JPH0617832A - Bearing device and complex slide material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve abrasion resistance by interposing at least two pieces of thrust washers between a pair of rotary members rotating relatively, manufacturing one of them of an Fe family material and the other of a softer material than this and applying plating harder than its base material on the other. CONSTITUTION:Thrust washers 9A, 9B are interposed between a pinion 8 and a carrier 4, and thrust washers 9A, 9B, 9A are interposed between the pinion 8 and a bracket 6. The thrust washer 9A is manufactured of an Fe family material and the base material of the thrust washer 9B is manufactured of a softer material than the Fe family material, and harder plating than the base material is applied to the intermediate thrust washer 9B. As the softer material than the Fe family material, a Cu-Sn family bearing alloy of phosphor bronze, aluminum bronze and others or an Aluminium family bearing alloy is used and for plating, composite plating of Ni-P, Ni-B and others is used. Consequently, it is possible to improve abrasion resistance and, even if the composite plated layer is abrased by long term use and the base material is exposed, it is possible to secure seizure resistance.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bearing device and a composite sliding material.

2. Description of the Related Art A planetary pinion generally used for an automatic transmission is rotatably supported by a pinion shaft provided on a carrier via a needle roller as a bearing, and meshes with a sun gear and a ring gear. One end of the pinion shaft is connected to the carrier and the other end is connected to a bracket that rotates integrally with the carrier. Therefore, the planetary pinion rotatably supported by the pinion shaft is sandwiched between the carrier and the bracket. Therefore, the pinion shaft is prevented from falling off in the axial direction. At this time, in order to prevent both end faces of the pinion from directly slidingly contacting the end face of the carrier or the end face of the bracket, two thrust washers are usually provided between the end faces. And as the above-mentioned two thrust washers, generally,
Thrust washer made of Fe-based material on the pinion side,
C on the end face side of the carrier and on the end face side of the bracket
A thrust washer made of a u-Sn bearing alloy, that is, a bronze is used. Thrust washers made of an Fe-based material provided on both sides of the pinion also serve as an axial retainer for the needle roller interposed between the pinion and the pinion shaft, and are provided on the carrier side and the bracket side. The thrust washer made of the Cu-Sn type bearing alloy is used with emphasis on conformability and seizure resistance.

The thrust washers are required not to wear for a long period of time. However, the thrust washers are deteriorated due to the deterioration of oil due to the increase in engine speed in recent years and the prolonged maintenance-free operation of automatic transmissions. Since it is easily worn, it is necessary to further improve wear resistance. In particular, a thrust washer made of a Cu-Sn bearing alloy has increased wear when oil deteriorates due to long-term use and lubrication conditions deteriorate. In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a bearing device and a composite sliding material having excellent wear resistance.

That is, in the bearing device according to the present invention, at least two thrust washers are interposed between a pair of relatively rotating members, and one thrust washer is made of an Fe-based material. In addition, the base material of the other thrust washer is made of a material softer than the Fe-based material, and the other thrust washer is plated harder than the base material. Further, the composite sliding material of the present invention has a base material of Cu
It is characterized in that it is manufactured from a Sn-based bearing alloy, and that the base material is subjected to Ni-based composite plating.

