JP2696693B2 - Vegetation substrate for slope greening and slope greening method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a slope containing a long-term nutrient replenishing substrate which supplies nutrients for growing plants on the slope to stably maintain the fertilizing effect for a long period of several years or more. The present invention relates to a slope greening method using a vegetation substrate for greening and a long-term nutrient supply substrate.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION While soil corrodes and accumulates animal and plant remains, it is constantly being mineralized. Therefore, when the natural organic matter circulation is interrupted, the plant cannot be grown healthy unless the organic matter is appropriately applied. Therefore, animal and plant fertilizers, self-sufficient organic fertilizers, so-called organic fertilizers derived from organic wastes, and various chemical fertilizers are used.

[0003] In the case of chemical fertilizers, there are chemical fertilizers which use a single fertilizer or a fertilizer raw material, granulate it by a chemical operation, and guarantee two or more of the three elements of the fertilizer. Is less than 30%, ordinary chemical fertilizer, 30% or more advanced chemical fertilizer, slow-acting chemical fertilizer which gradually decomposes in soil like organic fertilizer and keeps fertilizing effect, resin-coated chemical fertilizer, etc. are commercially available. Widely used.

[0004]

In general, the growth of trees and the growth and flowering of flowers require a long-term nitrogen content, but if the nitrogen content elutes in a large amount in a short period of time, growth is inhibited. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the number of application times as much as possible without applying a large amount of fertilizer at once.

However, commercially available chemical fertilizers tend to elute nitrogen in a relatively short period of time. For example, normal chemical fertilizers elute in 2-3 months, and even slow-acting chemical fertilizers elute in 4-6 months. Even for resin-coated chemical fertilizers whose fertilizing effect lasts for a relatively long time, the limit is 2 to 3 years.

Therefore, it may be desirable for some plants to maintain a fertilizing effect for a relatively long time, for example, several years or more. In such a case, it is necessary to set a large number of times of dispensing. Nitrogen fertilizers were also indispensable because nitrogen fertilizers were generally relatively soluble in water and easily washed away by rainwater or irrigation water. However, if the number of times of dispensing is increased, there is a problem that the application cost is naturally increased, and in some cases, such after-care cannot be performed. In particular, when trees are grown in hillside revegetation works or road slope revegetation works, or when growing and flowering flowering plants are attempted to revegetate slopes, they do not run off due to rainwater, irrigation water, etc. There is a need for a vegetation substrate for slope revegetation that will not only settle in the soil, but also stably maintain the fertilizing effect of nutrient replenishment for a long period of several years or more, and will allow plants to grow healthy for a long period of time.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a vegetation substrate for slope greening and a slope greening method capable of stably maintaining fertilizing effect for a long period of several years or more and also protecting the slope.

[0008]

According to the present invention, means for solving the above-mentioned problems are constituted as follows. That is, the invention described in claim 1 of the present application, superposing two meshwork made of corrosion resistant materials that antibacterial processing has been performed, a plurality of accommodating portions in a part thereof, soil conditioner, It is characterized in that a tubular bag filled with a long-term nutrient replenishing substrate formed by mixing a vegetation base material such as a water retention material and a powdery or granular biodegradable urea-based condensation polymer is housed in the housing part. is there. The slope greening for vegetation substrate of the invention described in claim 4 of the present application, superposing two meshwork made of corrosion resistant materials that antibacterial treatment is performed, a plurality of accommodating portions in a part thereof And a tubular bag filled with a long-term nutrient replenishing base material obtained by mixing a vegetation base material such as a soil improvement material, a water retention material, and a powdery or granular microbial degradation type urea-based condensation polymer. It is characterized in that it is accommodated in a part, a thin cotton is stuck on one outer surface of the net-like body, and at least a plant seed is stuck and held on the thin cotton. Furthermore, slope greening for vegetation substrate of the invention described in claim 5 of the present application, superposing two meshwork made of corrosion resistant materials that antibacterial treatment is performed, a plurality of accommodating portions in a part thereof A tubular bag filled with a long-term nutrient replenishing substrate obtained by mixing a vegetation base material such as a soil improvement material and a water retention material, a powdery or granular biodegradable urea-based condensation polymer, and a plant seed Is housed in the housing section. From still another viewpoint, the invention described in claim 6 of the present application is to lay a vegetation substrate for slope greening according to claim 1 on a slope, and then lay the vegetation base on the upper surface as a vegetation base for plants. A slope greening method characterized by spraying a base material. According to the invention described in claim 7 of the present application, after laying the vegetation substrate for slope greening according to claim 5 on a slope, a base material such as soil for serving as a vegetation base for plants is blown on the upper surface thereof. Provide a slope revegetation method characterized by attaching.

