JPH0455283Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] "Industrial application field" The present invention relates to a sunlight daylighting device, and in particular to a daylighting device that guides the collected light to the required location using an optical fiber cable. .

“Conventional technology” Conventionally, places that are not directly exposed to sunlight (for example,
Consideration has been given to guiding sunlight concentrated elsewhere into underground facilities such as underground malls and basements, or the inside of houses in densely populated residential areas.One example of this is the structure shown in Figure 7. A daylighting device having the following is known.

The daylighting device 1 is installed outdoors in a place where there are no obstacles, and includes a condensing lens 2 that is installed facing the sun and that directs and converges sunlight S to one point.
and an optical fiber cable 3 for guiding the converged sunlight S to a necessary location, one end surface of the optical fiber cable 3, that is, the light receiving surface 3a is installed near the convergence position of the sunlight S. In addition, the other end surface (not shown) is positioned at a required location in a schematic configuration.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" The present invention attempts to solve the following problems in the conventional technology described above.

That is, in the above-described daylighting device 1, the sunlight S converged by the condensing lens 2 is made to directly hit the light receiving surface 3a of the optical fiber cable 3, but according to such a method, Since the angle of incidence of the sunlight S on the light receiving surface 3a of the optical fiber cable 3 is large, as shown in FIG. 8, a part of the sunlight S is reflected on the light receiving surface 3a, resulting in light incident loss. There was also a problem that the lighting efficiency was likely to decrease due to the increase in the amount of light.

In order to solve the above problem, a method has been proposed in which a reflecting mirror is attached to the position where the light of the condensing lens 2 converges so as to reflect the condensed light and transmit it to the light receiving surface 3a at an appropriate angle. Corresponding to moving the direction of the condensing lens 2 so that it always faces the sun, the reflecting mirror and the optical fiber cable 3 are driven to appropriately change the direction of the reflecting mirror or the light-receiving surface 3a. It is common to connect a drive device for changing the angle and its control device.
However, such drive devices and control devices require time and effort to manufacture and install, and their manufacturing costs are also high, which increases the price of the daylighting device 1 and does not provide a fundamental solution.

In addition, in the case of the daylighting device 1, the condenser lens 2 is generally large and heavy, and there is no suitable device for tracking the sun and moving the condenser lens 2 to the desired position, which is inconvenient. Another problem is that if the movement accuracy is low, the amount of scattered sunlight that should be collected increases and the lighting efficiency decreases.

Furthermore, with the increase in demand for daylighting facilities such as underground facilities, the daylighting device 1 can be made more effective by adjusting the amount of sunlight to be let in as the amount of light changes depending on the weather and season. It is desirable to be able to receive sunlight in a stable and appropriate amount of light.

"Means for Solving the Problem" The present invention has a condensing section installed on an extension of the axis of the condensing lens and the light receiving surface of the light transmitting section, and rotatable about this axis. a first rotatable member, a second rotatable member that is vertically rotatably attached to the first rotary member via a rotary shaft and supports a condensing lens; a drive mechanism that is installed between the condenser lens and the second rotary member and configured to be extendable and retractable, and a control lens that is attached to the condenser lens or the second rotary member and moves on the central axis of the condenser lens; It consists of a sun tracking sensor that tracks the sun, and the drive mechanism consists of an operating rod that can support a condensing lens, and a drive device that moves the operating rod up and down by engaging with a threaded part on the surface of the operating rod. The driving device is configured to be able to operate in conjunction with the solar tracking sensor by connecting the driving device to the solar tracking sensor, and the reflecting mirror is rotatably supported by attaching its center portion to the rotating shaft, and has a reflecting surface at a predetermined end portion. A first link is attached with a link mechanism that supports the angle, and the link mechanism is rotatably attached to the first rotating member, and a second link is attached on the same side where the first link is located with respect to the rotation axis. It consists of a second link rotatably attached to the rotating member, and a slide member attached to the side of the reflector so as to be slidable in its length direction, and
The links are attached to the first and second rotating members at equal distances from the rotation axis, and are rotatably attached to the slide member at positions having equal lengths from the first and second rotating members. It is characterized by

``Operation'' This invention detects the position of the sun using a sunlight tracking sensor, drives a link mechanism based on this detection signal to always point the condensing part toward the sun, and uses a condensing lens to converge the sun. Most of the light is converted into parallel light beams of a predetermined width by a control lens, and the movement precision of the condensing lens is improved so that the light can enter the light receiving surface of the optical fiber cable in a state perpendicular to the receiving surface of the optical fiber cable.
The purpose is to reduce the reflection of sunlight on the light-receiving surface of the optical fiber cable as much as possible, and further diffuse the sunlight into the interior of the building using a reflecting mirror and a diffusing mirror.

