JPH06292431A - Root crop harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable smooth harvesting of root crops by providing a root crop harvester with a mechanism to laterally push aside the stalk and leaf part of a root crop covering the soil between the ridges or the culturing rows of root crops or to cut the stalk and leaf part. CONSTITUTION:A root crop A of a field is lifted with a dig-up member 3 and the stalk and leaf B of the root crop A are pulled up by clamping with a pair of transfer members 7, 7 rotating in a state inclined to lift the rear part. In the root crop harvester having the above construction, a rotary cutting blade is placed in front of the transfer members 7, 7. The rear end of a leaf-dividing member 5 extending from the front part of the rotary cutting blade backwards is placed close to the transfer members 7, 7 and the leaf-dividing member is attached to a supporting rod of the rotary cutting blade.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary cutting sword and a branching body of a root crop harvester in which root vegetables are levitated by a dugout body and stalks are sandwiched and pulled up.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a root carrot is dug up from the soil of a field with a dugout attached to a traveling machine, and the root and leaf part is clamped and hung and conveyed before the root carcass is settled and tilted. As a root vegetable harvester having a body, for example, there are techniques disclosed in JP-A-2-49507 and JP-B-52-6207. Further, in these root vegetable harvesters, a pair of grass bodies was provided in front of the carry-in section in order to sequentially guide the row of cultivation of root vegetables to the carry-in section of the carrier.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned prior art, the stems and leaves of root vegetables are covered in the ridges and the center of the cultivation row, and when the excavated body pulled by the traveling machine moves, The roots and foliage of the root vegetables were entangled with the body and surrounding members, resulting in a large resistance, and foreign matter and weeds also resisted on the ground surface between the furrows, which made it impossible to smoothly dig the root vegetable harvester. Further, when the field is covered with the mulch film, it is necessary to cut the mulch film before the harvesting work, or to move the mulch film to one side, which requires a troublesome work.

[0004]

The problems to be solved by the present invention are as described above. Next, the means for solving the problems will be described. That is, in the root vegetable harvesting machine, in which the root vegetables in the field are floated by the excavated body, and the foliage of the root vegetables is sandwiched and lifted by a pair of conveyor bodies that are inclined and tilted backward obliquely upward in the front part of the conveyor bodies. It is equipped with a rotary cutting blade. Further, the rear end of the leaf body extending from the front to the rear of the rotary cutting blade is made to face the carrying-in portion of the carrier, and the leaf body is mounted on the support rod of the rotary cutting blade.

[0005]

Next, the operation will be described. When performing the root vegetable A harvesting work, the excavated body 3 on the right side of the traveling machine body 1, the leaf-dividing rod 5a on the left side, the rotary cutting blade (rotary cutting blade) 4a, and the leaf-dividing rods 5b and 5c on the right side, rotary cutting When the sword 4b is moved up and down so as to face both sides of the root vegetable A, and the traveling machine body 1 is advanced, the foliage B of the root vegetable A which is covered is separated in the furrows or the center of the cultivation row.・ 5b is scraped off, the rotary cutting swords 4a and 4b are cutting, and the excavation body 3 is root vegetable A.
To make it easier to dig. Similarly, when the soil is covered with mulch film C, the rotary cutting knife 4a
4b cuts the mulch film C or the like in the traveling direction, and the foliage B of the root vegetable A is guided to the carry-in section 8 of the carrier 7 by the branching rods 5a and 5c.

[0006]

Embodiments will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a root vegetable harvesting machine of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the same, FIG. 3 is a plan view of essential parts of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a first row harvesting operation when two rows are cultivated in one row. FIG. 5 is a front view showing the harvesting work in the second row.

1 to 3, the structure of the root vegetable harvesting machine of the present invention will be described. The excavation body frame 2 is mounted on the right side of the traveling machine body 1 so as to be able to move up and down by a parallel link mechanism 9 which is rotated by expansion and contraction of a hydraulic cylinder 23, and a skid body is attached to the lower end of the excavation body frame 2. The excavation body 3 having 3a is attached so that its vertical position can be adjusted, and the excavation body 3 can be rocked back and forth by a crank mechanism including a link mechanism 24 and a hydraulic motor 25. Further, a support frame 6 is fixed to the excavator frame 2, and left and right slidable and rotatable metal fittings 6a and 6a are attached to both ends of the support frame 6,
The rotary cutting blades 6b and 6c are fitted to the metal fittings 6a and 6a so as to be vertically rotatable and vertically and horizontally slidable, and the rotary cutting blades 6b are provided.
・ Rotating cutting blade (rotating cutting blade) 4a ・ 4 at the tip of 6c
b is rotatably supported. The rotary cutting sword 4a
Wider rings 4c and 4c smaller in diameter than the outer circumferences of the rotary cutting swords 4a and 4b are concentrically attached to the side surface of 4b so as not to sink. The front edge of the excavation body 3 is substantially aligned with the left and right positions of the rotary cutting blade 4b outside the machine body in the traveling direction substantially aligned with the axis of the idler 33. The support frame 6 is provided with a stopper 6d for defining the maximum depth of the excavated body 3.

