JPH06151213A - Twist thin type voltage converter and its use - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a small type voltage conversion device having little iron loss in an application field having high frequency while allowing a change of a winding ratio relatively easily and soft by external operations while providing a small-sized voltage converter having a relatively small iron loss of a leakage magnetic flux reduction type for a high frequency region having a not too high frequency. CONSTITUTION:Only a non-magnet material is used for an application field having a high frequency, twist wires are spirally wound so as to form the same plain, and at least one wire is used as a primary winding 2 and the rest is used as a secondary winding 3. When wire end parts are used as straight and parallel connections or independent secondary windings, a desired winding ratio of an integer ratio. The inside or/and outside ring-shaped magnets are arranged inside the same plain of the windings for a high-frequency region of a not too high frequency. Thereby, a small-sized voltage converter having a little iron loss can be obtained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a voltage converter for primary and secondary insulation, and more particularly to a voltage converter for a high frequency device such as a power transformer of OA equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A twist type voltage converter formed by winding a twisted electric wire formed by twisting a plurality of conductors insulated from each other has been disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-80830. As described above, since the twisted electric wire is wound around the iron core of the magnetic body, the device size tends to be large, and the thickness tends to be particularly large. Further, since a magnetic iron core is used, it is unavoidable to cause excessive iron loss especially in high frequency voltage conversion.

[0003]

As described above, it is difficult to reduce the size of a voltage converter for the purpose of primary and secondary insulation by the technique of winding a twisted wire around a magnetic iron core. Further, especially when the frequency is high, it is difficult to avoid the tendency of the apparatus to be large in size because special consideration is required to avoid temperature rise due to iron loss.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized voltage converter having a small iron loss particularly in an application field having a high frequency.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a voltage conversion device which, in addition to the first object, can relatively easily and flexibly change the winding ratio by an external operation.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a small voltage converter having a relatively small iron loss, which reduces leakage flux for a high frequency region where the frequency is not so high.

[0007]

In order to achieve the first object, only a non-magnetic material is used, a twisted wire is wound in a spiral shape so as to form the same plane, and At least one of them may be used as a primary winding and the remaining electric wire may be used as a secondary winding.

In order to achieve the second object, one or a plurality of electric wires are selected for the primary winding and the secondary winding, respectively. The secondary windings may be connected in series or in parallel, and the secondary windings may be independent secondary windings, secondary windings connected in series, or secondary windings connected in parallel. In this case, it is important to connect the primary windings and the secondary windings adjacent to each other so that the currents flow in the same direction as much as possible.

To achieve the third object, the twisted electric wire is wound in a spiral shape so as to form the same plane, and the ring-shaped magnetic body is arranged inside or / and outside in the same plane. Then, at least one of the electric wires is used as a primary winding and the remaining electric wire is used as a secondary winding. The current directions of the adjacent primary windings and secondary windings are the same. It is essential that the connections be made in the same direction as much as possible.

[0010]

By using a twisted electric wire formed by twisting a plurality of electric wires, the conductor of the primary winding and the conductor of the secondary winding are brought into close contact with each other and the degree of electromagnetic coupling is increased. If it is wound in a spiral shape so as to form the same plane and connected so that the current directions of the primary winding and the secondary winding are in the same direction as much as possible, the leakage flux between conductors will be in the center. It effectively acts on each of the conductors focused on the section, further enhancing the degree of electromagnetic coupling and enabling a thin structure. When a magnetic iron core is not used, iron loss can be minimized.

One or more of the twisted wires are
By selecting the secondary winding and using the rest (which must not be 0) as the secondary winding, it is possible to effectively construct a voltage converter that insulates the primary and secondary, and It is possible to easily select the winding ratio of the integer ratio by using the external connection change. Series connection is adopted for the purpose of selecting the winding ratio, and parallel connection is selected for the purpose of increasing the current carrying capacity. The use of the plurality of secondary windings as independent secondary windings is for the purpose of electrical isolation between the secondary windings.

