JPH06261955A - Smoke prevention device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent diffusion of smokes to an evacuation passage using a smoke preventing device, which hinders smoke intrusion through pressurized feeding of a fresh air into a building concerned, by introducing the air around the ground surface to a pressurizing device in the event of fire by an air introducing device, and keeping the inside of the building in a positive pressure state with the air supplied. CONSTITUTION:Smoke preventing device concerned 6 is furnished on a building which is equipped on each side with a staircase 2 to be used as an evacuation passage, wherein a fireproof door is installed at the doorway of each floor to the staircase 2. A plurality of such smoke preventing devices 6 are furnished on the exterior wall of each staircase 2 and actuated when a fire occurs in the building and smoke sensor in staircase 2 has sensed the smoke. That is, a release 13 is energized and a retaining door 12 is opened, and a duct 11 folded in the form of bellows is sunk onto the ground and elongated, and a grounding ring 16 furnished with an opening 17 for inhaling the air near the ground is grounded. In this condition, a pressurizing device 7 consisting of a fan 9 is driven, and a fresh air is supplied into the staircases 2 so that insides thereof are held under the positive pressure condition, and thereby smokes are hindered from intruding.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a smoke proof device for preventing smoke from entering by supplying pressurized air from the outside to an evacuation route such as a stair room partitioned by a fire door in case of fire.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this type of smoke preventive device forms a fireproof compartment with a fireproof door to secure an evacuation route when smoke is generated by a fire, and prevents smoke from entering the evacuation route such as a staircase. I try to prevent the spread. However, in such a conventional smoke control device, smoke leaks from the gap between the fire doors that form the fire protection compartment, so it is not possible to completely prevent the smoke generated during a fire, so that it cannot be used in staircases, etc. There was a problem that smoke was diffused.

In order to solve this problem, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4
As shown in No. 9-77495, an air outlet is provided at the bottom of the wall of the evacuation passage on each floor of the building, and in the event of a fire, pressurized air is supplied to the evacuation route from the blower installed on the rooftop to make the evacuation route a positive pressure. It is known to keep. Further, other smoke preventive devices include, for example, JP-A-3-286784 and JP-A-3-286784.
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 286785, it is also known that pressurized air is supplied into the elevator chat or the elevator box to prevent smoke from entering.

Further, even in an existing building, a pressure device is installed on the outer wall surface of the staircase as a simple smokeproof device for preventing smoke from entering by keeping the staircase, which is an evacuation route, at a positive pressure. However, in the event of a fire, it is also considered to inhale air from the outside of the building and supply it under pressure to the staircase.

[0005]

However, when it is attempted to inhale air from the outside of the building to maintain a positive pressure in the staircase or the like, the smoke blowing out from the lower floor is sucked and the staircase is smoked. There is a risk that it may diffuse, and there was a problem that it could not exert a sufficient smoke prevention function. The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and even if smoke caused by a fire is blown out, it is possible to pressurize fresh air from the outside to prevent the invasion of the smoke. It is an object of the present invention to provide a smoke prevention device that can be used.

[0006]

To achieve this object, the present invention is constructed as follows. The present invention is a smoke prevention device for pressurizing and supplying air into a building to prevent smoke from entering, and a pressurizing device for supplying air sucked from the outside of the building during a fire to the inside of the building to maintain a positive pressure. And an air introducing device for introducing fresh air near the ground into the pressurizing device in the event of a fire.

Here, the air introducing device is provided with an expandable duct, and in a steady state, the duct is held on the suction side of the pressurizing device in a contracted state. It is equipped with a mechanism that lowers it to near the ground. Further, the duct is provided with at least a duct main body made of a smoke-proof sheet, a plurality of ring members provided at predetermined intervals in the duct main body to secure an internal passage in a lowered state of the duct at the time of a fire, and provided at the tip of the duct. It is composed of a grounding ring having an opening around which the duct is dropped in the event of a fire and which introduces air while being in contact with the ground.

