JPH06313196A - Azeotropic or azeotropelike composition and detergent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce a detergent which is capable of precise cleaning, drys well, and does not deplete the ozone layer. CONSTITUTION:A detergent for optical parts, etc., is produced by using an azeotropic or azeotropelike compsn. comprising propylene glycol t-butyl ether and octamethyltrisiloxane as the effective component. The detergent effectively utilizes advantages of those compds.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a substitute for chlorine-based degreasing detergents such as freon and trichloroethane, and is also suitable for precision washing of metal parts such as aluminum and iron and optical parts such as lenses and prisms. The present invention relates to an azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition that can be used, and a cleaning agent thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2- has been used as a cleaning solvent for optical parts, metal parts and the like.
Trifluoroethane (CFC 113) and 1,1,1-trichloroethane are used. This is Freon 113
Is non-flammable; has low toxicity to living organisms; does not corrode polymeric materials such as plastics and rubber, but has selective solubility of dissolving fats and oils; fast drying rate;
This is because 1,1,1-trichloroethane also has excellent degreasing and detergency and is nonflammable.

On the other hand, various mixtures and azeotropic compositions have been developed in order to reduce the use amount of these chlorine-based solvents and improve the degreasing power. For example, JP-A-3-31226 discloses an azeotropic-like mixed solvent composition comprising 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane and pentane, and JP-A-1-306499 discloses 1,1-difluoro-
An azeotrope-like mixture of 2,2-dichloroethane and acetone is disclosed. Other than these, aliphatic lower alcohols such as IPA and ethanol, ketones such as acetone, and ethers are also being studied.

[0004]

However, the CFC 11
Chlorine-based solvents such as 3 and 1,1,1-trichloroethane are chemically particularly stable and therefore have a long life in the troposphere and diffuse to reach the stratosphere where they are decomposed by sunlight to generate chlorine radicals. Since they cause a chain reaction with ozone and destroy the ozone layer, there is a need to reduce their use. Therefore, as described above, the amount of the chlorine-based solvent used is reduced by developing an azeotropic composition of a chlorine-based solvent such as Freon 113 and an organic solvent other than the chlorine-based solvent. However, there is a problem in that the amount used cannot be reduced beyond a certain level. Although alternatives such as CFCs have been developed, they cannot completely eliminate the destruction of the ozone layer because they have toxicity and ozone depletion potential. On the other hand, an aliphatic lower alcohol has a problem in drying property, and a solvent of ketones or ethers deteriorates an object to be cleaned such as plastics, so that it is not practical.

The present invention has been made in consideration of these problems, and is an azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition which does not destroy the ozone layer and has excellent cleaning and drying properties.
The purpose is to provide the cleaning agent.

[0006]

Means and Means for Solving the Problems The azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition of the present invention comprises octamethyltrisiloxane and propylene glycol tert-butyl ether (hereinafter referred to as PTB). The weight ratio of these octamethyltrisiloxanes to PTB is 53: 4.
7 to 55:45 is good. Further, in practical use, 45 to 60% by weight of octamethyltrisiloxane,
It can be used in the range of 55-40 wt% PTB, but stability as a solution, environmental changes such as temperature and humidity, PTB
It is desirable to use it in the form of an azeotropic composition due to the influence of impurities contained in.

In the present invention, a stabilizer can be added to the above composition. Examples of the stabilizer include aliphatic nitro compounds such as nitromethane, nitroethane and nitropropane, acetyl alcohols such as 3-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol and 3-methyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, and glycidol. , Epoxides such as methyl glycidyl ether, allyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, 1,2-butylene oxide, cyclohexene oxide, epichlorohydrin, dimethoxymethane, 1-2 dimethoxyethane, 1,
Ethers such as 4-dioxene and 1,3,5-trioxene, hexene, heptane, octene, 2,4,4-
Unsaturated hydrocarbons such as trimethyl-1-pentene, pentadiene, octadiene, cyclohexene, cyclopentene, allyl alcohol, 1-buten-3-ol,
Olefinic alcohols such as 3-methyl-1-buten-3-ol and acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and butyl acrylate may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition, these compounds and phenol, trimethylphenol, cyclohexylphenol, thymol,
Phenols such as 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, butylhydroxyanisole and isoeugenol, hexylamine, ventilamine, dipropylamine, diisopropylamine, diisobutylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine,
n-methylmorpholine, cyclohexylamine, 2,
Amine such as 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, N, N '-(diallyl-p-phenylenediamine), benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, chlorobenzotriazole It is also possible to use them in combination with triazoles such as, etc. As a property of these stabilizers, it is needless to say that they have a large effect of stabilizing the composition of the present invention. It is desirable to use a compound that is distilled off together with the above or a compound that forms an azeotrope.