[0009]

The urea condensation polymer of the powdery or granular microbial decomposition type is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil and has a nitrogen content of 25%.
% Elute.

The mineralization takes place very slowly,
For example, using Arakida soil as the soil, the mineralization rate (see Table 1) for three months was measured at a temperature of 25 ° C. and under a condition containing 50% of the maximum water capacity, and the result was 3.2.
４4.0%, and it is confirmed that it takes 5 to 7 years to completely mineralize.

Therefore, for example, when the present urea-based condensed polymer is applied at 200 g / m ² , 50 g / m ^{2 of} pure nitrogen is supplied to the plant for more than several years, during which the plant can be grown healthy. it can. In addition, as described above, since the progress of mineralization is carried out slowly, there is no risk of germination and growth disorders even when applied in large amounts.

Since the urea-based condensation polymer is decomposed by microorganisms, the urea-based condensed polymer is decomposed a lot in the most effective period of plant growth from spring to summer and autumn when the activity of microorganisms is active. In addition, since the present urea-based condensation polymer hardly dissolves in water, runoff due to rainwater or the like is avoided, and the fertilizer effect is stably maintained. In particular, since the urea-based condensed polymer can stably maintain the fertilizing effect for a long period of several years or more, a long-term nutrient replenishing base containing the urea-based condensed polymer is filled in a tubular bag, By accommodating the tubular bags in a plurality of accommodating portions of the greening vegetation substrate and laying the same on the slope, plants can be grown healthy for a long period of time, and the slope can be greened. In addition, a mat is attached to at least one outer surface of the mesh, and a vegetation substrate for slope greening in which at least plant seeds are attached and held on the mat, or thin cotton is attached to one outer surface of the mesh. By laying a vegetation substrate for slope greening, in which at least plant seeds are stuck and held on the thin cotton, on the slope, greening and protection of the slope can be advantageously performed. In addition, by laying the vegetation substrate for slope greening on the slope, the slope can be protected and the vegetation base of the plant can be secured in addition to the slope greening. Furthermore, the vegetation substrate for slope greening is
After laying on the slope, spraying a base material such as soil on the top surface of the plant as a vegetation base to form a vegetation base layer enables plants to grow healthy for a long time and stabilizes the slope. Can contribute to

[0013]

EXAMPLES Examples of the vegetation substrate for slope greening of the present invention will be described in detail below. First, the long-term nutrient replenishment substrate used for the vegetation substrate for slope greening of the present invention will be described. The biodegradable urea-based condensed polymer is powdery
g containing 25 g of pure nitrogen in soil, when this is applied to soil, it is decomposed by microorganisms, slow mineralization proceeds over a long period of several years or more, and a small amount of nitrogen is sequentially eluted, resulting in a total amount of 25 g. Releases nitrogen for plant growth.

Such urea-based condensation polymers include:
For example, a commercially available product called Mikurea [Nitto Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.] can be used as a raw material of a general molded product. In the present embodiment, the product was dispersed in soil as powder and the mineralization ratio was measured. As a result, preferable values as shown in Table 1 were obtained.

[0015]

In this experiment, Arakida soil was used as the soil, and 0.1 g, 0.2 g,
0.4 g of powdery Mikulea was sprayed, and the mineralization rate was measured over a period of 3 months at a temperature of 25 ° C. and under a condition containing 50% of the maximum water content.

