JPH0614028B2 - Ultrasonic flaw detector measurement range selection device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention relates to an ultrasonic flaw detector, which displays a measurement range of an object to be inspected on a display unit and selects a specific area within the measurement range with a cursor. The present invention relates to a measuring range selection device for a flaw detector.

[Conventional technology]

The ultrasonic flaw detector is well known as an apparatus for inspecting the presence or absence of a flaw inside an object without destroying the object. This ultrasonic flaw detector will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a conventional ultrasonic flaw detector. In the figure, 1 indicates an object to be inspected and 1f indicates a defect existing in the object to be inspected 1. Reference numeral 2 denotes an ultrasonic probe that radiates ultrasonic waves into the inspection object 1 and outputs an electric signal proportional to the reflected ultrasonic waves. An ultrasonic flaw detector 3 outputs an ultrasonic wave generation pulse to the ultrasonic probe 2, receives a signal from the ultrasonic probe 2, and displays the waveform of this signal.

The ultrasonic flaw detector 3 is composed of the following elements. That is,
Reference numeral 4 is a synchronizing circuit for generating a signal voltage for timely controlling the operation of the ultrasonic flaw detector 3, and 5 is a transmitter for outputting a pulse for generating ultrasonic waves to the ultrasonic probe 2 in response to a signal from the synchronizing circuit 4. Is. Reference numeral 6'denotes a receiving unit for receiving a signal from the ultrasonic probe 2, and is composed of an attenuation circuit 6a composed of a combination of voltage dividers composed of resistors, and an amplification circuit 6b '. Reference numeral 7 is a detector circuit for rectifying the signal from the amplifier circuit 6b ', and 8 is a vertical axis amplifier circuit.

Reference numeral 9 is a sweep circuit for generating a triangular wave by the synchronizing signal from the synchronizing circuit 4, and 10 is an amplifier circuit for amplifying the triangular wave signal of the sweep circuit 9. Reference numeral 11 is a display unit for displaying a signal waveform from the ultrasonic probe 2, the horizontal axis is a time axis determined by the triangular wave output from the amplifier circuit 10, and the vertical axis is output from the vertical axis amplifier circuit 8. It is regarded as the size of the signal. Display 11
A cathode ray tube is used as a display, and a scale is displayed on its surface. A measurement range setting unit 12 sets a range (measurement range) to be inspected from the surface of the inspected object 1. Reference numeral 13 denotes a delay time setting unit that adds a delay time to the sweep start signal and moves the position of the waveform displayed on the display unit 11 in parallel.

Next, an outline of the operation of the conventional ultrasonic flaw detector will be described. When a pulse is output from the transmitter 5 by the signal voltage from the synchronizing circuit 4, the ultrasonic probe 2 is excited by this pulse and radiates ultrasonic waves to the inspected object 1. Part of the emitted ultrasonic waves immediately returns to the ultrasonic probe 2 from the surface of the inspected object 1, and the other propagates in the inspected object 1.
It reaches the bottom of the object to be inspected 1, is reflected here, and returns to the ultrasonic probe 2. On the other hand, if the defect 1f exists in the inspected object 1, the ultrasonic waves are reflected also at the defect 1f and return to the ultrasonic probe 2. The ultrasonic waves returned to the ultrasonic probe 2 excite the ultrasonic probe 2 in proportion to its size, and the ultrasonic probe 2 outputs an electric signal corresponding thereto.

This signal is input to the attenuation circuit 6a, adjusted to a size suitable for processing, and input to the detection circuit 7 via the amplification circuit 6b '. The detection circuit 7 rectifies the input signal in order to direct the display on the display unit 11 to make a one-sided swing instruction. At this time, the noise component mixed in the signal is also removed. The output signal of the detection circuit 7 is input to the display unit 11 via the vertical axis amplification circuit 8 and its magnitude is shown on the vertical axis of the display unit 11. On the other hand, the sweep circuit 9 generates a triangular wave voltage by the synchronizing signal of the synchronizing circuit 4, and this voltage is applied to the deflection electrode of the display unit 11 (cathode ray tube) via the amplifier circuit 10 to sweep the electron beam. By this sweep and the input signal from the vertical axis amplifier circuit 8,
The waveform of the reflected wave returned to the ultrasonic probe 2 is displayed on the display unit 11.

In flaw detection using such an ultrasonic flaw detector 3, the waveform of the reflected wave displayed on the display unit 11 changes depending on the contact state between the inspected object 1 and the ultrasonic probe 2. In order to avoid this, the water immersion method is usually adopted. First
FIG. 5 is a sectional view for explaining the water immersion method. In the figure, 1 is an object to be inspected, 1f is a defect, 2 is an ultrasonic probe, and these are the same as those shown in FIG. 15 is an aquarium,
Reference numeral 16 denotes water in the water tank 15. The inspected object 1 is a water tank 15.
The ultrasonic probe 2 is made to face the inspected object 1 with the water 16 in between. The ultrasonic waves from the ultrasonic probe 2 enter the inspected object 1 through the water 16, and the reflected waves from each part of the inspected object 1 are input into the ultrasonic probe 2 through the water 16. A stable waveform is displayed on the display unit 11.

FIG. 16 is a waveform diagram of the displayed reflected wave. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the magnitude of the reflected wave. T is a transmitted reflected wave immediately reflected when an ultrasonic wave is transmitted from the ultrasonic probe 2, S is a reflected wave from the surface of the inspected object 1,
F reflected wave from the defect 1f, B is reflected waves from the bottom surface of the inspected object 1, B _s is the reflected wave from the bottom of the tank 15. Since the sound velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the object 1 to be inspected is constant, the horizontal axis (time axis) represents the distance,
From this waveform diagram, the position of the defect 1f is found.

