JPH06183867A - Ultra slow-acting fertilizing material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce an ultra slow-acting fertilizing material stably persisting a fertilizer effect over a long period of several years or more by employing a powdery or granular microorganism-degrading urea-based condensation polymer as a main constituting element. CONSTITUTION:A powdery or granular microorganism-degrading urea-based condensation polymer (e.g. a trade name, MIKUREA, produced by Nitto Industry Co.) as a main constituting element is mixed with a soil-improving material such as peat moss or perlite fine particles, a fast-acting fertilizer, a slow-acting fertilizer, etc., in a proper ratio to produce the slow-acting fertilizing material. The microorganism-degrading urea-based condensation polymer is extremely slowly degraded with microorganisms in soil to elute its nitrogen content, thereby supplying the nitrogen content to plants over several years. The plants can thus healthily grow during the elusion. Since the formation of inorganic substances is slowly performed, the fertilizing material does not cause the germination disorders, growth disorders, etc., of the plants.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an extremely slow-acting application material capable of growing plants for many years.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Soil corrodes and accumulates the remains of plants and animals, while constantly promoting mineralization. Therefore, when the natural circulation of organic matter is delayed, it is impossible to grow the plant soundly unless the organic matter is properly applied. Therefore, animal material fertilizers, plant fertilizers, self-contained organic fertilizers, so-called organic fertilizers derived from organic wastes, and various chemical fertilizers are used.

Chemical fertilizers include chemical fertilizers that use simple fertilizer or fertilizer raw material and granulate it by subjecting it to chemical operations to guarantee two or more of the three components of the fertilizer. For example, the total amount of the three components. Is less than 30% of normal chemical fertilizers, more than 30% of advanced chemical fertilizers, slow-acting chemical fertilizers that slowly decompose and continue to fertilize like organic fertilizers in soil, and resin-coated chemical fertilizers are commercially available. Widely used.

[0004]

Generally, growth of trees and growth and flowering of flowers require a nitrogen content for a long period of time, whereas a large amount of nitrogen content elutes in the short term, the growth is conversely inhibited. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the number of times of application as much as possible without applying a large amount of fertilizer at one time.

However, commercially available chemical fertilizers tend to elute the nitrogen content in a relatively short period of time. For example, common chemical fertilizers elute in 2-3 months, and slow-acting chemical fertilizers elute in 4 to 6 months. Even with resin-coated chemical fertilizers, which have a relatively long-lasting fertilization effect, the limit is 2-3 years.

Therefore, depending on the plant, it may be desirable that the fertilizing effect lasts for a relatively long period of time, for example, for several years or longer. In such a case, the number of times of application has to be increased. In addition, nitrogen fertilizers are indispensable because they are generally relatively soluble in water and easily washed away by rainwater or irrigation water. However, when the number of times of application is increased, the application cost naturally becomes high, and in some cases, such after-care cannot be performed.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an ultra slow-acting application material whose fertilizing effect is stable for a long period of several years or longer.

[0008]

The present invention has means for solving the above-mentioned problems as follows. That is, it is characterized in that a powdery or granular microbial decomposition type urea condensation polymer is used as a main constituent element.

[0009]

[Function] A powdery or granular microbial decomposing type urea-based condensation polymer is decomposed by microorganisms in soil and has a nitrogen content of 25%.
To elute.

The mineralization takes place very slowly,
For example, using Arakida soil as the soil, the result of measuring the mineralization rate (see Table 1) for 3 months under the condition that the water content is 50% of the maximum water content at a temperature of 25 ° C, and the result is 3.2 to 4.0.
%, And it has been confirmed that it takes 5 to 7 years to be completely mineralized.

Therefore, for example, the present urea-based condensation polymer is
When applied at 200 g / m ² , the net nitrogen content of 50 g / m ² will be supplied to the plants for several years or more, during which the plants can grow healthy. As described above, since the mineralization progresses slowly, there is no risk of germination and growth damage even when applied in a large amount.

Since the urea condensation polymer is decomposed by microorganisms, it is often decomposed at a time when the activity of the microorganisms is most effective for the growth of plants from spring to summer and autumn. Well, since the urea condensation polymer is almost insoluble in water, it is prevented from running off due to rainwater and the fertilizing effect continues stably.