As a result, the mineralization rate is 3.2 to 4.0%, and it takes a long period of 5 to 7 years to completely mineralize,
It has been confirmed that the composition has an ultra-slow application effect in which mineralization gradually proceeds over a very long period. Incidentally, when the present urea-based condensation polymer is applied at 200 g / m ² , the total amount of nitrogen content eluted into the soil is 50 g / m ² , and this nitrogen content contributes to the growth of plants for more than several years. Becomes

Since the urea-based condensed polymer is decomposed by microorganisms, the urea-based condensed polymer is decomposed a lot during the most effective period of plant growth from spring to summer and autumn when the activity of microorganisms is active, so that the application effect is reduced. In addition, since the urea-based condensation polymer hardly dissolves in water, runoff due to rainwater or the like is avoided, and the fertilizer effect is stably maintained.

As described above, since the urea-based condensation polymer has a super-slow effect, it is also characterized by a small germination and growth disorder even when applied in a large amount. For example, when 500 g / m ^{2 of} a urea-based condensation polymer is sprayed, 125 g / m ^{2 of a} pure nitrogen content becomes several years (approximately 6 g / m ^2).
It gradually elutes over about a year) and elutes with a nitrogen content of about 5 g / m ^{2 in} three months, but if it is about this amount, there is no concern about the occurrence of trouble. By the way, when 200 g / m ^{2 of} a general advanced chemical fertilizer (three elements are mixed at a ratio of 15:15:15) is applied, a pure nitrogen content is 30 g / m 2.
² elutes in about 3 months, causing germination and growth disorders.

Further, according to an experiment conducted to confirm the growth effect of the present urea-based condensation polymer, favorable results as shown in Table 2 were obtained.

[0021]

This is made of Bonric paper [Vensei Paper Co., Ltd.], which is capable of germinating and growing vegetation, having a diameter of 2.5 cm and a length of 1 cm.
m bags, in which 60 g of bark compost, 10 g of advanced chemical fertilizer (three elements; 15:15:15) and 250 cc of vermiculite, 1.5 g / bag of seed K31F (Kentucky 31 fescue). For the one packed with the mixture (standard section), the one packed with 5 g / bag of the present urea-based condensation polymer (section with addition of 5 g of polymer), and the one packed with 15 g / bag of this urea-based condensation polymer (section with addition of 15 g of polymer), Two years later, a cutting survey per bag was carried out, and the weight of fresh grass and its dry weight were measured.

As is clear from the table, the weight of the fresh grass and the weight of the dry weight are larger in both the 5 g polymer-added section and the 15 g polymer-added section than in the standard section where the present urea-based condensation polymer is not applied. It was found that the urea-based condensed polymer was very effective as a fertilizer.

From these two experimental results, a maintenance-free and inexpensive long-term nutrient replenishing substrate can be obtained which has a stable fertilizing effect for a long period of several years or more, using a powdery urea-based condensation polymer as a main component. Proved to be possible. Such a long-term nutrient replenishment substrate can be used in general fertilizer application methods,
In other words, various application modes can be applied, such as various types of spraying, and filling and application of fertilizer bags or vegetation bags together with other water retention materials or chemical fertilizers. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a method of spraying vegetation material by a spraying device, wherein 1 is a spraying device mounted on a cart 2, for example, and 3 is a spraying substrate 4 supplied. A spray nozzle for spraying the spray substrate 4, which is connected to the spray device 1 through a spray substrate supply hose 5 and fed by a blower 6, onto a slope 7, a water tank 8,
9 is a water pump, 10 is a water supply hose for supplying the water sent by the water pump 9 to the spray nozzle 3, 1
Numeral 2 is a bagged long-term nutrient replenishing substrate, 11 is a conveyor 11 for transporting the long-term nutrient replenishing substrate 12 to the spraying device 1, and 13 is a generator 13 as a driving power source.