By the way, generally, when inspecting the inspection object 1, it is not always necessary to inspect the entire surface from the top surface to the bottom surface.
The display unit 1 displays a certain depth range (measurement range) in the inspected object 1.
In many cases, it is sufficient to display the number 1 and inspect this range. In this case, the coarse adjustment knob and the fine adjustment knob of the measurement range setting unit 12 are operated to expand or reduce the waveform, or
By operating the knob of the delay time setting unit 13 to move the waveform, the desired measurement range in the waveform diagram shown in FIG. 16 is displayed on the display unit 11. In addition, it is often necessary to carefully observe a specific area within the displayed measurement range. In this case, two lines are drawn on the surface of the cathode ray tube of the display unit 11 so as to sandwich the region so that the region of the waveform displayed on the display unit 11 is clear, or Two cursors that move to the left and right are provided along the surface of the cathode ray tube, and the area is sandwiched by these two cursors. This allows the inspector to carefully and easily observe the area to be inspected, reduce the time and labor required for the inspection, and perform a more accurate inspection.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

In the above-mentioned conventional example, in order to clarify the region, a line is drawn on the cathode ray tube surface as described above, or the cursor is moved on the cathode ray tube surface, but the former means is extremely troublesome. In the latter method, the cursor is displayed on the display unit 1.
It is not preferable because it projects to the surface of 1. Moreover, the position of the region is not always clear, and particularly when the surface reflected wave S and the bottom reflected wave B do not appear in the measurement range displayed on the display unit 11, not only the position of the region but also the position of the defect 1f. I cannot know exactly.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to display the cursor itself on the display unit without drawing a cursor or using a mechanical cursor. An object of the present invention is to provide a measuring range selection device for an ultrasonic flaw detector, which can easily and accurately select a desired region inside.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a transmitter that outputs a predetermined pulse to an ultrasonic probe, a receiver that receives a signal from the ultrasonic probe, and a receiver that receives the signal. In the ultrasonic flaw detector having a display section for displaying the waveform of the signal based on the signal, a waveform memory is provided, and the input signal received by the receiving section is stored in the waveform memory at a predetermined sampling cycle. In addition to the waveform memory, a display memory for storing data to be displayed on the display unit is provided separately from the waveform memory, and the address of the waveform memory is selected according to the measurement range to be displayed on the display unit. Corresponding to the address, the data stored in the selected waveform memory address is transferred to the corresponding display memory address, and further, the area to be selected is designated from the cursor input section. 2 When the cursor position is instructed,
The addresses of the display memory corresponding to these two cursor positions are calculated, the data of the calculated addresses is changed to cursor display data, and the data is taken out from each address of the display memory and displayed on the display section. Is characterized by.

[Action]

The reflected wave of the ultrasonic wave from the inspected object returns to the ultrasonic probe, and the ultrasonic probe outputs a signal corresponding to the reflected wave. The receiving unit receives this signal, and the output signal from the receiving unit is sequentially stored in the waveform memory at a predetermined sampling period. In this state, the address of the waveform memory in the measurement range to be displayed is selected by a predetermined means to be associated with the address of the display memory, and the data is input to the corresponding address of the display memory. Also, when the cursor input section instructs the cursor display position,
The address of the display memory corresponding to the position is calculated to determine the address, and the data for cursor display is stored at the determined address. The data stored in each address of the display memory is displayed on the display unit by the display control means, and the cursor is displayed at a predetermined position along with the waveform.

[Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on illustrated examples.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an ultrasonic flaw detector according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those shown in FIG. 14 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In the ultrasonic flaw detector, there are a case where the reflected wave is detected and displayed and a case where the reflected wave is not detected and displayed, but the present invention can be applied in any case. Therefore, in the following, the amplifier 6b 'of FIG.
An embodiment in which the receiving unit 6 is configured by using the combination of the detection circuit 7 and the detection circuit 7 as the amplification circuit 6b and detection is performed will be described. Two
Reference numeral 1 denotes the ultrasonic flaw detector of this embodiment. The ultrasonic flaw detector 21 is composed of the following elements. That is, 22 is an A / D converter that converts the output signal of the receiver 6 into a digital value, 23 is a waveform memory that stores the value converted by the A / D converter 22, and 24 is each address of the waveform memory 23. It is an address counter that is specified in order. Reference numeral 25 denotes a timing circuit, which gives a start signal to the transmitter 5, the A / D converter 22, and the address counter 24, respectively. A crystal oscillator is used for oscillation of the timing circuit 25.

Reference numeral 26 is a CPU (central processing unit) for performing required arithmetic operations and control, 27 is a RAM (random access memory) for temporarily storing parameters and data for arithmetic operations, 28
Is a ROM (read only memory) that stores the processing procedure of the CPU 26. Reference numeral 29 is a measurement range setting unit for inputting a desired measurement range, and 30 is a keyboard input unit for inputting a speed (sound velocity) of ultrasonic waves propagating in the object 1 to be inspected and other values. Reference numeral 31 is a liquid crystal display unit, 32 is a liquid crystal display unit 3 based on data obtained as a result of calculation and control by the CPU 26.
2 is a display unit controller that controls the display of No. 1. 32m
Is a display memory provided in the display controller 32, and the display memory 32m stores data to be displayed on the liquid crystal display 31. The number of addresses in the display memory 32m is the same as the number of liquid crystal dots arranged in the horizontal direction in the liquid crystal display unit 31. An origin setting unit 33 is used to set an origin for determining the position within the inspected object 1. This origin setting unit will be described later with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 34 denotes a cursor start point setting unit that determines the start point position of the cursor when the cursor is displayed on the display unit, and 35 denotes a cursor width setting unit that indicates the width of the cursor.

