JPH0614943Y2 - Long material welding jig - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial field of application The present invention is intended to perform temporary tack welding of a plurality of long materials at a plurality of points separated in the longitudinal direction, and to perform continuous book welding in the longitudinal direction. The present invention relates to a welding jig for fixing a material.

2. Description of the Related Art It is widely practiced to weld a plurality of long materials along a longitudinal direction to form one long product. In this case, it is usual to fix a plurality of long materials in a predetermined relative positional relationship, perform temporary tack welding at a plurality of points separated in the longitudinal direction, and then perform continuous main welding in the longitudinal direction. is there.

For example, the frame of a freight car, as shown in FIG.
In many cases, a pair of left and right main girders 10 are connected in a ladder shape by a plurality of cross members 12.
As shown in FIG. 10, an outer channel 14 having a U-shaped cross section and an inner channel 16 having a U-shaped cross section are also provided.
It is generally practiced to fit the two with their openings facing each other and to join them by fillet welding with a welding torch 18 to form a square cross section. It is unavoidable that welding distortion occurs, which is curved as shown by the chain double-dashed line in the figure. For this reason, it is usual that the semi-finished product after the tack welding is subjected to the main welding in a state where the reverse warp as shown by the broken line in FIG. 9 is given.

In this case, the outer channel 14 and the inner channel 16 are press-worked products, and there is some distortion in both the longitudinal shape and the cross-sectional shape. Perform temporary tack welding in a state where it is fixed at the proper relative position by clamping at multiple points separated in the direction, and then
It is necessary to give a reverse warp and to carry out main welding. Therefore, both a temporary welding jig and a permanent welding jig have been conventionally provided. The temporary welding jig has a plurality of side clamps for clamping the outer channel 14 from the direction indicated by the arrow X and upper and lower clampers for clamping the outer channel 14 in the direction indicated by the arrow Y in FIG. This welding jig is equipped with at least three sets of upper and lower clampers for clamping the semi-finished product after tack welding from the direction shown by the arrow Y in FIG. 10, and gives the semi-finished product a reverse warp. It is fixed in the closed state.

Such temporary welding jigs and permanent welding jigs are generally used other than when manufacturing the main girder of the frame of a truck.

However, if the temporary welding jig and the main welding jig are separately provided in this way, the manufacturing cost of the equipment is increased and the space required for the installation is increased. There is a problem that the manufacturing cost of the product becomes high. In particular,
This problem becomes an important issue when manufacturing relatively small length products.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention was made to solve the above problems by providing a welding jig that can be used for both temporary welding and permanent welding. The gist of the present invention is that a welding jig is provided with (a) a clamp type pair for clamping an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of a long material, and one clamp die is used by a clamper moving device in the longitudinal direction of the long material. An intermediate clamper that is moved by a predetermined distance in a direction substantially orthogonal to, and the other clamp die approaches and separates from one clamp die in a direction substantially parallel to the movement direction of the clamper moving device, b) A pair of clamp dies for respectively clamping both ends of the long material in the longitudinal direction are clamped, one clamp dies is fixed in position, and the other clamp dies is attached to the one clamp dies in the moving direction of the clamper moving device. Two sets of end clampers that approach and separate in a substantially parallel direction and that allow rotation of the long material in a plane parallel to the moving direction of the clamper moving device and the longitudinal direction of the long material; )
A clamp die pair for clamping the long material is provided between the intermediate clamper and each of the two end clampers, and the clamp die of each clamp die pair approaches each other in a direction substantially parallel to the moving direction of the clamper moving device.・ Long material is clamped by at least one set of temporary clamps, (d) intermediate clamper, two sets of end clampers, and two or more sets of temporary clamps that are separated from each other, and a clamper moving device Is in a non-acting position for keeping the long member in an inelastically deformed state, and a second state is in which the clamp for exclusive use of temporary attachment is opened and the clamper moving device is in the working position for elastically deforming the long member. A control device that can switch between the state and the state is included.

