JPH06200294A - Azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition and detergent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a detergent which does not cause ozonosphere depletion, has high detergency, and dries quickly. CONSTITUTION:This detergent contains as the active ingredient an azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition comprising propylene glycon ethyl ether and octamethyltrisiloxane. Each of the ether and the siloxane is not a halogen compound and is chemically stable. The composition dries quickly because it is azeotropic and azeotrope-like.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a substitute for chlorine-based degreasing detergents such as CFCs and trichloroethane, and can be used as precision parts for metal parts such as aluminum and iron, optical parts such as lenses and prisms, and electronic parts. The present invention relates to an azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition that can be suitably used for cleaning, and a cleaning agent therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a solvent for cleaning optical parts, electronic parts and the like, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,
2,2-trifluoroethane (Freon 113) and trichloroethane are used. This is because Freon 113 is nonflammable; has low toxicity to living organisms; plastic,
It does not corrode polymer materials such as rubber, but has selective solubility that it dissolves fats and oils; it has a fast drying rate; and so on. Trichloroethane also has excellent degreasing and detergency. , Because it is nonflammable.

On the other hand, various mixtures and azeotropic compositions have been developed in order to reduce the use amount of these chlorine-based solvents, to make them incombustible, and to improve the degreasing power. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-3180
JP-A-94 discloses a mixture of Freon 113, isopropyl alcohol, and methyl ethyl ketone as a cleaning solvent. Further, JP-A-2-289693 discloses an azeotropic composition of dichlorotetrafluoropropane (CFC 234) and an aliphatic lower alcohol such as ethanol. Furthermore, aliphatic lower alcohols such as IPA and ethanol, simple ketones such as acetone, and ethers are also being studied.

[0004]

However, the CFC 11
Chlorine solvents such as 3 and trichloroethane are chemically particularly stable, so they have a long life in the troposphere, diffuse and reach the stratosphere, where the chlorine radicals decomposed by sunlight cause a chain reaction with ozone. There is a need to reduce their use, as they awake and destroy the ozone layer. Therefore, as described above, a chlorine-based solvent such as Freon 113,
We are trying to reduce the amount used by developing an azeotropic composition with organic solvents other than chlorine-based solvents, but since chlorine-based solvents are essential, it is not possible to reduce the amount used to a certain extent. There is. Further, although an azeotropic composition with Freon 234, which has a relatively low ozone depletion property as compared with Freon 113, has been developed, it is impossible to completely eliminate the destruction of the ozone layer. On the other hand, an aliphatic lower alcohol has a problem in drying property, and a ketone-based or ether-based solvent deteriorates an object to be cleaned such as a plastic, so that it is not practical.

The present invention has been made in consideration of these problems, and is an azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition which does not destroy the ozone layer and has excellent cleaning and drying properties.
The purpose is to provide the cleaning agent.

[0006]

The azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition of the present invention comprises propylene glycol ethyl ether (hereinafter referred to as PE) and octamethyltrisiloxane. Further, the cleaning agent of the present invention contains the azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition having the above-mentioned constitution as an active ingredient.

Here, PE alone is excellent as a cleaning agent because of its strong polarity, but on the other hand, the surface tension is 2
It is as large as 8 to 29 dyn / cm (25 ° C.) and does not have sufficient permeability.

On the other hand, octamethyltrisiloxane has 25
It has a viscosity of 0.96 CSt at ℃, its surface tension is as small as 17.8 dyn / cm (25 ℃),
It has excellent penetrability, but its KB value (kauributanol value) is as small as 15 and its detergency is weak. In the present invention, these PEs and octamethyltrisiloxane are mixed to provide both advantages. In this case, in order to use it as a cleaning agent, it is necessary that the liquid management at the time of use is easy and that it can be easily recovered and reused. In order to satisfy such requirements, it is not enough to simply mix the both, and it is necessary to obtain a composition having an azeotropic point, that is, an azeotropic composition. The composition in the azeotropic state has a constant boiling point different from the boiling points of the individual components (this boiling point is preferably lower than the individual boiling points of the components), has a higher volatilization rate, and is vaporized. , Its composition or the proportion of distillate hardly change.

In the present invention, under 760 mmHg,
At a composition ratio of PE of 52.5 to 50.5 wt% and octamethyltrisiloxane of 47.5 to 49.5 wt%, the composition is in an azeotropic state. In order to obtain the above characteristics, a composition close to this composition ratio is preferable. In the present invention, it is also practical to use an azeotrope-like composition when considering the influence of water mixed in from the ambient environment and the influence of impurities contained in PE and octamethyltrisiloxane. . This azeotrope-like composition can be achieved at a composition ratio of 60 to 40 wt% PE and 40 to 60 wt% octamethyltrisiloxane.