FIG. 2 is a layout view of the key switches in the origin setting section shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the key switches of the origin setting unit 30 are ten numeric key switches 30a from 0 to 9 and the origin key switch 30 with the indication of "origin".
b and a set key switch 30c having a "set" display. The origin key switch 30b has a function of activating a processing operation for obtaining the origin position, and the set key switch 30c has a function of outputting an input end signal.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. First, the operation of storing data in the waveform memory 23 will be described with reference to the waveform diagram of the reflected wave shown in FIG. 3 and the block diagram of the waveform memory 23 shown in FIG. When a trigger signal is output from the timing circuit 25 to the transmitter 5, the transmitter 5 causes the ultrasonic probe 2 to operate.
Pulse is output to the ultrasonic probe 2, and the ultrasonic wave is radiated from the ultrasonic probe 2 into the inspected object 1. The reflected wave of this ultrasonic wave is converted into an electric signal by the ultrasonic probe 2, and this signal is received by the receiving unit 6.
Will be received at. The receiving unit 6 outputs the received reflected wave signal as a value suitable for the subsequent processing. The output reflected wave signal is output from the A / D converter 2 at a predetermined sampling cycle.
In 2, the converted value is converted into a digital value, and the converted value is sequentially stored in the waveform memory 23. This storage is performed by the address counter 24 sequentially designating the addresses of the waveform memory 23. The timing circuit 2 is used for sampling the reflected wave signal and for addressing the waveform memory 23.
It is executed by the start signal output from the device 5. The sampling of such a reflected wave signal and the storage of the digital value in the waveform memory 23 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of the reflected wave signal. In the figure, T and F in which the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the magnitude (voltage) of the reflected wave signal indicate the same reflected wave as that shown in FIG. Incidentally, in FIG. 3, only the horizontal axis is drawn in an extremely enlarged manner. Next, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the contents of the waveform memory 23. Each block shown in a column is the waveform memory 23.
Means the data accommodating part in, and D ₍₀₎ , D ₍₁₎ , ... D _(n-1) , D _(n) , D _{(n + 1)} ... described in each accommodating part A /
This is the data of the reflected wave signal converted into a digital value by the D conversion unit 22. These data are represented by D _(i) as a general form. Further, the symbols A _{M (0)} , A written on the left side of each accommodation unit
_{M (1)} , ... A _{M (n-1)} , A _{M (n)} , A _{M (n + 1),} ... Represent the address of the corresponding accommodation unit. These addresses are represented by A _{M (i)} as a general form.

Now, at the time t ₀ shown in FIG. 3, the timing circuit 2
When a start signal is output from A to D / A converter 22 and address counter 24, A / D converter 22 A / D converts the voltage of reflected wave T at that time to obtain data D ₍₀₎ . . Further, the address counter 24 designates the address A _{M (0)} of the waveform memory 23. As a result, the data D ₍₀₎ is stored in the address A _{M (0)} of the waveform memory 23. Next, at time t ₁ after the time τ _{S has} elapsed, when the start signal is again output from the timing circuit 25 to the A / D conversion unit 22 and the address counter 24, the voltage of the reflected wave T at that time is also A / D. The conversion unit 22 converts the data to obtain the data D ₍₁₎ , and the address counter 24 displays the next address A.
_{Since M (1)} is specified, the address A of the waveform memory 23
_The data D ₍₁₎ is stored in _{M (1)} . In this case, the time τ _S becomes the sampling time (for example, 50 ns).
Thereafter, the data of the reflected waves T, S, F, B _S, ... Are similarly stored in the waveform memory 23.

The operation of storing the reflected wave data in the waveform memory 23 has been described above. Next, the origin is set by the origin setting unit 33. This origin setting operation will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 5 and the displayed waveform diagrams shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b). When setting the origin, first, the origin key switch 30b of the origin setting unit 30 is pressed.
The CPU 26 always determines whether or not the origin key switch 30b has been pressed (procedure P ₁ shown in FIG. 5), and performs the origin setting process by determining that the origin key switch 30b has been pressed. That is, first, based on the data stored in the waveform memory 23, the reflected wave T, searches F, B, the peak value of B _S, obtains the address that stores the peak value (Step P ₂ ).

