JPH06181695A - Feed additive granule containing l-ascorbate-2-phosphate compound or salt thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject stable granules contributing to improving the production efficiency for and quality of livestock, by granulating a L-ascorbate-2- phosphate compound with a hardening animal/vegetable fat, etc., followed by coating the resultant granules with a hardening animal/vegetable fat and a substance sparingly soluble under a neutral condition but readily soluble under an acidic condition. CONSTITUTION:Firstly, core granules comprising a L-ascorbate-2-phosphate compound or a salt thereof are produced using (A) a 12-22C fatty acid or a ester thereof, (B) an animal/vegetable fat or hardening animal/vegetable fat >=40 deg.C in melting point or (C) a mixture of at least one kind of wax >=40 deg.C in melting point. Then, the resultant granules are coated with (1) the component A, B or C and (2) a substance 5-30X in mean particle diameter, sparingly soluble under a neutral condition but readily soluble under an acidic condition, thus affording the objective feed additive granules stable in feed and contributing to improving the production efficiency for and quality of livestock through their administration to the livestock.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a feed additive granule for aquatic animals and land animals. In particular, a core granule containing L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate or a salt thereof is coated with an oil and fat using a neutral, hardly soluble, acidic, easily soluble substance having an average particle size of 5 to 30 μm. The present invention relates to an animal feed additive granule for stably maintaining L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate or a salt thereof in various feeds such as crumble pellets and moist pellets under different production conditions. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art L-Ascorbic acid is one of the essential nutrients for collagen synthesis in animals and is added to aquatic animals, land animal feeds, etc. for the purpose of nutritional supplementation and stress control. L-ascorbic acid is deeply involved in collagen production by hydroxylating the proline residue of the collagen precursor in vivo and converting it into a hydroxyproline residue. Therefore, when L-ascorbic acid is deficient, the properties of mucopolysaccharide contained in the intercellular substance of connective tissue are changed, and as a result, the collagen fiber cannot be kept in a healthy state, and pathologically, bleeding from blood vessels. In addition, scurvy symptoms such as poor growth of bone and poor growth of epidermal tissue are exhibited.

Recently, stress countermeasures are applied to feeds for land animals such as chickens, pigs and cows, which are said to self-synthesize L-ascorbic acid in the body, and feeds for pets such as dogs, cats, rabbits and birds. L-ascorbic acid is added to the feed for such purposes. This is due to the temperature of the animal breeding environment, stress against high density breeding, etc.
-The addition of ascorbic acid to the feed is effective in reducing stress.

Further, addition of L-ascorbic acid to the feed is effective as a preventive agent for liver damage caused by lipid peroxides in the feed and as a radical scavenger in the blood and as an immunopotentiator. It is said.

As described above, L-ascorbic acid is one of the very important nutrients for breeding economical animals and has been added to animal feeds from the past. There is a problem that it is stable and most of it is decomposed during the production of feed and during storage, and various stabilization techniques have been conventionally used for this. These techniques are roughly classified into a method of adding L-ascorbic acid and its salts together with an organic acid and an antioxidant, and a special coating on L-ascorbic acid and its salts to physically add oxygen and feed salts. Method for protecting L-ascorbic acid from L-ascorbic acid degrading enzyme (Japanese Patent Application Nos. 57-88103 and 56-10356)
4) Furthermore, by chemically substituting the enediol group of L-ascorbic acid to synthesize a chemically stable derivative of L-ascorbic acid and adding it to the feed, L-ascorbic acid can be produced in vivo. A method of expressing the activity as an acid has been used.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention A method of adding L-ascorbic acid or a salt thereof to an animal feed together with an antioxidant or a method of applying a special coating to protect L-ascorbic acid or a salt thereof from oxidation is used. For feed produced at a relatively low temperature of 70 ° C or lower, such as crumble pellets and moist pellets, L in the production process
-Although the decomposition of ascorbic acid is small, the stability of these L-ascorbic acid-coated products in pellet feed is poor. In addition, due to environmental protection measures, labor saving, etc., the demand for extrusion pellets has been rapidly increasing recently.
In (EP feed), the pellet raw material is 110 ° C to 20 ° C.
The starch in the raw material is gelatinized and produced by raising the temperature to 0 ° C. Therefore, in these methods, there is a problem that most of L-ascorbic acid and its salts are decomposed depending on the conditions of high temperature and high pressure during the manufacturing process. Further, if the coating is made strong to prevent decomposition during the manufacturing process, the absorption of L-ascorbic acids is proportionally obstructed, and there is a problem that the L-ascorbic acid is discharged out of the body along with the dung.

