JPH06210606A - Method and device for treating liquid impregnating process in wooden material and porous inorganic material and anti destructing method for radial parenchyma wall and aspirated pit-pair of wooden material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a processing liquid impregnating method, by which processing liquid can be impregnated and infiltrated sufficiently into the interior of lumber without deforming the lumber. CONSTITUTION:The processing liquid impregnating method into wooden material and porous inorganic material consists of an initial stage pressurizing step, in which material to be processed is pressurized up to the predetermined pressure developing no deformation in the material to be processed and said pressure is held for a predetermined period of time, a preliminary pressurizing step, in which the material to be processed is pressurized stepwise up to the final pressurizing pressure after the elapse of the holding time in the initial stage pressurizing step and the pressures in the respective pressurizing steps are held for the predetermined periods of time, and a processing liquid pouring step, in which processing liquid is impregnated in the material to be processed under the predetermined processing liquid pouring pressure.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wood material for preserving and insect repellent.
Method and apparatus for injecting a treatment liquid such as resin into wood or stone material for the purpose of preventing ants, mildew, flame retardancy, dimensional stability and strength, and improving acid rain resistance of stone materials Regarding In addition, it also relates to a method of destroying the radial parenchyma cell wall and the pair of closed wall pores of the wood.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various treatment liquids have been injected into wood materials for the purpose of making wood materials flame-retardant, having dimensional stability, improving strength, and improving antiseptic / insect repellent properties. The treatment liquid is generally injected into the wood material by rapidly pressurizing the wood material to a constant pressure in a short time, and then injecting the treatment liquid while maintaining the pressure for a long time.
In this case, depending on the material of the wood material, if pressure of 15 kg / cm ² or more is applied, the wood material may be deformed such as warping or bending, or it may become irritated. Was done by On the other hand, in the case of stone materials, the treatment liquid is applied to the surface, the property of the stone chamber itself is used, and for example, the property of neutralizing the acidic water touching the surface of the marble is used to protect against acid rain. I was trying.

[0003]

Here, the wood material is generally made up of a large number of cells as shown in FIG.
Wall holes 2 having a structure as shown in FIG. 9 are scattered between the cells to form wall holes 2. At the center of this wall hole 2 is a truth 3
There is a thickened part, and the area around it is a thin mesh (margot). The wood material having such a structure is
In the process of converting into a core material, the wall hole wall is pulled toward one hole opening and the truth 3 closes the hole opening. A state in such a state is called a closed wall hole pair, and the shape is such that the truth 3 blocks the wall hole 2, and it exists not only in the core material but also in the sap material. Therefore, in order to allow the treatment liquid to permeate the entire wood, the treatment liquid permeates adjacent cells by destroying the truth 3 that blocks the pores of the pair of closed wall pores or the cell wall itself. Need to do so.

However, in order to destroy the truth 3 up to the center of the material, the conventional method of injecting the processing liquid is 30
A pressure of kg / cm ² is required, but as previously mentioned, 15 kg /
If the pressure is more than cm ² , the material itself will be deformed. Therefore, in order to avoid the deformation, the injection pressure had to be low, and as a result, the pressure became insufficient, and the truth 3 could not be sufficiently destroyed to sufficiently inject the treatment liquid into the wood. On the other hand, particularly in a hardwood, since the pressure is applied to a predetermined pressure all at once, the conduit is clogged with impurities such as tylose, and it is very difficult to inject the treatment liquid to the center of the material. In addition, in stone materials, since the protection is aimed at by the surface coating of the treatment liquid and the nature of the stone material, its effect is limited to the surface, and its acid rain resistance declines when exposed to acid rain for a long time, Not enough effect against acid rain. As a result, it was not possible to prevent the acid rain from penetrating into the inside of the stone material and being eroded from inside the stone material such as powder inside.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to sufficiently inject and infiltrate a treatment liquid into the inside of a material such as wood or stone without causing deformation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for injecting a treatment liquid for a material and a porous inorganic material. Moreover, it aims at providing the method of destroying the radial parenchyma cell wall of a wood material, and a pair of obstruction wall hole together.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a method for injecting a treatment liquid of a woody material and a porous inorganic material according to the present invention is a method of injecting a treatment liquid such as a resin into wood, which is to be treated. An initial pressurizing step of pressurizing the material to a predetermined pressure at which the material to be processed is not deformed and maintaining the pressure for a predetermined time, and after the pressure holding time has elapsed, stepwise increase the pressure to the final pressurization pressure,
And a pre-pressurizing step of pressurizing the material to be processed while maintaining the pressure for a predetermined time in each pressurizing step, and a processing liquid injecting step of injecting the processing liquid into the material to be processed at a predetermined processing liquid injection pressure. It consists of steps.

