JPH0617933B2 - Solar lighting - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a daylighting device for sunlight, and more particularly to a daylighting device suitable for use when guiding sunlight into a building.

“Conventional technology” Conventionally, it is possible to guide sunlight that has been concentrated in other places to a place where sunlight does not hit directly (for example, underground facilities such as underground malls and basements, or inside houses in densely populated houses). It has been studied, and as an example, for example, the sixth
A daylighting device having a structure shown in the figure is known.

The daylighting device 1 is installed outdoors in a place where there is no obstacle, and is installed toward the sun and condensing the sunlight S toward one point (for example, Fresnel lens) 2 and the converging lens 2. An optical fiber cable 3 for guiding the sunlight S to a required location, one end surface of the optical fiber cable 3, that is, a light-receiving surface 3a is installed near the converging position of the sunlight S, and the other end surface (Not shown) has a schematic configuration in which it is positioned at a required position. While allowing the condenser lens 2 to follow the movement of the sun,
When the sunlight is converged, the converged sunlight is transmitted to the place where the sunlight irradiation is required by the optical fiber cable 3.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" The present invention is intended to solve the following problems in the above-described conventional technology.

That is, in the above-mentioned daylighting device 1, in order to reliably enter the sunlight S into the optical fiber cable 3, the end portion of the optical fiber cable 3 on the side where the light receiving surface 3a is formed and the condensing lens 2 are provided. It is necessary to fix and to fix the relative positional relationship between the light receiving surface 3a and the condenser lens 2, but when the condenser lens 2 is made to follow the movement of the sun,
Since the condensing lens 2 is moved within a range of about 180 degrees, the optical fiber cable 3 is largely bent, whereby the sunlight S leaks during the transmission and the transmission loss increases. The problem is that it will end up. Further, when the sunlight S is incident on the optical fiber cable 3 through the light receiving surface 3a, the incident angle of the sunlight S on the light receiving surface 3a is not constant,
As shown in FIG. 7, a part of the sunlight S is reflected on the light-receiving surface 3a to increase the incident light loss, which tends to cause a decrease in the light-collecting efficiency. Further, in the condenser lens 2 that converges the sunlight S into one point,
Conventionally, a Fresnel lens has been used, but the Fresnel lens has a large light input loss at the time of converging the sunlight S and has a large aperture in practical use, which increases the cost of the Fresnel lens, and thus the above-mentioned. This is a problem that the cost of the daylighting device 1 is increased.

In order to solve such a problem, the condenser lens 2
Also, a solar light collecting device in which a plurality of mirrors are connected with their reflecting surfaces inside instead of the optical fiber cable 3 has been studied, but when the mirror corresponding to the condenser lens 2 is made to follow the movement of the sun. And the sunlight S reflected by the mirror
Since it also moves in a wide range, there is a problem that the area of the mirror corresponding to the optical fiber cable 3 that guides sunlight in a certain direction inevitably increases, and it may be an effective solution. Not not.

"Means for Solving Problems" The present invention is to provide a sunlight collecting device that can effectively solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the sunlight collecting device is installed toward the sun. The curved mirror that bends the sunlight in the light guiding direction and converges it to a single point, the control mechanism that supports the curved mirror and swings it in both the longitude and latitude directions, and the control mechanism and the curved mirror. And a position adjusting mechanism which is connected to a link mechanism provided between the position adjusting mechanism and a fixed direction of the light guiding direction of the sunlight which is bent by the curved mirror by matching the incident direction of the sunlight. The position adjusting mechanism has a substantially columnar shape with an inclined surface formed on the distal end side and a flange formed on the proximal end side, and has one light-receiving element on the distal end surface. Has multiple light receiving elements at a predetermined pitch A sun tracking sensor is provided, and the control mechanism is driven by a signal from a light receiving element provided on the tip surface and the inclined surface of the sun tracking sensor, and the received light amount difference between the light receiving elements on the tip surface and the inclined surface is driven. After the coarse adjustment is performed by directing the position adjusting mechanism in the direction in which there is no change or in the direction in which the amount of light received by the light receiving element on the tip end surface is maximized, the control mechanism is driven by a signal from the light receiving element provided on the flange. And a control unit for aligning the position adjusting mechanism with the incident direction of sunlight by performing fine adjustment by directing the position adjusting mechanism in a direction in which all the light receiving amounts of the light receiving elements provided on the flange become uniform. It is characterized by