In the welding jig configured as described above, the control device is in the first state, and the plurality of long members are clamped by the intermediate clamper, two sets of end clampers, and two or more sets of temporary mounting clampers, In addition, temporary welding is performed on the long material while the clamper moving device keeps the long material in the inelastically deformed state. After the temporary welding is completed, the control device is switched to the second state, the temporary clamper is opened, and the clamper moving device is set to the operating position for elastically deforming the long member, so that the long member Book welding is performed on the material.

Effect of the Invention In other words, it is possible to perform temporary welding and permanent welding with one welding jig. Compare this with the case where the temporary welding jig and the permanent welding jig are provided separately. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the equipment will be reduced and the installation space will be halved. Further, it is not necessary to remove the semi-finished product after the temporary attachment from the temporary attachment welding jig and to set it again in the main attachment welding jig, which has an effect of reducing the number of steps.

Furthermore, in the long material welding jig of the present invention, the long material is supported by the end clampers at both ends thereof, and the clamper moving device attached to the intermediate clamper is brought into the working position. It is possible to give a warp to a long material, and the structure for giving a warp becomes simple, and the effect of reducing the equipment cost can be obtained from this point as well.

Also, the intermediate clamper is fixed, and the clamper moving device is 2
Compared to the case where each of the end clampers of the set is provided, the number of necessary clamper moving devices can be reduced, and further, the device cost can be reduced and the control can be simplified. .

Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a welding jig for welding a main girder of a frame of a truck is described in detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the welding jig of this embodiment has a base 20.
It has 11 sets of clamp units 22 arranged in a line above. Each clamp unit 22 is mounted on the base 20 via a first support base 24 and a second support base 26, and generally, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the outer channel 14 and the inner channel 16 are mounted. Side clamper 28 that clamps from the horizontal direction
And the upper and lower clampers 30 that are clamped from above and below are provided, but only two sets indicated by the reference numeral 22a are not provided with the side clampers 28 and are provided with only the upper and lower clampers 30. In addition, several clamp units 22 shown on the left and right in FIG.
1, the positions of the channels 14 and 16 in the longitudinal direction are changed in accordance with the movement of the slide 31 so that the channels having different lengths can be clamped.

The side clamper 28 is as shown in FIG.
A pair of side clamp molds 32 are provided. Each of the side clamp dies 32 is fixed to one end of a rotating arm 34, and the pair of side clamp dies 32 are opposed to each other by attaching the rotating arm 34 to a bracket 38 by a shaft 36. Further, a hydraulic cylinder 40 is attached between the ends of the pair of rotating arms 34 on the side opposite to the side where the side clamp die 32 is fixed, and the rotating arms 34 rotate when the piston rod 42 expands and contracts. The pair of side clamp dies 32 are moved to move close to and away from each other. The stopper 44 defines the rotation limit of each rotation arm 34 in the direction in which the side clamp mold 32 is approached. Each stopper 44 is composed of an adjusting screw 46 and a lock nut 48 which are screwed into the bracket 38, and the clamping position of the side clamp die 32 can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting screw 46.

On the other hand, the upper and lower clamps 30 include a lower clamp die 50 and an upper clamp die 52. The lower clamp die 50 is fixed to the bracket 38, while the upper clamp die 52 is fixed to one end of the rotating arm 54. There is. The intermediate portion of the rotating arm 54 is connected to the bracket 58 by a link 56, and the end portion on the side opposite to the side where the upper clamp die 52 is fixed is connected to the piston rod 62 of the hydraulic cylinder 60. . The hydraulic cylinder 60 is attached to an auxiliary bracket 64 fixed to a bracket 58 so as to be rotatable around a shaft 66, and the extension and contraction of the piston rod 62 causes the pivot arm 54 and the link 56 to pivot, so that the upper clamp die 52 is clamped. Is moved to a clamp position shown by a solid line and a retracted position shown by a chain double-dashed line. The upper clamp die 52 moves vertically in the vicinity of the clamp position, and in the end, in the vicinity of the clamp position, the approaching / separating direction of the upper and lower clamp dies 50, 52 and the approaching / separating direction of the two side clamp dies 32. And are orthogonal to each other. The rotating arm 34 and the hydraulic cylinder 4
0 and the like are covered by the cover 68, and the rotating arm 54, the link 56, the hydraulic cylinder 60, etc. are covered by the cover 69, and spatters generated during welding are prevented from adhering to the movable part as much as possible. .

