JPH0621714B2 - Engine heat pump device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention prevents an overload due to a rise in intake air temperature to an evaporator, and uses an engine utilizing solar heat to operate at high output and high efficiency. -It relates to a heat pump device.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, an engine / heat pump device using a so-called solar collector utilizing solar heat is excellent in energy saving and is used in a hot water pool facility or the like. In this engine heat pump device, the evaporator is disposed inside the solar collector, and as shown in FIG. 4, for example,
A heat collecting plate 2 is provided above the building ceiling 1, a heat storage space 3 is formed between the building ceiling 1 and the heat collecting plate 2, and an evaporator 4 is arranged in one of the heat storage spaces 3. A plurality of fans 5 are provided, and an outside air intake 6 is provided on the other side. Then, the fan 5 sucks the outside air through the outside air inlet 6, introduces it into the heat storage space 3, further flows it to the evaporator 4, and discharges it again into the atmosphere. This engine heat pump device has a feature that a high output can be obtained even in winter, and therefore the engine load becomes maximum when the intake air temperature is relatively low. However, in the summer and the like, the temperature of the intake air to the evaporator 4 becomes abnormally high due to the strong sunlight, so that the operating pressure of the refrigerant becomes high and the compressor and the engine may be overloaded. For this reason, conventionally, in order to prevent overload, the temperature of intake air to the evaporator 4 is detected, the number of operating fans 5 is changed, and the capacity of the evaporator 4 is controlled stepwise. .

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in such a conventional engine / heat pump device, the heat exchange amount is reduced due to the decrease in the number of operating fans 5 and the intake air temperature is high. There is a problem in that the efficiency of the refrigerant cycle is reduced as well as the decrease. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are diagrams showing the engine load (or hot water supply capacity) and the number of fan operations with respect to the intake air temperature to the evaporator, respectively. In these figures, when the number of operating fans is constant, the engine load increases as the intake air temperature rises, A represents the case where the intake air temperature is low, as in winter, and point B represents the operation of the fan. It shows the case where the number of units is b and the intake air temperature is relatively high and the maximum hot water supply capacity is being exhibited. By promoting the evaporation of the refrigerant, the compressor intake pressure becomes high and the engine and compressor become the maximum load at point B. , At this point, in order to reduce the engine load, the case where the hot water supply capacity is lowered by reducing the number of operating fans from b to c is shown.
Point is the same hot water supply capacity as point B when the intake air temperature rises to the maximum, that is, the operating point at the maximum load of the engine.

Incidentally, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-80159 discloses a conventional technique relating to an engine / heat pump device in which the capacity control range is widened, but this conventional technique does not prevent overload.

The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, in summer, etc., while preventing the overload even when the intake air temperature to the evaporator is high, it is possible to improve the hot water supply capacity, etc., and It is an object of the present invention to provide an engine heat pump device using solar heat that can operate with high efficiency.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an engine / heat pump device in which air flowing through a storage space for solar heat is blown to an evaporator for heat exchange. A discharge port is provided on the downstream side of the evaporator, a circulation passage that connects the upstream side and the downstream side of the evaporator is provided, and a detection body that detects the temperature of intake air to the evaporator is provided. On the downstream side of the evaporator, when the intake air temperature detected by the detector is equal to or higher than the temperature at which the load of the engine or the like becomes maximum, the circulation passage is opened and the discharge port is closed to operate the evaporator. A damper is provided to circulate a part or all of the passaged air to the upstream side of the evaporator through the circulation passage.

[Operation] With the above configuration, the damper is operated by the signal of the detector that detects the temperature of the intake air to the evaporator to circulate a part or all of the air passing through the evaporator to the upstream side. In winter, when the intake air temperature is low, the damper does not operate and the air that has passed through the evaporator is directly discharged to the outside. Since the intake air temperature is low during the winter, the engine is not overloaded. On the other hand, during summer when the temperature of the intake air is high, the detector detects the temperature at which the load on the engine or the like becomes maximum, and the damper operates. Then, a part or all of the air cooled by passing through the evaporator flows through the circulation passage and is returned to the upstream side to cool the intake air temperature. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the overload of the engine or the like and continue the operation without lowering the capacity of the evaporator as in the conventional case.

Embodiments Embodiments according to the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 relate to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an evaporator portion of the engine / heat pump device, and FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the engine / heat pump device.