Furthermore, by accurately tracking the sun with the sun tracking sensor and by accurately directing the condensing lens toward the sun using a combination of the operating rod and the drive device, it is possible to improve daylight efficiency.

"Embodiment" The present invention will be described in detail below based on a preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6.

Reference numeral 4 in FIG. 1 indicates a sunlight lighting device (hereinafter abbreviated as lighting device) according to this embodiment, which is installed on the roof of building B or the like.

The daylighting device 4 includes a light collecting section 4a equipped with a condensing lens 5 that is installed facing the sun and converges sunlight S toward one point, and a light collecting section 4a that is equipped with a focusing lens 5 that is installed facing the sun and focuses sunlight S toward one point. an optical transmission section 4b equipped with an optical fiber cable 6 for guiding into the inside of the building B;
The light condensing section 4a has a general configuration including a control lens 7 that converts the sunlight S converged by the condenser lens 5 into parallel rays.

Next, to explain these details, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. A movable member 9, a second rotary member 10 rotatably attached to the first rotary member 9 along a plane passing through its center line of rotation, and both of these rotary members 9, 10. A pair of drive mechanisms 1 that rotate
1 and 12. Further, the condensing lens 5 is attached to the second rotating member 10 so that its optical axis and the rotational center line of the second rotating member 10 are perpendicular to each other, and It is attached via a plurality of stays 13 at a predetermined distance from the member 10 in the radial direction, and the control lens 7 is attached between it and the condenser lens 5 via a position adjustment mechanism 14. ing.

One drive mechanism 11 that drives the first rotating member 9 includes a driven gear 15 that is integrally attached to the first rotating member 9, and a driven gear 15 that is attached to the base 8. and an electric motor 16 that engages with the motor to rotate the motor.
The other drive mechanism 12 that drives the second rotating member 10 has one end pin-coupled to the stay 13 near the condensing lens 5, and the other end formed with a threaded portion 17a. It is attached to the operating rod 17 and the first rotating member 9 so as to be rotatable in a plane parallel to a plane passing through the center line of rotation thereof, and is engaged with the threaded portion 17a of the operating rod 17. and an electric motor 18 for reciprocating the operating rod 17 in its length direction. The electric motor 18 is fixed to a protrusion that protrudes from the central portion of the tip of the first rotating member 9 and is rotatably fitted into the upper part of the base 8, and rotates together with the first rotating member 9. It is becoming. Therefore, operating rod 1
7 is formed with dimensions that can stably support the weight of the condensing lens 5, and the threaded portion 17a is formed with fine and precise pitch, so that it can support the weight of the condensing lens 5 while concentrating. The optical lens 5 can be accurately positioned at the desired position. Further, the position adjustment mechanism 14 supports the control lens 7 so that its optical axis coincides with the optical axis of the condenser lens 5, and also supports the second rotation member 1.
0, a movable rod 19 that is slidably attached along the optical axis of the condenser lens 5, and a movable rod 19 that is attached to the second
and an electric motor 20 attached to the rotating member 10 to move the movable rod 19.

Then, the light condensing section 4a having such a configuration
is arranged such that the rotation axis of the first rotation member 9 is located within a plane passing through the radial line, and the first rotation member 9 is rotated by the one drive mechanism 11. As a result, the condensing lens 5 is moved in the latitude direction, and the second rotating member 10 is rotated by the other drive mechanism 12, so that the condensing lens 5 is moved in the meridian direction. As a result, the condenser lens 5 is made to follow the sun as it moves over time, and the optical axes of the condenser lens 5 and the control lens 7 are always kept parallel to the sunlight S. ing.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the optical fiber cable 6 constituting the optical transmission section 4b has one end surface serving as a light receiving surface 6a.
It is fixed to the base 8 so that the extension line of the center line of a is intersected with the extension line of the optical axis of the condenser lens 5 on the rotation center line of the second rotation member 10, and The end face serves as a light projection surface 6b and is connected to the light intake section C of the building B.

