JPH06136726A - Concrete block and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a riverbed from being exavated, make the best use of water-holding capacity of a mountain and not to harm the natural scene. CONSTITUTION:Regarding a concrete block provided with natural cobble stone and the like 2 on its surface in a pebble shape and having natural cobble stone protruding from the fringe on a part of the outer circumference, natural cobble stone and the like 2 and ready-mixed concrete 6 are intermixed in a formwork arranged on the ground while the cobble stone are protruded beyond the upper edge of the formwork on a part of the outer circumference. A surface layer made of ready-mixed concrete, which is a mixture of granule gravel, crushed stone and the like, is formed on the surface and, after the ready-mixed concrete 6 is half hardened, the formwork is removed and the half hardened concrete stuck to the surface of the natural cobble stone and the like 2 is removed by spraying water or sand thereon.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a concrete block mainly used for river works and erosion control works and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in river construction or erosion control work, for example, in the laid portion of a waterway construction or the laid portion of a flow passage construction, concrete is spread over the floor bottom of the river to prevent the floor bottom of the river from being scraped off by running water. I'm out. Further, in river construction, for example, revetment construction, a large number of concrete blocks are arranged like a grid at intervals, and partition walls are inserted in the intervals to prevent slippage and reduce the flow velocity of running water.

[0003]

However, all of the above-mentioned constructions are artificial concrete surfaces whose surfaces are finished smoothly, so that they do not match the surrounding natural scenery and give an unnatural feeling. There is a problem. In addition, if concrete is spread over the floor of the channel or the bottom of the river, running water will not permeate underground and will flow all downstream, so the mountain's water retention capacity is fully utilized. There is a problem that there is no. Furthermore, since the surface of this concrete is formed smoothly, there is no place for fish to rest, hide, or lay eggs, so there is a problem that it is not an environment where fish and fish can live. When dams and channel works are completed by erosion control work and water in the valley flows into the downstream river through the channel works, in the case of unrepaired rivers, flooding may cause disasters.

Therefore, in recent years, concrete blocks for guarding floors are arranged at intervals on the floor of a flow channel work or on the floor bottom of a river like a grid pattern. It is being studied to spread the water and infiltrate part of the water underground to return it to the mountains. However, even in this configuration, the cobblestones used as the filling work and the concrete block are significantly different in appearance, so the boundary line between the two is clearly distinguished, giving an unnatural feeling and creating a natural landscape. The problem of damage is not resolved.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to prevent excavation of the bottom of a river,
It is intended to provide a concrete block and a method for producing the same that can fully utilize the water retaining capacity of the mountain, secure the ecosystem of fish, and do not damage the natural landscape.

[0006]

The invention according to claim 1 is a concrete block used for erosion control work and river construction, in which natural cobblestones are provided in the shape of a stone and the outer periphery is partially covered. The feature is that natural cobblestones are projected from the periphery. The invention of claim 2 is a method for manufacturing a concrete block used for erosion control work and river construction, in which natural cobblestones and fresh concrete are mixed in a formwork placed on the surface of the earth and Place the cobblestone in a part so as to project beyond the upper edge of the formwork, form a surface layer of raw concrete mixed with fine-grained gravel, crushed stone, etc. on these surfaces, and after the raw concrete is semi-hardened The feature is that the mold is removed and the semi-hardened concrete adhering to the surface of natural cobblestone or the like is sprayed with water or sand to remove it.

A third aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a concrete block used for erosion control work or river work, in which natural cobblestones and ready-mixed concrete are put into a formwork arranged on the surface of the earth. Mix these natural cobblestones and fresh concrete well in the formwork, and arrange the cobblestones in a part of the outer periphery so as to project beyond the upper edge of the formwork, and the fine gravel and crushed stones on these surfaces. Forming a surface layer of raw concrete mixed with etc., after the raw concrete is semi-hardened, removing the formwork, spraying water or sand on the semi-hardened concrete adhering to the surface of natural cobblestone, etc. It is characterized by

A fourth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a concrete block used for erosion control work and river construction, in which a formwork is installed on the surface of the earth, and ready-mixed concrete is poured into the formwork. Mixing natural cobblestones and fresh concrete, and arranging boulders in a part of the outer periphery so as to project beyond the upper edge of the form, and mixing these surfaces with fine-grained gravel, crushed stone, etc. Is characterized by the fact that after forming the surface layer by, the raw concrete is semi-hardened, the form is removed, and the semi-hardened concrete adhered to the surface of natural cobblestone or the like is sprayed with water or sand to remove it. .