[0007]

Embodiments of the method of injecting a processing liquid according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a state of decompression / pressurization treatment in the first embodiment according to the present invention, which is a method for injecting a treatment liquid into a conifer. 4 and 5 are explanatory views showing the structure of coniferous trees, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory view and a diagram for comparing the state after the injection processing with the case of using the present invention and the case of injecting the processing liquid by the conventional injection method. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus for carrying out this method.

Here, the coniferous trees are generally shown in FIGS.
In order to inject the treatment solution to the central part, it is necessary to destroy the radial parenchymal cell wall and the obstruction wall hole pair. This method gradually increases the pressure applied to the wood to be treated from a low pressure so that the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the wood is sufficient to destroy the truth 3 but does not deform the wood. This is a method of maintaining and gradually destroying the truth 3 to the center of the material, and then injecting the treatment liquid to sufficiently permeate the treatment liquid into the wood. That is, first, the outermost radial parenchymal cell wall and the pair of closed wall holes are destroyed to equalize the external pressure with the pressure in the temporary conduit 21a. And the temporary conduit 21b,
21c, the fracture is repeated in sequence, and pressure is applied to the core material portion so as to be equal to the external pressure. In this case, the pressure is propagated through very fine cuts and small holes, so it is necessary to raise the pressure for efficiency, but a rapid rise causes material erosion and deformation. Therefore, in the present invention, the pressure increase is carried out step by step.

In the present invention, first, as a depressurizing step, the treated wood 11 is placed in the pressure vessel 12 of the apparatus shown in FIG.
To be stored tightly. And the vacuum pump 13 for decompression
Thus, as shown in FIG. 1, the pressure is once reduced to −760 mmHg and kept for about 20 minutes to remove the air contained in the material as much as possible. After that, the process proceeds to a pressurizing step, and the wood to be treated is pressurized to 2 kg / cm ² by the gas pressurizing compressor 14 as an initial pressurizing step. In this case, the material in the pressure vessel 12 receives the same pressure in each part according to the principle of Pascal. Then, this state is maintained for about 20 minutes. Pressurization of ² kg / cm ² is sufficient pressure to destroy the Truth 3 etc. individually, and this retention does not destroy all of the radial parenchymal cell wall and the pair of obstruction wall pores, but the pressure is retained by this partial destruction. Propagate to the center in time. In this state, the wood itself is not deformed due to the relatively low pressure of ² kg / cm ² .

Next, the pre-pressurizing step is started. Here, as shown in Fig. 1, the initial pressurization step is 2 kg / cm.
Starting from ^{2, the} pressure is increased stepwise to the final pressurization pressure. In this embodiment, 8 kg / cm ² , 15 kg / cm ² ,
It shall be increased to 25 kg / cm ² . First, the pressure is 8 kg
/ Cm ² to increase. At this time, since the pressure of 2 kg / cm ² was applied in the initial pressure step, 8 kg
In / cm ² pressurized圧当first so that the pressure difference relative 6 kg / cm ² occurs in the inside and outside of the timber. Truth 3 is generally destroyed by applying a pressure of ² to 5 kg / cm ² depending on the type of wood. Therefore, by the first stage of this pre-pressurization step, more pairs of closed wall holes are destroyed around the portion of the wood near the outside. Then, the pressure of 8 kg / cm ² is maintained again for about 10 minutes. As a result, similarly to the above, the pressure is propagated through the broken radial parenchymal cell wall, the pair of closed wall holes and the like, and the wood is pressurized to the inside with a pressure of 8 kg / cm ² .