The position adjustment mechanism 14 operates the electric motor 20 to move the movable rod 19 up and down, thereby moving the control lens 7 up and down along the central axis of the condensing lens 5. The amount of daylight is adjusted by adjusting the degree of convergence of light.
That is, when the sunlight collected by the condensing lens 5 is irradiated onto the fiber cable 6, it is converged to an area larger than the light receiving surface 6a, but if the control lens 7 is brought close to the condensing lens 5, the degree of convergence is low. Since the collected light is collected, sent to the reflecting mirror 25, and irradiated onto the fiber cable 6, the amount of light irradiated onto the fiber cable 6 is reduced. On the other hand, if the control lens 7 is separated from the condensing lens 5, condensed light with a high degree of condensation will be collected, and the amount of light irradiated onto the fiber cable 6 will increase.

Here, the light intake part C provided in the building B
In detail, the light intake part C is located in the building B.
A cover 22 made of a transparent body that covers the through hole 21 formed in the wall and protrudes to the outside.
and the optical fiber cable 6 is placed inside the cover 22.
A reflecting mirror 23 installed opposite the light projection surface 6b of
and a diffuser mirror 24 provided inside the building B to face the reflecting mirror 23, and sunlight S irradiated from the optical fiber cable 6.
The sunlight S is refracted by the reflecting mirror 23 toward a diffuser mirror 24, and the sunlight S is diffused and irradiated over a wide area inside the building B at the diffuser mirror 24.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, the second rotating member 10
A reflecting mirror 25 is rotatably provided at the rotational center of the reflector 25 to reflect sunlight S converted into parallel rays by the control lens 7 toward the light receiving surface 6a of the optical fiber cable 6. The reflecting mirror 25 collects light by a link mechanism 26 provided between the first and second rotating members 9 and 10 in response to the rotational depression of the light collecting section 4a. The angle is always maintained at such an angle that the light is reflected toward the light receiving surface 6a.
As shown in FIG. 2, the link mechanism 26 includes a first link 26a whose end is rotatably attached to the first rotating member 9, and an end on the same side as the first link member 26a. a second link 26b rotatably attached to the second rotating member 10, and a reflecting mirror 2.
5 and slide members 26c attached to both sides of the slide member 5 so as to be slidable in the length direction thereof. First and second links 26a, sun tracking sensor 27b
are formed to have the same length, and the ends opposite to the first and second rotating members 9 and 10 are rotatably attached to the slide member 26c via pins. A line perpendicular to the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 25 is aligned with the center line of the light-receiving surface 6a of the optical fiber cable 6 and the optical axis of the condensing lens 5, regardless of the relative rotation of both rotating members 9 and 11. It is designed to be held at a position that bisects the included angle thus formed. Therefore, even if the angle of incidence on the reflecting mirror 25 changes,
The reflected light is always made to enter the light receiving surface 6a of the optical fiber cable 6 in a perpendicular state.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, both the drive mechanisms 11,
In order to control the operation of 12 according to the movement of the sun, a solar tracking sensor 27 that obtains the control information,
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the light condensing section 4
It is provided in a.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the sun tracking sensor 27 is installed near the condenser lens 5 so as to be parallel to the optical axis of the condenser lens 5, and is formed in a cylindrical shape. a main body 28, a flange 29 provided at the base end of the main body 28, a plurality of coarse adjustment phototransistors 30 attached to the distal end of the main body 28, and the flange 28.
a plurality of phototransistors 31 for fine adjustment attached to the end face of the main body 28 of 9;
The control unit 32 outputs drive signals to both drive mechanisms 11 and 12 based on signals from these phototransistors 30 and 31.