[0009]

According to the concrete block of claim 1, when it is used for erosion control work or river construction, the surface of the concrete block is covered with natural cobblestones in a stone shape, which is in harmony with the surrounding natural scenery. To do. Further, even when a plurality of concrete blocks are arranged at intervals, the natural cobblestones protruding from the peripheral portion protrude into the intervals, making it difficult to determine the seams of the concrete blocks. Claim 2
According to the concrete block manufacturing method of No. 1, natural cobblestones mixed in the formwork placed on the surface of the earth are fixed by fresh concrete, so a concrete block of a certain size according to the formwork is produced. it can. In addition, the boulders are arranged in a part of the outer periphery so as to project beyond the upper edge of the formwork, and a surface layer made of fresh concrete mixed with fine-grained gravel, crushed stone, etc. is formed on these surfaces. Stronger adhesion to ready-mixed concrete. Furthermore, since water or sand is sprayed onto the surface of the natural cobblestone, the surface of the natural cobblestone can be finished cleanly.

According to the third aspect of the invention, it is not necessary to mix the natural cobblestones and the fresh concrete in advance outside the formwork, and even if the natural cobblestones are not arranged, the formwork is not arranged. It is possible to manufacture a concrete block of a certain size according to. In addition, the boulders are arranged in a part of the outer periphery so as to project beyond the upper edge of the formwork, and a surface layer made of fresh concrete mixed with fine-grained gravel, crushed stone, etc. is formed on these surfaces. Stronger adhesion to ready-mixed concrete. Furthermore, since water or sand is sprayed onto the surface of the natural cobblestone, the surface of the natural cobblestone can be finished cleanly.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the fresh concrete is poured into the formwork, even if the ground surface is uneven, the natural cobblestones and the like put in the upper portion are properly mixed with the fresh concrete. In addition, a boulder is arranged in a part of the outer peripheral portion so as to project beyond the upper edge of the mold, and fine gravel on these surfaces,
Since the surface layer made of fresh concrete mixed with crushed stones is formed, the bond between the cobblestone and the fresh concrete becomes strong.
Furthermore, since water or sand is sprayed onto the surface of the natural cobblestone, the surface of the natural cobblestone can be finished cleanly.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS.
Will be described with reference to. Concrete block 1 is shown in Figure 1.
As shown in Fig. 3, the natural cobblestones 2 and the like are arranged in a stone shape on the surface, and the natural cobblestones 2 form protrusions 3 protruding from the peripheral portion at different positions on opposite sides. ing. A large number of the concrete blocks 1 are arranged at intervals, for example, at the bottom of a river during erosion control work and river works, and cobblestones 4 are laid in the intervals as a stuffing work as shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, referring to FIG. 3 to FIG.
The manufacturing method of the concrete block 1 according to the present invention will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 3, the form 5 is fixed to the ground surface G. The formwork 5 may be placed directly on the upper surface of the ground surface G, or may be placed on an iron plate placed on the ground surface G or a mat for preventing suction. Next, natural cobblestones 2 and the like and fresh concrete 6 are mixed in advance outside. This blending ratio is, for example, 0.5-60 kg per piece.
1000 to 1500 kg of natural cobblestones 2 etc., 900 to 1100 kg of aggregate such as gravel, 250 to 260 k cement
g and green concrete 6 consisting of 160 to 170 l of water. This mixture is put into the mold 5. Then, the natural cobblestones 2 are projected on the surface from the peripheral portion beyond the upper portion of the mold 5 to form the protruding portion 3. The protrusions 3 are formed at different positions on opposite sides.

By the way, since the size of the cobblestone 2 is larger than that of other aggregates, a gap 7 as shown in FIG. Therefore, in order to improve the contact between the cobblestone 2 and the green concrete 6 by filling the gap 7, a surface layer 8 made of green concrete in which fine particles of gravel, crushed stone, etc. are mixed is formed (see FIG. 5). Fill the vibrator V better. Then, when the green concrete 6 is semi-hardened, as shown in FIG. 6, the form 5 is removed, and the semi-hardened concrete adhering to the surface of the cobblestone 2 or the like is wiped off with high-pressure water or sand. After that, when the raw concrete 6 is completely hardened, the concrete block 1 in which the natural cobblestones 2 are arranged on the surface in a stone shape is completed.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in the river protection work constructed by the concrete block 1, a large number of concrete blocks are provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the floor compaction 9 provided so as to cross the river. 1 is arranged at a predetermined interval, and cobblestones 4 are spread at each interval as a packing work (see FIG. 2). In this floor protection work, since the surface of the concrete block 1 is covered with the cobblestones 2, it does not spoil the natural scenery in harmony with the surrounding scenery.