In order to solve these problems, L
-A method has been developed in which a derivative of ascorbic acid is added to the feed. As the chemically stable derivative of L-ascorbic acid, the one that is stabilized against oxidation by the substitution of the hydroxyl group at the 2-position or 3-position of L-ascorbic acid is the most suitable and a typical one. Examples include 2- or 3-position sulfates and phosphates. It has been confirmed that these derivatives remain with almost no decomposition even in the EP feed manufacturing process. As an example of adding these derivatives to feed, an example of adding L-ascorbic acid-2-sulfate to aquatic animal feed (Halve
r, etc., Federation proc., 31, 705, 1972), an example of adding L-ascorbic acid-2-monophosphate to a feed (JP-A-61-175142, 62-19861).
5, 62-285759), L-ascorbic acid-2-
Example of adding polyphosphate ester to feed (Japanese Patent Application No. 61-
503565) and the like are known.

However, these L-ascorbic acid-stabilized derivatives also have some serious problems. For example, L-ascorbic acid-2-sulfate is active in fish and crustaceans (Halver, NY Acd.
sci., 285, 81, 1975), guinea pigs and monkeys show no L-ascorbic acid activity (Aklin, Am.
J. clin. Nutr., 29, 825, 1976). In addition, the activity of L-ascorbic acid-2-sulfate is significantly lower than that of L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate in American catfish (proc. 3Int. Symp. On Feeding and Nutr. In
Fish, 1989) etc., and they do not have activities common to all living organisms, and it is necessary to confirm the effect of addition to the feed for each animal type.

On the other hand, in most organisms, high L
-As a drawback of L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate esters, which are said to have ascorbic acid activity, exist in biological components such as wheat germ and bran, which are sometimes added to feed, and fish meal, etc. in feed ingredients. Enzymes and acidic substances and F
Ascorbic acid-2 by metals such as e and certain bacteria
-The decomposition of phosphoric acids is promoted and L-ascorbic acid-2-
There is a problem that the concentration of phosphoric acids decreases. These problems often occur when added to feed such as moist pellets and milk replayers such as cows and pigs,
There is a problem that ascorbic acid-2-phosphate cannot be stably maintained in the feed.

[0010]

The present inventors have found that L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, or a salt thereof, in a feed containing an ester-decomposing substance of L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate in the feed. In order to maintain the stability of L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate in the feed containing a decomposition substance of L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, as a result, L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, or its salts, carbon Fatty acid or fatty acid ester having a number of 12 to 22, one or more mixtures selected from animal and vegetable oils and fats having a melting point of 40 ° C or higher, or hardened animal and vegetable oils and fats and waxes having a melting point of 40 ° C or more, and in some cases 2 -Hydroxycarboxylic acid, its salt, or a chelating agent is used to granulate a core granule containing L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphoric acid, or its salt, and this granule has 1 carbon atoms. To 22 fatty acid or fatty acid ester, an average particle diameter 5~30μ mp 40 ° C. or more fats and oils from animals and plants or cured animal and plant oils, one or more kinds of mixtures selected from a melting point 40 ° C. or more wax
The feed additive granules containing L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate or a salt thereof coated with a neutral, sparingly soluble, acidic, and easily soluble substance are L-ascorbic acid-2. The present invention has been completed by finding that L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate or a salt thereof is kept stable in a feed containing a substance decomposing phosphoric acid.

The present invention will be described in more detail below. The L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphates or salts thereof in the present invention are, for example, L-ascorbic acid-2-monophosphate, L-ascorbic acid-2-pyrophosphate, L-ascorbic acid-2-triline. Acids and simple substances such as L-ascorbic acid-2-polyphosphoric acid, mixtures or complexes thereof, and salts thereof include alkali metals or alkaline earth metals such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and aluminum, and Examples thereof include salts such as tertiary amines.

In the present invention, a fatty acid or fatty acid ester having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, an animal or vegetable fat or oil having a melting point of 40 ° C. or higher, or a hardened animal or vegetable oil or fat, a wax having a melting point of 40 ° C. or more,
The one or two or more mixtures selected from waxes include, for example, animal and vegetable fats and oils having a melting point of 40 ° C. or higher or hardened animal and vegetable fats and oils, such as palm oil, beef tallow, 54 hardened beef tallow, beef tallow hardened oil, lard, Hardened castor oil, hardened rapeseed oil, etc. as wax and wax, beeswax, carnauba wax,
Wood wax etc. are mentioned.

Examples of the neutral, hardly soluble, acidic and easily soluble substances include, for example, calcium carbonate, tribasic calcium phosphate, dibasic calcium phosphate, tribasic magnesium phosphate, zinc phosphate, aluminum phosphate and silicic acid. Examples thereof include calcium, calcium pyrophosphate, magnesium carbonate, lead carbonate and cobalt carbonate. These can be used at the time of granulation or coating and any crystal form can be used, but when used for coating, a plate crystal is preferable.