As described above, in the preliminary pressurizing step, the pressure is similarly further appropriately increased and the pressure is maintained for a certain time in each stage. That is, in this step,
10 minutes kg / cm ^2, pressurized timber with 25 kg / cm ² to a final pressurizing pressure and so 20 minutes. Then, due to the relative pressure difference between the inside and outside of the wood that occurs at the beginning of each stage, the radial parenchyma wall, the pair of closed wall holes, and the like are successively destroyed to the inside of the wood.

Here, as described above, the weight of wood is generally 15 kg.
Deformation occurs when a pressure of / cm ² is applied. However,
This means the deformation of the wood due to a shocking pressure difference when a pressure of 15 kg / cm ² or more is rapidly applied from the unpressurized state. Therefore, in the case where the pressure on the wood is gradually increased as in the present invention, the deformation of the wood is unlikely to occur even if the final pressure applied to the wood exceeds 15 kg / cm ² . In addition, in the present invention, each stage is treated for a predetermined period of time so that the pressure is applied to the inside of the wood. Therefore, even if, for example, 25 kg / cm ² is applied, the pressure rise during pressurization is the relative pressure difference between the inside and outside, that is, 15 kg /
only cm ² and the difference serving as 10kg / cm ² of 25kg / cm ^2, it does not occur deformation of the timber.

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, the closed wall hole pair and the like can be destroyed to the inside of the wood without the wood itself being deformed through the stepwise pre-pressurization step. It is desirable that the holding time in each pressure stage is relatively long up to about 15 kg / cm ^{2 for} 10 minutes or more, but after that, it may be shorter than that. In addition, the pressure in the initial pressurizing step, the pressure difference in each stage, and the holding time may of course be set to various values depending on the material and size of the wood. However, it is necessary to lengthen the holding time for a material that requires time to reach an equal pressure inside the wood.

Next, after the preliminary pressurizing step, the process proceeds to the post-treatment liquid injecting step. In this treatment liquid injecting step, the treatment liquid is injected and penetrated into the wood to be treated by the liquid pressure pump 15 under a constant pressure. In this case, the gas remaining in the temporary conduit 21 of the material is taken into the pressurized processing solution according to Henry's law. The processing pressure may be the same as the final pressurizing pressure subsequent to the preliminary pressurizing step, or may be a different pressure separately. In this method, the preparatory pressurization step has already destroyed the radial parenchymal cell wall and the pair of closed pores to the inside of the wood, so that the treatment liquid easily penetrates to the inside of the wood. Therefore,
It is also possible to process at a pressure lower than the conventional processing liquid injection pressure.

On the other hand, after injecting the treatment liquid under pressure, it is necessary to depressurize the pressurized state. In this case, if the pressure is suddenly released, the gas taken into the treatment liquid may expand rapidly due to Henry's law, which may destroy the material itself. For this reason, in this embodiment, the decompression tank 18 is provided especially in the processing apparatus, and this is preliminarily pressurized with gas to eliminate the pressure difference from the pressure vessel 12.
Then, by gradually releasing the pressure from the decompression tank 18 via the decompression valve 19, the gas dissolved in the processing liquid is released first. In this case, since the gas dissolved in the treatment liquid has a small molecular weight, it flows out of the material before the treatment liquid, and as a result, the treatment liquid remains inside the material.