Next, the respective reflection waveforms T, S, F, B, B _S are displayed on the liquid crystal display unit 3
No. 1 is displayed (procedure P ₃ ). The outline of this display will be described. The liquid crystal display unit 31 has a certain number of liquid crystal dots arranged in the horizontal direction, and the display unit controller 32
As described above, the display memory 32m having the same number of addresses as the array is provided. Now, assuming that the number of liquid crystal dot arrays is 200, the number of addresses {expressed by A _{L (j)} } in the display memory 32m is 200 from address A _{L ( 0)} to address A _{L (199).} Becomes On the other hand, among the addresses _{AM (i)} of the waveform memory 23, the reflected waves T, S, F,
For example, the number of addresses in which B and B _S are stored is 1
000. On the other hand, since the number of display memories is 200, it is necessary to thin out the data to be displayed in order to display the entire area. Therefore, of the above 1000 addresses {addresses A _{M (0) to} A _{M (999)} }, every fifth address {addresses A _{M (0)} , A _{M (5)} , A _{M (10)} ... _{M (999)} } is made to correspond to the address A _{L (j)} of the display memory 32m, the data is transferred to the address of the display memory 32m, and these data are transferred to the liquid crystal display unit 3 by the display controller 32.
If it is displayed as 1, each reflected wave T to B _s can be displayed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), all the peak values of the waveform displayed on the liquid crystal display unit 31 are numbered and displayed, and among those peak values, the peak value to be the origin position is displayed. performing home position selection display for indicating the selection (Step P _4). It should be noted that these numbers are sequentially assigned in advance to the respective peak values obtained in the procedure P ₂ . In the case shown in FIG. 6 (a), the reflected wave T, S, F, B, respectively numbers 0-4 sequentially to the peak value of B _S is applied, also as the origin position selection display "home position wo Siji Sina Sai" Is displayed. According to this instruction, the operator presses the number "1" of the peak value of the reflected wave S on the number key switch 30a of the origin setting section 30 on which the number "1" is displayed, and then the set key switch 30c. Press to signal the end of input.

The CPU 26 sees the instruction from the keyboard input unit 30,
This because it is number "1", taken out {this address and A _{M (S)}} address for storing the peak value of the reflected wave S of the address obtained in Step P ₂ (Step P _5). When the address A _{M (S)} is determined in this way, the address A _{M (S)} stores the first address (data displayed at the leftmost end of the liquid crystal display unit 31 ₎ of the display memory 32m of the display unit controller 32. Address) A _{L (0)} (procedure P ₆ ). The liquid crystal display unit 3
As shown in FIG. 6 (b), the reflected wave S
The peak value of is displayed at the left end, and this is the origin. In order to perform the waveform display as shown in FIG. 6 (b) (parallel movement of the waveform display of FIG. 6 (a)), the waveform memory 23 displaying the waveform shown in FIG. 6 (a) is used. For each of the addresses, the address of the display memory corresponding thereto may be an address obtained by subtracting the number of addresses of the display memory having the first peak value from the correspondence of the display of FIG. 6 (a).

Address A that stores the peak value set as the origin
_{M (S)} is stored, for example, at a predetermined address of the RAM 27, and no matter how the subsequent reflection waveform display processing (for example, measurement range setting processing, cursor processing, etc.) is performed, the address
A _{M (S)} will be held as the origin address.
Therefore, not only is the origin set easily and accurately, but the origin does not change no matter what process is performed after the origin is set.

The operation of setting the origin has been described above. Next, the operation of displaying the waveform in the desired measurement range will be described with reference to the waveform diagram shown in FIG. 7 and the flowchart shown in FIG.
In FIG. 7, T, S, F, B and B _S are the same reflected wave waveforms as those shown in FIG. A portion 31A surrounded by an alternate long and short dash line is a measurement range displayed on the liquid crystal display unit 31. Further, C _S and C _E are a front cursor and a rear cursor displayed on the liquid crystal display unit 31, respectively. 31B indicates a region sandwiched between the front cursor C _S and the rear cursor C _E, and X ₁ , X ₂ selected in the measurement range 31A.
Indicates the position where the distances l _S and l _R described later are displayed on the screen. The front cursor C _S and the rear cursor C _E will be described later. The state shown in FIG. 7 is a state in which the liquid crystal display unit 31 displays the region of the measurement range l _{R in} the vicinity of both sides of the region 31B sandwiched between the cursors C _S and C _E. It is shown schematically. here,
The dimensions (distance) shown will be described.

l _S : Distance from the origin (in this example, the peak position of the reflected wave S from the surface) to the left end of the measurement range 31A l _R : Distance corresponding to the width of the measurement range 31A l _CS : From the left end of the measurement range 31A to the cursor Distance to C _S l _CE : Distance from the left end of the measurement range 31A to the rear cursor C _E l _W : Area 3 between the front cursor C _S and the rear cursor C _E
Width of 1B (cursor width) An operation for displaying a waveform as shown in FIG. 7 on the liquid crystal display section 31 will be described below. First, the sound velocity at which ultrasonic waves propagate in the object 1 to be inspected (this sound velocity is referred to as V _S ) is input to the keyboard input unit 30, and the measurement range setting unit 2
In 9, input the distance l _S from the origin to the left end of the measurement area and the width l _R of the measurement range 31A. Also, the display memory 32m
The number of addresses A _{L (j)} of is a value determined according to the liquid crystal display unit 31, and is stored in advance. This address A
The number of _{L (j)} (illustrated as 200 in the above description of the origin setting) is represented by K _L.

Next, the CPU 26 follows the procedure stored in the ROM 28, and first, the sound velocity v _S input to the keyboard input unit 30, the distance l _S , the width l _R set in the measurement range setting unit 29, and the number K _L. Are sequentially read (procedure P ₁₁ shown in FIG. 8). Then, to display the waveform on the scope of the measurement range 31A of the liquid crystal display unit 31, how it Dase taking the data stored in the waveform memory 23 is determined by calculation (Step P _12).

Hereinafter, this calculation will be described.

The waveform memory 23 stores the data of the reflected waves equal to or less than the reflected wave T as described above. However, what is needed in this is the data within these measurement ranges 31A,
The data within the measurement range 31A should be displayed on the liquid crystal display unit 31. Therefore, in order to display the data within the measurement range 31A on the liquid crystal display unit 31,
This means that it is an operation for determining how to select an address in the waveform memory 23 for storing data within the measurement range.