[0008]

According to the smoke preventive device of the present invention, the holding of the duct of the air introducing device housed in a compressed state on the suction side of the pressurizing device exposed to the outside of the building is released in the event of a fire. Down to the ground by its own weight. Therefore, even if smoke from a fire blows out from the lower floor due to the installation location of the pressurizing device, fresh air near the ground with almost no smoke diffusion is introduced through the descending duct to pressurize the stairs. Can be supplied.

Even if the tip of the duct contacts the ground,
Since the grounding ring provided at the tip of the duct has an opening on the side surface, fresh air can be introduced without problems.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a building equipped with a smoke proof device of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the building has floors from the first floor to the fourth floor, and stair rooms 2 and 3 are provided on both sides. Since the staircases 2 and 3 are used as evacuation routes,
Fire doors 4 are installed at the entrances and exits of the staircases 2 and 3 on each floor. The fire door 4 is normally held in an open state, and in the event of a fire, the fire door release operation releases the hold to open the staircase 2,
It will divide the passage to 3. Even if the fire door 4 is in the closed state, it can be artificially opened to pass to the staircases 2 and 3. An evacuation door 5 is provided on the outer wall side of the staircases 2 and 3 on the first floor, and the evacuation door 5 can be passed from the staircase to the outside.

A smoke detector 1 is installed on the ceiling of each floor and the staircases 2, 3 partitioned by the fire door 4. The smoke sensor 1 provided on each floor is used to drive the fire door 4 to close. Further, the smoke detector 1 provided in the staircases 2 and 3 is used for controlling the smoke preventive device in the present invention. The smoke prevention device 6 of the present invention is installed on the outer wall side of the staircases 2 and 3. In this building, two smoke prevention devices 6 are installed on the second and fourth floors of the staircases 2 and 3. Further, a pressure sensor 25 is installed in the staircases 2 and 3 corresponding to the smoke prevention device 6.
The smoke preventive device 6 pressurizes and supplies air from the outside so that the pressure in the staircases 2 and 3 becomes a very slight positive pressure by the sensor output of the pressure sensor 25 at the time of fire.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a first embodiment of the smoke preventive device 6 of the present invention installed in the building shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the smoke preventive device is a pressurizing device 7 that is opened to the inside of the wall surface 19 of the staircase 2 and is exposed to the outside, and an air introducing device installed below the pressurizing device 7 that is exposed to the outside. 10
Composed of. A fan 9 driven by a motor 8 is provided inside the pressurizing device 7 to supply air from the outside to the staircase 2 under pressure.

The air introducing device 10 accommodates an expandable duct 11 in a contracted state, and a holding door 12 is rotatably provided on a lower side of the duct 11 by means of a hinge 26. The holding door 12 is closed when stopped. Figure 3
Shows the operating state of the smoke proof device of FIG. 2 during a fire. At the time of fire, if the release 13 provided on the air introducing device 10 side shown in FIG. 2 is operated to open the holding door 12 downward,
The duct 11 housed inside descends to the state shown in FIG.

The duct 11 has a cylindrical duct body 14 made of a sheet material such as cloth, and the duct body 14 is provided with rings 15 at regular intervals.
In this state, the duct body 14 is prevented from being crushed and the air passage can be secured inside. Also duct 1
A grounding ring 16 is attached to the tip of the grounding ring 1.
6 serves as a weight for lowering the duct 11.

Further, the ground ring 16 has an opening 17 around the periphery.
As shown in the drawing, air can be introduced from the surrounding opening 17 even when the tip of the duct 11 is in contact with the ground. The duct body 14 of the duct 11
As the sheet material used in the above, a cloth sheet having heat resistance and smoke impermeability that does not allow smoke to pass is used. For example, polyester, vinylon, or a cotton mixed spinning cloth of which the surface is coated with a heat-resistant rubber mixed with aluminum powder can be used. Also, the duct 11
Heat resistance is not particularly required in order to reduce the weight of the product itself, and a fine cloth sheet having smoke shielding properties for blocking inflow of smoke, preferably a flame retardant cloth sheet may be used.