Further, in the case of a channel construction such as a channel construction and water tapping constructed by erosion control work, in the channel construction A as shown in FIG. 9, the water W flowing through the surface having a smooth surface flows to the downstream at once. Also, living things such as fish and crab resting, hiding,
Since there is no place to lay eggs, the environment in which living things can live is not good, and it is not in harmony with the natural landscape, but as shown in 10 and FIG. When cobblestones 4 are spread as water, water penetrates underground through the cobblestones 4 and the water-retaining capacity of the mountain is secured and the amount of flowing water can be adjusted.

Further, since the surface of the concrete block 1 is covered with cobblestones 4 or the like, the water W flowing in the direction of the arrow hits the surface of the irregularities to generate water bubbles, which supply oxygen to the river. Further, since the concrete block 1 is provided with natural cobblestones 2 and the like on the surface thereof in a stone shape, moss or the like for feeding fish naturally grows on the surface of the cobblestone 2, so that the habitat condition of the fish or the like is not required. It also improves and blends well with the surrounding natural landscape. The interval between the concrete blocks 1 varies depending on the flow rate of the river and the water retaining capacity of the mountain. Even if the interval is small and the boulders 4 are not used as the filling work, the protrusions of the adjacent concrete blocks 1 As 3 protrudes alternately and fills the space, it is in harmony with the surrounding landscape. The protrusions 3 do not interfere with each other even when the adjacent concrete blocks 1 come into contact with each other.

In the invention according to claim 3, the mold 5 is installed at a predetermined position on the ground surface G, and the natural cobblestones 2 and the like and the fresh concrete 6 are put into the mold 5. Then, the cobbles 2 and the like and the fresh concrete 6 are mixed well by a shovel, a power shovel, a vibrator, and the like. Next, the natural cobblestones 2 are projected from the peripheral edge over the upper part of the mold 5 to form the projection 3. Then, in order to improve the contact by filling the gap 7 between the cobblestone 2 and the ready-mixed concrete 6 described above, a surface layer 8 made of ready-mixed concrete mixed with fine-grained gravel, crushed stone, etc. is formed (see FIG. 5). ). When the green concrete 6 is semi-hardened, the form 5 is removed, and high-pressure water or sand is sprayed on the semi-hardened concrete adhering to the surface of the cobblestone 2 or the like to remove it. Then, when the ready-mixed concrete 6 is completely hardened, the concrete block 1 is completed.
In this embodiment, as in the first embodiment,
In advance, natural cobblestones 2 and fresh concrete 6
This has the effect of omitting the work of mixing and transporting it to the construction site.

FIG. 12 shows a second embodiment in which the invention according to claim 4 is applied to revetment work. In this embodiment, the formwork 5 is installed at a predetermined position on the ground surface G. Then, first, ready-mixed concrete 6 is put into the form 5. Next, the natural cobblestones 2 and the like, which have been mixed in advance outside, and the fresh concrete 6 are put into the upper portion of the fresh concrete 6. Next, the natural cobblestones 2 are projected from the peripheral edge over the upper part of the mold 5 to form the projection 3. Then, in order to improve the contact by filling the gap 7 between the cobblestone 2 and the ready-mixed concrete 6 described above, a surface layer 8 made of ready-mixed concrete mixed with fine-grained gravel, crushed stone, etc. is formed (see FIG. 5). ). When the green concrete 6 is semi-hardened, the form 5 is removed, and high-pressure water or sand is sprayed on the semi-hardened concrete adhering to the surface of the cobblestone 2 or the like to remove it. Then, when the ready-mixed concrete 6 is completely hardened, the concrete block 1 is completed.

In this embodiment, since the strength of the embankment can be ensured by the lower ready-mixed concrete 6 that is initially put in, the thickness of the layers of the cobblestone 2 and the ready-mixed concrete 6 mixed in the upper part of the ready-mixed concrete 6 is appropriately set. You can decide to. Also,
Since the cobblestones 2 on the surface function to prevent slippage and reduce the flow velocity of the flowing water, the concrete blocks 1 can be arranged so as to be in contact with each other, and there is an effect that a conventionally used partition wall is not required.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings. For example, the finish condition of the surface is a problem, such as the side surface which is predetermined to be placed on the river bottom. Regarding the side surface which does not become, various modifications are possible within a range not departing from the gist, such as removing the form after the ready-mixed concrete has hardened.