"Operation" The present invention minimizes the movement of the light transmitting section by guiding the sunlight converged by the curved mirror in a constant direction by the link mechanism at the same time, It is intended to suppress diffusion and make transmission processing simple and efficient. Moreover, the control unit drives the control mechanism in response to the signals from the light receiving elements provided on the tip surface and the inclined surface of the sun tracking sensor to prevent the difference in the amount of light received by the light receiving elements on the tip surface and the inclined surface from changing. After the coarse adjustment is performed by directing the position adjustment mechanism in the direction that maximizes the amount of light received by the light receiving element on the tip surface, the control mechanism is driven by the signal from the light receiving element provided on the flange, and the light receiving provided on the flange is received. Direct the position adjustment mechanism to the direction in which all the light received by the element is uniform, and adjust the position adjustment mechanism to the incident direction of sunlight to make the curved light guide direction of the sunlight in the curved mirror. However, the curved mirror is automatically and accurately adjusted in a short time with the minimum movement of the curved mirror, and is constantly maintained in a constant direction.

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on a preferred example shown in Figs. 1 to 5.

Reference numeral 4 in FIG. 1 indicates a solar lighting device according to this embodiment (hereinafter abbreviated as a lighting device), which is installed on the roof of the building B or the like.

The daylighting device 4 is installed toward the sun and receives sunlight S
Curved mirror 5 that bends in the light guiding direction and converges at one point, a control mechanism 6 that supports the curved mirror 5 and swings it in both meridian and latitude directions, the control mechanism 6 and the curved mirror. 5 is provided between the curved mirror 5 and
By adjusting the swing position of the
And a link mechanism 7 which always makes the light guiding direction of the same constant direction.

Next, these will be described in detail. The control mechanism 6 is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a base 10 mounted on a building B and a rotatably mounted base 10. The first rotating member 11 and the first rotating member 11
To the second rotating member 12.12 (one of the second rotating members is rotatably attached along a plane passing through the rotation center line).
12 is not shown), and both of these rotating members 11 and 12
For the purpose of controlling the pair of drive mechanisms 13 and 14 that make the rotation of the pair, and the pair of drive mechanisms 13 and 14, rotatably attached so as to have the same rotation center line as the second rotation member 12. The position adjustment mechanism 15 is provided. The curved mirror 5 is fixedly attached to the second rotating member 12 so that the center lines of rotation thereof are the same.

One drive mechanism 13 for driving the first rotating member 11
Is a gear 16 integrally attached to the first rotating member 11.
And is attached to the base 10 and the gear 16
The other drive mechanism for driving the second rotation member 12 and an electric motor 17 that meshes with and rotates.
Reference numeral 14 denotes a helical gear 18 attached to the rotary shaft of the second rotating member 12, and a helical gear 18 attached to the first rotating member 11 and meshes with the helical gear 18 to rotate the same. And an electric motor 19 forming the.

The control mechanism 6 having such a configuration is installed so that the rotation axis of the first rotation member 11 is located in the plane passing through the meridian line, and the first rotation mechanism 13 drives the first rotation mechanism. The curved member 5 is moved along the latitudinal direction by rotating the moving member 11, and the curved member 5 is moved by rotating the second rotating member 12 by the other driving mechanism 14. The curved mirror 5 is moved along the meridian direction so that the curved mirror 5 follows the moving sun.