As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 4, the side clamp die 32 is designed to contact the outer channel 14 on the clamp surface 70, and the side surface 72 below the clamp surface 70 is further away from the outer channel 14 as it goes downward. Thus, the spatter is prevented from adhering and accumulating. In addition, the upper surface 74 is also the outer channel 14.
It is inclined so that it descends as it moves away from it, and is covered with a cover 76 to prevent spatter adhesion. Further, a recess 78 shown in FIG. 5 is formed on the upper ends of the side clamp mold 32 and the cover 76. The recess 78 is formed at the central position in the longitudinal direction of the side clamp die 32 and the cover 76, that is, in the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the outer channel 14, and the welding torch 18 works at the position where the temporary attachment portion 80 should be formed. The side clamp die 32 and the cover 76 are prevented from being welded to the outer channel 14 by molten metal that may hang down from the temporary attachment portion 80.

Further, as is apparent from FIG. 4, the widths of the lower clamp die 50 and the upper clamp die 52 are made smaller than the widths of the outer channel 14 and the inner channel 16 by a certain dimension, respectively, to prevent spatter from adhering to them. In addition, wide grooves 86 and 88 are respectively formed in the central portions in the width direction of the clamp surfaces 82 and 84, so that the clamp surfaces 82 and 84 have the minimum necessary size. 52 and both channels 14, 16
Spatter is caught between and both channels 14, 1
The positioning accuracy of 6 is prevented from being deteriorated as much as possible.

As is apparent from FIG. 1, the first support base 24b, which supports the clamp unit 22b that clamps substantially central portions of the channels 14 and 16 in the longitudinal direction, can be moved up and down by the hydraulic cylinder 100. . This ascending / descending is guided by the fitting of the guide rod 102 and the guide cylinder 104, and the ascending / descending limit is defined by the relative movement limit of the guide rod 102 with respect to the guide cylinder 104. Guide rod 10
2 and the guide cylinder 104 are respectively provided with stoppers (not shown), and the abutment of these stoppers regulates the lifting limit of the clamp unit 22b. When the main welding jig is used as a temporary welding jig, the first support base 24b and the clamp unit 22b are used.
Is in the descending position indicated by the solid line, and is moved to the ascending position when it is used as a welding jig with a book, as shown by the chain double-dashed line in the semi-finished product 106 after tack welding. However, the amount of reverse warp is regulated by the stopper, and the amount of reverse warp can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the stopper. ing. In this embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 100, the guide rod 102, the guide cylinder 104, etc. constitute a clamper moving device.

The clamp unit 22c that clamps the rear ends of the channels 14 and 16, that is, the right end in FIG. 1, allows the channels 14 and 16 to rotate. As shown in FIG. 6, the clamp surfaces 82c and 84c of the lower clamp die 50c and the upper clamp die 52c are partial cylindrical convex surfaces that are convex in the directions opposite to each other, and thus the semi-finished product 106 has the above-described reverse reaction. When the grip is applied, the rear end of the semi-finished product 106 is allowed to rotate by a small angle as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG.

The clamp unit 22d for clamping the front end portions of the channels 14 and 16 also has a lower clamp type 5 as shown in FIG.
0d, clamp surfaces 82d and 84d of the upper clamp die 52d
Are formed as partially cylindrical convex surfaces to allow rotation of the front end when the semi-finished product 106 is given a warp. Further, the longitudinal positioning member 120 and the spacer are provided on the front end side. And 122 are provided. When the outer channel 14 is set in the main welding jig, the longitudinal direction positioning member 120 contacts the front end of the longitudinal channel positioning member 120 to perform longitudinal positioning, and the spacer 122 defines the outer channel 14 and the inner channel 16. It is inserted between them to define a regular interval between them.
An appropriate number of spacers 124 as shown in FIG. 10 are fixed to the inner surface of the inner channel 16 at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction. By contacting the spacers 124 with the inner surface of the outer channel 14, the outer channel The distance between the inner channel 16 and the inner channel 16 is regulated.
4 is not provided, and instead the spacer 122 is adapted to be fitted between both channels 14 and 16. One end of the spacer 122 is inserted into a vertical groove 126 formed at the tip of the longitudinal positioning member 120, and is rotatably connected to the longitudinal positioning member 120 by a pin 128. The pin hole 130 on the longitudinal positioning member 120 side is a long hole that is long in the vertical direction, and the spacer 122 can also rotate as the front end of the semi-finished product 106 rotates as indicated by the chain double-dashed line. Is being done.

