JPH06153693A - Method for indoor cultivation of lyophyllum decastesiae sing. - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a method for indoor cultivation of Lyophyllum decastes Sing. in which the harvesting of the Lyophyllum decastes Sing. of high quality can stably be carried out. CONSTITUTION:A culture medium is filled in a cultivation container and thermally sterilized. A spawn is then inoculated thereinto and cultivated in a room. When a hypha of the inoculated spawn spreads in the cultivation container, the opening of the cultivation container is covered with a porous inorganic mineral substance, regulated to 30-70% moisture content and having 3-15mm grain diameter. The cultivation is then continued to develop Lyophyllum decastes Sing.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for indoor cultivation of Hatake shimeji, and more particularly to a method for indoor cultivating Hatake shimeji of high quality in a stable and short period of time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hatake shimeji mushrooms are mushrooms of the genus Shimeji, whose fruiting body is similar in form to honshimeji, and are so delicious that they are said to be a saprophytic type of honshimeji and have a good aroma and texture. This mushroom is a kind of saprophytic mushroom, and it occurs in the forests, gardens, fields, roadsides, and sometimes under the floors of houses, etc. in autumn (Rokuya Imaseki, Tsugio Hongo: A guidebook for new Japanese fungi of primary color). (I), Nursery Company, 198
7). In addition, generally, in the artificial cultivation of mushrooms, a method of artificially cultivating a fungus bed that can be mass-produced on an industrial scale has been established, and since these products are on the market, the taste of consumers is uniform, Mushrooms that look beautiful and are ready to cook tend to be preferred.

In the artificial cultivation method of Hatake shimeji mushroom, the outdoor cultivation method can harvest once a year or twice in some cases, but the cultivation period is long and the harvest amount is uncertain due to the weather and the like. It is stable and these are major obstacles to the industry. In addition, although the indoor cultivation method allows year-round cultivation, it is necessary to artificially adjust the indoor temperature and humidity, and it is desirable to shorten the cultivation period as much as possible in consideration of energy and other factors for this. There is.

As a method for artificially cultivating Hatake shimeji mushroom, a mixture of bark compost and rice bran is used as a culture medium, and when the hyphae spread in the cultivation container, the opening of the cultivation container is covered with a mineral substance composed of fine particles. Method for cultivating
244320) or a method of culturing by burying a fully-ripened bacterial bed in a vat-shaped container filled with a mineral substance composed of fine particles (Japanese Patent Application No. 3-8000). Furthermore, there is also a method of coating the "agar residue" obtained by fermentation decomposition of the hot water-insoluble filtration by-product obtained during the agar production process on the opening of the cultivation container (Japanese Patent Application No. 3-343817, Japanese Patent Application No. 4-1334).
10). However, since these methods use a material containing fine particles as a material for covering the opening of the cultivation container at the time of fruiting body occurrence, this is attached to a mushroom handle, an umbrella, a stone cutting portion, etc. It would not necessarily be an industrially effective means, as it would lower it.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional method for artificially cultivating Hatake shimeji, and to enable stable and short-term harvesting of high quality Hatake shimeji. To propose an indoor cultivation method.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the indoor cultivation method of Hatake shimeji mushrooms, the present inventors examined a method capable of stably harvesting Hatake shimeji mushrooms of higher quality than the methods that have been used so far. As a result, when the hyphae cultivated in a cultivation container such as a cultivation bottle or a cultivation bag are sufficiently infested in the container and fully matured, a particle diameter of 3 to 15 mm which is sufficiently absorbed by water
By coating the opening with a porous inorganic mineral of
Cultivation method that produces high-quality Hatake shimeji mushrooms in a shorter period of time than ever before, and that the coating material does not adhere to the harvested fruit body pattern, umbrella, stone cutting part, or even if it adheres, it is easy to remove. The present invention has been completed by finding

[0007] That is, the method for indoor cultivation of Hatake shimeji mushrooms of the present invention comprises the steps of filling the culture medium in a cultivation container, heat sterilizing the medium, and inoculating the inoculum with the inoculum, and then cultivating the mushrooms in the room. When the hyphae of the inoculated seeds spread in the cultivation container, the water content was 30 to 70%.
The cultivation is continued by covering the opening of the cultivation container with the porous inorganic mineral substance having a particle diameter of 3 to 15 mm prepared in 1.