As shown in FIG. 2, the link mechanism 7 rotates the slider 20 attached to the second rotating member 12, the slider 20, the first rotating member 11, and the position adjusting mechanism 15. It is composed of a pair of links 21 that are movably connected. Then, the link mechanism 7 adjusts the rotational position of the position adjusting mechanism 15 so as to always form a constant angle with respect to a vertical line with respect to the center of the reflecting surface of the curved mirror 5, and faces the position adjusting mechanism 15. The angle between the direction of light and the direction of light guiding is determined by the curved mirror 5
The turning position of the curved mirror 5 is adjusted so that the curved mirror 5 is always divided into two equal parts by an imaginary line passing through and in contact with the center.

Further, in this embodiment, the sun tracking sensor 25 that obtains the control information in order to adjust the rotational position of the curved mirror 5 by controlling the operation of both drive mechanisms 13 and 14 according to the movement of the sun.
Is provided.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the sun tracking sensor 25 is attached to the tip end portion of the position adjusting mechanism 15, and has a columnar main body 26 and a base end portion of the main body 26. A flange 27 provided on the main body 26, a plurality of phototransistors 28 for coarse adjustment attached to the tip of the main body 26, and a plurality of fine adjustments attached to the end face of the flange 27 on the side where the main body 26 is provided. And a control unit 30 that outputs a drive signal to both drive mechanisms 13 and 14 based on signals from these phototransistors 28 and 29.

An inclined surface 26a having an angle of about 45 degrees is formed at a corner portion of the tip of the main body 26, and the inclined surface 26a and the tip surface 26 are formed.
The phototransistor 28 for rough adjustment is provided at b and. That is, the phototransistor 28 includes the body 26
Of the main phototransistor 28a provided in the central portion of the front end face 26b of the main body 26 and four subphototransistors 28 provided on the inclined face 26a at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the body 26.
It consists of b and. Further, the four fine adjustment phototransistors 29 are provided at the same pitch as the sub-phototransistor 28b, and are provided in the vicinity of the peripheral wall of the main body 26.

On the other hand, in the building B to which the daylighting device 4 of the present embodiment is applied, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
A reflecting mirror 31 is provided for guiding the sunlight S that has been collected by the inside of the building B.

Thus, in the sunlight collecting device 4 of the present embodiment configured in this way, as shown in FIG. 1, the reflecting mirror 31 is located in front of the light guide direction on the roof or the like where the sunlight S directly hits. Is installed, the rotating position of the first and second rotating members 11 and 12 is adjusted so that the incident direction of the sunlight S and the direction of the position adjusting mechanism 15 coincide with each other. Thereby, the sunlight S can be guided to the inside of the building B by collecting the sunlight S by the curved mirror 5, bending the direction thereof, and irradiating the reflecting mirror 31.

Then, in such a lighting operation, the sunlight S
Is bent in the light guide direction while being converged by the curved mirror 5 and guided to the inside of the building B through the reflecting mirror 31, so that the condensing lens 2 and the optical fiber cable 3 as in the conventional case are used. There is no incident light loss due to optical transmission on the light receiving surface 3a of the above, and thereby the light collection efficiency is improved.

Further, the curved mirror 5 can be constructed in a smaller size and at a lower cost than the condenser lens 2 such as the Fresnel lens in terms of practical use, so that the cost of the whole daylighting device 4 can be kept low.

Then, in the curved mirror 5, an imaginary line passing through and in contact with the center of the curved mirror 5 always divides the included angle between the incident direction of the sunlight S and the light guide direction into two by the action of the link mechanism 7. Thus, even if the incident angle of the sunlight S changes with time, the direction of the reflected light is retained in the light guide direction. Therefore, the lighting device 4
The positional relationship of the reflecting mirror 31 with respect to will be uniquely determined, the number of movable parts for following the movement of the sun will be reduced, and the optical transmission system will be simplified correspondingly, and the optical transmission The route is fixed as much as possible, and reliable optical transmission can be obtained.

Further, in this embodiment, the position of the curved mirror 5 is automatically adjusted by the action of the sun tracking sensor 25.

