JP2000182414A - Daylighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently obtain a stable quantity of daylight throughout the day, with a relatively simple arrangement. SOLUTION: Two primary reflecting mirrors 11, 12 are secured at their respective lower ends to the rotating shafts 4a of rotation means 4 placed near the edges of both east the west sides of a daylighting opening 3, which their respective mirror surfaces 1a pointed upward or toward the daylighting opening 3. Thus, rotation of the rotating shafts 4a by a motor or the like enables the primary reflectors 11, 12 which are secured to the rotating shafts 4a to be rotated in the east-to-west direction. When the primary reflecting mirrors 11, 12 are tilted a predetermined tilting angle and reflect sunlight horizontally or vertically downward beyond the horizontal, light reflected by secondary reflecting mirrors 21, 22 enters a daylighting opening 3 by passing closer to the secondary reflecting mirrors 21, 22 than to focal points which are set near both the east and west ends of the daylighting opening 3 on a plane containing the daylighting opening 3. Therefore, a stable quantity of daylight can be obtained efficiently throughout the day with a relatively simple arrangement.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lighting device for guiding sunlight to a lighting opening provided in a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hitherto, there has been provided a daylighting device which is installed in a daylighting opening provided on the roof of a building or the like and guides sunlight to the daylighting opening. The inventor fixed the flat primary reflecting mirror at a predetermined inclination angle to receive sunlight, and reflected light of the primary reflecting mirror at a light source disposed substantially at the center of the lighting port. There has already been proposed a lighting device having a structure in which the light is reflected by a secondary reflector having an object surface shape and is incident into a lighting opening (Japanese Patent Application No. 9-314).
033).

[0003]

However, in the above conventional example, the inclination angle of the primary reflecting mirror is set so that the light receiving area becomes maximum and the maximum amount of light can be obtained when the sun altitude is near the south and south. Therefore, the lighting efficiency at the beginning and end of an effective lighting time zone in which direct sunlight from the sun can be collected is lower than that near the south center (around noon). Also, the effective daylighting time zone is only the time zone in which sunlight is incident on the secondary reflector side of the primary reflecting mirror, so that the lighting efficiency in the morning and evening when only daylighting can be expected is reduced.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-167302 discloses that a driving means is driven by a signal from an optical sensor arranged while exposing the ends in the central space of four lenses, and the condensing surface of the lenses is changed. A daylighting device is described, which always tracks in the direction of the sun. In the conventional example described in this publication, the tracking of the sun can suppress a decrease in daylighting efficiency due to time zones, but the structure is complicated because driving means and control means for driving the lens three-dimensionally are required. And there is a problem that the weight increases and the cost increases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a daylighting device which can obtain an efficient and stable daylighting amount throughout the day with a relatively simple configuration.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a lower end is disposed near both ends of a lighting port provided in a building in the east-west direction, and an upper end is provided. It consists of two primary reflecting mirrors inclined to the outside of the east-west lighting port, and a parabolic mirror. The lower end is located at the approximate center of the lighting port in the east-west direction and the side close to each primary reflecting mirror. And two primary reflecting mirrors having an upper end and having a focal point located inside the end of the lighting opening with respect to the east-west direction, and two primary reflecting mirrors so as to change the inclination angle from the horizontal plane. And turning means for changing the inclination angle of the primary reflecting mirror in accordance with the movement of the sun, so that the sunlight is always efficiently condensed to the lighting port. The amount of light collected can be increased. In addition, since the primary reflecting mirror is rotated only in one direction in the east-west direction, the rotating means is simplified, the whole apparatus is light and inexpensive, and the volume can be reduced.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, an angle between the horizontal plane and the orthogonal projection of sunlight on a plane parallel to the east-west direction and the vertical direction is defined as a sunlight incident angle δ.
The inclination angle α of the first primary reflecting mirror located east of the lighting port from the east side of the horizontal plane, and the west position of the second primary reflecting mirror located west of the lighting port near the center. When the inclination angle β from the direction is δ ≦ 90 ° with respect to the east direction, the following expression 1/2 × δ ≦ α <δ (90 ° − ／ × δ) ≦ β <90 ° is satisfied. At the same time, when δ> 90 °, the first and second pivoting means satisfy the following equation (90 ° − ／ × δ) ≦ α <90 ° 1/2 × δ ≦ β <δ. It is characterized by rotating the primary reflecting mirror, and has the same effect as the first aspect of the invention.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, at least one of the first and second solar cells is irrespective of the sunlight incident angle δ.
3. A preferred embodiment of the invention according to claim 2, wherein the first and second primary reflecting mirrors are rotated by rotating means so that the direction of sunlight reflected by the secondary reflecting mirror is substantially horizontal. It is an aspect.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the invention, when the sunlight incident angle δ is 90 ° or less, the inclination angle α of the first primary reflecting mirror is a half of the sunlight incident angle δ. 1 and the inclination angle β of the second primary reflecting mirror is substantially equal to 90 ° minus a half of the sunlight incident angle δ, and the sunlight incident angle δ is greater than 90 °. Is larger, the inclination angle α of the first primary reflecting mirror is substantially equal to an angle obtained by subtracting an angle of half the sunlight incident angle δ from 90 °, and the inclination angle β of the second primary reflecting mirror Is the sunlight incident angle δ
By the rotating means so as to be substantially equal to one half of
And the second primary reflecting mirror is rotated, so that sunlight can be collected most efficiently.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the change range of the sunlight incident angle δ per day is λ <δ.
<Η (where η <2λ), the first area is defined when the upper limit η ≦ 90 ° in each area.
The angle of inclination of the primary reflecting mirror is substantially equal to one half of the upper limit value η and the angle of inclination of the second primary reflecting mirror is 90 °, and the angle of one half of the upper limit value η is subtracted. When the upper limit value η> 90 °, the inclination angle α of the first primary reflecting mirror is substantially equal to the angle obtained by subtracting half the upper limit value η from 90 °, and Wherein the first and second primary reflecting mirrors are rotated by a rotating means so that the inclination angle β of the primary reflecting mirror is substantially equal to one half of the upper limit value η. In addition to the effects of the invention of item 2, the rotating means is further simplified, and the whole apparatus is lighter and less expensive.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, the two primary reflecting mirrors are fixed so that an angle between them is approximately 90 °. In addition to the effects of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, since the two primary reflecting mirrors can be linked, the rotating means can be further simplified.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments.