FIG. 6 shows a state of the wood injected with the treatment liquid according to this embodiment in comparison with the wood injected by the conventional method. This is a comparison of water-soluble dyes injected by this method and the conventional method, and the injected wood is cut and compared (cedar, radial arc pine core material, moisture content 55%, 20 × 2).
0 x 100 cm used). As can be seen from FIG. 6, in the case of the conventional method, the treatment liquid only entered a little from the surface of the wood and was hardly injected from the other surface. On the other hand, according to the present method, the treatment liquid is injected from any direction regardless of whether it is a grain or a grain. That is, according to this method, since the treatment solution is injected by destroying the radial parenchyma cells and the pair of closed wall pores of the material, even if the material to be treated is the one using the core material, The treatment liquid is surely injected to the center.

In this embodiment, a preliminary pressurization step by gas is provided prior to the injection of the processing liquid, and the closed wall hole pair and the like are first destroyed, but the processing liquid is directly and stepwise injected. Also good. In this case, the treatment liquid is injected by housing the treated wood 11 in the pressure vessel 12, filling the inside of the vessel with the treatment liquid, and then applying pressure. The injection amount is adjusted by the pressure, and the confirmation is performed by the hydraulic level gauge 17 provided in the liquid tank 16.

The injectable solution is prepared by emulsifying vegetable oil or mineral oil with a cationic surfactant to make it water-soluble, and adding a preservative, insect repellent, termite repellent or fungicide thereto. Since this injection liquid is of a cation type, it is suitable as a treatment liquid without being ionically bonded to the wood tissue which is an anion and flowing out from the wood. In this respect, it is advantageous in terms of flushing out, dimensional stability over a long period of time, and the like, as compared with the case of using a treatment solution of water-soluble glycols. Furthermore, in this method, since the treatment liquid can be injected to the center of the wood, it is possible to provide a treatment material having higher flame retardancy than before by injecting the flame retardant.

Next, a second embodiment of the method for injecting a processing liquid according to the present invention will be described. The second embodiment is a method of injecting a treatment liquid into hardwood. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of pressure reduction / pressurization processing in that case. Unlike hardwood trees, hardwood trees generally have conduits that conduct water. Therefore, it seems that the processing solution can be easily injected through it, but in reality, this conduit contains a large amount of impurities such as tylose. Block injection. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to prevent clogging in the conduit, pressurization is performed for a long time with a relatively low pressure that does not cause clogging, whereby the pressure is evenly propagated to the center of the material and the treatment liquid reaches the center. It is about to be injected.

In this method, since hardwood has more conduit elements than softwood, it is necessary to remove gas in the conduit as much as possible to suppress clogging in the conduit during the pressurizing process. The decompression time is 60 minutes, which is longer than that of coniferous trees. Then, even in the next pressurizing step, pressurization is performed at a relatively low pressure of about 1.5 kg / cm ² that does not cause clogging in the conduit, and the pressurizing time is 30 minutes, which is longer than that of softwood ( (Fig. 2). As a result, the pressure in the conduit can be kept constant without being obstructed by the clogging in the conduit. After applying low pressure for a long time like this, 10 minutes at 7 kg / cm ² and 30 minutes at 30 kg / cm ² .
Pressurize step by step like minutes. In this case, since the number of conduit elements is large, it is possible to increase the pressure without making the number of stages to be higher than that of coniferous trees. Then, after the treatment liquid is injected, the pressure is gradually released by the decompression valve 19 as described above. In this case as well, the same results as in the case of coniferous trees were obtained (oak, beech heartwood, water content 60%, 20 × 20 × 100 cm used).

On the other hand, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the manner of depressurizing / pressurizing treatment in the third embodiment of the treatment liquid injecting method according to the present invention. The present embodiment is a method of injecting a treatment liquid into a porous inorganic material such as stone material. In this method, the depressurizing time and the pressurizing time by the low pressure are set to be long, and then the processing liquid is injected into the interior of the stone material by rapidly increasing the pressure.