In the present invention, a stabilizer may be added in addition to the above composition. The stabilizer is required to have a large effect of stabilizing the azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition, but those which are co-distilled by the distillation operation and those which form an azeotrope are preferable. Such stabilizers include aliphatic nitro compounds such as nitromethane, nitroethane and nitrobutane, acetylene alcohols such as 3-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol and 3-methyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, glycidol and methyl. Glycidyl ether,
Epoxides such as allyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, 1,2-butylene oxide, cyclohexene oxide and epichlorohydrin, ethers such as dimethoxymethane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,4-dioxene and 1,3,5-trioxene Unsaturated hydrocarbons such as hexene, heptane, octene, 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene, pentadiene, octadiene, cyclohexene, cyclopentene, allyl alcohol, 1-buten-3-ol, 3-methyl- Olefinic alcohols such as 1-buten-3-ol, acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and butyl acrylate, phenol, trimethylphenol, cyclohexylphenol, thymol, 2,6-di- t- butyl-4-methylphenol, butylhydroxyanisole, phenols such as isoeugenol and, hexylamine, Benchiruamin, dipropylamine, diisopropylamine, diisobutylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine,
Pyridine, n-methylmorpholine, cyclohexylamine, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, N,
Amines such as N'-diallyl-p-phenylenediamine, benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-
At least one kind or two or more kinds selected from triazoles such as 5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole and chlorobenzotriazole can be used.

The octamethyltrisiloxane and PE of the present invention as described above have little toxicity to the living body, are chemically stable, and have no effect on the ozone layer because they do not contain halogen such as chlorine. Have. In particular, propylene glycol-based alcohols are highly safe to the human body among alcohols, have a high dissolving power, and have excellent environmental safety characteristics. The objects that can be washed according to the present invention are not limited to a wide range of metal parts such as aluminum and iron, optical parts such as lenses, plastic parts, electronic parts, etc. If there is no such thing, other things can be washed.

[0012]

Example 1 The purity of octamethyltrisiloxane available on the market was 9 as a result of gas chromatography analysis.
It is at a level of 8.0% and contains, as impurities, a siloxane or silane compound having a lower molecular weight than octamethyltrisiloxane, a hydrocarbon-based compound that is less volatile than octamethyltrisiloxane, siloxane, and the like. Of these, impurities that are less likely to volatilize than octamethyltrisiloxane may remain as a residue on the object to be cleaned.
Components less volatile than octamethyltrisiloxane were removed by means such as distillation, rectification, and an adsorbent. 200 g of a mixture of 100 g each of this octamethyltrisiloxane and PE was placed in a distillation flask, and distillation was carried out under atmospheric pressure using a rectification column having 30 theoretical plates. By this distillation, an azeotropic fraction was obtained at 127 to 129 ° C. About 2 ml of this fraction was collected every 1 minute and analyzed by gas chromatography 10 times. It was found that octamethyltrisiloxane was 47.5 to 49.5 wt% and PE was 5%.
The composition was 2.5 to 50.5 wt%. Table 1 shows the surface tension (25 ° C.) and KB value of octamethyltrisiloxane, PE, the composition of Example 1.

[0013]

[Table 1]

[0014]

[Example 2] A glass lens and an aluminum plate are used as objects to be cleaned, and as stains, a centering oil (trade name "Yushiron CG" (manufactured by Yusilon Chemical Co., Ltd.)) is used for the glass lens, and a cutting oil (product is used for the aluminum plate. The name "Cut 201A" (manufactured by Mitsubishi Oil Co., Ltd.) was applied and washed by the following procedure. The composition obtained in Example 1 was filled in the first tank kept at room temperature, and the object to be cleaned was degreased while applying ultrasonic waves at 300 W and 28 KHz. The composition obtained in 1 was filled and degreased again while applying ultrasonic waves at 300 W and 28 KHz. Furthermore, the third tank at room temperature was filled with the composition obtained in Example 1, and 300 W, 28 K
After applying ultrasonic waves at Hz, cold air blowing was performed and drying was performed.
In order to observe the finished state after washing, the contact angles before and after the stain application were measured. Further, as a comparative example, washing and drying were performed in the same procedure using trichloroethane, and comparison with the washed product was also performed. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0015]

[Table 2]

[0016]

As described above, the azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of the present invention do not destroy the ozone layer, have no composition change due to evaporation, and have an excellent drying rate. It can be usefully used as a cleaning agent.

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Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition comprising propylene glycol ethyl ether and octamethyltrisiloxane. 2. A detergent comprising an azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition composed of propylene glycol ethyl ether and octamethyltrisiloxane as an active ingredient.