The twisted electric wire is wound in a spiral shape so as to form the same plane, and the ring-shaped magnetic body is arranged on the inner side and / or the outer side in the same plane. This is because the required characteristics are maintained in a high frequency region where the electromagnetic coupling is relatively low and the iron loss is relatively small in this frequency region.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of a twisted thin voltage converter according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. A winding 1 in which a twisted wire is wound in a spiral shape so as to form the same plane using only a non-magnetic material, is composed of two wires, each of which is composed of a primary winding 2 and a secondary winding. Selected as winding 3. The primary winding 2 and the secondary winding 3 have insulated wires of the same wire size with their extended lengths made as equal as possible. When a current i is passed between the terminals 4 and 5 of the primary winding, a voltage is induced between the terminals 6 and 7 of the secondary winding. The winding ratio (voltage ratio) in the case of the present embodiment is 1: 1.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a cross section of the twisted wire shown in FIG. 1, and the state of electromagnetic coupling between the primary winding 2 and the secondary winding 3 will be described with reference to FIG. When a current is passed through the primary winding 2 using an insulated wire made of an insulator 8, when the frequency of the current is low, the current flows through the entire conductor of the primary winding, and the magnetic flux φ1 is the entire conductor of the secondary winding. However, the magnetic fluxes φ2 and φ3 do not cover the entire conductor of the secondary winding. Therefore, when the frequency of the current is low, the entire magnetic flux generated by the current in the conductor portion of the primary winding is not trapped (interlinked) by the conductor of the secondary winding. However, when the frequency becomes high, the skin effect appears, and the current does not flow in the conductor central portion 10 of the primary winding, and the current flows only in the conductor outer shell portion 11 of the primary winding. The frequency of the current induced in the secondary winding 3 is also the same as the frequency of the current in the primary winding 2, so that no current flows in the conductor center portion 12 of the secondary winding 2 and the outer shell of the secondary winding The current flows only in the portion 13. Therefore, when the frequency of the current is high, the magnetic fluxes φ1 to φ3 generated by the current in the conductor portion of the primary winding are 2
Since the conductor outer shell portion 13 of the secondary winding is wrapped, it is substantially equivalent to wrapping the entire conductor of the secondary winding, and the entire magnetic flux generated by the current of the conductor portion of the primary winding is the secondary winding. It is easy to be caught by the conductor. As shown in FIG. 1, when the spiral winding is used, the conductor of the primary winding 2 and the conductor of the secondary winding 3 are arranged on both sides except for the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference of the spiral winding. The effect of the above description can be obtained on both sides, and the leakage magnetic flux between the conductors is focused on the central portion, that is, the inner circumference of the vortex winding. The magnetic flux passing through the inner circumference of the spiral winding effectively acts on the conductors of the respective secondary windings by interlinking with the conductors of all the secondary windings, further increasing the degree of electromagnetic coupling. In the experimental example, the twisted electric wire had a coupling coefficient of 85%, while the twisted wire had a coupling coefficient of 95%.

FIG. 3 shows the frequency characteristics of the coupling coefficient between the primary winding 2 and the secondary winding 3 measured using the first embodiment of the present invention. Coupling coefficient at frequencies above 10 kHz,
That is, the voltage conversion efficiency suddenly improves and becomes 100 kHz.
In the above, the value is saturated at a value of almost 95%. In this saturation region, it is clear that the entire magnetic flux produced by the current in the primary winding and the conductor in the secondary winding are almost interlinked.

As described above, according to the present invention, the voltage conversion device in which the non-magnetic material alone is used to form the same plane and the twisted electric wire is spirally wound to insulate the primary and the secondary. When manufactured, iron loss is extremely small, and the elements can be arranged without gaps in the thickness direction, so that a high-efficiency conversion device having a thin structure and a high electromagnetic coupling degree can be obtained. Moreover, since the insulated wire is used, the electrostatic capacitance between the conductors of both wires can be minimized, and stable operation can be performed even at high frequency operation. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the winding is shown as being wound in a circular shape, but the same effect can be obtained by arranging it in a thin shape and in a square shape. The space can be saved, and the arrangement will be easier. Furthermore, making the lengths of the twisted wires uniform and making the wires the same size minimizes the difference in electromotive force between the wires, avoids the adverse effects of circulating current, and at the same time reduces the current between the primary and secondary windings. It helps to align the directions as much as possible.