When the bearing device having the above-mentioned structure is used in an automatic transmission, as shown in the following experimental results, a thrust washer made of a Fe-based material and a C
The wear resistance can be improved as compared with the conventional bearing device using the thrust washer made of u-Sn bearing alloy. In particular, as the plated thrust washer of the above bearing device, a composite sliding material whose base material is manufactured from a Cu-Sn bearing alloy and which is subjected to Ni composite plating is used. preferable. Wear resistance can be improved by applying the above Ni-based composite plating, and the lubrication conditions deteriorate with long-term use.
Even if the Ni-based composite plating layer is abraded and the base material is exposed, the base material is manufactured from the Cu—Sn-based bearing alloy, and therefore seizure resistance can be ensured.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. In FIG. 1, a sun gear 2 and a ring gear 3 are rotatably supported by a rotary shaft 1 of an automatic transmission, and a carrier 4 is integrated with the rotary shaft 1. It is fixed to. Each end of a plurality of pinion shafts 5 is fixed to the carrier 4, and the other end of each pinion shaft 5 is attached to a bracket 6 which is provided on the rotary shaft 1 and rotates integrally with the rotary shaft 1. It is connected. These pinion shafts 5 are arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the rotary shaft 1 and at equidistant positions in the circumferential direction about the rotation center of the rotary shaft 1. A planetary pinion 8 is rotatably supported on each pinion shaft 5 via a needle roller 7, and two thrust washers 9A and 9B are provided between each pinion 8 and the carrier 4.
, And three thrust washers 9A, 9B, 9A are interposed between the pinion 8 and the bracket 6, respectively. Of the two thrust washers 9A and 9B provided between the pinion 8 and the carrier 4, the thrust washer 9A on the pinion 8 side, the pinion 8 and the bracket 6
Thrust washers 9A, 9B, 9 provided between
The pinion 8 side of A and the thrust washer 9A of the bracket 6 side are manufactured from a Fe-based material.
And in particular, the thrust washers 9 on both sides of the pinion 8
Both ends of the needle roller 7 are held by A and 9A to prevent the needle roller 7 from being pulled out in the axial direction. On the other hand, the remaining thrust washers 9B are the thrust washers 9B on the carrier 4 side of the two thrust washers 9A, 9B provided between the pinion 8 and the carrier 4, and the pinion 8 and the bracket 6. The intermediate thrust washer 9B among the three thrust washers 9A, 9B, 9A provided in between is made of a material softer than the above Fe-based material, and the intermediate thrust washer 9B is used. The plating is harder than the base material. As a material softer than the above Fe-based material, Cu-S such as phosphor bronze, aluminum bronze, and round bronze.
An n-based bearing alloy or an Al-based bearing alloy can be used. Among these alloys, Cu-
Sn-based bearing alloys are preferable, and phosphor bronze is preferable among the Cu-Sn-based bearing alloys. As the plating, composite plating of Ni-P, Ni-B, PTFE + Ni-P, ceramic + Ni-P, diamond + Ni-P, etc. can be used. This Ni-based composite plating is Ni
-P is most preferred. The thickness of this plating layer is 1 to 3.
The range is preferably 0 μm, more preferably 5 to 20 μm.
Is the range. By the way, of the two thrust washers provided between the carrier 4 and the bracket 6 on the stationary side and the pinion 8 on the rotating side, the thrust washer 9A on the pinion 8 side on the rotating side is the needle roller 7 removed. Since it also serves as a stopper, it is desirable to rotate as much as possible with the pinion 8 in order to reduce relative movement with the needle roller 7 and prevent wear. However, since the surface roughness of the bracket 6 is generally large, if only the two thrust washers 9A and 9B are interposed here to form the thrust washer 9B on the bracket 6 side, the thrust washer 9B is fixed to the bracket 6. Easier to do. Then, when the thrust washer 9B is fixed to the bracket 6, the other thrust washer 9A is dragged by the fixed thrust washer 9B and rotated relatively with respect to the pinion 8 to obtain the above-mentioned desirable state. Disappear. Therefore, the Fe-based material thrust washer 9 is provided between the bracket 6 and the thrust washer 9B.
A is interposed, and in this case, even if the thrust washer 9A is fixed to the bracket 6, the thrust washer 9B can be easily rotated with respect to the fixed thrust washer 9A. As a result, the thrust washer 9A on the side of the pinion 8 that slidably contacts the thrust washer 9B.
It is possible to reduce the relative rotational speed between the pinion 8 and the pinion 8, and it is easy to realize the above-described desirable state. Since the surface of the carrier 4 is generally formed to be smooth with respect to the bracket 6, two thrust washers 9 are provided here.
Only A and 9B are provided. This is because the thrust washer 9B on the carrier 4 side easily rotates with respect to the carrier 4,
Therefore, it is possible to reduce the relative rotational speed between the thrust washer 9A and the pinion 8 on the pinion 8 side without further interposing the thrust washer 9A made of an Fe-based material between the carrier 4 and the thrust washer 9B. Because. However, it goes without saying that the thrust washer 9A made of an Fe-based material may be interposed between the carrier 4 and the thrust washer 9B. It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiment is one in which the present invention is applied to the bearing device of the planetary pinion 8 in the automatic transmission, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it can be applied to a bearing device for a drum clutch in an automatic transmission, a bearing device for a connecting rod of an engine, a bearing device for a one-way clutch, and the like. Further, in particular, a composite sliding material in which a base material is a Cu-Sn bearing alloy and the base material is subjected to Ni-based composite plating is