In these drawings, reference numeral 11 is an engine, and 12 is a compressor driven by the engine 11. The refrigerant circulation cycle of the engine / heat pump device is designed to circulate from the high pressure side of the compressor 12 to the low pressure side of the compressor 12 through the water-cooled condenser 13, the expansion valve 14, and the evaporator 15. In the cooling water circuit of the engine 11, a cooling water heat exchanger 1 for recovering heat from the water cooling of the engine 11 is provided.
6 is connected. An exhaust gas heat exchanger 17 is provided in the exhaust gas passage of the engine 11. Then, the exhaust gas flows from the exhaust gas heat exchanger 17 to the muffler 1
After that, it is discharged to the outside. The brine inlet side of the water-cooled condenser 13 is connected to a buffer tank 20 via a pump 19. The hot water output path forms a circulation cycle of returning to the buffer tank 20 via the buffer tank 20 → pump 19 → water cooling condenser 13 → cooling water heat exchanger 16 → exhaust gas heat exchanger 17. Then, the load side forms a circulation cycle of returning to the buffer tank 20 again via the buffer tank 20 → pump 21 → load side heat exchanger 22, for example.
Further, the load side heat exchanger 22 is connected to a hot water pool facility 24 or the like provided indoors, for example, via a pump 23, and the hot water in the hot water pool facility 24 or the like is connected to the load side heat exchanger 22 → A circulation cycle is formed in which the hot water pool facility 24 → the pump 23 is returned to the load side heat exchanger 22 again.

On the other hand, the evaporator 15 is arranged in combination with a so-called solar collector using solar heat provided in the upper part of the building such as the hot water pool facility 24. In this solar collector, a transparent corrugated plate made of synthetic resin or the like is provided in a roof shape on a building ceiling 25 formed of a heat insulating material to form a heat collecting plate 26, and the building ceiling 25 and the heat collecting plate 26 are provided. And form a heat storage space 27. An outside air intake port 28 is provided on one side of the heat storage space 27, and an outside air discharge port 29 is provided on the other side. The evaporator 15 is disposed in the heat storage space 27 on the side of the discharge port 29, and a fan 30 driven by a motor is provided in the space between the evaporator 15 and the discharge port 29.
Is provided. Also, the evaporator 15 and the fan 3
A space portion through which air can flow is formed between the upper part of 0 and the heat collecting plate 26, and a duct 31 formed smoothly downward from the heat collecting plate 26 is provided on the side opposite to the outlet 29 of this space portion. ing. That is, the circulation passage 32 that connects the upstream side and the downstream side is provided above the evaporator 15. Further, a detector 33 for detecting the temperature of intake air to the evaporator 15 is provided on the upstream side of the evaporator 15, and the detector 33 is connected to a temperature detector 34. On the other hand, a damper 35 is provided at the outlet 29 portion of the heat storage space 27. The damper 35 is rotatably supported at one peripheral edge of the discharge port 29 so that the discharge port 29 and the opening of the upper circulation passage 32 can be opened and closed at the same time. A servo motor 36 is provided on the shaft portion of the damper 35 that is pivotally supported. This servo motor 3
6 is controlled by a controller 37 connected to the temperature detector 34. And this controller 37
Is set to drive the servomotor 36 when the detection signal from the detector 34 maximizes the engine load.

With such a configuration, when the intake air temperature detected by the detector 33 is equal to or lower than the temperature at which the engine load becomes maximum (point B in FIG. 5), the damper 35 causes the servo motor 36 to move as shown by the dotted line in FIG. Is driven so as to open the discharge port 29 and close the opening of the circulation passage 32. Therefore, the outside air is sucked through the outside air inlet 28 by the fan 30, flows through the storage space 27, further passes through the evaporator 15, exchanges heat, and is discharged again through the outlet 29.

Next, when the intake air temperature becomes higher than the temperature at which the engine load becomes maximum (set temperature), the detection signals from the detector 33 and the temperature detector 34 reach a predetermined value, and the controller 3
The servo motor 36 is driven by 7 and the damper 35
Operates so as to close the outlet 29 and open the circulation passage 32. Therefore, the air cooled by the fan 30 passing through the evaporator 15 passes through the circulation passage 32 and circulates to the upstream side of the evaporator 15. As a result, the temperature of the intake air to the evaporator 15 becomes low, and the initial discharge port 29 is opened again.

By the above operation, even when the intake temperature to the evaporator 15 becomes high in the summer and the like, overload is prevented and the evaporator 1 is prevented.
It is possible to improve the hot water supply ability, etc. without decreasing the ability of 5.
And it can operate with high efficiency.