There is only the wiring system shown in FIG. 4 in the first embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a layout view of windings showing a second embodiment of the twisted thin voltage converter according to the present invention. The winding 1 in which the twisted wire is wound in a spiral shape so as to form the same plane by using only the non-magnetic material has three electric wires 14,
It is composed of 15 and 16, and the respective extension lengths are made as equal as possible and the insulated wire having the same wire size is used. At both ends of the electric wire 14, terminals 17 and 18 are provided
Are provided with terminals 19 and 20 at both ends thereof, and terminals 21 and 22 are provided at both ends of the electric wire 16. There are methods shown in FIGS. 6 to 10 for connecting these three electric wires. The winding arranged on the left side here is the primary winding, and it is shown that the primary current i flows through each wire, but the current directions of the primary winding and the secondary winding are the same as possible. The connections between the terminals are selected so that In the case of evenly twisting the three electric wires, the primary winding and the secondary winding of the three electric wires can be selected in any way from the illustrated ones. However, for example, when the wires 15 are twisted around each other, the wire 15 is selected as the primary winding, and the wires 14 and 16 are
When the next winding is selected, the wire 15 is always on both sides
Since it is close to 6, the coupling coefficient can be increased without winding.

In FIG. 6, the electric wire 15 is the primary winding and the electric wires 14, 1
6 is a connection when multiple outputs are realized as independent secondary windings, and the winding ratio is 1: 1. Figure 7 shows the electric wire 1
4 and 16 are primary windings connected in series, and the wire 15 is 2
Secondary winding, winding ratio is 2: 1 (ie secondary voltage is 1
It is about 1/2 of the next voltage. FIG. 8 shows a primary winding in which the electric wires 14 and 16 are connected in parallel, the electric wire 15 is a secondary winding, and the winding ratio is 1: 1. In FIG. 9, the wire 15 is a primary winding, and the wires 14 and 16 are secondary windings connected in series, and the winding ratio is 1: 2 (that is, the secondary voltage is about twice the primary voltage). Is. In FIG. 10, the wire 15 is the primary winding, and the wire 1
The secondary windings 4 and 16 are connected in parallel, and the winding ratio is 1: 1.

In the third embodiment according to the present invention, four wires 23, 24, 25, 26 are twisted together, and terminals 27, 28 are provided at both ends of the wire 23 and terminals are provided at both ends of the wire 24. 29, 30 on both ends of the electric wire 25, terminals 31, 3
2 in which terminals 33 and 34 are arranged at both ends of the electric wire 26. Although the physical layout is based on FIGS. 1 and 5, the illustration thereof is omitted, but the main connection method in this case is shown in FIGS. 11 to 15. In FIG. 11, the electric wire 23 is a primary winding, the other electric wires 24, 25 and 26 are multi-output (3 output) secondary windings, and the winding ratio is 1: 1. FIG. 12 shows a primary winding in which the electric wires 23 and 25 are connected in series, and the electric wire 2
4, 26 are multi-output (two-output) secondary windings, and the winding ratio is 2: 1 (that is, the secondary voltage is about 1/2 of the primary voltage). In FIG. 13, the wires 23 and 25 are primary windings connected in parallel, the wires 24 and 26 are multi-output (2 output) secondary windings, and the winding ratio is 1: 1. In FIG. 14, the wires 23 and 25 are primary windings connected in series, and the wires 24 and 26 are connected in parallel.
The secondary winding has a winding ratio of 2: 1 (that is, the secondary voltage is about 1/2 of the primary voltage). Fig. 15 shows wires 23 and 25
Is a primary winding connected in parallel, and the electric wires 24 and 26 are secondary windings connected in series, and the winding ratio is 1: 2 (that is, the secondary voltage is about twice the primary voltage).