(Embodiment 1) As shown in FIG. 1, a rectangular lighting port 3 is provided on a building such as a house or a building such that each edge is substantially parallel to each of the north, south, east and west directions. The lighting device of the present embodiment is installed. The lighting device is rectangular and by depositing silver specular two primary reflector high specular 1a is formed of rate 1 _1, 1 ₂ on one surface of the aluminum plate, the surface on which the cross-sectional shape becomes a parabola ( Hereinafter, such a surface is referred to as a "parabolic surface.") A two-piece parabolic mirror having a mirror surface 2a having a high regular reflectance formed by depositing silver on the inner surface of a rectangular aluminum plate having a comprising the secondary reflecting mirror 2 _1, 2 _2, and rotating means 4 for primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ the rotation of the two so as to vary the inclination angle from the horizontal plane.

The two primary reflecting mirrors 1 ₁ , 1 ₂ are mounted on a rotating shaft 4 a of a rotating means 4 disposed near each end on both east and west sides of the lighting port 3, and the mirror surface 1 a is directed upward or in the lighting. The lower end is fixed so as to face the mouth 3 side. Therefore, it is possible to rotate the rotating shaft each primary reflector is fixed to 4a 1 _1, 1 ₂ by rotating the rotation shaft 4a by a motor or the like in the east-west direction. Here, in order to simplify the following description, 1
Next the reflecting mirror 1 ₁ is arranged in the edge vicinity of the east side, the primary reflecting mirror 1 ₂ is assumed to be arranged in the edge vicinity of the West. The width dimension of the primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the upper and lower ends, is set to substantially the same as the length dimension of the east and west ends of daylight opening 3.

On the other hand, the secondary reflecting mirrors 2 ₁ and 2 ₂ are fixedly installed at the lower end substantially at the center in the east-west direction of the daylighting opening 3, and the focal point coincides with the east end and the west end of the daylighting opening 3 with the vertical axis as the axis. It has a parabolic surface. The width dimension of the upper end and the lower end of the secondary reflector 2 is set to be substantially the same as the length dimension in the north-south direction of the daylighting opening 3.
The distance (height) between the upper ends of the secondary reflecting mirrors 2 ₁ and 2 ₂ is substantially equal to the length of the end of the daylighting opening 3 facing in the east-west direction.
For this reason, the upper ends of the secondary reflecting mirrors 2 ₁ and 2 ₂ are located directly above the east and west ends of the daylighting opening 3. The primary reflecting mirror 1
_{The first} , _second and second reflection mirrors 2 ₁ and 2 ₂ are not limited to those formed of the above-mentioned materials, and the mirror surfaces 1 a and 2 a may be formed on appropriate surfaces.