The materials and cultivation methods used in the present invention will be described in detail below. Cultivating Container Any cultivating container used in the present invention can be used as long as it is a cultivating container generally used for artificial cultivation of mushrooms. Usually, it is preferable to use a polypropylene bottle or a rectangular parallelepiped bag having a capacity of 800 to 1,000 ml.

[0009] The culture medium to tail used to culture the present invention, a support and nutrients at a volume ratio of 3: 1 to 5: 1 mixture of range, a material obtained by adjusting the water content to 50% to 70% Can be used. Furthermore, if necessary, a mixture of inorganic components such as calcium and potassium can be used. The following can be used as the support and nutrient source used in the present invention.

Support The support used in the present invention, which is the "field" where the hyphae of Hatake shimeji mushroom grow, is sawdust, bark compost,
Agar residue, coffee dregs, rice straw, wood pulp and the like can be used, and of these, sawdust, bark compost and agar residue are particularly preferable. Sawdust: As the sawdust, sawdust of broad-leaved trees such as Quercus, beech tree, and hornbeam, and sawdust of coniferous trees such as cedar, cypress, and pine can be used. Bourke compost: Bourke compost is used as a soil improver for horticulture, greening, etc., and is mainly made from domestic hardwood bark, but some Ezo pine, Todo pine, rice hemlock, and North American timber. There is also one. Although the manufacturing method varies depending on the manufacturer, it is basically fermented by adding nitrogen components such as urea and lime nitrogen and chicken manure to the bark (bark) of the above tree species. In the present invention, any commercially available products can be used. Agar residue: The agar residue is a mixture of hot water insoluble substances obtained when agar is produced mainly from seaweeds such as Maxa, Ogonori, Otakusa, Pleurotus cornucopia, and Plutella niger, and perlite used as a filter aid. Although there are decomposed products and unfermented products, both can be used in the present invention. Some of the agar residues produced in this way are registered as trademarks under the name "Agarpost" (1990 trademark application 14).
1952).

[0011] as a nutrient source for use in nutrients present invention, rice bran, wheat bran, soybean meal, corn flour, milo flour, rye flour, may be used, corn cobs and the like, among which rice bran is starch, glucose , Protein, phosphoric acid, potassium, vitamin B, etc. are contained therein, which is ideal as a nutrient source for a culture medium for cultivation of Hatake shimeji mushroom, and is suitable because it is easily available.

Heat sterilization The heat sterilization of the culture medium can be carried out by an autoclave as is generally done. Usually 120-130
Sterilization may be performed at a temperature of ° C for 2 to 3 hours, but in some cases, sterilization of the culture medium may be strengthened by so-called intermittent sterilization, in which heat sterilization is performed once, a certain period of time is elapsed, and then heat sterilization is performed again.

[0013] A porous inorganic mineral cultivating vessel is filled with a culture medium, inoculated with a seed bacterium and cultivated in a room where the temperature and humidity are adjusted to a certain temperature, and the hyphae of the seed bacterium grow and spread well in the cultivating vessel. As a porous inorganic mineral substance as a coating material that covers the opening of the container when fully matured, it can retain moisture, has excellent air permeability, and has little adhesion to the fruiting bodies that have formed. Alternatively, it is effective to use a material that can be easily removed when attached. Specifically, hard horticultural pumice stones having a particle diameter of 3 to 15 mm, such as Hyuga soil, and those obtained by heat-treating soft red spheres having the same diameter can be used. In use, these may be used after sufficiently absorbing water to a saturated state, or may be used after being coated with water such as irrigation to replenish water at appropriate times, but the water content is 30 to 70%. It is necessary to be.