In this way, if the number of electric wires is appropriately selected, they are appropriately divided into the primary winding and the secondary winding, and the series-parallel connection or the secondary side independent winding is appropriately selected, it is an integer. The desired turns ratio of the ratio can be obtained. Of course, FIG. 14 and FIG.
As can be seen from the above, the reverse winding ratio can be obtained by reversing the connection method of the primary side and the secondary side. As it is easy to understand by comparing and comparing each of the wiring methods shown above, when using twisted wires formed by twisting wires of the same wire size, it is better to select an even number of wires. It is convenient from the viewpoint of capacity balance. Needless to say, it is possible to obtain a twisted thin voltage converter that can achieve the intended purpose even if the number of electric wires is further increased. If it is not necessary to flexibly change the winding ratio (voltage ratio) by pulling out each terminal of each wire to the outside and changing the external connection, wire terminals other than the primary and secondary lead terminals are internally connected beforehand. It is also possible to improve characteristics such as capacitance. In this case, it is also possible to adopt a combination of different conductor sizes of the twisted wires in consideration of current capacity in the case of parallel secondary connection or the case of two or more multi-output secondary windings.

FIG. 16 shows a twist thin type voltage converter according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. This is a ring-shaped magnetic body 35, 36 inside and outside in the same plane as the winding 1 in which the twisted wire is wound in a spiral shape so as to form the same plane.
Is arranged. The winding 1 itself is the first to
The same structure and function as those described in the third embodiment can be used. By arranging the ring-shaped magnetic body, the radial dimension increases by that amount, but the thickness dimension is the same as when only the non-magnetic material is used.
By arranging this ring-shaped magnetic body, it is possible to easily pass the magnetic flux and reduce the magnetic leakage from the voltage conversion device, whereby the degree of electromagnetic coupling between the primary winding and the secondary winding, and thus the voltage conversion The efficiency can be significantly improved.
Since a magnetic material is used, the iron loss naturally increases, but it is sufficiently smaller than the conventional twisted voltage converter completely covered with a magnetic material, and is suitable for use in a high frequency region where the frequency is not so high. It is possible to provide things. It should be noted that reducing magnetic leakage from the voltage converter means reducing magnetic noise with respect to the surrounding environment, and therefore it is desirable to apply a ring-shaped magnetic body as much as possible in terms of iron loss characteristics.

[0023]

The twisted wire is wound in a spiral shape so as to form the same plane by using only the non-magnetic material, and at least one of the plurality of wires is used as the primary winding.
By using the remaining electric wire as the secondary winding, it is possible to obtain a small-sized voltage conversion device with extremely small iron loss particularly in an application field having a high frequency.

External connection can be achieved by appropriately selecting the number of a plurality of electric wires, dividing them appropriately for the primary winding and the secondary winding, and appropriately selecting the series parallel connection or the secondary side independent winding. It is possible to obtain a desired winding ratio of an integer ratio relatively easily and flexibly by replacing.

By winding the twisted wire in a spiral shape so as to form the same plane and arranging the ring-shaped magnetic body on the inner side and / or the outer side in the same plane, a high-frequency region for which the frequency is not so high is provided. It is possible to obtain a small-sized voltage conversion device in which leakage magnetic flux is reduced and iron loss is relatively small.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a first twist thin type voltage conversion device according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a layout view of windings (2-wire twist) showing the embodiment of FIG.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the twisted wire shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a frequency characteristic diagram of a coupling coefficient between a primary winding and a secondary winding, which is measured by using the twist thin voltage converter shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a connection diagram showing a connection method of the winding of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a second twist thin type voltage conversion device according to the present invention.
3 is a layout view of windings (three-wire twist) showing the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a wiring diagram showing one of the wiring connection methods (two-output secondary winding) of the winding shown in FIG.

7 is one of the wiring connection methods of the winding of FIG. 5 (series primary winding)
It is a connection diagram showing.

FIG. 8 is one of the wiring connection methods of the winding of FIG. 5 (parallel primary winding)
It is a connection diagram showing.

9 is one of the wiring connection methods of the winding of FIG. 5 (series secondary winding)
It is a connection diagram showing.

FIG. 10 is a connection diagram showing one of the connection methods of the windings of FIG. 5 (parallel secondary winding).