[0016] In Thus, as shown in FIG. 2, reflect sunlight in the primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the mirror 1a (hereinafter, when such "primary reflecting mirror 1 ₁ and is reflected by the 1 _2" Is reflected by the mirror surface 1a).
_1, reflected by the 2 _second mirror 2a (hereinafter, "secondary reflection mirror 2 _1, 2 ₂
In the case of "reflecting at the light source", it means that the light is reflected by the mirror surface 2a) and condensed at the light-receiving opening 3 to collect the light. Here, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), when the primary reflector 1 _1, 1 reflected light at ₂ progresses vertically above the horizontal, or not reflected by the secondary reflecting mirror 2 _1, 2 ₂ or Even if it is reflected, it is not condensed on the lighting port 3. Thus, the primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 _2, it is necessary to tilt at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane so as to reflect vertically downward from the horizontal or horizontal sunlight. That is, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), if the reflected vertically downward than the primary reflector 1 _1, 1 ₂ allowed the inclined at a predetermined inclination angle sunlight horizontal or horizontal, the secondary reflection mirror 2 _1, 2 light reflection at ₂ to daylight port 3 through the secondary reflecting mirror 2 _1, 2 ₂ side than the focus is set to the east and west ends near the daylight opening 3 on a plane including a daylight opening 3 Incident. Thus, by installing the daylighting device in the daylighting opening 3, it is possible to obtain a greater amount of daylighting light than simply the daylighting hole 3 without the daylighting device.

Incidentally, primary reflecting mirrors 1 ₁ and 1 ₂ capable of reflecting sunlight horizontally or vertically below the horizontal.
Will vary depending on the solar altitude, that is, the incident angle of sunlight. Therefore, the rotating means 4
The following reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ rotates, by adjusting the 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the inclination angle primary reflecting mirror in accordance with the change of sunlight incident angle, the sun of the day is out on the ground It is possible to efficiently and stably obtain the amount of collected light from dawn to evening.
Moreover, the primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ because they are rotated only in the east-west direction in the uniaxial, conventional rotating means 4 as compared with the structure of tracking solar multiaxial is simplified as Therefore, there is an advantage that the whole apparatus can be made light and inexpensive and the volume can be reduced.

[0018] The present inventor has a lighting device of the present embodiment, the lighting opening lighting device is not installed (simple lighting window), prior to the primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ is fixed at a predetermined tilt angle A simulation for comparing the amount of light taken with the daylighting device was performed. In this simulation, daylight port 3 (lighting window) is square with one side 300 mm and a primary reflector 1 _1, 1 ₂ linear dimension 519 (mm), lighting openings 3 and A lighting device of a typical size is used. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the angle between the horizontal plane and the orthogonal projection of the sunlight onto the plane S parallel to the east-west direction and the vertical direction is defined as a sunlight incident angle δ [°], and the east-side primary reflection the inclination angle of the mirror 1 ₁ horizontal east-α [°],
The inclination angle of the west side of the primary reflector 1 ₂ horizontal west direction is set to β [°]. When such solar incidence angle δ in conditions vary from 30 ° to 90 °, 1 primary reflector in the lighting device 1 ₁ of the present embodiment, 1 _second inclination angle alpha, beta respectively 0 ° The light amount (lighting amount) incident on the daylighting port 3 when the angle is changed up to -88 ° is 1 when the daylight is incident from the vertical direction on the above-mentioned daylighting window in which the daylighting device is not installed. FIGS. 5 and 6 show simulation results represented by the ratios (light-collecting light ratios) at the time of the above. Here, FIG. 5 shows a lighting amount of the east side of the primary reflector 1 ₁ and the secondary reflecting mirror 2 _1, FIG. 6 shows a lighting amount of the west side of the primary reflector 1 ₂ and the secondary reflecting mirror 2 ₂ ing. In the case where the sunlight incident angle δ is in the range of 90 ° to 150 °, the simulation results on the east side and the west side are only interchanged, so illustration is omitted. And Thus, because the size of the lighting device are those determined by the size of the daylight opening 3, sunlight incident angle δ and the primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the inclination angle alpha, the relationship of β and lighting weight ratio of lighting Since the size of the mouth 3 does not depend on the size, generality can be maintained in the simulation result.