[0022]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. According to the concrete block of claim 1, it can be used for erosion control work and river work to prevent excavation of the floor bottom, and flowing water penetrates underground to make full use of the water retention capacity of the mountain. You can In addition, the surface of the concrete block is covered with natural cobblestones in a stone shape, which is in good harmony with the surrounding natural scenery. Further, even when a plurality of concrete blocks are arranged at intervals, the natural cobblestones protruding from the peripheral portion protrude into the intervals, making it difficult to determine the seams of the concrete blocks.

In the method for manufacturing a concrete block according to the second aspect, concrete blocks of substantially uniform size and shape can be efficiently produced, and work for arranging cobblestones or the like is not required, so that work efficiency is improved. It is extremely convenient for construction of revetment work. Further, since the surface layer is formed, the boulders can be securely fixed. Moreover, since the surface of the concrete block is covered with natural cobblestones in an uneven shape, it is possible to secure the environment necessary for fish to inhabit and to rest and lay eggs. In the method for manufacturing a concrete block according to claim 3, there is no need to mix natural cobblestones and ready-mixed concrete outside in advance, and the work of transporting this to the construction site is not required, so work efficiency is further improved. Can be done.

In the concrete block manufacturing method according to the fourth aspect, since the strength of the embankment can be ensured by the lower raw concrete, the thickness of the layers of the cobblestone and the raw concrete may be appropriately determined. Further, the concrete blocks can be arranged so as to be in contact with each other, and the conventionally used partition walls are not required.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a concrete block according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state where a packing process is performed in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a first step of the method for manufacturing a concrete block.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a second step of the method for manufacturing a concrete block.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a third step of the method for manufacturing a concrete block.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the surface is cleaned from the step in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of river bed protection work constructed using the concrete block according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of river protection work constructed using the concrete block according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front cross-sectional view of a waterway floor with a smooth surface.

FIG. 10 is a front cross-sectional view in which a waterway is constructed of concrete blocks.

FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional view in which a waterway is constructed of concrete blocks.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of river revetment construction using a concrete block according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Concrete Block 2 Natural Cobblestones 3 Projection 4 Padding 5 Formwork 6 Fresh Concrete G Surface

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A concrete block used for erosion control work or river construction, wherein natural boulders, etc. are provided on the surface in the shape of stones, and the natural boulders are projected from a peripheral portion on a part of the outer peripheral portion. Concrete block characterized by. 2. A method of manufacturing a concrete block used for erosion control work or river construction, comprising mixing natural cobblestones and ready-mixed concrete in a formwork placed on the surface of the earth and part of the outer periphery. Arranged so that the cobblestones project beyond the upper edge of the formwork, to form a surface layer of raw concrete in which fine particles of gravel, crushed stone, etc. are mixed on these surfaces, and after the raw concrete is semi-cured, the A method for producing a concrete block, comprising removing a formwork and spraying water or sand onto semi-hardened concrete adhering to the surface of a natural cobblestone or the like. 3. A method of manufacturing a concrete block used for erosion control work or river construction, wherein natural cobblestones and ready-mixed concrete are put into a formwork arranged on the surface of the earth,
These natural cobblestones and green concrete are mixed well in the formwork, and the cobblestones are arranged in a part of the outer peripheral portion so as to project beyond the upper edge of the formwork, and fine grain gravel is formed on these surfaces.
Form a surface layer of raw concrete mixed with crushed stone, etc., after the raw concrete is semi-hardened, remove the formwork and spray water or sand on the semi-hardened concrete adhering to the surface of natural cobblestone, etc. to remove A method for manufacturing a concrete block, comprising: 4. A method of manufacturing a concrete block used for erosion control work or river construction, wherein a formwork is installed on the surface of the earth, fresh concrete is poured into the formwork, and natural cobblestones and the like are placed on the formwork. In addition to mixing with raw concrete, pebbles are arranged in a part of the outer periphery so as to project beyond the upper edge of the formwork, and a surface layer made of raw concrete mixed with fine grain gravel, crushed stone, etc. is formed on these surfaces. Then, after the raw concrete is semi-cured, the mold is removed, and water or sand is sprayed on the semi-cured concrete adhering to the surface of a natural cobblestone or the like to remove the concrete block.