The length when the duct 11 is further lowered may be the length at which it touches the ground, as shown in FIG.
Even if the tip does not touch the ground, the length may be such that the tip falls to a position close to the ground. Since the duct 11 is located near the ground in this descending state, the smoke flows upward even if smoke is emitted from the building, and there is almost no smoke in the opening of the descended duct 11 near the ground. It is possible to introduce fresh air into the pressurizing device 7 through the and to supply pressure to the staircase 2.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a second embodiment of the smoke proof device of the present invention installed in the building of FIG. In the smoke preventive device of the second embodiment, in the air introducing device 10 provided downward on the exposed portion of the pressurizing device 7, the holding door is not used unlike the first embodiment of FIG. The holding fittings 18 are provided at two positions on both sides of the grounding ring 16 provided at the tip of the duct 11, and the tip of the holding fitting 18 is locked and held by the release 13.

Therefore, in the event of a fire, the release 1
When the retaining bracket 18 is unlocked by the operation of 3, the duct 1
1 descends downward as shown by an imaginary line, and as in the case of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3, fresh air near the ground is introduced into the pressurizing device 7 and pressurized and supplied to the staircase 2. be able to.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a third embodiment of the smoke preventive device 6 of the present invention installed in the building of FIG. In the third embodiment, the air introducing device 10 is exposed laterally and exposed to the outside on the suction side of the pressurizing device 7 installed penetrating the wall surface 19 of the staircase 2.
Has been installed. Air introducing device 10 for pressurizing device 7
As for the mounting, the lower side is rotatably mounted by the hinge 26, and the upper side is locked by the release 13. A holding door 12 is provided at the opening of the air introducing device 10 so as to be openable and closable by a hinge 26.

In the operation of the smoke preventive apparatus according to the third embodiment of FIG. 5, when the plunger of the release 13 is actuated to release the latch when a fire is detected, the air introducing apparatus 10 rotates downward about the hinge 27. , The holding door 12 is pushed open, and the duct 11 having the grounding ring 16 at its tip is lowered by its own weight,
It is possible to introduce fresh air from around the ground and pressurize and supply it into the staircase 2 by the pressurizing device 7.

In the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the size L of the smoke proof device protruding from the wall surface 19 to the outside can be reduced. That is, in an existing building, the space between adjacent buildings may be small, and in the first embodiment of FIG. 2 and the second embodiment of FIG. 4, the amount of protrusion from the wall surface 19 is large. It may not be installed. In this case, by using the smoke preventive apparatus of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to perform installation with a small pop-out dimension L.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the control system of the smoke preventive device 6 of the present invention installed in the building of FIG. 1 together with the fire system.
In FIG. 7, a central monitoring device 20 is installed in an administrator room or the like, and the central monitoring device 20 includes a fire reception control unit 21 and a smoke prevention control unit 22. The smoke detector 1 and the heat detector 23 are connected to the detector line 30 drawn from the fire reception control unit 21 of the central monitoring device 20. In addition, a fire door release 24 is installed for each floor on the control line 31 drawn from the fire reception control unit 21.

On the other hand, control lines 32, 33 and a signal line 34 are drawn out from the smoke prevention control section 22 provided in the central monitoring device 20, and the motor 8 of the pressurizing device provided in the smoke prevention device is connected to the control line 32. The control line 33 is connected to the release 13 of the air introducing device provided in the smoke proof device. Further, the signal line 34 includes a pressure sensor 25 installed in the staircases 2 and 3.
Are connected.

In the control operation at the time of fire in FIG. 7, first, when the smoke detector 1 installed on any floor detects a fire, the fire reception control section 21 of the central monitoring device 20 issues a fire alarm. At the same time, a release drive signal is output to the control line 31, and the fire door releases 24 provided on all floors are operated at the same time. As shown in FIG. 1, the fire doors 4 on each floor are closed and the stair rooms 2, 3 Will be separated from each floor as an evacuation route.

At the same time, a fire signal is given from the fire reception control section 21 to the smoke prevention / exhaust control section 22, and in response to this fire reception signal, the smoke prevention / control section 22 outputs a drive signal to the control line 33 to release 13. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4 or FIG. 6, the release 13 releases the holding of the duct 11 and lowers it toward the ground. At the same time, the motor 8 of the pressurizing device 7 is driven from the control line 32, and the air introduced from the duct lowered near the ground is pressurized and supplied to the staircases 2 and 3.