[0013]

[Examples] Examples of the super-delayed application material of the present invention will be described in detail below. The microbe-degradable urea-based condensation polymer used as the material for this ultra-slow-acting application is powdery
When it contains 25g of pure nitrogen in g and is applied to soil,
It is decomposed by microorganisms and slowly mineralized over a long period of several years or more, and successively elutes a small amount of nitrogen, resulting in the release of a total amount of 25 g of nitrogen for plant growth.

As such a urea-based condensation polymer,
For example, a commercially available product called MICLEA [Nitto Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.] can be adopted as a raw material for general molded articles, and in the present example, this was dispersed as powder in soil and the mineralization rate was measured. As a result, preferable values shown in Table 1 were obtained.

[0015]

[Table 1]

In this experiment, Arakida soil was used as the soil, and 0.1 g, 0.2 g, and 0.4 g of powdered Michlea were sprayed on 100 g of the soil, respectively, and the maximum water capacity of 50 at the temperature of 25 ° C.
% Of water for 3 months each
The mineralization rate is measured.

As a result, the rate of mineralization is 3.2 to 4.0%, it takes a long time of 5 to 7 years to completely mineralize, and the ultra-low-acting effect that the mineralization gradually progresses over an extremely long period of time. It was confirmed that it had the application effect. By the way, when 200 g / m ^{2 of} this urea-based condensation polymer is applied, the total amount of nitrogen pure that elutes in the soil is 50 g / m ² , and this net nitrogen contributes to the growth of plants for almost several years or longer. Becomes

Since the urea condensation polymer is decomposed by microorganisms, it is decomposed a lot during the period when the activity of the microorganisms is most effective for plant growth from spring to summer and autumn. Well, since the urea condensation polymer is almost insoluble in water, it is prevented from running off due to rainwater and the fertilizing effect continues stably.

Since this urea-based condensation polymer is extremely slow-acting as described above, it is also a great feature that there is little germination and growth damage even when applied in a large amount. For example, when 500 g / m ^{2 of} urea-based condensation polymer is sprayed, the total amount of nitrogen pure 125 g / m ² gradually elutes over several years (about 6 years or more), and the amount of pure nitrogen 5 g / m ³ is increased for 3 months. ²
The amount of elution is about the same, but if it is this amount, it is not necessary to worry about the occurrence of trouble. By the way, if 200 g / m ^{2 of} a general advanced chemical fertilizer (the three elements are mixed at a ratio of 15:15:15) is applied, the net nitrogen content of 30 g / m ² will elute in about 3 months, causing germination and growth failure. .

Further, according to an experiment conducted for confirming the growth effect of the present urea condensation polymer, preferable results as shown in Table 2 were obtained.

[0021]

[Table 2]

This is a bag with a diameter of 2.5 cm and a length of 1 m formed from Bonrick paper [Vensei Paper Co., Ltd.] capable of germination and growth of vegetation, and 60 g of bark compost and advanced chemical fertilizer in this bag. (Three elements; 15:15:15) 10g and vermiculite 250cc, seed K31F (Kentucky 31 fescue) 1.5
g / bag mixture packed (standard group), further urea condensation polymer 5g / bag packed (polymer 5g addition group), urea condensation polymer 15g / bag packed (polymer 15g added) 2 years later, a pruning survey was carried out per bag, and the weight of raw grass and its dry weight were measured.

As is clear from the table, the raw grass weight and dry weight of both the polymer-added group of 5 g and the polymer-added group of 15 g are larger than those of the standard group to which the present urea condensation polymer is not applied. It was found that the plant continued to grow vigorously throughout the year, and it could be confirmed that the urea condensation polymer of the present invention is very effective as a fertilizer.

From these two experimental results, a maintenance-free, inexpensive, super-delayed application material whose stable fertilizing effect continues for a long period of several years or more is mainly composed of a powdery urea-based condensation polymer. It was proved to be obtained. Such an ultra-slow application material is a fertilizer general application method,
That is, it is possible to apply various application modes such as various kinds of spraying and filling with fertilizer bags and vegetation bags together with other water retaining materials and chemical fertilizers. Preferred embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a method of spraying vegetation material by a spraying device. 1 is a spraying device mounted on a carriage 2, and 3 is a spraying base material 4. A spray nozzle for spraying the spray base material 4 connected to the spraying device 1 through the spray base material supply hose 5 and fed by the blower 6 onto the construction target surface 7 such as a slope.
Reference numeral 8 is a water tank, 9 is a water pump, 10 is a water supply hose for supplying the water discharged from the water pump 9 to the spray nozzle 3, 12 is a bag of ultra-slow-acting application material, 11
The conveyors 11 and 13 for conveying the ultra slow-release application material 12 to the spraying device 1 are generators 13 as drive power sources.