An inclined surface 28a having an angle of approximately 45 degrees is formed at the corner of the tip of the main body 28, and the rough adjustment phototransistor 30 is provided on the inclined surface 28a and the tip surface 28b. There is. That is, the phototransistor 30 includes a main phototransistor 30a provided at the center of the tip surface 28b of the main body 28, and a main phototransistor 30a provided on the inclined surface 28a at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the main body 28. 4
It is composed of sub-phototransistors 30b.

Further, the fine adjustment phototransistor 31
are provided at the same pitch as the sub-phototransistors 30b, and are provided in close proximity to the peripheral wall of the main body 28.

Therefore, in the solar lighting device 4 of this embodiment configured as described above, the light collecting section 4a is installed on a rooftop etc. where the sunlight S directly hits, and the light collecting section 4a and the building B are connected to each other. It is brought into use by communicating with the input section C through the optical transmission section 4b, and the condensing lens 5
By adjusting the rotational positions of the first and second rotating members 9 and 10 so that the optical axis of , the sunlight S is transmitted to the light intake section C by the light transmission section 4b, and the sunlight S is transmitted to the light intake section C by the light transmission section 4b.
It is possible to lead to the inside of building B via.

That is, when the optical axis of the condensing lens 5 and the sunlight S are made parallel, the sunlight S
As shown in the figure, by passing through the condensing lens 5, it is converged toward a point on the optical axis of the condensing lens 5, but on the way, it is passed through the control lens 7, The sunlight S is made into a bundle of parallel light rays with a constant width, and then the sunlight S is made to enter the optical fiber cable 6 of the optical transmission section 4b from the light receiving surface 6a by the reflecting mirror 25, and the optical fiber cable 6 light projection surface 6b
The light is then irradiated onto the reflecting mirror 23 of the light intake section C, and then diffusely irradiated into the interior of the building B via the reflecting mirror 23 and the diffusing mirror 24.

In such a daylighting operation, when the sunlight S enters the optical fiber cable 6, it is made into a bundle of parallel light rays, and as shown in FIG. Since the light is allowed to enter at right angles to the
The reflection of sunlight S on the light-receiving surface 6a becomes minute, and the lighting efficiency is dramatically improved.

In addition, since the condenser lens 5 is vertically rotated by operating the electric motor 18 to move the operating rod 17 up and down, the condenser lens 5 can be rotated while the operating rod 17 supports the weight of the condenser lens 5. 5 in the desired direction stably and accurately, and the accuracy of the movement is improved. As a result, the sunlight focused by the condenser lens 5 is stably and accurately sent to the fiber cable 6 via the reflecting mirror 25, and is accurately received in the orthogonal direction on the light receiving surface 6a of the fiber cable 6. , the amount of scattering on the light-receiving surface 6a is reduced, making it possible to further improve the lighting efficiency.

In addition, by moving the control lens 7 using the position adjustment mechanism 14 and changing the distance between the condenser lens 5 and the condenser lens 5, sunlight S converged on the condenser lens 5 is directed to the control lens 7. By adjusting the amount of light entering the facility, you can easily adjust the amount of daylight entering the facility, and by setting the amount of light that is suitable for the environment where the sunlight is introduced, you can effectively and stably use sunlight. It can be illuminated.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, the reflecting mirror 23 is operated by the link mechanism 26 so that the vertical line to the reflecting surface is aligned with the center line of the light receiving surface 6a of the optical fiber cable 6 and the optical axis of the condensing lens 5. Since the included angle formed is always held so as to be divided into two, the optical fiber cable 6 is maintained in a fixed state even though the position of the condensing lens 5 is adjusted as the sun moves. Ru. Therefore, unnecessary bending of the optical fiber cable 6 is prevented, and transmission loss of light in the optical fiber cable 6 is suppressed, and the lighting efficiency is improved from this point as well.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the parallelism between the optical axis of the condensing lens 5 and the sunlight S is automatically adjusted by the action of the sun tracking sensor 27.

Here, the operation of the sun tracking sensor 27 will be explained as follows.