The pressure of the staircases 2 and 3 is detected by the pressure sensor 25.
The air pressure of the motor 8 is controlled so that the air pressure in the staircases 2, 3 detected by the pressure sensor 25 becomes slightly positive if the air supply amount by the pressurizing device can be variably controlled. I do. As a result, in the event of a fire, the staircases 2 and 3 are kept at a positive pressure, and it is possible to reliably prevent smoke from entering through the gap of the fire door 4.

Further, even if smoke is blown outside, the duct 11 of the smoke preventive device 6 is lowered to near the ground to introduce fresh air. Therefore, even if smoke is blown outside the building It is possible to reliably prevent smoke from diffusing into the staircase by pressurized supply. In the above embodiment, the staircase is used as an example of the compartment for holding a positive pressure in the event of a fire by the smoke prevention device of the present invention, but the compartment is not limited to the staircase, and an appropriate evacuation route may be used. Can be targeted.

In the above embodiment, the fire detection signal from the smoke detector is received by the fire reception control unit, and the smoke emission control unit operates the smoke prevention device after the fire alarm is issued. A smoke detector or smoke concentration sensor dedicated to the smoke device may be provided so as to be activated in the event of a fire. Furthermore, in order to reliably maintain a positive pressure in the staircase and other compartments with a smoke prevention device, pressure sensors are provided in the staircase and the floor, which are partitioned by fire doors.
It is desirable to control the fan of the pressurizing device so that the positive pressure is obtained from the pressure difference between the two pressure sensors.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, in order to maintain the positive pressure in the evacuation route such as the staircase by supplying the air introduced by lowering the duct near the ground at the time of fire to the room. Even if smoke blows out of the building due to a fire, fresh air can always be introduced from near the ground, and it is possible to prevent smoke from being sucked from the outside and spread to the evacuation route such as staircases. The reliability and safety of the device can be further improved.

Further, since the smoke preventive device of the present invention need only be installed on the outer wall of the section where smoke is to be prevented, it can be easily installed even in an existing building and can be realized at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a building equipped with a smoke prevention device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the first embodiment of the smoke proof device of the present invention in a stored state.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state of use of the smoke prevention device of FIG. 2 in the event of a fire.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a second embodiment of the smoke proof device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a third embodiment of the smoke proof device of the present invention in a stored state.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of use of the smoke preventive apparatus of FIG. 5 during a fire.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a control system of the smoke prevention device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Smoke detector 2, 3: Staircase 4: Fireproof door 5: Evacuation door 6: Smokeproof device 7: Pressurizing device 8: Motor 9: Fan 10: Air introduction device 11: Duct 12: Holding door 13: Release 14: Duct main body 15: Ring 16: Grounding ring 17: Opening 18: Holding metal 19: Wall surface 20: Central monitoring device 21: Fire reception control unit 22: Smoke prevention control unit 23: Heat sensor 24: Fire door release 25 : Pressure sensor

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A smoke prevention device for preventing smoke from entering by pressurizing and supplying fresh air into a building, and supplying air sucked from the outside of the building at the time of a fire to maintain a positive pressure. A smoke preventive device comprising: a device and an air introducing device for introducing air near the ground into the pressurizing device in case of fire. 2. The smoke preventive device according to claim 1, wherein the air introducing device includes a retractable duct, and in a steady state, the duct is contracted and held on the suction side of the pressurizing device. In addition, a smoke preventive device comprising a mechanism for releasing the holding of the duct in the event of a fire and lowering it to near the ground by its own weight. 3. The smoke preventive apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the duct is a duct main body made of at least a smoke barrier sheet, and the duct is provided at predetermined intervals in the duct main body in case of fire. Equipped with a plurality of ring members that secure the internal passage in the lowered state, and a grounding ring that is provided at the tip of the duct and that lowers the duct to the ground in the event of a fire and that has an opening around the opening that introduces air while in contact with the ground A smoke prevention device characterized in that