The above-mentioned long-term nutrient replenishment substrate 12 is made of a soil improving material for enhancing water retention and fertilizing power, which is obtained by appropriately mixing peat moss, bark, pearlite fine particles, bermulite, a superabsorbent polymer, and the above-mentioned powder. A urea-based condensate polymer is mixed with various kinds of fast-acting fertilizer, slow-acting fertilizer, and slow-acting fertilizer in an appropriate ratio, and these are packed in a bag.

In the spraying method using such a spraying device 1, the long-term nutrient replenishing base 12 is taken out of the bag and the conveyor 1
At step 1, the seeds selected according to the slope 7 and the powdery erosion inhibitor as a sizing material are put into the tank in the spraying device 1 and the mixture is stirred and stirred for a long time. A predetermined spraying base material 4 in which the replenishment base 12 and the seeds are stirred and mixed is obtained, and this is sprayed from the spraying nozzle 3 together with water to the construction target surface 7. Table 3 shows the amount of the sprayed substrate 4 per 1 m ³ .

[0028]

The spray base material 4 having such a composition is first
By this spraying method, it is possible to spray the slope 7 without being scattered by mixing with water. In the sprayed state, the features of the long-term nutrient replenishing substrate 12 described above are exhibited, the application cost can be remarkably reduced without maintenance, and the plant can be grown healthy for a long period of time.

FIG. 2 shows the structure of an apparatus in which the mortar gun 21 sprays the long-term nutrient replenishing substrate 12. In this case, the bagged long-term nutrient replenishing substrate 12 is charged into the stirring tank 22 by the belt conveyor 23. While
Water is supplied by a water pump 25, mixed with the long-term nutrient replenishing substrate 12 in the stirring tank 22, and is supplied to a spray nozzle (not shown) by pressure air from a compressor 26. Is sprayed on the construction target surface. Even by such a spraying method, the fertilizer effect can be stably and favorably maintained for a long period of time, and the plant can be grown healthy. In addition, 2
7 is a measuring instrument, 28 is a water meter, and 29 is a generator.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show one embodiment of a vegetation substrate for slope greening, in which a plant seed, a urea-based condensation polymer,
A long-term nutrient replenishing base material, which is a mixture with a vegetation base material 35 such as a water retention material or a soil improvement material, is filled in the bag-shaped bag body 50, and the cylindrical bag body 50 is housed in a housing part 34 provided in the mesh body 31. A vegetation substrate 71 for slope greening is laid on the slope 38.

The reticulated body 31 of the slope greening vegetation substrate 71 is
Warp 32 made of corrosion resistant materials that antibacterial treatment is performed For example
And the weft yarn 33 are woven to form a vegetation substrate 71 for slope greening.
, Two net-like bodies 31, 31 are superimposed, and a housing part 34 is provided in a part thereof. On the other hand, the long-term nutrient replenishment base including the vegetation base material 35 is filled into the cylindrical bag 50 to form a tube, which is inserted into the storage portion 34, thereby facilitating the storage operation on site.

As described above, the vegetation substrate 7 for greening a slope having the long-term nutrient replenishment substrate including the vegetation substrate 35 accommodated in the tubular bag 50.
1 is laid on a slope 38 such as a hillside and fixed with an anchor pin or an anchor bolt 36 or the like;
Is sprayed on the outer surface of the base material with a spray base material 37, such as soil, which serves as a plant vegetation base (see FIG. 4).

The mesh 3 of the above-described slope greening vegetation substrate 71
1, as described above, since it is formed by the warp 32 and weft 33 made of corrosion resistant materials that antibacterial treatment is performed for a period of six months to 2 years is laid on slope 38 of the required strength And protect the slope 38 to secure the vegetation base of the plant, but its strength gradually decreases, and when the plant seeds germinate and grow, they are decomposed and corroded and homogenized into the soil. Is done. Therefore, the net 31 remains semi-permanently on the slope 38 and can contribute to environmental greening without causing a pollution problem.

On the other hand, since the urea-based condensation polymer does not dissolve in water, even after the reticulated body 31 is homogenized in the soil, it does not run off due to rainwater or irrigation water, and is stably fixed in the soil for a long time. Plants can be grown healthy, and maintenance-free green vegetation can be achieved with little application cost.