FIG. 5 and as is clear from the simulation results of FIG. 6, the solar incidence angle δ (≦ 90 °) 1/ 2 × δ ≦ inclination angle α of the east side of the primary reflector 1 ₁ with respect to α
<In the range of [delta], if the inclination angle beta of the west side of the primary reflector 1 ₂ (90 ° -1 / 2 × δ ) ≦ β <90 ° range,
The amount of collected light can be increased as compared with when the inclination angles α and β are in the other ranges. When the sunlight incident angle δ is δ> 90 °, the east-west primary reflecting mirrors 1 ₁ , 1 ₂
Is reversed, and (90 ° − ／ × δ) ≦ α <90
Needless to say, the angle may be in the range of ° ×× ≦ β <δ.

By the way, each line graph of FIGS. 5 and 6
, That is, the inclination angle α is α = １ ／ × δ,
When the inclination angle β is β = (90 ° − ／ × δ)
The amount of light collected will increase most. That is, the solar incident angle
The inclination angle α = 1/2 × δ, the inclination angle β =
(90 ° − ／ × δ) by the rotating means 4.
Primary mirror 1₁, 1_TwoIs rotated, as shown in FIG.
Sunlight primary reflector 1 ₁, 1_TwoAlways reflected horizontally
It can be done.

Here, the inclination angle α = １ ／ × δ and the inclination angle β = (90 °-／ ××) in accordance with the sunlight incident angle δ.
δ) so that the primary reflecting mirrors ₁₁ ,
Table 1 and FIG. 10 show the comparison results of the light-receiving ratio of the present embodiment when the lens ₁₂ is rotated with the light-receiving ratio of the light-receiving window and the light-receiving ratio of the conventional light-receiving device in which the primary reflecting mirror is fixed. FIG.

[0022]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1 and FIG. 8, in the daylighting device of this embodiment, the daylighting ratio can be made higher than that of the daylighting window and the conventional daylighting device regardless of the sunlight incident angle δ. . Incidentally, the primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the length dimension is not limited to the above values, the more daylight amount the longer increases. Further, the primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the width is also not limited to the above value, enough to increase the width, enables stable lighting against displacement in the north-south direction of the sunlight due to seasonal changes Becomes

By the way, the primary reflecting mirror by the rotation means 4 in response to sunlight incident angle [delta] 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the inclination angle alpha, in order to adjust the beta, a control unit 5 as shown in FIG. 9 You may do it. The control unit 5 includes a microcomputer to calculate the value of the sunlight incident angle δ at the current time from the data of the date, the current time, the latitude and the longitude, and calculates the value of the sunlight incident angle δ from the value of the sunlight incident angle δ. The optimum values of the inclination angles α and β according to the formula (α = 1/2 when δ ≦ 90 °)
X = δ, β = (90 ° − ×× δ), α = (90 ° − ／ × δ), β = １ ／ × δ) when δ> 90 °, and the first order the inclination angle of the reflecting mirror ₁ 1, 1 ₂ α, in which β controls the rotating means 4 to match the values obtained. However, the method of calculating the sunlight incident angle δ in the control unit 5 is not limited to the above example, and for example, the sunlight incident angle δ may be detected using an appropriate sensor.

By the way, the daylighting device of this embodiment is similar to that of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 0, a cover 6 having a hemispherical top surface and a substantially cylindrical body is formed by a translucent member such as glass, and a mirror surface 7a by depositing silver on one surface of a substantially trapezoidal aluminum plate. And an auxiliary reflector 7 whose lower end is installed at the northern edge of the daylighting opening 3 with its mirror surface 7a facing south. Cover 6, a primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 _2, the secondary reflection mirror 2 _1, 2 _2, is disposed so as to cover the auxiliary reflecting mirror 7 as well as daylight opening 3. Here, the primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ can be reduced the volume of the cover 6 from is to rotate only in the east-west direction, therefore, the advantage that the entire device can be reduced in volume with becomes lightweight and inexpensive is there. By arranging the auxiliary reflecting mirror 7 at the northern edge of the lighting opening 3, the amount of sunlight and reflected light deviating to the north side can be reduced.
The amount of light (the amount of light) that is reflected by the mirror surface 7a and enters the daylighting opening 3 can be increased. In addition, the auxiliary reflecting mirror 7 is not limited to the one formed of the above-mentioned material, and it is sufficient that the mirror surface is formed on an appropriate surface.