As shown in FIG. 1, the longitudinal positioning member 120 is rotatably attached to a slide 134 that slides on a guide rod 132 by a shaft 136, and the longitudinal positioning member 120 has an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction. An adjustment bolt (not shown) is attached to the part,
The tip of the adjusting bolt abuts on the slide 134 so that the longitudinal positioning member 120 is prevented from rotating, and the height of the free end of the longitudinal positioning member 120 can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting bolt. Has become. Further, the slide 134 is adapted to be moved along the guide rod 132 by the hydraulic cylinder 138. With the movement of the slide 134, the longitudinal positioning member 120 is brought into contact with the front end of the outer channel 14, and an operating position. It can be moved to a retracted position where it does not contact.

The present welding jig is provided with a control device (not shown), and the control device includes a hydraulic cylinder 40 for moving the side clamp die 32 closer and further away, a hydraulic cylinder 60 for moving the upper clamp die 52, and a hydraulic cylinder 100 for moving the clamp unit 22b up and down. , Hydraulic cylinder 1 for moving slide 134
It is provided with an operation panel which is connected to each solenoid valve for controlling the operation of 38 and the like and operated by an operator.

Therefore, these hydraulic cylinders 40, 60, 100,
138 is controlled by the control device according to the operation of the control panel by the operator.

Next, the operation of the main welding jig will be described.

First, when the main welding jig is opened, that is, the pair of side clamp dies 32 are separated from each other, and the upper clamp die 52 is in the retracted position, the outer channel 14 is attached and removed (not shown). It is placed on the lower clamp mold 50 by an external device. At this time, the longitudinal positioning member 120 is in the working position, and the outer channel 1
The front end of 4 is brought into contact with the longitudinal positioning member 120 for longitudinal positioning. Further, the spacer 122 is placed on the front end portion of the outer channel 14, and the inner channel 16 is supplied to be combined with the outer channel 14.

Thereafter, the hydraulic cylinder 40 is operated to move the pair of side clamp molds 32 to the clamp position, and the hydraulic cylinder 60 is operated to move the upper clamp mold 52 to the clamp position as well. The channel 16 is positioned at the proper position as shown in FIG. 4, and the outer channel 1
The gap between 4 and the inner channel 16 is eliminated.
In that state, as shown in FIG. 5, the welding torch 18 is used to form the recess 78 of the side clamp mold 32 and the cover 76.
The temporary attachment portion 80 is formed at a position supported by. In this way, since the temporary attachment portion 80 is formed at an accurate position supported by the recess 78, it is possible to obtain the effect of reducing the shape and dimension error of the product after the main attachment welding. If the formation position of the temporary tacking portion 80 changes, the situation of strain generation at the time of main welding changes and the shape dimension error of the main girder 10, which is the product, increases, but the temporary tacking portion 80 is always formed at a constant position. Then, it is possible to accurately set the amount of reverse warpage suitable for minimizing such a shape dimension error.

Further, as described above, the upper surface of the side clamp die 32 is inclined, and moreover, the side clamp die 32 and the upper and lower clamp dies 50, 52 are in contact with the channels 14, 16 at the minimum necessary clamping surfaces. Therefore, these clamp dies are less likely to interfere with tack welding, and the spatter generated during welding can be well avoided.

When the formation of all the temporary attachment parts 80 is completed, the channels 14 and 16 as the long material become the semi-finished product 106. The clamp unit 22b that clamps the central part and both ends of the semi-finished product 106. , 22c and 22d
The other upper and lower clampers 30 and side clampers 28 are all opened according to the operation of the operation panel by the operator, the hydraulic cylinder 100 is operated, and the clamp unit 22b in the central portion is moved by a predetermined amount. The semi-finished product 106 is raised, and the semi-finished product 106 is given a warp as shown by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. In this state, the welding torch 18 performs continuous main welding over the entire length of the semi-finished product 106, and after the main welding is completed, the clamp unit 22b is lowered, and the clamp units 22b, 22c and 22d.
The upper and lower clampers 30 of the
34 is retracted, the spacer 122 is pulled out from the main girder 10 as a product, and the main girder 10 is removed from the main welding jig by a mounting / removing device (not shown).

