JPH06297195A - Multi-process forging press - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a multi-process forging press small in size and light in weight. CONSTITUTION:The eccentric part 2 of a crank shaft 1 is formed not with a single eccentricity but by unifying plural eccentric parts 2A, 2B, 2C,... which are provided with eccentric shafts OA, OB, OC with mutually shifted phase, and connecting rods 3A, 3B, 3C,... are connected to each eccentric part, and also, slides 4A, 4B, 4C,... are connected to each connecting rod. Since the phase of the eccentric shafts is shifted, the bottom dead point of each process corresponding to the same revolution of the crank shaft 1 is not incoincident but is reached staggeringly one after another, and the load is separately produced. In other words, instead of the structure strong enough to withstand the total loads of different processes in the case of all slides simultaneously reaching the bottom dead point, the structure is sufficient only if it withstands the maximum load among the different processes, so that the press is made light in weight.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a multi-step forging press which advances a plurality of forming processes by one apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the automation and efficiency of forging presses have been increasing more and more, and the use of multi-step forging presses in which a plurality of molding processes are simultaneously carried out by one apparatus has become widespread. This type of press, so-called transfer press, arranges multiple lower molds on the bed, while
The upper die of the forming order is suspended from each slide that moves up and down by the rotation of one crankshaft, and the forming is automated by combining with a transfer device that holds and moves the work in three dimensions between each die. Is performed. That is,
The work is sandwiched between the molds of the first step and pressed, and when one molding is completed, the transfer device is operated to grip and lift the work to move horizontally and transfer it to the next adjacent mold, Repeat the procedure of fitting into the lower mold, releasing it, and receiving the next pressure again, operating one forging press through multiple steps to consistently perform molding with a large processing ratio, so it is extremely work Highly efficient and productive work continues.

[0003] In this type of forging press, the mission of automation and high speed is strongly demanded, and as the technology advances, improvements for adding various functions have been proposed and put to practical use. For example, in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 55-42677, sizing, tamping and punching operations can be carried out continuously by a single forging press when forming and forging a cannonball, but the final drawing step is the forging press. Since the stroke capacity of No. 1 is insufficient in the press intended for the above-mentioned work, attention was paid to the problem that the work is transferred and changed by using another drawing press together. In this prior art, the tool attached to the press slide, such as a pull-out punch, is adapted to extend with respect to the slide, so that it is longer than the stroke of the slide. He therefore claims that for the formation of large shells, sizing, compaction, punching and drawing operations are performed consistently in a single forging press, eliminating the need for a separate press for drawing operations.

Further, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-28797, a mechanism for adjusting the lash is added to a plurality of plungers that move up and down by the rotation of one crankshaft. Rush means that the ram can limit its upstroke to the distance it travels before the plunger presses against the workpiece and is engaged for the pulling movement. That is, all of the plurality of molding operations are not based on a uniform pressing force, and naturally there should be some strength depending on the size of the processing ratio and geometrical factors. In order to deal with this variable element, the punch and other forming tools do not reverse immediately after each stage of forming process, but instead stay on the work for the adjusted length of time. On the other hand, it is said that various processing can be performed.
For this time adjustment, it is possible to adjust the gap size between the head and the drive unit for each of the plungers individually and set them independently, so it is possible to make an appropriate decision by checking the actual conditions of each process. ing.

[0005]

Although there are many conventional techniques already proposed and they are effective in solving individual fine problems, the number of molding steps can be increased by one forging press as much as possible. Despite the desirability of improving the total amount of processing ratio, there is one limitation for this purpose and no basic solution is presented for this problem.
That is, since the connecting rod fitted to the eccentric part is simultaneously moved up and down by being guided by the rotation of one crankshaft, and the slides suspended under the same are moved up and down at the same time to press several lined works at once. At this time, the load applied to the forging press is the sum of all the processing loads generated in the plurality of molds. This relationship will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. Assuming that three types of dies are lined up in one forging press and pressure molding in three steps proceeds simultaneously, the load generated in the first step is K1 and the second step is If the load generated is K2 and the load generated in the third step is K3, these press moldings proceed simultaneously, so the total amount of load generated in the entire forging press is the sum of the individual loads as shown in FIG. K1 + K2 + K
3 = KT. Naturally, as the number of processing steps increases, and as the forming ratio per step increases, the total value increases, and the rigidity of the forging press also needs to be extremely strong in order to withstand the enormous load. Becomes In the end, the forging press became huge and required a large installation area,
There is no choice but to add a large-scale content to other incidental equipment.
In recent years, the contents of molded products by forging presses generally tend to be more and more diverse, and the products molded by one machine also have a variety of appearances. It frequently loses its versatility because it loses its excessive ability. In particular, if a forged product that is manufactured with a small number of products and that can be molded with a light load is produced with an oversized equipment, the loss will be too large and the energy consumption rate will rise, productivity will be low, and there will be a large adverse effect on the manufacturing cost. Since there is a high concern that it will spread, it will be necessary to separately install forging presses for light loads in parallel.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a forging press which has a relatively small scale and an economical structure, although it has multiple steps.

[0007]

In a multi-step forging press according to the present invention, a plurality of connecting rods 3 are fitted to an eccentric portion 2 of a crankshaft 1 and a slide 4 is connected to each connecting rod 3 to form a crankshaft. With respect to the basic structure in which the slide 4 is moved up and down by the rotation of 1 to form a plurality of works respectively, the eccentric part 2 changes the phase with respect to the central axis O of the crankshaft 1, eccentric shafts OA, OB, OC ... The above-described problem is solved by forming a plurality of eccentric portions 2A, 2B, 2C ...