For example, the distance between the top surface and the bottom surface of the object 1 to be inspected, that is, the distance L _SB between the reflected wave S and the reflected wave B, the number of addresses of the waveform memory 23 for storing the data therebetween, ΔK, and the reflected wave S are communicated. When the time from when the reflected wave B is received to when the reflected wave B is received is t, the following equation holds.

That is, the number ΔK address of the waveform memory 23 for storing the data of the distance L _SB of the inspected object 1 will be represented by the equation (2). Therefore, the measurement range 31A of the distance l _R
The number of addresses ΔK 'in Becomes If 2 / (v · τ _S ) = β in the equation (3), then ΔK ′ = βl _R (4)

In order to display the measurement range 31A on the liquid crystal display unit 31 as much as possible, the address A of the display memory 23m is selected by selecting the number K _L of addresses of the display memory 23m from the respective addresses forming the number of addresses ΔK ′ in the waveform memory 23. _{L (j)}
It should correspond to. Then, taking the comparison α of the number ΔK ′ and the number K _L , Becomes That is, 1 from the address A _{M (i) of} the waveform memory 23
It is sufficient to select each / α and make it correspond to the address A _{L (j)} of the display memory 32m.

On the other hand, the address of the waveform memory 23 at the left end of the measurement region at the left end of the measurement region at the distance l _S from the peak point (origin) of the reflected wave S is the address A _{M (S)} of the peak point.
And the number of addresses between the distance l _S is βl according to equation (4).
_Since it is _S , it is understood that it is A _{M (S} + βl _S ). Therefore, in order to display the measurement range 31A, it is sufficient to select an address from the address A _{M (S} + βl _S ) of the waveform memory 23 for each 1 / α (procedure P ₁₃ ). That is, in the address _{AM (i)} of the waveform memory 23, the number i of the address to be selected
Is expressed by the following equation.

i = s + βl _S + j / α
(6) In the formula (6), j is the address number of the display memory 32m, and when K _L = 200, j = 0 to 199. In the calculation of the equation (6), the number i may not be an integer, and in this case, the number i is converted to an integer by an appropriate method such as rounding to four (procedure P ₁₄ ). Thus to correspond to the unit by each address of the display memory 32m of the selected address among the addresses of the waveform memory 23, and transfers the data stored in the former to the latter (Step P _15). And
It is possible to display a desired measurement range 31A by the display unit 11 the data of each address of the display memory 32m (Step P ₁₆₎ by the display unit controller 32.

Next, the distances displayed at the distance display positions X ₁ and X ₂ will be described. What is displayed at the distance display position X ₁ is the distance l _S from the origin, and what is displayed at the distance display position X ₂ is the width l _R of the measurement range 31A. By the way, as mentioned above,
Since the distance l _S and the width l _R are input values, the distances l _S and l _R are displayed as they are at the distance display positions X ₁ and X ₂ . For example, in FIG. 6 (a), X ₁ is 0 mm, X
₂ is displayed as 125 mm, and if it is not shown, but the S wave (number 1) is at the position of 50 mm, the result is that the S wave is the origin, and in the figure (b), X ₁ is 0 mm and the S wave is It is displayed to match the peak of.

The operation of displaying the waveform of the measurement range 31A on the display unit 11 has been described above. Next, the operation of displaying the cursor on the display unit 11 will be described with reference to the waveform chart shown in FIG. 7 and the flowchart shown in FIG.
As described above, the cursor is displayed on the inspected object 1,
This is a display used to clarify a region 31B to be observed with caution within the measurement range 31A. now,
In the case of the display as shown in FIG. 7, the area 31B is from the position of the front cursor C _S (l _S + l _CS ) to the position of the rear cursor C _E (l _S + l _CE ). The case where such cursor display is performed will be described below.

The cursor display is performed by operating the cursor start point setting unit 34 and the cursor width setting unit 35. The cursor start point setting unit 34 and the cursor width setting unit 35 are both 0.
It is composed of a rotary switch whose point is set, and the numerical value (distance) is continuously added by the rotation in the positive direction and continuously subtracted by the rotation in the negative direction. If the cursor start point setting unit 34 indicates the distance (l _S + l _CS ) and the cursor width setting unit 35 indicates the distance l _W , the distance l _S
Is known, the distance l _CS is first calculated (9th
Procedure P ₂₁ shown in the figure). Then the values l _CS , l _W , l _R , K _L
Is read (procedure P ₂₂ ), the address corresponding to the distance l _CS in the display memory 32 m, that is, the address of the front cursor C _{S and} the address corresponding to the distance l _CE , that is, the address of the rear cursor C _E are obtained by calculation. procedure P _23). These addresses are obtained by making the ratio of the addresses of both cursors to the total number of addresses K _L in the display memory 32m equal to the ratio of the distance of both cursors to the distance l _R. That is, assuming that the address of the front cursor C _S is A _{L (CS)} and the address of the rear cursor C _E is A _{L (CE)} , these addresses use A _{L (CS)} * and A _{L (CE)} *. hand A _{L (CS)} *, A _{L (CE)} * in the equations (7) and (8) are converted into integers (procedure P ₂₄ ), whereby the address A _{L (} of the previous cursor C _S in the display memory 23 m _CS) and back cursor C
The address A _{L (CE) of E} is determined. Waveform data is already stored in each of these addresses, but this data is changed to broken line display data which means a cursor (procedure P ₂₅ ). Then, drive the display controller 32,
Display the data of address _{AL (CS)} and _{AL (CE)} (Procedure P
₂₆ ) and the cursors C _S , C _E shown in FIG.
Will be displayed.