Medium for Tissue Culture and Subculture As the medium used for cultivating the hyphae of Pleurotus cornucopiae in the present invention, any medium can generally be used as long as it can grow basidiomycetes. For example, any of the media described in "Fungal Research Method" (edited by Kiyoo Aoshima, Keisuke Tsubaki, Koichiro Miura; P. 393-408, published June 1, 1983, Kyoritsu Publishing) can be used. A particularly preferred example is a medium having the composition shown in Table 1 or Table 2.

[0015]

[Table 1]

[0016]

[Table 2]

Preparation of inoculum Artificially cultivated Hatake shimeji or wild Hatake shimeji are collected and a part of the tissue is cut out, for example, as shown in Table 1 above.
Alternatively, tissue culture is performed using the agar medium shown in Table 2.
Aseptic mycelium obtained by repeating subculture of the obtained mycelium,
Bark compost or sawdust or agar residue and rice bran are mixed in a volume ratio of 3 to 7: 1, inoculated into a medium adjusted to have a water content of 50 to 70%, and cultured at 20 to 25 ° C for about 30 days. Make inoculum.

Cultivation method A culture medium in which a support such as bark compost, sawdust or agar residue, and a nutrient source such as rice bran is mixed in a volume ratio of 3 to 5: 1 is added to a polypropylene culture bottle of 800 to 1000 ml or Fill a culture bag of about 1000 ml with 1
It is sterilized at 20 to 130 ° C. for about 2 to 3 hours, cooled, and then aseptically inoculated with the inoculum prepared above. Then, when cultivating in a cultivation bottle, after culturing for 30 to 90 days in a room adjusted to a room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C and a humidity of 60 to 80%, germs are scratched and water is added to the upper end of the mouth of the cultivation bottle. Leave for 1 to 5 hours. Then, the excess water is discarded, the water is further absorbed sufficiently, and the opening is covered with a thickness of 1 to 2 cm with a porous inorganic mineral substance having a water content of 30 to 70% and a particle diameter of 3 to 15 mm. Room temperature 10
If cultivation is continued in a room adjusted to 20 ° C, humidity of 90 to 95%, and illuminance of 50 to 300 lux, 20
It will be possible to harvest fruit bodies in ~ 35 days. Moreover, when cultivating in a cultivation bag, after inoculating the inoculum, the room temperature is 20 to 2
Incubate for 30 to 60 days in a room adjusted to 5 ° C and humidity of 60 to 80%. After the hyphae have spread in the bag in this way, the upper part of the bag is opened, and then water is sufficiently absorbed to adjust the water content to 30 to 70%, and the opening is made of a porous inorganic mineral substance having a particle size of 3 to 15 mm. Is coated with a thickness of about 1 to 2 cm. If this is continued to be cultivated in a room adjusted to room temperature of 10 to 20 ° C., humidity of 90 to 95%, and illuminance of 50 to 300 lux, fruit body harvesting becomes possible 20 to 35 days after coating.

[0019]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

EXAMPLE 1 Rice bran was mixed at a volume ratio of 3: 1 to a mixture of agar residue and bark compost at a volume ratio of 1: 1 to adjust the water content to 58%. The culture medium was filled in a polypropylene culture bottle of 850 ml with 620 g, and in order to improve the growth of mycelium, a hole having a diameter of 10 mm was made in the center of the culture medium until the vicinity of the bottom from the mouth of the bottle was reached. The inside of the bottle can be replenished with air.
This bottle was sterilized by autoclaving at 120 ° C for 3 hours, and allowed to cool until the temperature of the culture medium became 25 ° C or lower,
Inoculate 15g of inoculum in a clean bench at room temperature 23
Cultivation was carried out in a room prepared at a temperature of 70 ° C and a humidity of 70%. As a result, hyphae spread in the cultivation bottle in 30 days, and when the culture was continued for another 30 days as it was, the mycelia spread well in the cultivation bottle and water droplets were observed in the voids of the culture medium in the container. And the mycelium is fully ripe.