FIGS. 5 to 7 show different embodiments of the vegetation base for slope greening. In the vegetation base for slope greening 72 shown in FIG. And a tubular bag 50 filled with a long-term nutrient replenishing base made of a vegetation base 45 such as a water retention material or a soil improvement material, and a water-soluble paste such as polyvinyl alcohol is provided on at least one outer surface of the net 41. The plant seeds 46 are directly adhered and held via the agent, and the urea-based condensation polymer 47 and the soil improving material 48 are adhered and held together with the plant seeds 46. Further, the reticulated body 41 has a plant seed 46 interposed between corrosive materials such as water-soluble paper and cotton swab, and a urea-based condensation polymer 4.
A so-called upholstered turf body sandwiched together with the soil improving material 7 or the soil improving material 48 may be attached.

In the slope greening vegetation substrate 73 shown in FIG. 6, a mat 49 capable of germinating and growing plant seeds is attached to at least one outer surface of the reticulated body 41, and the plant seeds 46 are dissolved on the mat 49. It is adhered and held through a sizing agent. In addition, the mat 49 may be made to adhere and hold the urea-based condensation polymer 47 and the soil improvement material 48 together with the plant seeds 46.

The vegetation bases 72 and 73 for slope greening constructed as described above are laid on a slope 38 such as a hillside, for example, as shown in FIG.
It is fixed at 6 mag.

In the above configuration, the net 4
By forming a corrosive material antibacterial processing has been performed, previous embodiment as well as prevent the occurrence of pollution problems, and it is possible to grow healthy plants for a long time. When the superabsorbent polymer is stored in the cylindrical bag 50 and is stored in the storage portion 44, the cylindrical bag 50 expands due to moisture such as rainwater and the mesh 41 is formed on the slope 38. To adhere
The required number of anchor pins, anchor bolts 36 and the like can be reduced, and in the dry season or the like, the water absorbed and retained by the superabsorbent polymer is gradually supplied to the plants, and more healthy growth is achieved.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show another embodiment of a vegetation substrate 74 for greening, which comprises a front net 52 and a back net 5.
3 and a double structure superimposed comprising a reticulated body 51 constructed from corrosion resistant materials for antibacterial processing has been performed, the two nets 5
A housing portion 59 is formed in the direction of the weft yarns 57, 58 between the two, 53, and a tubular bag body such as a fertilizer bag 54 storing a long-term nutrient replenishing base or a vegetation bag 55 storing vegetation seeds in the storage portion 59. It is what contained.

In this case, the fertilizer bag 54, the flower plant seeds such as the annual flower plant seeds and the perennial flower plant seeds and the tree seeds are appropriately mixed in the other housing portions 59a in the housing portions 59. Vegetation bag 55b and the storage portion 9
The grass seeds and flower plant seeds or tree seeds are housed in a separate state, such as housing a vegetation bag 55b housing grass seeds in the housing portion 9b sandwiched between the a and 9a. Greening with good balance can be achieved over the entire surface 38. Reference numeral 60 in FIG. 8 is a thin cotton made of soft cloth adhered to the upper surface of the back net 53. On the upper surface, together with a urea-based condensation polymer or a water retention material 61, for example, a flower plant, wild grass or tree Vegetation seeds 6
2 is spread and held over the entire surface by an adhesive such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). As shown in FIG. 9, the anchor 36 may be driven into the lower part of the fertilizer bag 54, and the stop needle 39 may be driven into the center of the vegetation bag 55b.

As described above, the long-term nutrient replenishment base is applied in various forms of spraying as in the case of ordinary fertilizers, and is packed in a vegetation bag or a fertilizer bag by mixing it with other water retention materials, soil improvement materials, or the like. Not only can it be applied, but it can be widely applied in any form, such as spraying by hand-spraying or spreading and embedding in soil.