[Fig. 11] 1 of winding wire connection method using 4-wire twisted wire
It is a connection diagram showing one (3 output secondary winding).

[Fig. 12] 1 of winding wire connection method using 4-wire twisted wire
FIG. 4 is a connection diagram showing one (series primary winding, two-output secondary winding).

FIG. 13: 1 of winding wire connection method by 4-wire twisted wire
FIG. 3 is a connection diagram showing one (parallel primary winding, two-output secondary winding).

[Fig. 14] 1 of winding wire connection method using 4-wire twisted wire
FIG. 3 is a connection diagram showing one (series primary winding, parallel secondary winding).

FIG. 15: 1 of winding wire connection method by 4-wire twisted wire
FIG. 3 is a connection diagram showing one (parallel primary winding, series secondary winding).

FIG. 16 is a structural diagram of a twisted thin voltage converter according to the present invention provided with a ring-shaped magnetic body, that is, a fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Winding 2 Primary winding 3 Secondary winding 4 Primary winding terminal (outer) 5 Primary winding terminal (inner) 6 Secondary winding terminal (outer) 7 Secondary winding terminal (Inner) 8 Insulator of primary winding 9 Insulator of secondary winding 14 Electric wire 15 Electric wire 16 Electric wire 35 Inner ring magnetic material 18 Outer ring magnetic material

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Reihiko Kanada 7-1-1 Omika-cho, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Ltd. Hitachi Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Hideaki Horie 7-mika-omika, Hitachi, Ibaraki 1-chome 1-1 Hitachi Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd. (72) Inventor Shuya Hagiwara 7-1-1 Omika-cho, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Ltd. Hitachi Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Saito Choko Tokyo 778-12 Yamada, Itsukaichi-cho, Nishitama-gun

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A twisted wire formed by twisting a plurality of conductors insulated from each other is wound in a spiral shape, at least one of the plurality of wires is used as a primary winding, and the remaining wire is 2 A twisted thin voltage converter characterized by being used as a secondary winding. 2. The twisted thin voltage converter according to claim 1, wherein the twisted wire is connected such that the primary windings and secondary windings adjacent to each other of the wound electric wire have substantially equal current directions. How to use twisted thin voltage converter. 3. The twist according to claim 2, wherein either the serial connection or the parallel connection is selected for each of the primary winding and the secondary winding so as to be independent, in order to obtain a winding ratio of a desired integer ratio. How to use a thin voltage converter. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the selected one primary winding remains alone, a plurality of primary windings are connected in series, and the selected remaining secondary windings are independent of each other. Done 2
A method of using a twist thin voltage converter characterized by being used as a secondary winding. 5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the selected plurality of primary windings are connected in parallel, and the selected remaining secondary windings are used as independent secondary windings. How to use twist thin voltage converter. 6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the selected one primary winding remains independent, the plurality of primary windings are connected in series, and the selected remaining plurality of secondary windings are connected. A method of using a twisted thin voltage conversion device, which is characterized by connecting in series. 7. The twisted thin voltage according to claim 3, wherein the selected plurality of primary windings are connected in parallel, and the selected remaining plurality of secondary windings are connected in series. How to use the converter. 8. The method according to claim 3, wherein the selected one primary winding remains independent, a plurality of primary windings are connected in series, and the selected remaining plurality of secondary windings are connected. A method of using a twisted thin voltage converter characterized by being connected in parallel. 9. A twisted electric wire formed by twisting a plurality of conductors insulated from each other is wound in a spiral shape, and a ring-shaped magnetic body is arranged on at least one of an inner side and an outer side of the winding. At least one of the above is used as a primary winding, and the remaining electric wire is used as a secondary winding. 10. The twisted thin voltage converter according to claim 9, wherein the twisted twisted electric wires are connected so that the adjacent primary windings or secondary windings adjacent to each other have substantially equal current directions. How to use twisted thin voltage converter. 11. The twist according to claim 10, wherein either the series connection or the parallel connection is selected for each of the primary winding and the secondary winding so as to be independent, in order to obtain a winding ratio of a desired integer ratio. How to use a thin voltage converter.