At this point, the bacteria were scraped off, 40 ml of water was further added to replenish the water, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 2 hours, after which the opening was opened to remove excess water. Then the particle size is 3 to 9 m
In a room where the opening was covered to a thickness of 2 cm with Hyuga soil (moisture content 58%) that had been sieved to m and absorbed enough to reach saturation, at room temperature 17 ° C, humidity 95%, and illuminance 200 Lux. The cultivation was continued. As a result, on the 30th day after covering with Hyuga soil, 120g of handle, umbrella,
High-quality fruit bodies of Hatake shimeji mushrooms were collected with no deposits on the stone parts.

Example 2 Cultivation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the agar residue was used as the support for the culture medium. As a result, 6 from inoculation
Bacteria infested in 0 days, and after 1 day in 30 days after covering with Hyuga soil
A high-quality fruiting body was collected with 100 g per cultivation bottle of the book, without sticking to the handle, umbrella, stone cutting part, and the like.

Example 3 Cultivation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that bark compost was used as the support for the culture medium. As a result, 60 days after the inoculation of the seeds, the fungus spread, and within 30 days after covering with Hyuga soil, 100 g of a high-quality fruiting body without sticking to the handle, umbrella, stone cutting part, etc. It was collected.

Example 4 Rice bran was mixed at a volume ratio of 3: 1 to a mixture of agar residue and bark compost at a volume ratio of 1: 1 to adjust the water content to 58%. 800 g of the culture medium was filled in a 1000-ml cultivation bag and sterilized by autoclaving at 120 ° C. for 3 hours. After the temperature of the culture medium had dropped to 25 ° C. or lower, 15 g of inoculum was inoculated in a clean bench, and the cells were cultured for 60 days in a room prepared at room temperature of 23 ° C. and humidity of 70%. Next, cut open the upper part of the bag to reduce the particle size to 3 ~.
Cover the opening with a thickness of 2 cm with a sun-dried soil that has been screened to 9 mm and sufficiently absorbed water to a saturated state.
Cultivation was continued in a room adjusted to ℃, humidity 95%, and illuminance 200 lux. As a result, 30 days after covering with Hyuga soil
On the day, 150 g of high quality fruit bodies of Hatake shimeji mushroom were collected without sticking to the handle, umbrella, stone cutting part and the like. Even when the agar residue and bark compost were used alone as the support for the culture medium, the agar residue was 110 g and the bark compost was 120 g on the handle, umbrella, stone cutting part, etc. on the 30th day after covering with the sun-budding soil. High quality fruiting bodies without kimono were collected.

Comparative Example 1 In each of Examples 1 to 4, cultivation was performed without using a covering material. As a result, the growth stopped in the condition of the primordia and the harvest could not be reached.

Comparative Example 2 In each of Examples 1 to 4, cultivation was performed using Kuroboku as the covering material instead of Hyuga soil. As a result, the yield was the same as when Hinata soil was used, but the merchandise was inferior due to the black sticks on the mushroom handle, umbrella, stone cutting part, etc.

Comparative Example 3 In each of Examples 1 to 4, cultivation was performed using agar residue instead of Hyuga soil as a coating material. As a result, the yield was the same as when Hyuga soil was used, but the agar residue was attached to the mushroom pattern, umbrella, stone cutting part, etc., and the commercial value was poor.

[0028]

Industrial Applicability As described above, in the artificial cultivation method of Hatake shimeji mushrooms which is carried out indoors using the cultivation bottle or the cultivation bag, according to the present invention, the water content is 30 to 70% at the time when the hyphae are spread in the cultivation container. By covering the opening of the cultivation container with a porous inorganic mineral substance having a particle diameter of 3 to 15 mm, it became possible to generate a large amount of fruiting bodies with high commercial value.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a method for indoor cultivation of Hatake shimeji, which is prepared by filling a culture medium in a cultivation container, sterilizing the culture medium with heat, and then inoculating the inoculum, and then incubating indoors, the mycelium of the inoculated inoculum spreads in the cultivation container. The water content is 30 ~
An indoor cultivation method of Hatake shimeji mushrooms, characterized by covering the opening of a cultivation container with a porous inorganic mineral substance having a particle diameter of 3 to 15 mm prepared to 70% and continuing cultivation.