The PTB simple component has a strong polarity and is excellent as a cleaning agent, but has a surface tension of 24.2 dyn / cm (2
(5 ° C.) and viscosity is 3.8 CSt (25 ° C.), and sufficient penetrating force cannot be obtained. On the other hand, octamethyltrisiloxane has a low surface tension of 17.8 dyn / cm (25 ° C.) and a viscosity of 1 CSt (25 ° C.) and has excellent penetrating power, but has a low dissolving power and its parameter KB value (Kauri). Butanol value) is 0 and the dissolving power is small. In the present invention, the characteristics of both PTB and octamethyltrisiloxane are effectively used by using a mixture thereof.

By the way, as the characteristics as a cleaning agent,
It is important that the liquid be easily managed and that it be easily recovered and reused. A solvent satisfying these conditions cannot be obtained simply by mixing the two components in an arbitrary ratio, and the two components always maintain the mixing ratio, that is, a state having an azeotropic point, that is, an azeotropic composition. Need to
Azeotropic compositions show a common boiling point different from each boiling point (preferably lower than each boiling point), and the composition of the gas during evaporation is the same as that of the mixed solvent and does not change the composition of the liquid Moreover, since they have a common boiling point, they have excellent properties such as an increase in vapor pressure and a rapid volatilization rate.
In the present invention, under normal pressure of 760 mmHg, octamethyltrisiloxane 55-52 wt%, PTB45-4
A composition ratio of 8 wt% results in azeotropy, and in order to obtain the above characteristics, this close composition ratio is good. The object to be cleaned is not particularly limited as long as the composition of the present invention does not attack the object to be cleaned such as corrosion and swelling and has no problem at a practical level.

The method using the composition of the present invention may be used as a cleaning agent for an object to be cleaned, or as a rinse liquid after the cleaning. It is also effective to add substances compatible with the composition of the present invention, for example, hydrocarbon solvents such as isoparaffin and naphthene, alcohols such as ethanol and isopropyl alcohol, or ketones, ethers and glycols. There is no particular limitation.

The composition of the present invention has a degreasing power equal to or higher than 1,1,1-trichloroethane and also has a drying property. In addition, the constituent octamethyltrisiloxane,
PTB is a substance that is less toxic to living organisms and is chemically stable. Moreover, since it is not a halogen-based substance containing chlorine or the like, it does not affect the ozone layer. Therefore, it is possible to provide a cleaning agent that is safe for the human body and the global environment and has excellent cleaning power.

[0012]

Example 1 Commercially available octamethyltrisiloxane has a purity of gas chromatography (GC1 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
As a result of analysis by 4A), it is at a level of 98%, and as impurities, siloxane or silane compound exhibiting a molecule from octamethyltrisiloxane, and siloxane or hydrocarbons having a higher molecule than octamethyltrisiloxane are contained. Of these, a polymer component higher than octamethyltrisiloxane may remain as a residue on the object to be cleaned, and thus the polymer component was removed. Distillation for this removal,
Distillation is the most effective method, although it is carried out by rectification, adsorption, etc. Further, PTB also has a purity of 99% level as a result of gas chromatography, and contains hydrocarbons, propylene glycol and the like as impurities.

In order to remove these impurities and to take out the azeotropic fraction, 400 g of a mixture of 200 g each of octamethyltrisiloxane and PTB was placed in a distillation flask and distilled using a rectification column having 20 theoretical plates. went. As a result, an azeotropic fraction was obtained at around 143 ° C to 144 ° C. Pre-use this with octamethyltrisiloxane: P
Calibration was performed at TB = 50: 50, but analysis was performed by cas chromatography (GC14A manufactured by Shimadzu). As a result, octamethyltrisiloxane is 55-
The composition was 52 wt% and PTB was 45 to 48 wt%. It was also confirmed at the same time that both high boiling point components were removed by distillation. In Table 1, octamethyltrisiloxane, PTB, and the surface tension of the composition of Example 1 (2
5 ° C.), viscosity (25 ° C.), and KB value.

[0014]

[Table 1]

[0015]

Second Embodiment In this embodiment, a case of applying to cleaning will be described. A glass lens and an aluminum plate are the objects to be cleaned,
Trade name Yusilon CG as centering oil for glass lenses
(Manufactured by Yushiro Kagaku Co., Ltd.) on the aluminum plate as cutting oil under the trade name Daphne Cleaner HS-5
Was applied and washed by the following method. First, the first
The mixture obtained in Example 1 was placed in a bath and ultrasonic waves (25K
(Hz, 300 W) was applied and washed. Similarly second
The mixture obtained in Example 1 was also placed in the tank and the third tank, washed while applying ultrasonic waves, and dried with warm air. In order to observe the finished state after washing, the contact angles before and after the stain application were measured. Further, as a comparative example, 1,1,1-trichloroethane was used instead of the composition of Example 1, and cleaning was performed in the same manner.
It was dried. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0016]

[Table 2]

[0017]

The azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of the present invention have excellent detergency without destroying the ozone layer, have no composition change due to evaporation, and have an excellent drying rate. It can exert an excellent effect as a cleaning agent.

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Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition comprising propylene glycol tertiary butyl ether and octamethyltrisiloxane. 2. A detergent comprising an azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition comprising propylene glycol tertiary butyl ether and octamethyltrisiloxane as an active ingredient.