The daylighting device A of the present embodiment is shown in FIGS.
It is installed as shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 11 shows an example in which a lighting port 3 is provided on the ceiling of the house H and a lighting apparatus A is installed and used as a skylight, and FIG. FIG. 13 shows an example in which a lighting guide K is connected to a lighting fixture K provided by a light guide duct D. FIG.
Are connected by a light guide duct D.

FIG. 14 shows an example in which a box 10 having an opening 10a which is installed outside a window provided on a wall surface of a house H and has an opening surface 10a and a lighting device A is connected by a light guide duct D. Is shown. In addition, as shown in FIG.
A diffuse reflection sheet 11 that diffuses and reflects toward a is stored, and a shoji paper 12 is adhered to an opening surface 10 a of the box 10. That is, when the house is adjacent, the box 10 is installed on the wall surface of the room where the sunlight does not directly enter, and the sunlight collected by the lighting device A is irradiated into the room via the light guide duct D. This makes it possible to use a bay window type pseudo window. FIG. 16 shows an example in which the daylighting device A and a so-called light guide LG disposed on the ceiling of the house H are connected by a light guide duct D. However, the daylighting device of the present embodiment is not limited to the installation example described above.

(Embodiment 2) In the first embodiment, the control unit 5 calculates the sunlight incident angle δ to calculate
The primary reflecting mirrors 1 ₁ and 1 ₂ are rotated by the rotation means 4 to adjust the inclination angles α and β. In this case, the control unit 5 must always perform the above processing. There, any angle of inclination primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ as turning means 4 alpha, must not be held in beta, configuration of the rotation means 4 and control unit 5 becomes complicated.

Therefore, the change range of the sunlight incident angle δ in one day is divided into a plurality of regions where λ <δ <η, and when the sunlight incident angle δ is within each region, the primary reflecting mirror 11 ₁ , 1 ₂ of the inclination angle alpha, if so fixed to the tilt angle maximum daylight amount corresponding to the region β is obtained, it is possible to simplify the configuration of the rotating means 4 and control unit 5 Becomes

As shown in FIG. 5, the primary reflecting mirror 1 on the east side₁
Is the inclination angle for any sunlight incident angle δ
Is low in the range of α <1/2 × δ, α = 1/2 × δ
And δ becomes large in the range of α> 1/2 × δ.
It gradually decreases as it goes. From this, λ <δ
In order to maximize the amount of light collected in the range of <η
Is the inclination angle αm (= １ ／) that takes the maximum value when δ = η.
× η) to the primary reflector 1 ₁Should be fixed. Also, the lower limit
When the value λ is set to λ <αm, the sunlight incident angle δ increases.
When the sunlight is near the lower limit value λ, the primary reflecting mirror 1₁Second order
Mirror 2₁Sufficient sampling to prevent light from entering the side (mirror surface 1a side)
Light quantity cannot be obtained. Therefore, the sunlight incident angle δ
Is a value (λ> 1/1) that does not satisfy αm> λ.
2 × η).

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, the lighting of the west side of the primary reflector 1 ₂ is the angle of inclination beta relative to any sunlight incident angle [delta] is β = 90 ° -1 / 2 × δ It becomes the maximum, gradually decreases after that, and becomes almost zero below that. Therefore, in order to obtain the maximum light intensity while preventing the light intensity from becoming zero within the set range (λ <δ <η), the maximum light intensity is obtained when the sunlight incident angle δ is equal to the lower limit value λ. Angle βm (= 90 °-／ ×)
The primary reflecting mirror 1 ₂ may be fixed to the lambda). Note that, if the sunlight incident angle δ is allowed to be substantially zero near the lower limit value λ, βm is not limited to the above value,
It may be further increased (however, the maximum value of βm is δ = η
Angle at which the maximum amount of collected light is obtained (= 90 ° × 1 /
2 × η)).