On the right side of the traveling machine body 1 is a branching rod 5a.
5b and 5c are provided, and the dividing rod 5a on the inner side of the machine body is rod-shaped, is formed in a V shape in a top view traveling direction, and is rearwardly rising in a side view so as to surround the rotary cutting blade 4a on the inner side of the machine body. It is attached to the rotary cutting blade 6b. In addition, the leaf-dividing rod 5b on the outside of the machine body is formed in a cone shape, and the rod-like dividing rod 5c is fixedly installed.
It is attached to the rotary cutting blade 6c so as to surround it, and the rear ends of the leaf-dividing rods 5a and 5c are exposed to the carry-in section 8 described later.

Above the ski body 3a of the excavation body 3, there is provided a carry-in portion 8 of the conveyor bodies 7 and 7 for pulling up the excavated root vegetable A obliquely upward to the rear and transporting it from the front end to the rear end in the traveling direction. The carrier frame 13 is provided so as to extend upward in a tilted state, and the carrier frame 13 is provided so as to project to the side of a column 28 that stands upright on the right side of the driver seat 27 of the traveling machine body 1. The end of the arm 28b is mounted on the rear end of the arm 28a projecting rearward from the end of the arm 28b via a gate-shaped support frame 11 pivotally supported on the vertical axis 10 so that the position can be adjusted in the left-right width direction. And the horizontal axis 12 of the portal frame 11
-The tip is axially mounted via 12 so that the vertical position can be adjusted. That is, the gate-shaped support frame 11 is arranged in the rear part of the transport frame 13 in the shape of a gate in a rear view, and the shaft support part at the center of the upper part is pivotally supported by the vertical axis 10 of the arm 28a. The horizontal shaft 12, which is a shaft support part, is configured to support the rear part of the transport frame 13.

In order to adjust the lateral position of the transfer frame 13, the base of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is pivotally supported in the middle of the arm 28a.
The connecting rod 29 is connected to the end of a connecting arm 30 projecting forward from the right corner of the portal frame 11 by a connecting pin 29. A base of a hydraulic cylinder 32 is pivotally supported by a connecting pin 31 at an end of an arm 28b projecting to the right of the support column 28, and a rod portion of the hydraulic cylinder 32 is connected to the transfer frame 13 so as to move vertically. The position of is adjusted by expanding and contracting the hydraulic cylinder 32.

Sprockets 15 and 15 are arranged at the rear end of the carrying frame 13, and an idler 33 is provided at the front end.
33 are provided, and front guide rollers 17, 17 midway guide rollers 18, and rear guides are rotatably supported between the front, rear, left and right sprockets 15, 15 and the idlers 33, 33. A pair of transport bodies 7 and 7 that rotate inward in mutually opposite directions are rotatably wound via rollers 19 and 20. The carrier 7
-7 is the sprocket 15 driven by a hydraulic motor 21 arranged at the upper rear end of the transport frame 13.
When the 15 rotates, they are driven to rotate rearward at the same speed in synchronization with each other. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the carry-in section 8 of the carrier body 7 has an idler 33.3.
3 and the front guide rollers 17 are formed in a substantially V shape in a plan view, and are configured to be positionally adjustable in the left-right width direction independently of the excavated body 3.

At the rear end of the carrier 7, the carrying-out section 16 for carrying out the carried root vegetable A is formed, and below the carrying-out section 16 is supported by a belt frame 36. A horizontal conveyance belt 39 is stretched in a substantially horizontal left-right direction via rollers 37 and 38 to form a horizontal feed conveyor. A roller 40 made of an elastic body is arranged at the rear end position of the conveyors 7 on the front side of the lateral conveyor belt 39, and the lower end portion of the root vegetable A comes into contact with the roller 40 to cause resistance. By receiving the root vegetables A lateral conveyor belt 3
The carrying-out posture to 9 is configured to be constant.

Further, the screw 2 is attached to the tip of the column 28.
2 is screwed, and a handle 26 is fixed to the head of the screw 22. By operating the handle 26, the screw 22 is rotated so that the arms 28a and 28b are moved up and down, and the entire transport frame 13 can be vertically adjusted in position. It is possible to adjust the height difference between the carry-out section 16 of the carrier 7 and the lateral carrier belt 39.

A foliage cutting device 43 is attached to the left end side of the horizontal conveyor belt 39, and a rear conveyor belt 44 is arranged rearward on the end side surface. The horizontal conveyor belt 39 and the rear conveyor belt 44 are arranged on a work table 47 which is mounted on the rear portion of the traveling machine body 1 so as to be able to move up and down through a parallel link mechanism 46 which is vertically rotated by expansion and contraction of a hydraulic cylinder 45. A storage device 48 for storing the harvested root vegetables A is placed at the center of the work table 47.
The storage device 48 can be hung and hung on the ground by a crane 49 provided on the rear side of the traveling machine body 1 on the side opposite to the side on which the carriers 7, 7 are provided.

When the root vegetable harvesting machine configured as described above is used to harvest root vegetable A, as shown in FIG. 4, the excavated body 3 on the right side of the traveling machine body 1, the left weeding rod 5a, and rotary cutting are provided. The sword 4a is moved up and down to face the ridge on which the root vegetable A has been cultivated, and the right shunting rod 5b and the rotary cutting sword 4b are arranged to face the center of the row for cultivating the root vegetable A. Tow 3 Then, by driving the hydraulic motor 25 with the pressure oil supplied from the traveling machine body 1, the excavation body 3 vibrates via the link mechanism 24, the ski body 3a swings in the front-rear direction, and The root vegetable A in is digged up and surfaced. On the other hand, the hydraulic cylinder 32 is expanded / contracted by the pressure oil supplied from the traveling machine body 1 to adjust the vertical holding position of the carry-in portion 8 of the transfer body 7 · 7, and the hydraulic cylinder 14 is expanded / contracted to transfer the transfer body 7 · 7. The position of the widthwise direction of the portion 8 is adjusted so as to match the foliage B of the root vegetable A which is dug up the carry-in portion 8 without changing the positions of the transport bodies 7 and 7 and the lateral transport belt 39.

When the traveling machine body 1 is advanced,
At the center of the furrow or cultivation row, the shoots 5a and 5b scrape off the foliage B of the root vegetable A covering it, and the rotary cutting swords 4a and 4b cut it, so that the excavator 3 easily digs the root vegetable A. To Also, the soil is multi-film C
Similarly, the rotary cutting swords 4a and 4b also when covered with
Cuts the mulch film C or the like in the traveling direction, and the foliage B of the root vegetable A is guided to the carry-in section 8 of the carrier 7 by the dividing rods 5a and 5c. The depth of the soil cut by the rotary cutting blades 4a and 4b is regulated by the wide ring 4c. As shown in FIG. 5, the set position of the root vegetable harvester is such that the excavated body 3 on the right side of the traveling machine body 1, the weeding rod 5a on the left side, and the rotary cutting blade 4a are vertically moved to grow root vegetables A. You may arrange | position the sprocket 5b and the rotary cutting blade 4b on the right side to face the center and the ridge in which the root vegetable A was cultivated.

When the hydraulic motor 21 is activated,
Carriers 7 and 7 that rotate inward in mutually opposite directions
Rotate backwards at the same speed in synchronization with each other.
As a result, before the floating root vegetables A are settled down and tilted, the foliage B is clamped by the carriers 7 and 7 while being gathered at the center by the carry-in section 8 of the carriers 7 and 7 and the root vegetables A are hung. And then transported to the upper rear. Then, the lower end portion of the root vegetable A that is being hung and being conveyed comes into contact with the roller 40 to receive resistance, and the foliage B is sandwiched and conveyed by the conveying bodies 7 and 7,
The fall posture of the root vegetable A becomes constant, and the root vegetable A is unloaded from the unloading unit 16 onto the lateral transport belt 39.

Then, the sequentially conveyed root vegetables A are conveyed to the left side by the lateral conveyance belt 39, the foliage B is cut by the foliage cutting device 43, and the root vegetables A are conveyed backward by the rear conveyance belt 44, It is stored in the storage device 48 manually (or directly from the rear conveyance belt 44). When the root vegetables A are completely filled in the storage device 48 by successively performing the following processing, the storage device 48 is unloaded onto the field by the crane 49.

[0019]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. First, since the rotary cutting knife cuts the foliage of the root vegetables and the mulch film, which was used by the digger during the harvesting work, the digging body is free from the resistance of the foliage of the root vegetable and the mulch film. As a result, it is possible to dig up root vegetables smoothly without damaging them, and also to easily process mulch film or the like after harvesting.

Secondly, since the foliage of the root vegetables is guided and hung and conveyed without being leaked into the carrier by the branching rod, continuous harvesting of root vegetables can be ensured.
In addition, since the branch rod and the rotary cutting sword are supported by the same support frame, it can be attached to the root vegetable harvester with a simple configuration.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a root vegetable harvester of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is likewise an overall plan view.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of an essential part of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing the harvesting work in the first row when two rows are cultivated in one ridge.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing the harvesting work of the second row.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A root vegetables B stems and leaves 1 traveling machine body 2 excavated body frame 3 excavated body 3a ski body 4a, 4b rotary cutting blade 5a, 5b, 5c branching rod 6 support frame 6b, 6c rotary cutting blade

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A root vegetable harvester in which a root vegetable in the field is floated by a dugout body, and the foliage of the root vegetable is sandwiched and lifted by a pair of conveyors that rotate obliquely backward and upward. A root vegetable harvester characterized by having a rotary cutting blade at the front. 2. A rotary cutting blade disposed at the front end of a root vegetable harvesting machine is made to face the rear end of a leaf disc extending from the front to the rear of the transporter, and the leaf disc is rotationally cut. A root vegetable harvester characterized by being attached to the support rod of the blade.