In the case of a porous inorganic material such as marble, a large amount of gas is contained therein due to the structure of the material. Therefore, in this method, first, sufficient decompression time is taken to sufficiently remove the internal gas. In this case, it is desirable that this depressurization time be longer than that of the above-mentioned broad-leaved tree and take about 120 minutes. Next, in the case of stone materials as well, since many fine impurities and fine powders are contained in the interior, relatively low pressure of about 5 kg / cm ² is used for a longer time than wood materials, for example, to prevent clogging due to these. Pressurize for about 60 minutes. As a result, the pressure inside the material can be kept constant as in the case of the hardwood. After the low-pressure pressure is applied for a long time, in this embodiment, the stone chamber material is unlikely to be deformed by the pressure.
A high pressure of 0 kg / cm ² is applied. Then, after that, the treatment liquid is injected under pressure. Regarding this pressurization, not only a method of pre-pressurizing with a gas using a compressor but then a pressure injection of a processing liquid, but a method of directly pressurizing with a processing liquid using a liquid pump is also possible. On the other hand, after injecting the treatment liquid at high pressure, the pressure is gradually released by the decompression valve 19 as described above.

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, the treatment liquid is injected into the center of the material, which means that the water-soluble dye is injected using the stone material of marble (made in Italy, 2 × 40 × 80 cm). After that, when the material was cut and confirmed, it was confirmed that it was uniformly colored up to the center of the material. In this method, by using, for example, Aaron Water Shut (trade name) manufactured by Toa Kagaku Co., which has a silane monomer as a main component, this silane monomer chemically bonds with silanol in the base material and is strong inside. Form a water absorption prevention layer to protect stone materials from damage such as acid rain.
In addition, since it does not fill the hair net pores of the stone material, especially marble, it is possible to perform the treatment that makes the best use of the characteristics of the marble without impairing the breathing action of the marble.

[0024]

As described above, according to the method for injecting a processing liquid according to the present invention, the depressurizing / pressurizing time and the pressurizing state are taken into consideration according to the type of the material to be processed, taking into consideration the internal structure thereof. By appropriately changing the value, it is possible to achieve a sufficient amount up to the center even for wood-based materials such as heartwood where it was extremely difficult to inject the processing liquid in the past, and stone materials where the processing liquid was not injected. There is an effect that the processing liquid can be injected. Therefore, in wood materials, its antiseptic,
Insect-proof, ant-proof and mold-proof properties are dramatically improved, and their useful life can be extended. In addition, by using a treatment liquid that does not cause the possibility of flow-out and injecting it into the central portion, cracking can be prevented for a long period of time, and a high dimensional stability effect can be obtained. Furthermore, since the treatment liquid is sufficiently injected into the central portion, the wood material according to the present method has high flame retardance, and in combination with high dimensional stability, it is possible to broaden the range of use of wood. . In addition, increasing the useful life of timber helps to stop the unplanned logging of tropical rain forests, which has become a problem in recent years, and is of great utility from the perspective of forest protection.

On the other hand, in stone materials, damage due to acid rain or the like can be prevented without losing the properties and texture of the stone materials themselves. In particular, it is possible to prevent the collapse of the outer wall of the building due to acid rain, which is a major social problem in areas with many buildings using stone materials such as Europe. That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to avoid the situation of prohibiting the use of stone materials such as marble for the outer wall of the building, and not only preventing damage to the stone materials,
It can also be widely useful in protecting the country's culture and environment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing how decompression / pressurization is performed when a treatment liquid injection method according to the present invention is applied to softwood.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing how decompression / pressurization is applied when the treatment liquid injection method according to the present invention is applied to a hardwood.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of decompression / pressurization when the treatment liquid injection method according to the present invention is applied to a stone material.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the internal tissue structure of a conifer.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the internal tissue structure of a conifer.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the wood in which the treatment liquid is injected by the method according to the present invention and the wood after the treatment liquid is injected by the conventional method after the treatment.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a processing device when performing the method according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional perspective view showing the appearance of the structure of wood.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of a wall hole between wood tissues.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Wall Hole to 2 Wall Hole 3 Truth 11 Treated Wood 12 Pressure Vessel 13 Decompression Vacuum Pump 14 Gas Pressurizing Compressor 15 Liquid Pressurizing Pump 16 Liquid Tank 17 Liquid Pressure Level Gauge 18 Pressure Releasing Tank 19 Pressure Releasing Valve 21 Temporary Conduit