For example, when the sunlight incident angle δ is changed in the morning (δ = 30
° -60 °), morning (δ = 60 ° -90 °), afternoon (δ
= 90 ° ~120 °), when divided into four regions in the evening (120 ° ~150 °) is the primary reflecting mirror ₁ 1, 1 ₂ of the inclination angle alpha, beta respectively morning (alpha ₁ ≒ 30 °, β ₁ ≒ 75
°), AM (α ₂ ≒ 45 °, β ₂ ≒ 60 °), PM (α ₃
{60 °, β ₃ ≒ 45 °), evening (α ₄ ≒ 75 °, β ₄ ≒)
30 °). Thus, in the morning region, the control unit 5 determines whether or not FIG.
Inclination angle alpha ₁ of the primary reflector 1 ₁ east as shown in, fixed west side of the primary reflector 1 ₂ to the inclination angle beta _1, east as a region of the AM shown in FIG. 17 (b) Primary mirror 1 ₁
Inclination angle alpha _2, to secure the west side of the primary reflector 1 ₂ to the inclination angle beta _2, primary reflector east as shown in FIG. 17 (c) in the afternoon region 1 ₁ the inclination angle alpha _3, West primary mirror 1 ₂
Is fixed to the inclination angle β ₃ , and FIG.
East of the primary reflecting mirror 1 ₁ the inclination angle alpha _4, the west side of the primary reflector 1 ₂ secured to the inclination angle beta ₄ as shown in FIG.

[0033] In Thus, in the present embodiment, a predetermined inclination angle alpha ₁ to? _4, since it is sufficient be rotated only β ₁ ~β _4, the rotating means 4 and the control unit 5 The configuration can be simplified, and the entire device becomes lighter and cheaper.

(Embodiment 3) In the simulation results described in Embodiment 1, the results of obtaining the inclination angles α and β at which the maximum amount of collected light is obtained with respect to the sunlight incident angle δ are shown in Table 2 below and FIG. 22.

[0035]

[Table 2]

As has already been described, as is clear from Table 2 and FIG. 5, the inclination angles α and β at which the maximum amount of collected light is obtained for each value of the sunlight incident angle δ are δ ≦ 90. At α ° 1/2 × δ, β ≒ 90 °-／ ×
When δ, δ> 90 °, α ≒ 90 °-／ ×
δ, β ≒ 1/2 × δ. Here, in this case, the angle formed by the _two primary reflecting mirrors 11 and ₁₂ is always approximately 90 °.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 18, the two primary reflecting mirrors ₁₁ ,
1 and ₂ are fixed so that the angle between them is approximately 90 °,
The inclination angles α and β can be simultaneously adjusted by rotating the rotation means 4 integrally.

Therefore, in this embodiment, FIGS.
The square tube-shaped holding guide 13 provided in the 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the north-south direction end edges primary reflector as shown in FIG. 21, the holding guide 1
With inserted retractably prismatic support 14 in 3, each primary reflector 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the lower end portion of the pair of holding members 14 located in the north and south sides have an angle to each other substantially 90 ° It is connected and fixed so that However, the two connecting portions 15 located at both the north and south ends are fixed and can be moved integrally. Further, the primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ is rotatably supported in the east-west direction by the rotation shaft 4a. Reference numeral 7 denotes an auxiliary reflecting mirror disposed on the northern edge of the daylighting opening 3.

When the connecting portion 15 of the holder 14 is moved in the east-west direction and the vertical direction by the rotating means 4,
Adjusting the angle of inclination α and β support 14 is advanced and retreated integrally and simultaneously rotating the two primary reflector 1 _1, 1 ₂ while maintaining an angle to one another in a substantially 90 ° in the retaining guide 13 can do. Note that the rotation unit 4 may be controlled by the control unit 5 so that the inclination angles α and β with respect to the sunlight incident angle δ have the range or the value described in the first embodiment.

According to the present embodiment, the inclination angle piece and rotates at the same time the holding member 14 two of the primary reflector by causing the movement 1 _1, 1 ₂ by the rotation means 4 alpha and β
Since it is possible to adjust the respective primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 every ₂ it is not necessary to provide the rotation mechanism separately and independently, rotation means 4 is further simplified, the entire device is light weight and inexpensive There is an advantage of becoming.

[0040] (Embodiment 4) This embodiment, east of the primary reflecting mirror 1 ₁ and the secondary reflecting mirror 2 ₁ and between the west side of the primary reflector 1 ₂ and the secondary reflecting mirror as shown in FIG. 23 An optical sensor 11 composed of a photoelectric element or the like is disposed below the lighting port 3 between 2 and ₂ , and each of the optical sensors 11 is rotated by the rotating means 4 so that the output of the optical sensor 11 is maximized.
The inclination angle of the next reflector ₁ 1, 1 ₂ α, is characterized in that performing feedback control to adjust the beta. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.

