JPH06130952A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically shift and emit chord constituting sounds at the time of selecting a tone color of a guittar or the like. CONSTITUTION:Tone color control data and flag data indicating whether shift is necessary or not are stored in a memory with respect to each tone color. For example, when a tone color of a guittar is selected, the tone color of a tone generator TG is set based on tone color control data corresponding to the tone color, and it is discriminated whether shift is necessary or not based on flag data, and the key on processing is performed if it is necessary. In the key on processing, a sound S2 corresponding a key K2 is generated and a prescribed chord period tC is set when the key K2 is depressed a prescribed no- performance time tN after a preceding sound S1; and if a chord key Dm or the like is depressed in the period tC, its pitch data is written in a buffer register. An interrupt routine is executed at intervals of a prescribed time DELTAt to transfer pitch data from the buffer register to the TG in order from low-pitched sounds, thereby shifting and emitting sounds.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument capable of playing a chord for each tone color, and in particular, when the tone color is selected, it is automatically linked with the tone color selection by determining the necessity of the shifted sound generation based on the stored data. It is possible to shift the chord constituent tones.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an electronic musical instrument capable of playing chords, when a chord is pressed on the keyboard with a delay function selection switch turned on, chord constituent tones are produced at predetermined time intervals (shifted pronunciation). It is known to do so (see, for example, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 3-19559). It is possible to generate natural chords by staggering the pronunciation.

By the way, in order to generate a natural musical tone, for example, a sound of a natural musical instrument such as a guitar is recorded by PCM (pulse code modulation) and stored in a memory, and the memory is operated in response to a key depression operation. An electronic musical instrument has been proposed in which a recorded waveform is read to generate a musical sound.

[0004]

When a chord is played in the above-mentioned recorded waveform read-out type electronic musical instrument, the chord constituent tones are produced almost at the same time, and the sounding start timing is slightly deviated as in the case of playing a guitar. Does not come out.

Therefore, it is conceivable to apply the above-mentioned shifted sounding technique to give a feeling of pronunciation deviation similar to a guitar performance, but in this case, it is necessary to turn on the delay function selection switch after selecting a guitar tone color. , The operation is complicated.

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel electronic musical instrument which can automatically shift the chord constituent tones in synchronization with tone color selection.

[0007]

The electronic musical instrument according to the present invention comprises: (a) storage means for storing tone color control data and flag data indicating the necessity of shifted tone generation for each tone color of a plurality of tone colors. , (B) tone color selection means for selecting any one of the plurality of tone colors, (c) sound generation instruction means for instructing sound generation of a plurality of tones forming a desired chord, and (d)
Sound source means capable of generating a tone signal having a set tone color, and (e) in response to tone color selection by the tone color selection means, tone color control data corresponding to the selected tone color is supplied from the storage means to the tone source means. A tone color setting means for setting a tone color, and (f) in response to the tone color selection by the tone color selecting means, it is determined whether or not the shift sound is necessary based on the flag data, and the sound source means is determined according to the determination result. Control means for controlling the generation of the musical tone signal in the case of a plurality of sounds corresponding to the sounding instruction by the sounding instructing means and corresponding to the plurality of sounds when a predetermined time interval is reached. Controlling the sound source means to generate the tone signal of
When the determination result is negative, the sound source means is controlled so as to generate a plurality of tone signals corresponding to the plurality of tones according to the sounding instruction by the sounding instructing means.

[0008]

According to the structure of the present invention, for example, when the tone data is stored in the storage means together with the tone color control data, the flag data indicating the shifted tone generation for a specific tone color of a guitar or the like is selected. In the sound source means, a specific tone color is set by the tone color setting means based on the tone color control data, and at the control means it is determined that the shift sound generation is necessary based on the flag data. Then, the control means controls the sound source means so as to generate a plurality of musical tone signals corresponding to the chord constituent tones at predetermined time intervals in response to the sounding instruction from the sounding instructing means, so that the chord constituent tones are started to sound. It will be pronounced at different timings.