As described above, according to the main welding jig, the temporary welding and the main welding can be performed using the same jig, and the facility manufacturing cost and the installation space can be reduced, and the temporary welding can be performed. The semi-finished product does not need to be detached and attached between the attachment welding process and the main attachment process, and the effect of reducing the number of welding steps can be obtained.

As is clear from the above description, in this embodiment,
The clamp unit 22b serves as an intermediate clamper and the clamp unit 22c. 22d constitutes an end clamper, and the clamp units 22 and 22a constitute temporary clampers.

In the present embodiment, the clamp surfaces 8 of the upper and lower clamp molds 52 and 50 for clamping both ends of the semi-finished product 106.
Semi-finished product 1 by making 4,82 partly cylindrical convex
The upper and lower clamp molds are used as the rotating arm 54 and the bracket 38.
A similar purpose can also be achieved by pivotally mounting with respect to. Also, the configuration of the clamp unit should be appropriately changed according to the number and shape of the long materials to be welded, and the clamper moving device for moving the clamper of the central clamp unit is also the one of the above embodiment. It is not limited to.

In addition, although not exemplarily illustrated, it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented in various modified and improved modes based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing a main girder welding jig which is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view representatively showing one of the clamp units in the welding jig, and FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a part of the clamp unit removed. FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view showing a clamp die in the clamp unit, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a part thereof. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view schematically showing the upper and lower clamp types of the right end clamp unit in FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the periphery of the left end clamp unit. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a frame of a truck including a main girder welded by the apparatus of the above embodiment. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the strain generated during welding of the main girder and the reverse warpage given to remove the strain. First
FIG. 0 is a cross-sectional view of the main girder. 10: Main girder 14: Outer channel 16: Inner channel 22, 22a, 22b, 22c: Clamp unit 24, 24b: First support 28: Side clamper, 30: Upper and lower clamper 32: Side clamp type 34: Rotating arm, 40: Hydraulic cylinder 50, 50c, 50d: Lower clamp type 52, 52c, 52d: Upper clamp type 54: Rotating arm, 60: Hydraulic cylinder 70: Clamping surface, 80: Temporary attaching portion 82, 82c, 82d: Clamping surface 84, 84c, 84d: Clamping surface 100: Hydraulic cylinder, 102: Guide rod 104: Guide cylinder, 106: Semi-finished product

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A jig used for temporary welding of a plurality of long materials at a plurality of points separated in the longitudinal direction, and subsequently for final welding along the longitudinal direction. A pair of clamp dies for clamping the longitudinal middle portion of the material is provided, and one clamp die is moved by a clamper moving device in a direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the long material by a predetermined distance, and the other clamp is clamped. An intermediate clamper in which a mold approaches and separates from one of the clamp molds in a direction substantially parallel to the moving direction of the clamper moving device, and a clamp mold pair that clamps both ends of the long member in the longitudinal direction. One clamp die is fixed in position, the other clamp die approaches and separates from the one clamp die in a direction substantially parallel to the moving direction of the clamper moving device, and Two sets of end clampers that allow rotation of the long material in a plane parallel to the moving direction of the damper moving device and the longitudinal direction of the long material, and each of the intermediate clamper and the two end clampers. A pair of clamp dies for clamping the long material between the clamp dies, and the clamp dies of each clamp die pair approach and separate in a direction substantially parallel to the moving direction of the clamper moving device. A dedicated clamper; the intermediate clamper; the two sets of end clampers;
A first state in which the long material is clamped by more than one set of temporary clamps and the clamper moving device is in a non-acting position for keeping the long material in an inelastically deformed state, and the temporary clamp is provided. A controller for switching the clamper moving device to a second state in which the clamper moving device is in an open state and in an operating position where the elongated member is bent by elastic deformation.