The rough adjustment phototransistor 30 provided at the tip of the main body 28 of the solar tracking sensor 27 includes a main phototransistor 30a provided on the tip surface 28b and a plurality of sub-phototransistors 30b provided on the inclined surface 28a. and are oriented in different directions, so when the main body 28 is tilted with respect to the sunlight S, the sub-phototransistor 30b located at a position facing the sunlight S
The main phototransistor 30a
The amount of light received decreases, and some of the plurality of phototransistors 31 for fine adjustment provided on the flange 29 are in the shadow of the main body 28, preventing the reception of sunlight S. The amount of light received by each phototransistor 31 is made non-uniform, and information about the amount of light received by each phototransistor 30, 31 is continuously input to the control unit 32 as an electrical signal.

First, each phototransistor 30,
Based on the information from 31, the control unit 32 controls the main phototransistor 30a.
The amount of light received by the sub-phototransistor 30b is compared, and the control unit 32
A drive signal is output from the main phototransistor 3 to the drive mechanisms 11 and 12.
Both the driving mechanisms 11 and 12 are operated and the first and second rotating members 9 and 10 are rotated so that the amount of light received at 0a is increased, so that the main body 28 of the solar tracking sensor 27 is rotated. It is moved in a direction that reduces the angle of intersection with sunlight S. Since the optical axes of the solar tracking sensor 27 and the condensing lens 5 are parallel to each other, the control unit 32 transmits an electric signal to operate the electrically connected electric motor 18, thereby operating the sun tracking sensor 27 and the condensing lens 5. The rod 17 is moved up and down by the desired amount, and the condensing lens 5 is also moved in a direction that reduces the angle of intersection between its optical axis and the sunlight S. This allows the coarse adjustment of the condensing section 4a to be made. It will be done.

Such a coarse adjustment operation is performed until there is no change in the difference in light reception between the phototransistors 30a and 30b, or when the main phototransistor 30
When the amount of light received at point a becomes the largest, it is stopped based on a signal from the control unit 32.

When the coarse adjustment as described above is completed, the control unit 32 changes the drive signal for fine adjustment to each one based on the information from the phototransistor 30 for fine adjustment instead of the information from the phototransistor 30 for coarse adjustment. The signal is output to the drive mechanisms 11 and 12, and a fine adjustment operation is started.

That is, this fine adjustment operation can be performed even if each of the phototransistors 31 is installed close to the side wall of the main body 28 and the angle of intersection between the axis of the main body 28 and the sunlight S is small. This takes advantage of the fact that the shadow of the main body 28 affects the light receiving function of any of the phototransistors 31, and the first and second rotating members are moved so that the amount of light received by each phototransistor 31 is uniform. By rotating 9 and 10, the axis of the main body 28, that is,
The parallelism between the optical axis of the condenser lens 5 and the sunlight S is adjusted with high precision.

Such an adjustment operation is continuously performed in two stages as described above as the sun moves, so that the condensing lens 5 can always be directed toward the sun.

Note that the shapes and dimensions of each component shown in the above embodiments are merely examples, and can be variously changed based on the installation location, type of facility, design requirements, etc.