For tone colors that do not require shifted pronunciation,
By storing the flag data to that effect, it is determined by the control means that the shift sound generation is unnecessary. In this case, the control means controls the sound source means so as to generate a plurality of musical tone signals corresponding to the chord constituent tones in response to the sounding instruction from the sounding instructing means, so that the chord constituent tones are simultaneously started to be sounded.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows the structure of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this electronic musical instrument, musical tone generation is controlled by a microcomputer.
The bus 10, keyboard 12, operator group 14, tone generator (TG) 16, CPU (central processing unit) 20, R
An OM (read only memory) 22, a RAM (random access memory) 24, a first timer 26, a second timer 28, a third timer 30 and the like are connected.

The keyboard 12 has a large number of keys, and key operation information such as a key on / off event is detected via a key switch for each key. Operator group 1
4 includes a large number of operators such as tone color selecting operators,
The operation information is detected for each operator.
The TG 16 has ten or more tone generation channels capable of simultaneously producing sounds, and the tone signal from each channel is converted into sound by the sound system 18.

The CPU 20 executes the various processes shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 according to the programs stored in the ROM 22, and these processes will be described later. RAM24 is
The registers that are used in various processes by the CPU 20 are included in the registers, which are relevant to the implementation of the present invention.

(1) Flag register ZR ... This is a register in which flag data ZF ("1" or "0") indicating the necessity of the shifted sound is set.

(2) Non-performance period register R _N ... This is the one in which data indicating a predetermined non-performance period t _N is set.

(3) Chord period register R _C ... This is
Data indicating a predetermined chord period t _C is set.

(4) Buffer register BR ... This is
The pitch data of chord constituent tones is written, for example, 4
It has a storage area of about 5 notes.

The first timer 26 has a register R _{t in} which data indicating a time interval Δt at which sound generation of chord constituent tones is started is set, and a cycle corresponding to the time interval Δt indicated by the data in the register R _t. Interrupt command signal INT with
Supply to PU20. CUP20 is an interrupt command signal IN
Each time T is received, the interrupt routine of FIG. 6 is started.

The second timer 28 is reset each time a key-on event is detected, and measures the elapsed time from the key-on time. For the sake of convenience, the time indicated by the timer 28 is represented by T _N.

The third timer 30 is reset each time a reference sound other than a chord (for example, a melody sound) is generated, and measures the elapsed time from the time when the reference sound is generated.
For convenience, the time designated by the timer 30 is represented by T _C.

FIG. 2 shows a storage format of tone color data. For example, tone color data V ₁ , V ₂ ... V _n corresponding to tone colors of guitar, piano, flute, etc. are RO.
It is stored in M22. Since the formats of V _{1 to} V _n are similar to each other, the format of V ₁ will be described as a representative.

The tone color data V ₁ includes header data HD representing a tone color name and the like, tone color control data TC, and shift tone generation control data ZC. The tone color control data TC includes waveform number data WN and envelope control data E.
V and the like are included, and the envelope control data EV includes, for example, attack time data AT, decay time data DT, sustain level data SL, and release time data RT. The waveform number data WN is
The tone waveform to be read out is designated. Guitars, pianos ... Music tone waveforms corresponding to tones such as flutes can be recorded in TG16 by recording PCM of actual instrument sounds.
It is stored in the internal memory.

The shift tone generation control data ZC is flag data ZF ("1" or "0") indicating whether shift tone generation is necessary.
, Data indicating the time interval Δt at which sound generation of chord constituent tones starts, data indicating a predetermined no-play period t _N, and data indicating a predetermined chord period t _C. For example, the flag data ZF is set to "1" for the guitar tone color, but the flag data ZF is set to "0" for the tone color that does not require the shifted tone generation. As an example, the time interval Δt
Is 2 to 16 [ms], the chord period t _C is several 10 [ms],
The no-play time is set to several hundreds [ms].

FIG. 3 shows the flow of processing of the main routine, and the processing starts when the power is turned on.

At step 40, initialization processing is performed to initialize registers. And step 42
Then, the subroutine of the tone color setting process is executed as will be described later with reference to FIG. In this processing, the tone color of the TG 16 is set according to the operation of the tone color selection operator, and it is determined whether or not the shift tone is to be generated based on the flag data ZF in the tone color data.
However, if unnecessary, "0" is set in the register ZR.

Next, at step 44, it is determined whether the content of the register ZR is "1" (whether the shift sound is required). If the determination result is affirmative (Y), the process proceeds to step 46, and FIG.
As described later, a key-on processing subroutine is executed. In this process, the chord constituent tones are shifted and produced in response to the chord pressing.

If the result of the determination in step 44 is negative (N), the shift sound is not required, and step 48 is performed.
Then, it is determined whether or not there is a key-on event on the keyboard 12. If the result of this determination is affirmative (Y), the process moves to step 50,
The pitch data related to the key-on is output to the TG 16. As a result, a tone signal having a pitch corresponding to the pressed key and having a set tone color is generated from the TG 16, and this tone signal is sounded by the sound system 18 as a tone.

When the processing of step 46 or 50 is completed, the routine proceeds to step 52, and other processing (for example, processing such as tone color name display processing) is performed. Then, when the process of step 52 is completed or when the determination result of step 48 is negative (N), the process returns to step 42 and the subsequent processes are repeated.

FIG. 4 shows a subroutine of tone color setting processing. In step 60, it is judged whether or not there is an on event in the tone color selection operator corresponding to a new tone color different from the one already selected. This judgment result is negative (N)
If so, the process returns to the main routine of FIG.

If the determination result of step 60 is affirmative (Y), the process proceeds to step 62, where the tone color control data TC in the tone color data corresponding to the new selected tone color is read and output to the TG 16. As a result, in TG16,
The tone waveform corresponding to the waveform number data WN in the read data TC can be read out, and the attack time, decay time, sustain level and release time of the tone waveform can be read in the data AT and D in the read data TC, respectively.
The control becomes possible according to T, SL and RT, and the selected new timbre is set.

Next, at step 64, it is judged whether the flag data ZF in the tone color data corresponding to the selected new tone color is "1" (whether the shift tone color is necessary). If the result of this determination is affirmative (Y), the routine proceeds to step 66, where "1" is set in the register ZR. Then, the process proceeds to step 68, where Δ in the tone color data corresponding to the new selected tone color
The data of t, t _N and t _C are set in the registers R _t , R _N and R _C , respectively. After that, the process returns to the routine of FIG.

When the result of the determination in step 64 is negative (N), the process proceeds to step 70 and "0" is set in the register ZR. Then, the process returns to the routine of FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a key-on processing subroutine. In step 80, it is determined whether or not there is a key-on event on the keyboard 12. If the determination result is negative (N), the process returns to the routine of FIG.

When the result of the determination in step 80 is affirmative (Y), the process proceeds to step 82, and it is determined whether the instruction time T _N of the timer 28 is longer than the value of the register R _N (non-playing period t _N ). . If the determination result is affirmative (Y), the process proceeds to step 84 and the timer 28 is reset. Timer 2
After this, 8 measures the elapsed time from the key-on time of this time.

Next, at step 86, pitch data relating to key-on is output to the TG 16. As a result, a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the pressed key and having a set tone color is generated.

As an example, as shown in FIG. 7, key depression K ₁
If there is a key depression K ₂ after the elapse free play period t _N after the occurrence tone S ₁ corresponding within, K ₂ by the determination result are all affirmative (Y), and the step 86 of step 80 and 82 A corresponding tone S ₂ is generated.

After step 86, the timer 30 is reset at step 88 and then the routine returns to the routine of FIG. The timer 30 measures the elapsed time from the time when the subsequent musical sound S ₂ is generated.

[0037] When the determination result in step 82 is negative (N), for example after the depressed key K ₂ as shown in FIG. 7 D
It is when a chord key such as _m (D minor) is pressed, and the timer 28 is reset in step 90. After that, the timer 28 measures the elapsed time from the current key-on time.