The operation of displaying the cursor has been described above. However, the cursor is intended to make it easy to see the area to be observed carefully.
On the other hand, it is general that the place to be observed is not limited to the same place. Therefore, in the normal usage mode, the cursor display is the cursor start point setting unit 34 and the cursor width setting unit 3.
In many cases, the rotary switch of No. 5 is continuously rotated and moved. Therefore, hereinafter, with respect to such movement of the cursor display, the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 10 and 12 and the waveform diagrams shown in FIGS. 11 (a) to (g) and 13 (a) to (e). Will be described with reference to.

First, the width (l _W ) of the front cursor C _S and the rear cursor C _E does not change, and both cursors C _S , C _E are held while maintaining this width.
The operation for moving left and right will be described. In this case, the rotary switch of the cursor start point setting unit 34 is operated. The CPU 26 monitors whether or not this rotary switch has been operated (procedure P _{31 in} FIG. 10), and if it has not been operated, the distances l _S , l _CS , l _W , l
As the current remains the value of the _CE (Step P _32), to perform the cursor display processing described with reference to a flowchart shown in FIG. 9 previously (Step P _33). 10 and 12
In the flowchart shown in the figure, each distance before executing the cursor position processing is added with a dash (l _S ′, l
_CS ′, 1 _W ′, 1 _CE ′), and the distances after the processing are not added with dashes (1 _S , 1 _CS , 1 _W , 1 _CE ).
Represent

When the rotary switch of the cursor start point setting unit 34 is operated, this is determined in step P ₃₁ . Then, whether the rotary switch is rotated in the negative direction or is rotated in the forward direction is determined (Step P _34). When the rotary switch is rotated in the forward direction, that is, when the cursors C _S and C _E are moved to the right in FIG. 7, the operation amount of the rotary switch is read (procedure P ₃₅ ). Hereinafter, the operation amount in any direction will be described as an amount for moving the cursors C _S and C _E by the distance Δl ₁ . This distance Δl ₁ is the current distance l _CE ′
Is added to (l _CE ′ + Δl ₁ ) and compared with the width l _R (procedure P ₃₆ ).

Here, the process after the comparison will be described with reference to the waveform charts shown in FIGS. Each drawing {including FIG. 11 (e) to (g) is also included. } Shows the display surface of the liquid crystal display unit 31, and the same parts as those shown in FIG. 7 are designated by the same reference numerals. FIG. 11 (a) shows a state in which the cursors C _S and C _E are at the same positions as those shown in FIG. 7, and this is the current position, and the following description is for the cursors C _S and C _E from this position. It will explain the movement.

When it is determined that {(l _CE ′ + Δl) <l _R } in step P ₃₆ , the cursors C _S and C _E are at the positions shown in FIG. 11 (b), and {(l _CE ′ + Δl ₁ ) = l _R }, it is determined that the cursors C _S and C _E are at the positions shown in FIG. 11 (c), that is, the rear cursor C _E is at the right end of the measurement range 31A. is there. In these cases, the distance l _S ,
l _W remains the same, and the distance l _CS is _equal to the distance (l _CS ′
+ Δl ₁ ) and the distance l _CE becomes the distance (l _CE ′ + Δ
is changed to l ₁₎ (procedure _P 37). Cursor display processing based on these distances is performed (Step P _33), the cursor C _S, C _E will Figure 11 moves to the right (b), appears cursor display as shown in (c).

When it is determined in step P ₃₆ that {(l _CE ′ + Δl ₁ )> l _R }, the rear cursor C _E is further off the right end of the measurement range 31A to the right. In this case, the distances l _W and l _CE are left unchanged, and the distance l _S is the distance {(l _S ′ + (l _CE ′ +
Δl ₁ ) −l _R }, and the distance l _CS is changed to the distance (l _R −l _W ′) (procedure P ₃₈ ), and then the processing of procedure P ₃₃ is performed. That is, the left end of the measurement range 31A is moved to the right by a distance equal to the distance that the rear cursor C _E deviates from the right end of the measurement range 31A. At this time, the rear cursor C _E coincides with the right end of the measurement range 31A as shown in FIG. 11 (d), and therefore the distance I _CS becomes the distance (l _R −l _W ′). Such movement has the same result as moving (scrolling) the entire waveform shown in FIG. 7 to the left on the display surface of the liquid crystal display unit 31.

Now, if the rotary switch In step P ₃₄ is rotated in the negative direction, that is, when moving the cursor C _S, the C _E in the right direction in FIG. 7, the rotary switch operation amount (distance Δl
₁₎ is read in (Step P _39), positive and negative is determined value (l _CS '-Δl ₁₎ (Step P _40). Where the value (l _CS ′ −
When it is determined that Δl ₁ ) is positive, it means that the cursors C _S and C _E are at the positions shown in FIG. 11 (e) and the value (l _CS ′ −Δl ₁ ) is 0. The judgment is made when the cursors C _S and C _E are at the positions shown in FIG. 11 (f), that is, the front cursor C _S is at the position corresponding to the left end of the measurement range. In these cases, the distances l _S and l _W remain unchanged, the distance l _CS is changed to the distance (l _CS ′ −Δl ₁ ) and the distance l _CE is changed to the distance (l _CE ′ −Δl ₁ ) (procedure P ₄₁ ). After that, the process of step P ₃₃ is performed, the cursors C _S and C _E move to the left, and the cursor display as shown in FIGS. 11 (e) and (f) appears.