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A method of injecting a treatment liquid such as a resin into a wood material and a porous inorganic material, which comprises the following steps. a) A decompression step of depressurizing the material to be treated to remove gas in the material. b) An initial pressurizing step in which the material to be processed is pressurized to a predetermined pressure at which the material to be processed is not deformed and the pressure is maintained for a predetermined time. c) Preliminary pressurization step of stepwise increasing the pressure to the final pressurization pressure after the pressure holding time, and pressurizing the material to be treated while maintaining the pressure for a predetermined time in each pressurizing step. d) A treatment liquid injection step of injecting the treatment liquid into the material to be treated at a predetermined treatment liquid injection pressure. 2. A method for injecting a treatment liquid such as a resin into a softwood material, which comprises the following steps. a) A decompression step of depressurizing the material to be treated to remove gas in the material. b) An initial pressurizing step in which the material to be treated is pressurized to a low pressure at which the material to be treated is not deformed and the pressure is maintained for a predetermined time. c) Preliminary pressurization step of stepwise increasing the pressure to the final pressurization pressure after the pressure holding time, and pressurizing the material to be treated while maintaining the pressure for a predetermined time in each pressurizing step. d) A treatment liquid injection step of injecting the treatment liquid into the material to be treated at a predetermined treatment liquid injection pressure. 3. A method for injecting a treatment liquid such as resin into hardwood, which comprises the following steps. a) A depressurization step of removing the gas in the material to be treated by depressurizing the material to be treated for a longer time than in the case of softwood material. b) An initial pressurizing step in which the material to be treated is pressurized at a low pressure that does not cause deformation of the material to be treated and the pressure is maintained for a longer time than in the case of softwood material. c) Preliminary pressurization step of stepwise increasing the pressure to the final pressurization pressure after the pressure holding time, and pressurizing the material to be treated while maintaining the pressure for a predetermined time in each pressurizing step. d) A treatment liquid injection step of injecting the treatment liquid into the material to be treated at a predetermined treatment liquid injection pressure. 4. A method for injecting a treatment liquid such as resin into a stone material, which comprises the following steps. a) A depressurization step of depressurizing the material to be treated for a longer time than in the case of the wood material to remove gas in the material to be treated. b) An initial pressing step in which the material to be treated is pressed at a low pressure that does not cause deformation of the material to be treated and the pressure is maintained for a longer time than in the case of wood. c) A pre-pressurization step of pressurizing the material to be treated to the final pressurization pressure after the pressure holding time has elapsed. d) A treatment liquid injection step of injecting the treatment liquid into the material to be treated at a predetermined treatment liquid injection pressure. 5. A pressure container for hermetically storing a material to be treated, a decompression device for decompressing the pressure container, a pressure device for pressurizing the pressure container, and a pressure liquid for injecting a treatment liquid into the pressure container. A liquid pressurizing device, a decompression tank that is connected to the pressure container and is pressurized to the same pressure as the pressure in the pressure container in advance, and the pressure container that is connected to the decompression tank and is opened and closed through the decompression tank. An apparatus for injecting a treatment liquid into a wood material and a porous inorganic material, comprising a decompression valve for gradually decompressing the internal pressure. 6. A method for destroying a radial parenchymal cell wall and a closed wall hole in a wood material, which method comprises the following steps. a) A decompression step of depressurizing the material to be treated to remove gas in the material. b) An initial pressurizing step in which the material to be processed is pressurized to a predetermined pressure at which the material to be processed is not deformed and the pressure is maintained for a predetermined time. c) Preliminary pressurizing step of pressurizing the material to be treated while stepwise increasing the pressure to the final pressurizing pressure after the pressure holding time and maintaining the pressure for a predetermined time in each pressurizing step.