After step 90, the process proceeds to step 92,
It is determined whether the designated time T _C of the timer 30 is shorter than the value of the register R _C (chord period t _C ). If the result of this determination is affirmative (Y), the routine proceeds to step 94, where the pitch data related to key-on is written in the buffer register BR. Then, the process returns to the routine of FIG.

As an example, as shown in FIG. 7, assuming that the key-on events of F, D, and A are detected in the order of this description in response to the chord pressing of D _m , the processing of step 94 is performed each time they are detected. As a result, the pitch data corresponding to F, D, and A are written in the buffer register BR in the order described.

When the determination result of step 92 is negative (N), for example, as shown in FIG. 7, after the generation of the musical sound S ₂ , a chord period t _C has elapsed and then a non-performance period t _N has elapsed. It is when there is a key depression such as K ₃ before, and the pitch data related to the key-on is output to the TG 16 in step 96. As a result, for example, a musical tone S ₃ having a pitch corresponding to the depressed key K ₃ and having a set tone color is generated.

After step 96, the timer 30 is reset in step 98, and the process returns to the routine of FIG. The timer 30 measures the elapsed time from the time when the subsequent musical sound S ₃ is generated.

[0042] After this, if there is depressed, such as K ₄ after the elapse free play period t _N from the generation time of the tone S ₃ is, K ₄ corresponding tone S ₄ are generated by the processing in step 86 .

FIG. 6 shows an interrupt routine executed at each time interval Δt. At step 100, it is judged whether or not there is pitch data in the buffer register BR. If the determination result is negative (N), the process returns to the routine of FIG.

The determination result of step 100 is positive (Y).
If it is, the process proceeds to step 102 and the register BR
Output the lowest note among the pitch data in the TG16,
The data is erased from the buffer register BR.

As an example, if the pitch data corresponding to F, D, and A is written in the buffer register BR as described above with reference to FIG. 7, the routine of FIG. 6 is executed every Δt. As shown in FIG. 7, the chord constituent tones D, F, and A of D _m are sequentially generated from the low pitched tone with the sound generation start timing being shifted by Δt.

In the above description, the tone color data V _{1 to} V _{1
Although n} is stored in the ROM 22 in advance, the player may arbitrarily input tone color data and / or tone waveform data so that the tone tone data and / or tone waveform data can be used for tone generation. Further, in step 102 of FIG. 6, sound generation may be started in order from the treble sound.

[0047]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to judge the necessity of the shifted pronunciation based on the stored data when selecting the tone color, and if necessary, it is possible to automatically shift the chord constituent tones, and unnecessary. In this case, since it is possible to automatically generate the chord constituent tones simultaneously, it is possible to obtain the effect that the optimum tone generation mode can be realized for each tone color without any manual operation such as a switch.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a storage format of tone color data.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a main routine.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of tone color setting processing.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of key-on processing.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine for each Δt.

FIG. 7 is a time chart for explaining a sounding operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: bass, 12: keyboard, 14: operator group, 16: tone generator, 18: sound system, 20: CP
U, 22: ROM, 24: RAM, 26, 28, 30:
First, second and third timers.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A storage means for storing (a) tone color control data and flag data indicating whether or not shifted tone generation is necessary for each tone color among a plurality of tone colors, and (b) any one of the plurality of tone colors. A tone color selection means for selecting one, (c) a sound generation instruction means for instructing the sounding of a plurality of tones constituting a desired chord, and (d) a sound source means capable of generating a tone signal having a set tone color. (E) tone color setting means for setting a tone color by supplying tone color control data corresponding to the selected tone color from the storage means to the tone generator means in response to the tone color selection by the tone color selecting means; In response to the tone color selection by the tone color selection means, it is determined whether or not the shift sound is required based on the flag data, and the control means controls the generation of a tone signal in the tone generator means according to the determination result. , The judgment result is positive In response to the sounding instruction by the sounding instructing means, the sound source means is controlled so as to generate a plurality of tone signals corresponding to the plurality of sounds at predetermined time intervals, and the determination result is negative. And an electronic musical instrument that controls the tone generator so as to generate a plurality of tone signals corresponding to the plurality of tones in response to the sounding instruction from the sounding instructing means.