For example, in the embodiment, the control lens 7
The sunlight S made into parallel rays is made to enter the optical fiber cable 6 by the reflecting mirror 23, but instead of this, the optical fiber cable 6 is arranged on the optical axis of the control lens 7. Thus, sunlight S may be made to directly enter the optical fiber cable 6 from the control lens 7.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, the solar lighting device according to the present invention has a light condensing part installed on an extension of the axis of the condensing lens and the light receiving surface of the light transmitting part, and with this axis as the axis. a first rotating member that is rotatably attached to the first rotating member; a second rotating member that is vertically rotatably attached to the first rotating member via a rotating shaft and supports the condenser lens; , a drive mechanism installed between the condensing lens and the first rotating member and configured to be extendable and retractable;
Consisting of a control lens that is attached to the condenser lens or a second rotating member and moves on the central axis of the condenser lens, and a sun tracking sensor that tracks the sun, the drive mechanism can support the condenser lens. and a drive device that moves the operating rod up and down by being engaged with a threaded part on the surface of the operating rod, and is configured to be able to operate in conjunction with the sun tracking sensor by connecting the drive device to the solar tracking sensor. on the reflector,
The central part was attached to the rotation shaft and supported rotatably, a link mechanism for supporting the reflective surface at a predetermined angle was attached to the end part, and the link mechanism was rotatably attached to the first rotation member. a first link, a second link rotatably attached to a second rotary member on the same side of the rotation axis as the first link; the first and second links are respectively attached to the first and second rotation members at equal distances from the rotation axis, and
It is characterized by being rotatably attached to the slide member at a position that is the same length from the rotating member, and a sunlight tracking sensor accurately tracks the position of the sun and the drive mechanism is operated in conjunction. Since the direction of the condensing lens can be finely adjusted, when sunlight enters the optical fiber cable, it becomes a bundle of parallel rays, and the sunlight S enters the optical fiber cable and Therefore, the reflection of sunlight on the light-receiving surface can be minimized, and the lighting efficiency can be dramatically improved.Also, by moving the control lens closer to and away from the condensing lens, the sunlight passing through the control lens can be By suppressing the amount of light, the amount of daylight can be easily adjusted, and by setting the amount of daylight that is appropriate for the environment in which the light is being introduced, sunlight can be brought in effectively and stably. I can do it. In addition, the control rod and drive device are
Since the operating rod moves up and down while supporting the weight of the condensing lens, the condensing lens can be stably and accurately moved to the desired position without increasing the size of the device, improving movement accuracy and improving lighting efficiency. can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a building to which the embodiment is applied, Figure 2 is a perspective view of the exterior of the embodiment, and Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a building to which the embodiment is applied. The figure is a side view of the sun tracking sensor, Figure 4 is a plan view of the sun tracking sensor, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the lighting effect, and Figure 6 is for explaining the state of light entering the optical fiber cable. The schematic diagram of FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are schematic diagrams showing an example of a conventional solar lighting device.
FIG. 7 is similar to FIG. 5, and FIG. 8 is similar to FIG. 6. 4... Lighting device, 4a... Light condensing section, 4b... Light transmission section, 5... Condensing lens, 6... Optical fiber cable, 6a... Light receiving surface, 6b... Light projecting surface, 7
... Control lens, 8 ... Base, 9 ... First rotation member, 10 ... Second rotation member, 11, 12 ...
Drive mechanism, 14...Position adjustment mechanism, 17...Operation rod, 17a...Screw portion, 18...Electric motor, 25...Reflector, 26...Link mechanism, 27
...Sun tracking sensor, 30, 31...Phototransistor, 32...Control unit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] a light collecting section installed facing the sun and converging sunlight toward one point; a light transmission section guiding the sunlight collected in the light collecting section to a position separated from the light collecting section; A solar lighting device that is equipped with a reflecting mirror that is installed between a light section and a light transmission section and reflects the collected light toward the light transmission section, and that collects sunlight as parallel rays. The condensing section includes a condensing lens, a first rotating member installed on an extension of the axis of the light-receiving surface of the light transmission section and rotatably attached about this axis, and a first rotating member. a second rotating member that is vertically rotatably attached to the first rotating member via a rotating shaft and supports the condensing lens; and a second rotating member that is installed between the condensing lens and the first rotating member. A control lens that is attached to the condensing lens or the second rotating member and moves on the central axis of the condensing lens, and a sun tracking sensor that tracks the sun. The drive mechanism is composed of an operating rod capable of supporting a condensing lens, and a drive device that is engaged with a threaded portion on the surface of the operating rod to move the operating rod up and down, and the drive device is connected to the solar tracking sensor. The reflecting mirror is configured such that its central portion is attached to the rotating shaft and is rotatably supported, and a link mechanism that supports the reflecting surface at a predetermined angle is attached to the end portion. , the link mechanism includes a first link that is rotatably attached to the first rotating member, and a second link that is rotatably attached to the second rotating member on the same side of the rotation axis where the first link is located. a freely attached second link;
a slide member that is slidably attached to the side of the reflector in its length direction;
The links are respectively attached to the first and second rotating members at equal distances from the rotation axis, and are rotatably attached to the slide member at positions having equal lengths from the first and second rotating members. A solar lighting device characterized by: