JPH06277671A - Mechanism and process for raw sewage disposal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform the oxidative destruction for a substance to be oxidized in urine and control the generation of malodor by providing an electrolytic zone for applying the direct current to urine as electrolytic solution or electrolytic solution of higher productivity in a simple urinal lavatory. CONSTITUTION:A simple urinal lavatory built temporarily on a construction site or the like comprises a preliminary tank 2 for storing urine discharged into a urinal 1 and an adjusting tank 3 to which the urine in the preliminary tank 2 is fed by the given quantities, and common salt water is supplied from a common salt water supply tank 4 into the adjusting tank 3 to increase the conductivity of urine. The urine in the adjusting tank 3 is discharged out into a heating tank 6 by a pump P, anal the urine is evaporated by the operation of microwave irradiat mechanism or the like in the heating tank, and an electrolytic passage 5 provided with cathode electrodes on both sides of an anode is formed in the middle of a piping between the adjusting tank 3 and the heating tank 6. A substance to be oxidized (particularly ammonia) as a malodor source in the urine is oxidatively destroyed when the urine passes through the electrolytic passage to reduce the concentration.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a urine treatment mechanism and a urine treatment method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a small toilet for toilets is installed at a construction site or a construction site. Conventionally, the urine treatment mechanism or the urine treatment method adopted in this type of toilet has the following configuration. That is, it comprises a heating tank, a solid content filter, and a deodorizing catalyst tank. Urine is led from a urinal to a heating tank where it is evaporated. Since solids (inorganic components, etc.) are contained in the evaporated components, they are passed through a filter to remove them. This is to prevent clogging of the catalyst tank for deodorization in the next step due to the solid content in the evaporated component. Then, after deodorizing the odor in the evaporated component in the catalyst tank, it is exhausted and released into the atmosphere.

However, urine is first concentrated in the heating tank, and the concentrated urine that emits a strong odor evaporates. Therefore, even if the urine is passed through the deodorizing catalyst tank before being released into the atmosphere. However, it was difficult to sufficiently remove the strong odor from the evaporated components. That is, the conventional small-sized portable toilet has a problem that a foul odor is present around it.

[0004]

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a urine treatment mechanism and a urine treatment method in which a bad odor is less likely to drift than before.

[0005]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following technical means. (Means of the invention according to claim 1) The urine treatment mechanism of the present invention is characterized by comprising an electrolysis region for supplying a direct current to urine which is an electrolyte solution or an electrolyte solution having a higher conductivity. . (Means of the invention according to claim 2) In the urine treatment method of the present invention, a direct current is passed through urine which is an electrolyte solution or an electrolyte solution having a higher conductivity, whereby oxidizable substances in the urine are removed. It is characterized by comprising an electrolysis step of oxidative decomposition. (Means of the invention according to claim 3) In the urine treatment method of the present invention, by applying a direct current to urine that is an electrolyte solution or an electrolyte solution having a higher conductivity, nascent active oxygen generated thereby is generated. It is characterized by comprising an electrolysis step of reacting with an oxidizable substance in urine to oxidize and decompose this. (Means for carrying out the invention according to claim 4) The urine treatment method of the present invention is characterized by having a step of adjusting urine into an electrolyte solution having higher conductivity by dissolving salt in the urine. (Means for carrying out the invention according to claim 5) In the urine treatment method of the present invention, an appropriate amount of urine after the electrolysis step is fed back before the electrolysis step, and the amount of urine contained in the urine to be sent to the electrolysis step is reduced. And a step of diluting the concentration of the oxidizing substance. (Means of the invention according to claim 6) The urine treatment method of the present invention has a heating step of heating urine after the electrolysis step,
It is characterized in that by heating in this step, sodium hypochlorite produced in urine in the electrolysis step is decomposed into sodium chloride, which is fed back to the adjustment step.

[0006]

As a result of adopting the above means, the present invention has the following effects. (Operation of the invention according to claim 1) According to this urine treatment mechanism, when a direct current is applied to urine that is an electrolyte solution or an electrolyte solution having a higher conductivity in the electrolysis region, it is a source of odor in urine. Oxidized substances (especially ammonia) are oxidatively decomposed and their concentrations are reduced. Therefore, even if urine is heated and evaporated in the heating tank in the next step, the concentration of the odor source itself is greatly reduced. According to this urine treatment method, by applying a direct current to urine which is an electrolyte solution or an electrolyte solution having a higher conductivity, a odor source in the urine is thereby generated. Oxidizing substances (especially ammonia) are oxidatively decomposed and their concentrations are reduced. Therefore,
Even if you heat and evaporate urine in the heating tank in the next step,
The concentration of the odor source itself is greatly reduced. (Effect of the Invention According to Claim 3) According to this urine treatment method, by applying a direct current to urine that is an electrolyte solution or an electrolyte solution having a higher conductivity, nascent active oxygen generated thereby is generated. It reacts with oxidizable substances (especially ammonia), which is a source of odor in urine, and oxidizes and decomposes this to reduce its concentration. Therefore, even if urine is heated and evaporated in the heating tank in the next step, the concentration of the odor source itself is greatly reduced. (Operation of the invention according to claim 4) By dissolving salt in urine to form an electrolyte solution having a high electric conductivity, the generation of nascent active oxygen according to claim 3 in the electrode is promoted and oxidation reaction is carried out. To strengthen.

At this time, the following reaction also occurs in urine. 2Cl ^- → Cl ₂ + 2e ^- and _{Cl 2 + H 2 O → HClO} + HCl hydrochloric acid and hypochlorous acid generated was but that did not Azukara the oxidation reaction of the oxidizable material here neutralized with sodium hydroxide produced at the cathode It becomes sodium hypochlorite and salt. (Operation of the invention of claim 5) An appropriate amount of urine after the electrolysis step is fed back before the electrolysis step,
Since the urine diluted with the concentration of the oxidizable substance after the electrolysis process is treated in the electrolysis process according to the third aspect, the oxidizable substance after the oxidization treatment is further reduced. (Operation of the invention according to claim 6) Sodium hypochlorite, which is secondarily generated in urine in the electrolysis step, is converted into salt by hydrolysis in the heating step, and this salt is fed to the adjusting step.
By backing up, the amount of salt added in the adjusting step can be reduced.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The structure of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
In this example, a small-sized simple toilet having the following mechanism was formed to treat urine. A preliminary tank 2 that first stores the urine excreted in the urinal 1, an adjusting tank 3 to which the fixed amount of urine is sent from the auxiliary tank 2, and a saline supply tank 4 that supplies saline to the adjusting tank 3. An electrolysis passage 5 forming an electrolysis area (5) for urine, and a heating tank 6 for evaporating urine after passing through the electrolysis passage 5. Cleaning water is sent from the cleaning water tank 7 to the urinal 1 at the time of use.

The preliminary tank 2 is a tank for first storing a fixed amount of urine sent from the urinal 1 to the next step, and has sensors 20 above and below it. When the liquid surface 21 of the urine exceeds the lower sensor 20 position, the supply of urine to the next process is started by a fixed amount, and when it exceeds the upper sensor 20 position, a warning lamp indicating that the urine processing allowable amount is exceeded is turned on. A known liquid seal valve (not shown) is provided between the urinal 1 and the auxiliary tank 2 to prevent the odor of urine accumulated in the auxiliary tank 2 from flowing back to the urinal 1. . The spare tank 2 is empty at the beginning of use of the small toilet.

In the subsequent adjusting tank 3, in order to further increase the conductivity of urine and more efficiently reduce the concentration of the oxidizable substance in the urine in the subsequent electrolysis step, the saline solution from the saline solution supplying tank 4 is mixed. A sensor 20 is provided in the lower region of the saline supply tank 4, and when the liquid level of the saline falls from the sensor position, the saline supply warning lamp is turned on. Further, by returning the urine after passing through the electrolytic passage 5 to the adjusting tank 3 through the feed back route R again, the concentration of the oxidizable substance in the urine to be treated in the next electrolytic step is lowered.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the electrolytic passage 5
The cathode electrodes 51 are arranged on both sides of the anode electrode 50, and are formed between these electrodes. It should be noted that it is better to arrange a large number of anode electrodes 50 and cathode electrodes 51 and stack them to form a reciprocating continuous path for urine (not shown) and lengthen the electrolytic passage 5 to further reduce the substance to be oxidized. Connection is preferable. A packing 52 is interposed between both electrodes 50 and 51 to prevent a short circuit, and the packing 52 has a frame shape in which an inner part 53 is hollowed out except for an externally assembled part. The hollowed-out portion of the inside 53 forms the electrolytic passage 5. Both cathode electrodes 51
A stainless steel plate 56 is provided on the outer side of the casing via a packing 54 and a vinyl chloride plate 55.

Urine flows in from a hole H penetrating below one of the stainless steel plates 56, passes through a hole H penetrating each of the vinyl chloride plate 55 and the cathode electrode 51, contacts the anode electrode 50, and makes contact with the cathode electrode 51. Through the electrolytic passage 5 (a portion of the inside 53 of the packing 52) between the anode electrode 50 and the anode electrode 50, and through the hole H penetrating above the anode electrode 50 to reach the opposite surface of the anode electrode 50. The cathode electrode 51, the vinyl chloride plate 55, which are the same as those described above, pass through the electrolytic passage 5 (the portion 53 inside the packing 52) between the cathode electrode 51 and the anode electrode 50 on the opposite surface side.
The stainless steel plate 56 is discharged through holes (not shown) that pass through the respective lower parts. In this way, the anode electrode 50
A urine passage is formed between the cathode electrode 51 and the cathode electrode 51.

The heating tank 6 is provided with a known microwave irradiation mechanism (not shown) for evaporating urine after passing through the electrolytic passage 5. The frequency of microwaves is 2, 4
A radio wave used in a normal microwave oven having a wavelength of 50 megahertz and a wavelength of about 12 cm was used. The microwave was generated by a known oscillator called a magnetron M. When an oscillating electric field of microwaves is exerted, the frictional heat of the dielectric substance in urine causes heat generation and evaporation. The heating means is not microwave but high frequency, high frequency induction heating, seed heater, far infrared heater, petroleum fuel such as city gas, natural gas (including propane gas, petroleum decomposition gas, etc.), kerosene, light oil, etc. Other suitable methods such as a combustion heating device using Next, a method for treating urine will be described step by step. Adjustment process The urine excreted in the urinal 1 first collects in the preliminary tank 2 and is sent to the adjustment tank 3 in a fixed amount in order. In this embodiment, the capacity of the preliminary tank 2 is 40 liters. Adjustment tank 3
Is injected with saline from the saline supply tank 4 and mixed with urine. Electrolysis step While pumping urine into the electrolysis passage 5 between the anode electrode 50 and the cathode electrode 51, a direct current is passed through the urine. In this step, organic substances in urine are oxidatively decomposed by the anodic oxidation reaction. Urine after passing through the electrolytic passage 5 is separated into two systems, and one of them is returned to the adjusting tank 3 in front of the electrolytic passage 5 through the feed back route R. The other is sent to the heating tank 6 in the next step.

By the way, the average urine for one adult is about 1,
It has a water content of about 96.32.
%, Organic matter about 2.41%, and inorganic matter about 1.27%.
Then, when this is heated and evaporated as it is, about 3.68% of the inorganic matter and the organic matter become a solid content. Here, the organic substances in urine include urea, ammonia, uric acid, creatinine, glucose, hippuric acid, etc., and these oxidizable substances are converted into carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water in a short time by the strong oxidizing action of the anode electrode 50. Be disassembled.

The mechanism of such an oxidation reaction can also be explained from a known electrolytic oxidation process for industrially synthesizing phenols and quinones from benzenes. However, in this example, a complex organic matter having a considerably large molecular weight was decomposed into carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen gas in an electrolyte solution in a short time, and the mechanism of such an oxidation reaction has recently been studied. It is considered to be due to the action of active oxygen species such as nascent active oxygen, superoxide ion, peroxide ion, hydroperoxy radical, and hydroperoxide ion in the existing electrolyte.

That is, when an electric current is applied to the electrolyte solution, a kind of low temperature oxygen plasma-like state is generated in urine which is a liquid phase,
This includes active oxygen species and free electrons as described above,
It is presumed that these cause various oxidation reactions to non-volatile organic substances and oxidatively decompose to carbon dioxide and water via low molecular weight compounds, and ultimately only inorganic substances remain in the solution. To be done.

That is, it is considered that the oxidation reaction of this embodiment is due to the strong oxidative decomposition action of the oxygen active species in the electrode oxidation reaction. It is considered that organic matter in urine is oxidized by the following reaction involving nascent active oxygen. Ammonia: 2NH ₃ +3 (O) → N ₂ + 3H ₂ O Urea: H ₂ NCONH ₂ +3 (O) → N ₂ + 2H ₂ O +
CO ₂ uric acid: shown in Chemical formula 1.

[0018]

[Chemical 1]

Hippuric acid: 2C ₆ H ₅ -CONHCH ₂ CO
OH + 39 (O) → N ₂ + 9H ₂ O + 18CO ₂ glucose: C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ +12 (O) → 6H ₂ O + 6
CO ₂ creatinine: shown in Chemical formula 2.

[0020]

[Chemical 2]

Heating Step Next, the urine that has passed through the electrolytic passage 5 is sent to the heating tank 6 where it is heated by microwaves and evaporated to some extent. The odor source of the evaporated urine is decomposed in the electrolysis process, and a bad odor hardly occurs. The fan F exhausts the steam into the atmosphere.

In the heating step, the heated sodium hypochlorite is decomposed into sodium chloride, and therefore, the decomposed urine remaining in the heating tank 6 contains sodium chloride,
The salt is concentrated by repeating evaporation. The concentrated saline solution is returned to the adjusting tank 3. Next, examples will be described in more detail. The urine collected in the spare tank 2 is transferred to the adjusting tank 3 1
Supply at 2.5 cc / min. On the other hand, 25% saline solution is supplied from the saline supply tank 4 to the adjusting tank 3 at 12.5 cc / min, and a mixture of these is pumped at 1,150 cc.
A direct current of 10 A is passed through the electrolytic passage 5 while feeding it into the electrolytic passage 5 at a flow rate of / min. The voltage at this time was 5.5V. Then, the urine in which the oxidizable substance is reduced after passing through the electrolytic passage 5 is returned to the adjusting tank 3 on the front side of the electrolytic passage 5 by the feed back route R at a flow rate of 1,100 cc / min, and then to the electrolytic passage 5. The concentration of oxidizable substances in the urine to be sent was diluted.
Then, the remaining urine having a flow rate of 50 cc / min was supplied to the heating tank 6, where the decomposed urine was microwaved to be evaporated. The high frequency output used at this time was 500W.
It was evaporated until the volume became about 30% of the whole. Most of the oxidizable substances in urine have been decomposed, and there is no odor,
Further, since sodium hypochlorite was decomposed during heating to generate sodium chloride, a concentrated saline solution was obtained. This concentrated saline solution was supplied to the adjusting tank 3.

In this way, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen contained in the urine, the chemical oxygen demand (COD value), and the biological oxygen demand before the urine treatment and after the passage of the electrolysis passage 5 after a certain period of time has passed. (BOD value) and pH were measured. The results are shown in Table 1. Each value drastically decreases after 30 minutes, and it can be seen that the oxidation of the substance to be oxidized takes place very quickly.

[0024]

[Table 1]

Here, a catalyst tank (not shown) for decomposing hypochlorous acid generated in urine in the electrolytic passage may be provided between the electrolysis zone and the heating tank. Hypochlorous acid remains in the urine after passing through the electrolytic passage 5, and the hypochlorous acid becomes salt when it reacts with the nickel peroxide catalyst described below in the catalyst tank. A nickel peroxide catalyst can be used as the catalyst. For example, nickel trioxide hydrate (Ni ₂ O ₃ .H ₂ O)
Alone or as a trihydrate of nickel trioxide (Ni ₃ O ₄ .
H ₂ O) and / or nickel dioxide hydrate (NiO _2.
A mixture of H ₂ O) as an active ingredient can be used.

By the way, in comparison with the following comparative example, it is considered that nascent active oxygen is generated and oxidatively decomposes the oxidizable substance in urine in the treatment of the above-mentioned embodiment. Comparative Example Commercially available sodium hypochlorite (concentration 12%) was added to the urine to be treated at a ratio of 1 cc to 1 liter of urine and stirred for about 30 minutes, and then the COD value and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen were measured. . Then, the COD value was the initial value of 5,80.
Only reduced from 0ppm to 5,200ppm,
The concentration of ammonia nitrogen is from the initial 540 ppm to 1,
It had changed to 335 ppm. After that, when measured with time, the COD value and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen gradually decreased with the passage of several hours. Where 30
The concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen increased once after the lapse of minutes, but this is due to carbon dioxide in the process of gradually decomposing urea, uric acid, etc. due to the relatively weak oxidizing action of sodium hypochlorite. It is considered that ammonia is generated as an intermediate product before reaching the final decomposition products such as nitrogen gas and the like.

By the way, sodium hypochlorite decomposes with time to oxidize the substance to be oxidized in urine, but the decomposition rate thereof is extremely slow over several hours as described above. On the other hand, in the treatment method of this embodiment, the oxidative decomposition of the substance to be oxidized occurs very quickly as shown in the results of the above-mentioned embodiment. That is, in comparison with the slow decomposition in the case of simply adding sodium hypochlorite and stirring, nascent active oxygen was generated at a very fast rate in the case of the treatment method of this example. It is considered to be involved in the oxidative decomposition of substances.

According to this embodiment, there are the following advantages. (1) In the electrolysis process, urine is decomposed into carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water by the strong oxidizing action of active oxygen species by the electrode oxidation reaction, and then it is heated and evaporated to be exhausted and released into the atmosphere. It is harmless and has almost no odor. (2) Even if infectious bacteria and viruses are mixed in urine, they are almost completely sterilized by the strong oxidizing action in the electrolysis process and the action of hypochlorous acid produced in this process. Exhaust is released after doing so, it is excellent in environmental hygiene. (3) Since the weight ratio of the waste solid content remaining after heating and evaporating the urine before treatment is about 1.5%, it is possible to significantly reduce the volume from the initial amount and to dispose of it at the time of disposal. It is hygienic and has almost no foul odor and no risk of infection.

[0029]

【The invention's effect】

(Effects of the Invention According to Claims 1 to 4) The present invention has the above-mentioned configuration and has the following effects.
Since the concentration of the odor source itself (in particular, ammonia) is extremely reduced, it is possible to provide a urine treatment mechanism or a urine treatment method in which a bad odor is less likely to drift than before. (Effect of the invention according to claim 5) In addition to the above effects, the substance to be oxidized after the oxidation treatment is further reduced. (Effect of the invention according to claim 6) In addition to the above effects, the amount of added salt in the adjusting step can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system flow chart explaining an embodiment of a urine treatment mechanism and a urine treatment method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system flow diagram mainly illustrating the electrolytic passage of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the structure of the electrolytic passage of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 5 electrolysis area

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A urine treatment mechanism comprising an electrolytic region for supplying a direct current to urine which is an electrolytic solution or an electrolytic solution having a higher conductivity. 2. The method comprises an electrolyzing step in which a direct current is applied to urine, which is an electrolyte solution or an electrolyte solution having a higher conductivity, to oxidize and decompose an oxidizable substance in the urine. Urine treatment method. 3. By applying a direct current to urine which is an electrolyte solution or an electrolyte solution having a higher conductivity, nascent active oxygen generated thereby reacts with an oxidizable substance in urine and oxidizes it. A urine treatment method comprising an electrolysis step of decomposing. 4. The urine treatment method according to claim 2, further comprising a step of adjusting the urine into an electrolyte solution having a higher conductivity by dissolving salt in the urine. 5. A step of feeding back an appropriate amount of urine after the electrolysis step before the electrolysis step to dilute the concentration of the oxidizable substance in the urine to be sent to the electrolysis step. The method for treating urine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, which is characterized in that. 6. The method further comprises a heating step of heating urine after the electrolysis step, wherein heating in this step decomposes sodium hypochlorite produced in the urine in the electrolysis step to form salt. The method for urine treatment according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising feeding back to the adjusting step.