[0043]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since a long-term nutrient replenishment base obtained by mixing a powdery or granular microbial degradation type urea-based condensation polymer with a soil improvement material, a vegetation base material such as a water retention material and / or a plant seed was filled in a tubular bag, Mineralization is carried out very slowly, and since the urea-based condensation polymer is hardly soluble in water, it is not settled down in the soil, allowing plants to grow stably for more than several years, and is maintenance-free. The application cost can be reduced.

Further, since the urea-based condensation polymer is decomposed by microorganisms, the activity of microorganisms is active from spring to summer.
A relatively large amount of nitrogen is eluted in the season leading to autumn, and plants can be grown effectively. In particular, since the long-term nutrient replenishing substrate containing the urea-based condensation polymer can stably maintain fertilizing effects for a long period of several years or more, the long-term nutrient replenishing substrate is filled in a cylindrical bag, and the slope is filled. The tubular bag body is housed in a plurality of housing portions of the vegetation base for greening,
By laying this vegetation substrate for slope greening on the slope,
Plants can be grown healthy for a long period of time to grow slopes. Furthermore, the slope can be protected and the vegetation base of the plant can be secured. In addition, by spraying the long-term nutrient replenishing substrate as a spray substrate on the slope, the greening of the slope and the stabilization of the slope can be performed more firmly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram for explaining an example of a method for spraying a long-term nutrient replenishment substrate according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram for explaining the different spraying methods.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vegetation substrate for slope greening using the long-term nutrient supply substrate of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a vegetation substrate for slope greening is laid on the slope.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the vegetation substrate for slope greening.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another example of a different embodiment of the vegetation substrate for slope greening.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the vegetation base for slope greening is laid on the slope.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the vegetation substrate for slope greening.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the vegetation substrate for slope greening is laid on the slope.

[Explanation of symbols]

4, 37: spraying base material, 7, 38: slope, 12: long-term nutrient replenishing base, 34, 44, 59: housing part, 47: urea-based condensation polymer, 50: cylindrical bag, 71, 72, 73,7
4 ... Vegetation substrate for slope greening.

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method in which two nets made of a corrosive material subjected to an antibacterial treatment are overlapped, a plurality of storage portions are provided in a part of the nets, and a vegetation base material such as a soil improvement material, a water retention material, and a powder. A vegetation substrate for slope revegetation, characterized in that a cylindrical bag filled with a long-term nutrient replenishing substrate formed by mixing a urea-based condensate polymer in the form of a particle or a microbial degradation is contained in the container. 2. A slope revegetation method according to claim 1, wherein a soil improving material and a powdery or granular biodegradable urea-based condensation polymer are adhered and held together with plant seeds on at least one outer surface of the reticulated body. Vegetation substrate. 3. The vegetation substrate for slope revegetation according to claim 1, wherein a mat is attached to at least one outer surface of the reticulated body, and at least a plant seed is attached and held on the mat. 4. A net-like body made of a corrosive material that has been subjected to an antibacterial treatment , and a plurality of housings are provided in a part of the net-like body. A cylindrical bag filled with a long-term nutrient replenishing substrate obtained by mixing a urea-based condensed polymer in the form of a microbe or a biodegradable type is accommodated in the accommodating portion, and thin cotton is adhered to one outer surface of the mesh. A vegetation substrate for slope greening, wherein at least a plant seed is adhered and held on the thin cotton. 5. A two-layered net made of a corrosive material having been subjected to an antibacterial treatment , and a plurality of storage parts are provided in a part of the net-shaped net. A tubular bag filled with a long-term nutrient replenishing substrate obtained by mixing a urea-based condensation polymer of a biodegradable type in the form of a bacterium and a plant seed with the plant seed, and is accommodated in the accommodating portion. Vegetation substrate. 6. A slope greening method comprising: laying the slope greening vegetation substrate according to claim 1 on a slope, and then spraying a base material such as a soil to be a plant vegetation base on an upper surface thereof. Construction method. 7. A slope greening method comprising: laying the slope greening vegetation substrate according to claim 5 on a slope, and then spraying a base material such as a soil to serve as a plant vegetation base on the upper surface thereof. Construction method.