided with the cutter tip at the time of cutting. A cutting characterized in that a discharge port for discharging high-pressure liquid toward the contact surface of the cutting edge and the workpiece or its vicinity is provided, and a water injection channel communicating with the discharge port is formed in the holder. tool. 2. A cutting tool for cutting a workpiece by colliding a cutting edge with the holder, and a holder and a cutter tip attached to the tip together with a sheet or a supporter, the end surface of the sheet or the supporter comprising: At the time of cutting, a discharge port for discharging high-pressure liquid toward the contact point of the cutting edge of the cutter tip and the workpiece or the vicinity thereof is provided, and a water injection path communicating with the discharge port is in the holder, in the sheet or A cutting tool characterized by being formed in a supporter.