The 2-hydroxycarboxylic acid or its salt in the present invention means oxalic acid, lactic acid, citric acid,
Examples thereof include organic acids having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as malic acid and the like, or alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts thereof such as potassium and sodium.

The chelating agent in the present invention means, for example, phosphoric acid such as polyphosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, monophosphoric acid, trimethanoic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or its alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. Etc. These can be used arbitrarily, but the addition amount of 2-hydroxycarboxylic acids and chelating agents is L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate,
Alternatively, a range of 10 ^-9 to 10 ⁵ times by weight of the salt is suitable.

Any known method can be used for granulating a feed additive granule containing L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate or a salt thereof. For example, a spray cooling method, a stirring granulation method, an extrusion granulation method, a compression granulation method and the like can be mentioned. In addition, at this time, a commonly used excipient can be used.

The core granules are coated with L-ascorbic acid-2-using a rolling granulator, a stirring granulator or the like.
For core granules containing phosphoric acid or salts thereof,
The above oils and fats are added as a melt, and the average particle size is 5 to 30 μm.
The neutral, sparingly soluble, acidic, and easily soluble substance is alternately added to form a coating layer while cooling and solidifying. Also,
At this time, it is preferable to use a plate crystal for the neutral, hardly soluble substance, acidic substance, and easily soluble substance.

The amount of oils and fats used in granulating feed additive granules containing L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphates or salts thereof and the amount of oils and fats used in the coating layer are
It is 10% by weight or more based on the total amount of the finished granule. 10
If it is less than wt%, L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphates,
Alternatively, the stability of the salt is poor and there is no effect. Further, when used in an extremely large amount, there is a problem such that the content of L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate or its salt becomes small.

The size of these granules is preferably as small as possible, and is usually 1 mm or less, preferably 0.5 mm or less.

In the present invention, the oils and fats in the granulation or coating layer are L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate or its salts dissolved in the feed, oxidants from the feed,
Water is for preventing the invasion of various enzymes.
Further, 2-hydroxycarboxylic acid, a salt thereof, or a chelating agent is a substance that prevents decomposition of L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphates, or L-ascorbic acid or dehydroascorbic acid by oxygens, and is neutral. The substance that is hardly soluble, acidic, and easily soluble acts as an elution accelerator for L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphates or salts thereof in the living body.

[0021]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

(1) Example 1 L-ascorbic acid-2-magnesium phosphate 450
g, dicalcium phosphate 330 g, calcium carbonate 4
0 g, 180 g of beef tallow hardened oil was put into a stirring granulator,
Melt heating granulation was carried out to obtain 20 to 42 mesh granules. 800 g of the obtained granules were put into a stirring granulator, the product temperature was set to 50 ° C., and 160 g of extremely hardened beef tallow oil, the second
240 g of plate crystals of calcium phosphate dihydrate were added alternately to perform coating. The stability test in various feeds was performed on this granule.

(2) Example 2 L-ascorbic acid-2-magnesium phosphate 450
g, dibasic calcium phosphate 240 g, calcium carbonate 4
0 g, calcium lactate 90 g, beef tallow hardened oil 190 g
Is charged into a stirring granulator and melt-heated granulation is carried out to 20 to 4
A 2-mesh granule was obtained. 800 g of the obtained granules are charged into a stirring granulator, the product temperature is set to 50 ° C., 160 g of melted beef tallow extremely hardened oil, and 240 g of plate crystals of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate are alternately added for coating. It was The obtained granules were tested for stability in various feeds.

(3) Example 3 450 g of L-ascorbic acid-2-calcium phosphate,
Secondary calcium phosphate 240g, calcium carbonate 40
g, potassium metaphosphate 90g, beef tallow hardened oil 185
20g to a stirring granulator, melt-heat granulation, and
A 42 mesh granule was obtained. 800 g of the obtained granules,
The mixture was placed in a stirring granulator, the product temperature was adjusted to 50 ° C., 160 g of melted beef tallow extremely hardened oil, and 240 g of plate crystals of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate were alternately added for coating. The stability test in various feeds was performed on this granule.

(4) Example 4 450 g of L-ascorbic acid-2-sodium phosphate,
Secondary calcium phosphate 240g, calcium carbonate 40
g, calcium lactate 45 g, potassium metaphosphate 45
g, and 185 g of beef tallow extremely hardened oil were charged into a stirring granulator and subjected to melt heating granulation to obtain a granule of 20 to 42 mesh.
800 g of the obtained granules are put into a stirring granulator and the product temperature is 5
The temperature was set to 0 ° C., and 160 g of a beef tallow extremely hardened oil and 240 g of plate crystals of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate were added alternately to perform coating. The stability test in various feeds was performed on this granule.