Further, in this structure, the crankshaft 1
Of the center axis O and the eccentric axis OA of the eccentric portion 2A, the plane PB including the center axis O and the eccentric axis OB of the eccentric portion 2B intersects at an angle α. It is a preferred embodiment that the plane PC including the eccentric axis OC intersects the "plane PB at an angle β, and the same relation holds for all the eccentric portions.

[0009]

FIG. 2 is an operation diagram showing the movement of the main parts for explaining the operation of the present invention. Further, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a time course of a load generated in the entire forging press when a load equivalent to that in FIG. 5 is generated in each forming process. As illustrated here, assuming that one forging press has three dies and is a multi-step press for advancing three steps, the eccentric part 2 of the crankshaft 1 does not have a single eccentric shaft. The three eccentric axes OA, OB, and OC, and the plane including O and OB forms an angle α with respect to the plane connecting the central axes O and OA of the crankshaft.
And the phases are shifted by this angle, the second and third steps are not carried out at the moment when the first step is carried out. The load on the entire forging press at this time is only the load K1 in the first step. The second step is carried out after the first step is completed and the crankshaft rotates by the angle α, and the load applied to the entire forging press at this moment is only the load K2 of the second step. When the second step is completed and the crankshaft rotates by the angle β, the third step begins and a load K3 is generated. In this way, since the respective moldings proceed continuously with a time lag, it is sufficient to assume that the maximum value of the load applied to the entire forging press is K3, which is the maximum value of the individual load.

[0010]

EXAMPLE An example of a multi-step forging press according to the present invention is shown in FIG. In the figure, a brake 11 is attached to one end of a crankshaft 1 and a clutch 12 is attached to the other end, and the clutch operates to rotate the crankshaft, and the brake operates to stop the crankshaft. The crankshaft 1 has three eccentric parts 2A, 2
B and 2C are integrally formed and connected. As shown in the exploded perspective view in FIG. 4, the large end side 31 of the connecting rod 3 is individually fitted into each eccentric part, and the slides 4 are inserted into the small end side 32 of the connecting rod via the pin 41. Slidably connected.

Eccentric shafts OA, OB, OC of the respective eccentric parts
2 is equidistant from the central axis O of the crankshaft as shown in FIG. 2, but they are located at different phases by an angle α and an angle β. When the crankshaft rotates in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2, first, the slide 4A reaches the bottom dead center and presses the work between the upper die 5A and the lower die 6A to form the work. When the crankshaft further rotates by the angle α, the slide 4B reaches the bottom dead center to form the work. When the crankshaft rotates by the angle β, the slide 4C reaches the bottom dead center and the work is formed. In this way, as the crankshaft rotates, the slides reach the bottom dead center one after another and perform molding one after another, but the moldings do not overlap in time, and they are individually separated at regular intervals. It operates and does not overlap. Assuming that the load generated in all the steps is the same, the load generated in the entire forging press is only 1/3 in this example as compared with the prior art.

[0012]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is a multi-step forging press that simultaneously advances a plurality of forming steps as described above. However, it is sufficient to set an extremely light load as compared with the conventional one. The structure can also be significantly reduced in weight accordingly. Theoretically, it can be recognized that if the load becomes 1/3, the material weight of the forging press can also be reduced by this ratio, so not to mention the manufacturing cost of the machine body, the accompanying equipment is also lightweight accordingly. And the installation area in the factory can be reduced. Or, conversely, if it is a forging press of the same scale as that of the conventional technology, it is possible to sufficiently process with a load that is several times the load of the conventional technology, and it can be said that it will lead to a significant increase in capacity even though it has the same mechanical strength structure. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an operation diagram of a main part of the same example.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the total amount of load generated in the entire forging press and the angle of the crankshaft in the same example.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing exploded parts of a crankshaft, an eccentric part, a connecting rod, and a slide of an embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a single load generated in each step of the related art and the angle of the crankshaft by (A), (B), and (C).

FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the load generated in the entire forging press and the angle of the crankshaft in the prior art.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 crankshaft 2 eccentric part 3 connecting rod 4 slide 5 upper mold 6 lower mold 11 brake 12 clutch 31 large end side (connecting rod) 32 small end side (connecting rod) 41 pin O center axis of crankshaft OA eccentric part 2A eccentric shaft OB eccentric shaft 2B eccentric shaft OC eccentric shaft 2C eccentric shaft K1 1st process load K2 2nd process load K3 3rd process load KT Forging press overall load

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Masato Domoto, 12-12 Kitahori, Nishi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Prefecture Kurimoto Iron Works Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takehiro Koga 1-12, Kitahori, Nishi-ku, Osaka No. 19 Kurimoto Ironworks Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Nobuo Wada 1-12-19 Kitahori, Nishi-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Kurimoto Ironworks Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of connecting rods 3 are fitted into an eccentric portion 2 of a crankshaft 1 to connect each connecting rod 3 with each other.
In a multi-step forging press that connects slides 4 and moves slides 4 up and down by the rotation of crankshaft 1 to form a plurality of workpieces, the eccentric portion 2 is phased relative to the central axis O of the crankshaft 1. Eccentric shaft OA, OB
A multi-step forging press, which is formed by combining a plurality of eccentric portions 2A, 2B, 2C ... Having OC. 2. The plane PB sharing the center axis O and the eccentric axis OB of the eccentric portion 2B with respect to the plane PA sharing the center axis O of the crankshaft 1 and the eccentric axis OA of the eccentric portion 2A in claim 1. The plane PC that intersects at an angle α and shares the central axis O and the eccentric axis OC of the eccentric portion 2C intersects the plane PB at an angle β, and the same relationship holds for all the eccentric portions. Forging press for multi-process.