FIG. 3 relates to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an evaporator portion of an engine heat pump device. still,
The same parts and members as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals.

The engine heat pump device of this embodiment has a system diagram similar to that of the first embodiment, and includes an evaporator 15 and a fan 3 thereof.
0 is arranged in combination with a solar collector of another structure. Similar to the first embodiment, this solar collector forms a heat storage space 43 with a building ceiling 41 and a heat collecting plate 42. One of the heat storage spaces 43 has an outside air intake port 44 and the other has an exhaust port. 45 are provided. The evaporator 15 and the fan 30 are arranged in the heat storage space 43 on the discharge port 45 side. A circulation passage 46 passing through the upstream side and the downstream side is provided in the building ceiling 41 portion below the evaporator 15. And the evaporator 15
An intake air temperature detector 33 is provided on the upstream side of and is connected to a temperature detector 34. On the other hand, the heat storage space 4
3, a damper 4 rotatably supported to simultaneously open and close the discharge port 45 and the circulation passage 46.
9 is provided. The damper 49 is provided with an actuator 47 such as an air cylinder. The actuator 47 is controlled by the controller 48 connected to the temperature detector 34 as in the first embodiment.

With such a configuration, when the intake air temperature is not high, the damper 49 is driven by the actuator 47 so as to open the discharge port 45 and close the circulation passage 46 as shown by the dotted line. Further, when the intake air temperature becomes higher than the temperature at which the engine load becomes maximum, the actuator 47 is driven by the controller 48 and the damper 49 becomes
It operates to close the outlet 45 and open the circulation passage 46. Therefore, the same operation as in the first embodiment can be achieved, overload can be prevented, hot water supply capacity can be improved, and operation can be performed with high efficiency.

In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the dampers 35 and 49 are operated to either the open or closed positions. However, if they are operated to the intermediate position, the dampers 35 and 49 are sucked from the outside air intake ports 28 and 44. The outside air and the air cooled by passing through the evaporator 15 can be mixed in an appropriate amount and supplied to the evaporator 15, so that a rapid temperature change can be avoided. The circulation passages 32 and 46 may have any structure as long as they connect the upstream side and the downstream side of the evaporator 15, and are not limited to the embodiment. Further, the dampers 35 and 49 are not limited to the embodiments as long as they can open and close the discharge ports 29 and 45. Further, the detector 33, the temperature detector 34, and the controllers 37 and 48 may be optional.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, in an engine heat pump device in which an evaporator is arranged in a heat storage space utilizing solar heat to allow air to flow, a downstream side discharge port of the evaporator is provided. A damper is provided in the part, and a circulation passage that connects the upstream side and the downstream side is provided, the temperature of the intake air to the evaporator is detected, the damper is activated, and part or all of the air that has passed through the evaporator is detected. Since it flows through the circulation passage and circulates on the upstream side of the evaporator, it is possible to prevent overload even when the temperature is high in the summer, etc., improve the hot water supply capacity, and operate with high efficiency. There is an effect that can be done.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an evaporator portion of an engine / heat pump device, FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the engine / heat pump device, and FIG. 3 is related to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 4 to 6 relate to a conventional example, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of an evaporator portion of an engine heat pump device, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are engine loads with respect to intake air temperature to the evaporator, respectively. It is a figure which shows the operation number of a fan. 15 ... Evaporator, 25,41 ... Building ceiling 26,42 ... Heat collection plate, 27,43 ... Heat storage space 28,44 ... Outside air intake 29,45 ... Exhaust port, 30 ... Fan 32, 46 ... Circulation passage, 33 ... Detector 34 ... Temperature detector, 35, 49 ... Damper

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An engine / heat pump device in which air flowing through a storage heat space utilizing solar heat is blown to an evaporator for heat exchange, the exhaust port is provided on the downstream side of the evaporator, and the evaporator is provided. Is provided with a circulation passage communicating between the upstream side and the downstream side of the evaporator, while a detector for detecting the intake air temperature to the evaporator is provided, and the intake air temperature detected by the detector is provided downstream of the evaporator. Is operated at a temperature equal to or higher than the temperature at which the load of the engine or the like is maximized, the circulation passage is opened and the exhaust port is closed so that a part or all of the air passing through the evaporator is vaporized through the circulation passage. An engine heat pump device characterized in that a damper is provided for circulation on the upstream side of the vessel.