It can be applied not only to thrust bearings but also to journal bearings. Next, the effect of the present invention will be described based on the experimental result of FIG. In this experiment, as shown in FIG.
Three thrust washers 9A, 9B, 9A are interposed between the stationary-side member 11 manufactured by S15C (quenching Hv500-600) and the rotating-side member 12 manufactured by SK5,
A central shaft 12A integrally fixed to the rotary shaft 12 is penetrated through the thrust washers 9A, 9B, 9A and the fixed side member 11 so that the thrust washers 9A, 9B, 9A respectively correspond to the fixed side member 11 and the rotary side member 12. It was designed so that it would not fall from between the end faces. And in this state, the rotation side member 12
Was rotationally driven at a rotation speed of 1500 rpm, the rotating side member 12 was biased toward the fixed side member 11 with a load of 25 Kg, and the load was changed by ± 30 Kg at 60 Hz. The oil temperature at this time is 80 ° C., the oil type is D-II,
The amount of oil was 9 B to 15 cc / min (shaft lubrication). In addition, in the experiment on the two thrust washers 9B and 9A, the thrust washer 9A on the fixed side member 11 side was omitted, and the experiment was performed under the same conditions as described above. The samples used in this experiment are as follows. (Invention product 1) Invention product 1 includes two thrust washers 9
Thrust washer 9A composed of B and 9A and serving as the rotary member 12 side was manufactured from Fe-based material SK-5, and its surface (sliding surface) was smoothed by barrel processing. Further, the thrust washer 9B serving as the fixed-side member 11 side has its base material made of PBP2 which is a Cu-Sn bearing alloy, and its surface is subjected to Ni-P composite plating with a thickness of 10 μm. (Invention product 2) Invention product 2 includes three thrust washers 9
Two thrust washers 9A composed of A, 9B, and 9A on both sides were manufactured from Fe-based material SK-5, and the surface was smoothed by barreling. The intermediate thrust washer 9B has a base material of PB made of Cu-Sn bearing alloy.
It was manufactured with P2, and its surface was subjected to 10 μm thick Ni—P composite plating. (Comparative product 1) Comparative product 1 is composed of two thrust washers 9A and 9B as in the case of the invention product 1, and the thrust washer 9A on the side of the rotary side member 12 is made of the Fe-based material SK-5.
The product was manufactured in Japan, and its surface was subjected to Lubelite (trade name) as a chemical conversion treatment. The thrust washer 9B on the fixed member 11 side is made of PBP2 which is a Cu-Sn bearing alloy as in the case of the invention product 1.
i-P composite plating is not applied. (Comparative product 2) Comparative product 2 is composed of three thrust washers 9A, 9B and 9A as in the case of the invention product 2, and the two thrust washers 9A on both sides are made of Fe-based material SK-5. The surface was smoothed by barrel processing. Further, the intermediate thrust washer 9B is similar to the invention product 2 in that Cu-Sn is used.
Although it is manufactured from PBP2 which is a bearing alloy, its surface is not subjected to Ni-P composite plating. As is clear from the experimental results shown in FIG. 2, the invention products 1 and 2 are comparative products 1 and 2.
However, the total amount of wear can be significantly reduced. In addition, since the Ni-P composite plating is excellent in corrosion resistance, the comparative products 1 and 2 which do not have the Ni-P composite plating layer are provided.
The corrosion resistance can be improved. Further, when the invention product 1 and the comparative product 1 were incorporated into an actual automatic transmission and a continuous operation test was performed at an oil temperature of 120 ° C. for 150 hours, the total wear amount of the comparative product 1 was 100 μm. The total wear amount of the product 1 of the present invention was only 10 μm.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain the effect that the wear resistance can be improved as compared with the conventional case.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the results of tests conducted on the example shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an experimental apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Rotating shaft 2 ... Sun gear 3 ... Ring gear 4 ... Carrier 5 ... Pinion shaft 6 ... Bracket 7 ... Needle roller 8 ... Planetary pinion 9A, 9B ... Thrust washer

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. At least two thrust washers are interposed between a pair of rotating members that rotate relative to each other, and one thrust washer is manufactured from an Fe-based material, and
A bearing device characterized in that the base material of the other thrust washer is made of a material softer than the Fe-based material, and the other thrust washer is plated harder than the base material. 2. A composite sliding material characterized in that a base material of the composite sliding material is a Cu—Sn bearing alloy, and the base material is subjected to Ni-based composite plating.