(5) Comparative Example 1 L-ascorbic acid 300 g, dibasic calcium phosphate 4
80 g, calcium carbonate 40 g, beef tallow extremely hardened oil 180
20g to a stirring granulator, melt-heat granulation, and
A 42 mesh granule was obtained. The obtained granules were tested for stability in various feeds.

(6) Comparative Examples 2 to 4 As controls for stability test in feed, L-ascorbic acid (Comparative Example 2), calcium L-ascorbate (Comparative Example 3), L-ascorbic acid-2- A stability test of magnesium phosphate (Comparative Example 4) alone was performed.

(7) Method of Stability Test in Moist Pellet Feed Mixing sardine mince and powder blended feed at a ratio of 1: 1 and the test granules and the feed as L-ascorbic acid were mixed with each other.
Each feed was added so as to be 05% (completion standard), mixed well and pelletized. The powdered feed composition at this time is shown in Table 1.

[0029]

[Table 1]

L-ascorbic acid or L at the time of compounding
-Based on the ascorbic acid-2-phosphate content,
The residual rate after 24 hours of standing at room temperature was determined and the results are shown in Table 2. L-ascorbic acid or L-ascorbic acid-2
-The analysis of phosphate ester was performed under the conditions of high performance liquid chromatography shown in Table 1.

[0031]

[Table 2]

(8) Stability test in crumbled feed To a feed raw material having the composition shown in Table 3 below, 0.05% (as a completion standard) of test granules and feed were added as L-ascorbic acid to produce a usual commercial feed. A crumble feed for aquatic animals was prepared by the process.

[0033]

[Table 3]

The loss on drying of the prepared feed (value at 105 ° C. for 3 hours) was about 7% in all cases. This feed was stored in a greenhouse, the amount added at the time of compounding was set to 100%, and the residual rate in the feed after 100 days was determined by the following analytical method. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0035]

[Table 4]

(9) Stability test in EP feed L-test granules and samples were added to feed ingredients having the compositions shown in Table 5 below.
Ascorbic acid was added in an amount of 0.05% (as a standard for completion), and an EP feed for marine animals was produced with a twin-screw extruder according to a usual commercial feed production process.

[0037]

[Table 5]

This feed was stored at room temperature, the amount added at the time of compounding was set to 100%, and the residual rate in the feed after 30 days was determined by the following analytical method. The results are shown in Table 6. (APM analysis) Grind the feed sample in an agate bowl,
The 0.3 g was precisely weighed, 10 ml of water was added, and the mixture was shaken vigorously. This was centrifuged to obtain a supernatant, which was filtered through a membrane filter (0.45 Nicron) and then analyzed under the conditions of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) shown in Table 6 below.

[0039]

[Table 6]

(10) Formulated feed for lactating calf L-test granules and feed were used as feed ingredients having the compositions shown in Table 7 below.
Ascorbic acid was added in an amount of 0.05% (as a standard of completion) and blended by a usual commercial feed manufacturing process.

[0041]

[Table 7]

This feed was stored at a temperature of 40 ° C., and L-ascorbic acid or L-ascorbic acid-2- was prepared at the time of compounding.
The residual rate of magnesium phosphate after 30 days was determined based on the results, and the results are shown in Table 8. The analysis of L-ascorbic acid or magnesium L-ascorbate was performed by high performance liquid chromatography under the condition (9).

[0043]

[Table 8]

[0044]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The feed additive granules containing the L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphates or salts thereof obtained by the present invention are stable in various feeds, and the L-ascorbic acid component is It is an industrially useful technology that can be effectively administered to animals and can contribute to the improvement of animal production efficiency and quality.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate or a salt thereof is used as a fatty acid or a fatty acid ester having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, an animal or vegetable oil or fat having a melting point of 40 ° C. or higher, or a hardened animal or vegetable oil or fat, or a wax having a melting point of 40 ° C. or more. -A core granule containing L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate or a salt thereof is granulated using one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds selected from waxes, and a fatty acid having 12 to 22 carbon atoms or a fatty acid. Ester, animal or vegetable oil or fat having a melting point of 40 ° C or higher, or hardened animal or vegetable oil or fat, wax or wax having a melting point of 40 ° C or more, and a mixture of one or more kinds, and an average particle diameter of 5 to 30 µm, which is neutral and hardly soluble And a feed additive granule containing L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate or a salt thereof, which is coated with a substance that is acidic and easily soluble. 2. The L-ascorbic acid according to claim 1, wherein the core granule containing L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate or a salt thereof contains 2-hydroxycarboxylic acid, a salt thereof or a chelating agent. -2-Feed additive granules containing phosphoric acid or salts thereof.