The above-mentioned super-delayed application material 12 is a soil improving material for strengthening the water-retaining power and fertilizing power, which is prepared by appropriately mixing peat moss, bark, fine particles of perlite, berumlite, super absorbent polymer, and the like. A powdery urea-based condensation polymer is used as a main component, and various fast-acting fertilizers, slow-acting fertilizers, and slow-acting fertilizers are mixed in an appropriate ratio, and these are packed in a bag.

In the spraying method using the spraying device 1 as described above, the ultra-slow-effect application material 12 is taken out of the bag and put into the tank in the spraying device 1 by the conveyor 11 and selected according to the surface 7 to be constructed. The seeds and the powdered erosion inhibitor as a paste material are put into the tank and stirred to obtain a predetermined spraying base material 4 in which the super-delayed application material 12 and the seeds are mixed by stirring. The spray nozzle 3 sprays this onto the construction target surface 7 together with water. By the way, Table 3 shows the blending amount per 1 m ^{3 of the} spray base material 4.

[0028]

[Table 3]

The spray base material 4 having such a composition is first prepared as follows.
By this spraying method, it is possible to spray onto the construction target surface 7 without being scattered by mixing with water. In the sprayed state, the ultra-delayed application material 12 as described above.
, The maintenance cost can be significantly reduced, and the plant can be grown healthy for a long period of time.

FIG. 2 shows the construction of the apparatus for spraying the ultra-slow-effect application material 12 with the mortar gunki 21,
In this case, the bag-filled ultra-slow effect application material 12 is put into the stirring tank 22 by the belt conveyor 23 while the pumping pump is used.
Water is supplied by 25, and water is mixed with the super-slow-effect application material 12 in the stirring tank 22, and this is sent to a spray nozzle (not shown) by compressed air from the compressor 26, and from the spray nozzle. The surface to be constructed is sprayed. Even by such a spraying method, the fertilizing effect can be maintained stably and favorably for a long period of time, and the plant can be grown soundly. 27 is a measuring instrument, 28 is a water meter, and 29 is a generator.

FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show an embodiment of a vegetation substrate for greening, which is a mixture of plant seeds, an ultra-slow-acting application material mainly composed of a urea-based condensation polymer, and a water retaining material, a soil improving material and the like. The vegetation base material 35 is housed in the housing portion 34 provided in the mesh body 31 and is laid on the slope 38.

The reticulated body 31 is formed by weaving a warp yarn 32 and a weft yarn 33 made of, for example, a strong rayon or a corrosive material subjected to antibacterial treatment, and polymerizing the two reticulated bodies 31, 31 to form one of them. An accommodating portion 34 is provided in the section. On the other hand, vegetation base material 35
Is filled in a bag to form a tubular shape, which is inserted into the accommodating portion 34 to facilitate the on-site storage operation.

The mesh body 31 containing the vegetation base material 35 in this manner
Is laid on a slope 38 such as a hillside and fixed with anchor pins, anchor bolts 36, etc., and the outer surface of the mesh body 31 is sprayed with a spray base material 37 such as a soil to serve as a vegetation base for plants. (See FIG. 4).

As described above, the reticulated body 31 is formed by the warp threads 32 and the weft threads 33 made of a corrosive material subjected to strong rayon or antibacterial treatment, so that the slope 38
It is possible to maintain the required strength for a period of about half a year to two years after being laid on the slope and protect the slope 38 to secure the vegetation base of the plant, but the strength gradually decreases and the plant seed germinates. When it grows up, it is decomposed and corroded and homogenized in soil.
Therefore, the net-like body 31 can semi-permanently remain on the slope 38 and contribute to environmental greening without causing pollution problems.

On the other hand, since the ultra-slow application material contained in the vegetation base material 35 is not water-soluble, it does not run off due to rainwater or irrigation water even after the mesh body 31 is homogenized in the soil, and is stable. It can settle in the soil, can grow plants healthy for a long time, is maintenance-free, and can achieve green vegetation with little application cost.