When {(l _CS ′ −Δl) <0} is determined in step P ₄₀ , it means that the front cursor C _S is further leftward from the left end of the measurement range 31A. In this case, the distance l _W , l
_CE is left as it is, and the distance l _S is the distance {l _S ′ − (Δl
To ₁ -l _CS ')}, also after the distance l _CS has been changed to 0 (Step P _42), the processing steps P ₃₃ is performed. That is, the left end of the measurement range 31A is moved to the left by the distance that the front cursor C _S deviates, and coincides with the front cursor C _S as shown in FIG. 11 (g). When viewed from the waveform side, such movement has the same result as moving (scrolling) the entire waveform shown in FIG. 7 to the right within the display surface of the liquid crystal display unit 31.

Through the above processing, the cursors C _S and C _E can be moved without changing the cursor width.

Next, the operation when changing the width (width of the measurement range) of the front cursor C _S and the rear cursor C _E will be described. In this case, the rotary switch of the cursor width setting unit 35 is operated. The CPU 26 monitors whether or not the rotary switch has been operated (procedure P _{51 in} FIG. 12), and if not operated, the distances l _CS , l _W , and l _CE remain at their current values (procedure). _P52 ), and cursor display processing is performed (procedure _P53 ).

When the rotary switch of the cursor width setting unit 35 is operated, it is determined in step P _51, then the operation direction is determined (Step P _54). If the rotary switch is rotated in the forward direction to widen the cursor width in the positive direction, the operation amount of the rotary switch is read (Step P _55). Hereinafter, the operation amount in any direction will be described as an amount for changing the cursor width by the distance Δl ₂ . Next, the distance l _CE ′ and the distance Δ
The value obtained by adding l ₂ is compared with the distance l _R (procedure P ₅₆ ). This comparison, when expanding the cursor width in the right direction by moving the rear cursor C _E in the right direction, and is for the rear cursor C _E determines whether out of the right end of the measurement range 31A. When the distance (l _CE ′ + Δl ₂ ) is less than or equal to the distance l _R , that is, when the rear cursor C _E does not deviate from the right end of the measurement range 31A, the distance l _CS is left unchanged,
The distance l _{W is changed} to the distance (l _W ′ + Δl ₂ ) and the distance l _CE is changed to the distance (l _CE ′ + Δl ₂ ) (procedure P ₅₇ ).
This case is shown in the waveform diagrams of FIGS. 13 (b) and 13 (c).
The waveform chart of FIG. 13 (b) shows that when the distance (l _CE ′ + Δl ₂ ) is less than the distance l _R , the waveform chart of FIG. 13 (c) shows the distance (l _CE ′).
It is a waveform diagram when + Δl ₂ ) is equal to the distance l _R. Note that FIG. 13 (a) is the same waveform diagram as FIG. 11 (a).

When it is determined in step P ₅₆ that the rear cursor _CE is out of the right end of the measurement range 31A, it is further determined whether the distance {l _CS ′ − (l _CE ′ + Δl ₂ −l _R )} is negative. It is determined (procedure _P58 ). This determination is to determine whether or not the distance that the rear cursor C _E deviates from the right end of the measurement range 31A is equal to or less than the distance l _CS ′ (the above formula is positive or 0). If this deviating distance is less than or equal to the distance l _CS ′, the distance l _{CS is changed} to the distance {l _CS ′ − (l _CE ′ + Δl ₂ −l _R )}, and the distance l
_{W is changed} to the distance {l _W ′ + (l _CE ′ + Δl ₂ −l _R )} and the distance l _CE is changed to the distance l _R (procedure P ₅₉ ), and cursor display processing is performed (procedure P ₅₃ ). Procedure P
_As shown in FIG. 13 (d), the processing of ₅₉ is performed by the rear cursor C
Position _E at the right end of the measurement range 31A, and press the front cursor C
_This is a process of moving _S to the left by an amount that the rear cursor C _E deviates from the right end of the measurement range 31A.

In step _P58 , the rear cursor C _E is out of the right end of the measurement range 31A. If it is determined that the expression of the procedure P ₅₈ is negative, the distance l _CS is set to 0 and the distances l _W and l _CE are set to the distance l _R (step P ₆₀ ), and cursor display processing is performed (step P ₅₃ ).
This process is performed by the forward cursor C _S as shown in FIG. 13 (e).
Is positioned at the left end of the measurement range 31A, and the rear cursor C _E is positioned at the right end of the measurement range 31A.
A and the area 31B sandwiched between the cursors C _S and C _E become equal.

On the other hand, when it is determined in step P ₅₄ that the operation direction of the rotary switch is the negative direction, that is, the direction in which the cursor width is reduced, the operation amount is read (step P ₆₁ ), and then the distance l _W ′ from the distance l _W ′. It is determined whether the value obtained by subtracting Δl ₂ is negative (procedure P ₆₂ ). This judgment is the operation amount of the rotary switch (whether or not the distance Δl ₂ exceeds the current cursor width l _W ′. In step P ₆₂ , the distance Δl ₂ is equal to or less than the cursor width l _W ′. If determined, distance l
_CS is left as it is, and the distance l _W is the distance (l _W ′ −Δ
l ₂ ), the distance l _CE is changed to the distance (l _CE ′ −Δl ₂ ) (procedure P ₆₃ ), and cursor display processing is performed. Procedure P ₆₃
The process of is a process of moving the rear cursor C _E to the left by the distance Δl ₂ to reduce the cursor width.

When it is determined in step P ₆₂ that the distance Δl ₂ exceeds the cursor width l _W ′, the distances l _CS and l _CE are set to the distance l.
_CS 'and the distance l _W are set to 0 (procedure P ₆₄ ), and cursor display processing is performed. The process of step P _{64 is} a process of superimposing the rear cursor C _E on the front cursor C _S to display only one cursor.