The amount of light incident on the daylighting port 3 is detected by the optical sensor 11, and the rotating means 4 rotates the primary reflecting mirrors 1 ₁ and 1 ₂ so that the output of the optical sensor 11 always becomes maximum. By adjusting the inclination angles α and β, the maximum amount of collected light can be always obtained in accordance with the change in the sunlight incident angle δ.

[0042]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a two-walled light receiving opening provided in a building, wherein a lower end portion is disposed near both ends facing in the east-west direction and the upper end portion is inclined outside the east-west light receiving opening. A primary reflector and a parabolic mirror, the lower end of which is arranged approximately at the center in the east-west direction of the lighting opening, and the upper end on the side close to each primary reflector, and the focal point is in the east-west direction. On the other hand, there are provided two secondary reflectors located inside the end of the daylighting opening, and rotating means for rotating the two primary reflectors so as to change the inclination angle from the horizontal plane. By changing the angle of inclination of the primary reflecting mirror by the rotating means in accordance with the movement of the sun, the sunlight can always be efficiently condensed to the lighting opening to increase the amount of light to be collected. Is rotated only in the east-west direction by one axis, so that the rotation means is simplified and the whole device is lightweight. One inexpensive together becomes an effect that the volume can be reduced.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the angle between the horizontal plane and the orthogonal projection of the sunlight on a plane parallel to the east-west direction and the vertical direction is defined as a sunlight incident angle δ, and is disposed on the east side from substantially the center of the lighting opening. The inclination angle α of the first primary reflecting mirror from the east of the horizontal plane to the east of the horizontal plane and the inclination angle β of the second primary reflecting mirror arranged at the west side of the approximate center of the lighting opening from the west of the horizontal plane are east When δ ≦ 90 ° with respect to the direction, the following expression 1/2 × δ ≦ α <δ (90 ° − ／ × δ) ≦ β <90 ° is satisfied, and when δ> 90 °, The first and second primary reflecting mirrors are rotated by a rotating means so as to satisfy the equation (90 ° -−１ × δ) ≦ α <90 ° 1/2 × δ ≦ β <δ. Therefore, the same effect as the first aspect of the invention can be obtained.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the first and second first and second first reflecting mirrors are turned by the rotating means so that the reflecting direction of the sunlight on at least one of the primary reflecting mirrors is substantially horizontal regardless of the sunlight incident angle δ. Since the second reflecting mirror is rotated, the same effect as that of the second aspect of the invention can be obtained.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the sunlight incident angle δ is 9
When the angle is equal to or less than 0 °, the angle of inclination α of the first primary reflecting mirror is substantially equal to one half of the angle of incidence δ of sunlight, and the angle of inclination β of the second primary reflecting mirror is 90 °, and sunlight is incident. When the sunlight incident angle δ is larger than 90 °, the angle of inclination α of the first primary reflector is 90 ° and the sunlight incident angle is substantially equal to an angle obtained by subtracting half the angle δ. The first rotating means makes the first primary reflecting mirror substantially equal to an angle obtained by subtracting half the angle of δ, and the inclination angle β of the second primary reflecting mirror is substantially equal to half the sunlight incident angle δ. Further, since the second primary reflecting mirror is rotated, there is an effect that sunlight can be collected most efficiently.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the range of change of the sunlight incident angle δ per day is divided into a plurality of regions where λ <δ <η (provided that η <2λ), and an upper limit value η is set in each region. When ≦ 90 °, the inclination angle α of the first primary reflecting mirror
Is substantially equal to one half of the upper limit η, and the inclination angle β of the second primary reflecting mirror is substantially equal to an angle obtained by subtracting half of the upper limit η from 90 °. > 90 °, the inclination angle α of the first primary reflecting mirror is increased from 90 ° to the upper limit value η.
The first and second rotation means are arranged so that the angle is substantially equal to the angle obtained by subtracting half the angle of the first primary mirror, and the inclination angle β of the second primary reflecting mirror is substantially equal to half the upper limit value η. Since the primary reflecting mirror is rotated, there is an effect that, in addition to the effect of the second aspect of the present invention, the rotating means is further simplified and the whole apparatus is lighter and less expensive.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the two primary reflecting mirrors are fixed so that the angle between them is approximately 90 °, in addition to the effects of the first to fourth aspects, the second aspect of the present invention has the following advantages. Since the primary reflecting mirrors can be linked, there is an effect that the rotating means can be further simplified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1A and 1B show a first embodiment, in which FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram viewed from above, and FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram viewed from the side.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams for explaining the above. FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the above.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are explanatory diagrams for explaining the above.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a simulation result of the above.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a simulation result of the above.