The operation of the sun tracking sensor 25 will be described below.

The phototransistor 28 for coarse adjustment provided at the tip of the main body 26 of the sun tracking sensor 25 includes a main phototransistor 28a provided at the tip surface 26b of the body 26 and a plurality of subphotos provided at the inclined surface 26a. Since the transistor 28b and the transistor 28b are directed in different directions, when the main body 26 is inclined with respect to the sunlight S, the amount of light received by the sub-phototransistor 28b facing the sunlight S is As a result, the amount of light received by the main phototransistor 28a decreases, and
Since some of the plurality of fine-tuning phototransistors 29 provided on the flange 27 are shaded by the main body 26 to prevent the sunlight S from receiving light, the amount of light received by each phototransistor 29 becomes unclear. A uniform state is obtained, and information on the amount of light received by each of the phototransistors 28 and 29 is continuously input to the control unit 30 as an electric signal.

Then, first, based on the information from each of the phototransistors 28 and 29, the control unit 30 compares the amount of light received between the main phototransistor 28a and the sub-phototransistor 28b, and the control unit 30 drives the drive. By outputting a drive signal to the mechanisms 13 and 14, both the drive mechanisms 13 and 14 are operated so that the amount of light received by the main phototransistor 28a is increased, and the first and second rotating members 11 are operated. 12 is rotated so that the main body 26 of the sun tracking sensor 25 is moved in a direction to reduce the angle of intersection with the sunlight S.
Here, since the sun tracking sensor 25 and the vertical line at the center of the reflecting surface of the curved mirror 5 are always arranged to form a constant angle, the curved mirror 5 also has a vertical line at the center of the reflecting surface and the sunlight S. Therefore, the coarse adjustment is performed by moving in the direction of decreasing the intersection angle of.

Such a rough adjustment operation is performed by the both phototransistors 28a.
・ There is no change in the difference in received light between 28b, or
When the amount of light received by the main phototransistor 28a becomes maximum, the main phototransistor 28a is stopped based on a signal from the control unit 30.

When the rough adjustment as described above is completed, the phototransistor for the rough adjustment in the control unit 30.
Based on the information from the phototransistor 29 for fine adjustment instead of the information from 28, the drive signal for fine adjustment is sent to each drive mechanism 13
・ It is output to 14 and the fine adjustment operation is started.

That is, this fine adjustment operation is performed by each phototransistor.
29 is installed close to the side wall of the main body 26, and even if the intersecting angle between the axis line of the main body 26 and the sunlight S is small, the shadow of the main body 26 is in any phototransistor 29. By utilizing the fact that it affects the light receiving function of the main body, the main body is rotated by rotating the first and second rotating members 11 and 12 so that the amount of light received by each phototransistor 29 becomes uniform. The angle between the axis line of 26 and the sunlight S is adjusted with high accuracy.

Then, such an adjusting operation is continuously performed with the movement of the sun, a plurality of the sub-phototransistors 28b are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the inclined surface 26 of the main body 26 is provided.
Since it is provided in a and is directed radially outward from the main body 26, the light receiving range of the sun light S is wide, which allows adjustment over a wide range.

It should be noted that the shapes and dimensions of the respective constituent members shown in the above embodiment are merely examples, and can be variously changed based on the place of installation, the type of facility, design requirements, and the like.