In this way, by operating the rotary switches of the cursor start point setting unit 34 and the cursor width setting unit 35,
The cursor position can be freely moved, and a desired region can be freely selected from the measurement range.
In this case, since the cursor is determined by the address of the display memory, it is obvious that the distance from the origin of the cursor can be known from this address. From this, if the cursor is made to coincide with the defect wave, the position of the defect wave can be immediately known.

The various operations of the present embodiment have been described above. As described above, in the present embodiment, the received data is once stored in the waveform memory. Therefore, the origin can be easily set by selecting the address of the waveform memory based on the peak value of the waveform. The origin once set does not change by any other processing.

Further, the desired measurement range can be easily displayed on the display unit by performing the address calculation based on the sound velocity, the number of addresses of the display memory, and the measurement range instruction value of the measurement range setting unit.

In addition, the cursor can be freely displayed by operating the rotary switches in the cursor start point setting section and the cursor width setting section. The inconvenience of protruding from the display unit can be eliminated.
With this cursor, not only the selected area in the displayed measurement range can be easily limited, but also the position of the defect can be accurately known by matching the cursor display with the defect wave.

Furthermore, the waveform display on the display surface can be sequentially moved (scrolled) by increasing the rotation amount of the rotary switch of the cursor start point setting unit.

Further, in the conventional device, the delay time setting unit and the measurement range setting unit are composed of a resistor and a capacitor, and their values change as the temperature changes.
Although the waveform displayed on the display unit is displaced and accurate measurement is difficult, in the present embodiment, since each waveform data is stored at a predetermined address of the waveform memory and the display memory, the temperature change The waveform does not shift due to.

In the description of the above embodiment, an example in which the origin setting is set based on the peak value of the waveform has been described, but it is obvious that this can be done by cursor display.
Further, the origin is not limited to the peak point of the reflected wave S, but can be set to another appropriate point according to various conditions. Further, it is a matter of course that the measurement range is the entire waveform and the cursor can be displayed on the measurement range. Furthermore,
It is clear from the description of the above embodiment that the speed of sound can be calculated. Further, in the description of the above-mentioned embodiments, the liquid crystal display section is exemplified as the display section, but the present invention is not limited to the liquid crystal display section, and it is obvious that a cathode ray tube, a plasma display or the like can be used.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, in the present invention, the received reflected wave data is stored in the waveform memory, the waveform memory address corresponding to the address of the display memory is calculated according to the measurement range, and the instruction of the cursor input unit is further obtained. The display memory address is calculated based on the above, the data at that address is changed to cursor display data, and the data at these display memory addresses are displayed, so the measurement range can be set extremely easily and accurately. Moreover, the cursor can be easily displayed on the display surface, and it is possible to eliminate the trouble of drawing the cursor and the inconvenience that the cursor projects from the display unit as in the conventional case. Then, with this cursor, a desired region of the measurement range can be freely selected.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an ultrasonic flaw detector according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of key switches in an origin setting section shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a partial waveform diagram of a reflected wave. , Fig. 4 shows the first
Fig. 5 is an explanatory view of the contents of the waveform memory shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is a flow chart for explaining the origin setting operation, Figs. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are display waveform diagrams for origin setting, and Fig. 7 is the measurement range and cursor display. FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram for explaining the measurement range, FIGS. 8 and 9 are flowcharts for explaining the measurement range display operation and the cursor display operation, respectively, FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the cursor position processing, and FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b). , (C), (d), (e), (f),
(g) is a display waveform diagram in the case of cursor position processing, FIG. 12 is a flowchart explaining the cursor width processing, FIG.
(a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) are display waveform diagrams in the case of cursor width processing, FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a conventional ultrasonic flaw detector, and FIG. 15 is water immersion. FIG. 16 is a sectional view for explaining the method, and FIG. 16 is a waveform diagram of a reflected wave. 1 ... Object to be inspected, 1f ... Defect, 2 ... Ultrasonic probe, 5 ... Transmitting section, 6 ... Receiving section, 21 ... Ultrasonic flaw detector, 22 ... A / D converting section, 23 ... Waveform memory, 24
...... Address counter, 25 ...... Timing circuit, 26
... CPU, 27 ... RAM, 28 ... ROM, 29 ...
… Measurement range setting section, 30 …… Keyboard input section, 31…
... Liquid crystal display, 32 ... Display controller, 32m ...
... display memory, 33 ... origin setting section, 34 ... cursor starting point setting section, 35 ... cursor width setting section.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A transmitting unit that outputs a predetermined pulse to an ultrasonic probe, a receiving unit that receives a signal from the ultrasonic probe, and a receiving unit that is based on the signal received by the receiving unit. In an ultrasonic flaw detector having a display unit that displays the waveform of the signal, a waveform memory that sequentially stores the input signal received by the receiving unit at a predetermined sampling cycle,
A display memory for storing data to be displayed on the display unit,
Selecting means for selecting an address of the waveform memory according to a measurement range to be displayed on the display section, and data transferring means for transferring data of the address selected by the selecting means to a corresponding address of the display memory, A cursor input section for inputting the positions of two cursors indicating an area to be selected in the measurement range, and a display memory corresponding to these two positions based on the two positions input to the cursor input section. Calculation means for calculating two addresses, data changing means for changing the data of the two addresses calculated by the calculation means into cursor display data, and a display for displaying the data of each address of the display memory on the display section. A measuring range selection device for an ultrasonic flaw detector, comprising: a control means.