FIGS. 7A to 7C are explanatory diagrams for explaining the above.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a lighting window and a result of comparison with a conventional example.

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of the above.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the same.

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an installation example of the above.

FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an installation example of the above.

FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an installation example of the above.

FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an installation example of the above.

FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an installation example of the above.

FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an installation example of the above.

FIGS. 17A to 17D are explanatory diagrams for describing Embodiment 2. FIGS.

FIGS. 18A and 18B are explanatory diagrams for explaining the third embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the same.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a main part of the above.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a main part of the above.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the above.

FIG. 23 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ₁ , 1 ₂ Primary reflecting mirror 2 ₁ , ₂ 2 Secondary reflecting mirror 3 Lighting opening 4 Rotating means

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A primary reflecting mirror, wherein a lower end is disposed near both ends of a lighting port provided in a building in the east-west direction and whose upper end is inclined to the outside of the lighting port in the east-west direction; A lower end is arranged at a substantially central portion in the east-west direction of the light-receiving opening, and has an upper end near the primary reflecting mirror, and the focal point is the end of the light-receiving opening in the east-west direction. A daylighting device comprising: two secondary reflecting mirrors located further inside; and rotating means for rotating the two primary reflecting mirrors so as to change an inclination angle from a horizontal plane. 2. An angle between a horizontal plane and an orthographic projection of sunlight on a plane parallel to the east-west direction and the vertical direction is defined as a sunlight incident angle δ, and a first light source disposed on the east side from substantially the center of the lighting port. The inclination angle α from the east of the horizontal plane of the secondary reflecting mirror and the inclination angle β from the west of the horizontal plane of the second primary reflecting mirror arranged on the west side from the approximate center of the lighting opening are δ with respect to the eastern direction.
When ≦ 90 °, the following formula 1/2 × δ ≦ α <δ (90 ° − ／ × δ) ≦ β <90 ° is satisfied, and when δ> 90 °, the following formula (90 ° − 1/2 × δ) ≦ α <90 ° 1/2 × δ ≦ β <δ The first and second primary reflecting mirrors are rotated by a rotating means so as to satisfy the following condition. The lighting device according to claim 1. 3. The first and second primary reflecting mirrors are rotated by the rotating means so that the direction of sunlight reflected by at least one of the primary reflecting mirrors is substantially horizontal regardless of the sunlight incident angle δ. 3. The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the lighting device is moved. 4. When the sunlight incident angle δ is 90 ° or less, the inclination angle α of the first primary reflecting mirror is 2 times the sunlight incident angle δ.
And the inclination angle β of the second primary reflecting mirror is substantially equal to 90 ° minus half of the sunlight incident angle δ, and the sunlight incident angle δ is 90. When the angle is larger than °, the inclination angle α of the first primary reflecting mirror is 90 °.
And the angle of inclination of the second primary reflecting mirror is substantially equal to one half of the sunlight incident angle δ. 3. The daylighting device according to claim 2, wherein the first and second primary reflecting mirrors are rotated by moving means. 5. The range of change of the sunlight incident angle δ in one day is divided into a plurality of regions where λ <δ <η (where η <2λ), and the upper limit value η ≦ 90 ° in each region. The inclination angle α of the first primary mirror is approximately equal to one half of the upper limit η, and the inclination angle β of the second primary mirror is 9
When the upper limit value η> 90 °, the inclination angle α of the first primary reflecting mirror is increased from 90 ° to the upper limit value η when the upper limit value η> 90 °. The first and second rotating means are rotated by the rotating means so that the angle is substantially equal to the angle obtained by subtracting half the angle, and the inclination angle β of the second primary reflecting mirror is substantially equal to half the upper limit η. 3. The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the primary reflecting mirror is rotated. 6. The daylighting device according to claim 1, wherein the two primary reflecting mirrors are fixed so that an angle between them is approximately 90 °.