[Advantages of the Invention] As described in detail above, the sunlight collecting device according to the present invention is installed toward the sun, bends the sunlight in the light guide direction, and converges the curved mirror into one point, and the curved surface. By supporting the mirror and connecting it to a control mechanism that swings the mirror in both the longitude and latitude directions, and a link mechanism provided between the control mechanism and the curved mirror, and matching the incident direction of sunlight, A position adjusting mechanism that makes the light guide direction of the sunlight bent by the curved mirror a constant direction is provided, and the position adjusting mechanism has an inclined surface on the distal end side and a flange on the proximal end side. A sun tracking sensor is provided which has a substantially cylindrical shape and has one light receiving element on the front end surface, and a plurality of light receiving elements at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction on the inclined surface and the flange, and the front end of the sun tracking sensor. Face and tilt The signal from the light receiving element provided on the inclined surface drives the control mechanism so that there is no change in the light receiving amount difference between the light receiving elements on the tip surface and the inclined surface, or the light receiving amount on the light receiving element on the tip surface is maximized. After performing the coarse adjustment to orient the position adjusting mechanism in the direction, the control mechanism is driven by the signal from the light receiving element provided on the flange so that the light receiving amount of the light receiving element provided on the flange becomes uniform. It is characterized by comprising a control unit for finely adjusting the position adjusting mechanism in a direction to match the position adjusting mechanism with the incident direction of sunlight, and the sunlight is once converged by a curved mirror. Since it bends in the light guide direction and sends it to the optical transmission unit in the subsequent stage while making it possible, it is possible to reduce the light loss due to optical transmission, which greatly improves the lighting efficiency. It is possible to improve. Moreover, the control unit receives a signal from the light receiving elements provided on the tip surface and the inclined surface of the sun tracking sensor,
After performing the coarse adjustment by driving the control mechanism and directing the position adjustment mechanism in the direction in which there is no change in the light receiving amount difference between the light receiving elements on the tip surface and the inclined surface or in the direction in which the light receiving amount on the light receiving element on the tip surface becomes maximum, The control mechanism is driven by a signal from the light receiving element provided on the flange, and the position adjusting mechanism is finely adjusted by directing the position adjusting mechanism in a direction in which all the light receiving amounts of the light receiving elements provided on the flange become uniform. By aligning with the incident direction of sunlight, the light guide direction of the sunlight bent by the curved mirror is automatically and accurately adjusted in a short time with the minimum operation of the curved mirror and always maintained in a constant direction. be able to. In addition, this makes it possible to fix the position of the optical transmission unit in the subsequent stage. Further, since the condenser lens such as the Fresnel lens used in the conventional sunlight collecting device is unnecessary, the above-mentioned collecting device can be miniaturized and can be inexpensively produced. .

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a building to which an embodiment is applied, FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the embodiment, FIG. 3 is a side view of a sun tracking sensor, FIG. 4 is a plan view of a sun tracking sensor, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the daylighting action, FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic diagrams showing an example of a conventional solar lighting device, and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining the daylighting action. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining a light entering state into the optical fiber cable. 4 ... Lighting device, 5 ... Curved mirror, 6 ... Control mechanism, 7 ...
… Link mechanism, S… Sunlight.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A curved mirror that is installed toward the sun and that bends the sunlight in the light guiding direction and converges at one point; and a control that supports the curved mirror and swings it in both the longitude and latitude directions. Mechanism and a link mechanism provided between the control mechanism and the curved mirror, and the light guide direction of the sunlight bent by the curved mirror is set to a fixed direction by matching the incident direction of the sunlight. The position adjusting mechanism has a substantially cylindrical shape with an inclined surface formed on the distal end side and a flange formed on the proximal end side, and has one light receiving element on the distal end surface. A sun tracking sensor having a plurality of light receiving elements at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction is provided on the inclined surface and the flange, and the control is performed by signals from the light receiving elements provided on the tip surface and the inclined surface of the sun tracking sensor. Mechanism After the rough adjustment is performed by directing the position adjusting mechanism in such a direction that the difference in the amount of light received by the light-receiving element on the tip surface and the inclined surface does not change or the direction in which the amount of light received by the light-receiving element on the tip surface becomes maximum, the flange The position adjustment is performed by driving the control mechanism by a signal from the light receiving element provided in the position adjustment unit and finely adjusting the position adjusting mechanism so that the light receiving amount of the light receiving element provided on the flange becomes uniform. A solar lighting device comprising a control unit for matching the mechanism to the incident direction of sunlight.