5 to 7 show different embodiments of the vegetation substrate for greening, and in FIG. 5, in the accommodating portion 44 of the mesh body 41,
With a super slow-release application material and a vegetation base material 45 made of a mixture of a water retention material, a soil improvement material, and the like, at least one outer surface of the mesh body 41 has a water-soluble sizing agent such as polyvinyl alcohol interposed therebetween. An ultra-slow application material 47 and a soil conditioner for directly attaching and holding plant seeds 46 and with plant seeds 46
48 is attached and held. In addition, a so-called tension grass body in which plant seeds 46 are sandwiched between water-soluble paper and corrosive materials such as cotton wool with an ultra-slow application material 47 and a soil improving material 48 is attached to the net-like body 41. May be.

In FIG. 6, a mat 49 capable of germinating and growing plant seeds is attached to at least one outer surface of the reticulate body 41, and the plant seeds 46 are attached and held on the mat 49 via a water-soluble sizing agent. I am letting you. Further, the mat 49 may have the plant seed 46 and the super-delayed application material 47, the soil improving material 48, etc. attached thereto.

The mesh 41 constructed as described above is laid on a slope 38 such as a hillside and fixed by anchor pins, anchor bolts 36, etc., as shown in FIG. 7, for example.

In the above structure, the mesh 41
By using strong rayon or a corrosive material that has been subjected to antibacterial treatment, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of pollution problems and grow plants soundly for a long time, as in the previous examples. Incidentally, if the super absorbent polymer is housed in the bag body and is put together with the vegetation base material 45 in the housing part 44, the bag body expands due to moisture such as rainwater and the reticulate body 41 adheres to the slope 38. Therefore, the required number of anchor pins, anchor bolts 36, etc. can be reduced, and the water absorbed and retained by the superabsorbent polymer is gradually supplied to the plants during the dry period, etc., and more healthy growth is achieved. .

FIGS. 8 and 9 show another embodiment of a vegetation base for greening, in which a mesh body 51 is superposed on a front net 52 and a back net 53 made of strong rayon or a corrosive material subjected to antibacterial treatment. A fertilizer bag 54 having a double structure, in which an accommodating portion 59 is formed in the direction of the wefts 57 and 58 between the nets 52 and 53, and the ultra-slow-acting application material is accommodated in the accommodating portion 59 as a main component. And vegetation bag containing vegetation seeds
It accommodates 55.

In this case, in the accommodating section 59, the fertilizer bag 54 and flower seeds such as annual flower plant seeds and perennial flower plant seeds and tree seeds are appropriately mixed in every other accommodating section 59a. The vegetation bag 55b containing the vegetation bag 55b and the foraging seeds in the accommodation section 9b sandwiched between the accommodation sections 9a and 9a.
For example, the grass seeds and the flower plant seeds or the tree seeds are housed in a separated state so that a well-balanced greening can be achieved over the entire slope 38.
In addition, reference numeral 60 in FIG. 8 is a thin cotton made of soot attached to the upper surface of the back net 53, and on the upper surface thereof, together with the super slow-acting application material, the water retention material 61, etc. Vegetative seeds 62 such as are sprayed and held on the entire surface by an adhesive such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the anchor 36 is a fertilizer bag 54.
On the lower side, the stop needles 39 may be driven into the central portion of the vegetation bag 55b.

As described above, the super slow-release application material is applied in various spraying forms like ordinary fertilizers, or mixed with other water retaining materials, soil improving materials, etc. in vegetation bags and fertilizer bags. Not only can it be stuffed and applied, but it can also be widely applied in any form such as spraying by hand or application by burying in soil.

[0043]

As described above, according to the ultra-slow-effect application material of the present invention, the powdery or granular biodegradable urea-based condensation polymer is used as the main constituent element, so that it can be extremely slowly mineralized. It is carried out and its urea-based condensation polymer is almost insoluble in water, so it can settle in the soil without running away, can grow plants stably for a long period of several years or more, and it is maintenance-free and reduces application costs. It becomes possible.

Further, since the urea-based condensation polymer is decomposed by microorganisms, the activity of microorganisms is active in spring to summer.
By autumn, a relatively large amount of nitrogen component is eluted, and plants can be effectively grown.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a constitutional view for explaining an example of a method for spraying a super slow-release application material of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram for explaining the different spraying method.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vegetation base for greening using the ultra-low application material of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the vegetation substrate for greening is laid on a slope.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a different example of the vegetation substrate for greening.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another example of the same greening vegetation substrate in another embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the vegetation substrate for greening is laid on a slope.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the same vegetation substrate for greening.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the same vegetation substrate for greening is laid on the slope.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12, 47 ... Ultra slow-release application material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An ultra-slow-acting application material comprising a powdery or granular microbial decomposition type urea-based condensation polymer as a main constituent element.