JPH06111081A - Processing method for ic card - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a processing method for an IC card with compact shape and simple circuit configuration and capable of performing mutual data transmission between the card and a terminal. CONSTITUTION:Bidirectional communication between the IC card 2 and a card processor 1 can be performed on a single magnetic route formed by arranging the flat coil 40 of the IC card 2 at the gap part of a transmission coil 15 wound across a core provided with the gap of the card processor 1 in a method in which data transmission is performed between the IC card 2 and the card processor 1 with a noncontact electromagnetic system by inserting the IC card 2 provided with a data accumulation element and a data processing element to the card processor 1 provided with the same elements.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an IC card processing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a passive data carrier such as a hole, a metal insert, a visible or invisible optical code pattern, and a magnetic stripe has been widely used as a card for recording various data.

Meanwhile, advances in microelectronics have resulted in cards with microprocessors, ROMs and RAs.
It becomes possible to incorporate an active electronic circuit such as M, so that not only the data recorded on the card can be taken out to the terminal device (processing device), but also the data can be written from the terminal device to the card. IC cards that can be exchanged have appeared.

When this IC card is used, it is necessary to connect the card and the terminal by means of electrical mutual transmission means in order to supply power to the electronic circuit and exchange data. And as this electrical mutual transmission means, there is one that provides electrical contacts on both the card and the terminal.

However, the electrical contacts are liable to be unreliable since the electrical contacts are liable to cause contact failure due to contamination due to use of the card, and may be damaged when the card is bent.

Therefore, non-contact type transmission such as capacitive transmission, transmission by light or heat, transmission by modulation harmonics, and transmission by inductive system has been proposed. Some of these can be used for terminal-to-card transmission, but not for card-to-terminal transmission. because,
It requires a large space and cannot be installed on a memory card that conforms to the ISO standard, or it requires a special signal shaper composed of analog electronic components to convert the transmitted signal to its original form. Because it does.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and is an IC having a compact shape, a simple circuit configuration, and mutual data transmission between a card and a terminal.
It is intended to provide a card processing method.

[0008]

To achieve this object, according to the present invention, an IC card having a data storage element and a data processing element is inserted into a card processing device having the data storage element and the data processing element to perform the IC. In a method of performing non-contact electromagnetic data transmission between a card and the card processing device, a flat coil of the IC card is arranged in a gap portion of a transmission coil wound around a core having a gap of the card processing device. There is provided a method for processing an IC card, wherein bidirectional communication between the IC card and the card processing device is performed by a single magnetic route formed by the above.

[0009]

With the above structure, I
Mutual transmission of data including control commands can be performed between the C card and the processing device. Moreover, the IC card and the processing device are combined with the processing device by inserting the flat coil of the IC card into the gap portion of the core around which the transmission coil of the processing device is wound to form a single magnetic circuit. Exchange signals with each other.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 101 is a clock generator, which generates a 4.9152 MHz clock. On the other hand, this clock is amplified by the amplifier 102, given to the power transmission coil 103, and sent out to an IC card (not shown). The clock generated by the clock generator 101 is applied to the frequency dividing circuit 11, and two types of clocks of 300 Hz and 9.6 KHz are formed. Three
The clock of 00 Hz is given to the reset circuit 12 and serves as a timing signal when data transmission / reception is continuously performed a plurality of times. From the reset circuit 12 to the timing circuit 1
3, a reception data gate 18, a transmission data gate 14 and a data control circuit 17 of the processing device,
Also, the elements connected to each of these elements are reset. This reset can also be performed by detecting the insertion of the IC card.

Another clock of 9.6 KHz is a timing circuit 13 and a gate 1 for receiving data.
8, the transmission data gate 14 and the data control circuit 17, which serve as a reference for the operation timing of each of these elements. Data control circuit 1 in each of these elements
7 is a gate 1 for transmitting data from the memory 20
Control is performed by adding a start signal to the transmitter coil 15 via 4 and supplying the data from the data control circuit 17 from the Hall IC 16 to the display 19 via the reception data gate 18.

FIG. 2 shows the configuration of an IC card which is inserted into the processing apparatus of FIG. 1 and to which an electromagnetic field for power supply and clock is applied from the processing apparatus to perform data transmission with the processing apparatus.

The electromagnetic field having the clock frequency (4.9152 MHz) transmitted from the power transmission coil 103 of the processing device is received by the power reception coil 104, and the clock extraction circuit 10 is operated.
The clock signal is taken out by 5 and applied to the first frequency dividing circuit 31, and the power supply voltage + V is taken out by the rectifying circuit 106 to supply power to each circuit element.

The first frequency dividing circuit 31 has a frequency of 4.9152 MHz.
Of the clock signal is divided to form a clock signal of 153.6 KHz, and the waveform shaping circuit 32 and the second dividing circuit 3 are formed.
Give to 3. The waveform shaping circuit 32 takes out the start signal and gives it to the second frequency dividing circuit 33, and at the same time, takes out data from the clock signal and the data signal received by the Hall IC 34 and gives it to the data control circuit 35. The second frequency dividing circuit 33 forms a clock signal of 9.6 KHz from the clock signal of 153.6 KHz, and the end signal circuit 41, the timing circuit 36, and the transmission data gate 39.
And to the data control circuit 35.

The timing circuit 36 determines the operation timings of the data control circuit 35, the transmission data gate 39 and the end signal circuit 41 based on the clock signal of 9.6 KHz. The timing circuit 36 first operates the data control circuit 35 to activate the waveform shaping circuit 32.
The data received from the data control circuit 3 is supplied to the comparison circuit 37 and collated with the data stored in the memory 38.
5 and the transmission data gate 39 are operated to give the comparison result of the comparison circuit 37 to the transmission coil 40 via the transmission data gate 39 and send it to the processing device (FIG. 1).

After that, the timing circuit 36 operates the end signal circuit 41 to stop the operation of the second frequency dividing circuit 33.

Next, the emphasizing operation of the processing apparatus of FIG. 1 and the IC card of FIG. 2 will be described.

When the IC card is inserted into the processing device, an electromagnetic field having a clock frequency is applied from the power transmitting coil 103 of the processing device to the power receiving coil 104 of the IC card, whereby the IC card can supply power and generate a clock. Like

On the other hand, the card insertion detecting means (not shown) activates the reset circuit 12 to give a signal to the timing circuit 13, reset each circuit connected to the timing circuit 13, and activate the data control circuit 17. The data stored in the memory 20 is used as the transmission data gate 1
It sends out to the transmission coil 15 via 4.

At this time, the transmission data gate 14 adds a start signal to the beginning of the transmission data and transmits it.

The data sent out by the transmitting coil 15 is detected by the Hall IC 34 in the IC card and given to the waveform shaping circuit 32. Waveform shaping circuit 32
Detects the start signal added first in the received data signals and supplies the start signal to the second frequency dividing circuit 33 to start the operation of the second frequency dividing circuit 33. As a result, the second frequency dividing circuit 33 starts to output the clock of 9.6 KHz.

The waveform shaping circuit 32 subsequently gives a data signal to the data control circuit 35. In this state, the timing circuit 36 causes the data supplied to the data control circuit 35 to be supplied to the comparison circuit 37 and to be compared with the data from the memory 38. Then, the comparison result is taken out by the data control circuit 35.

After this, the timing circuit 36 opens the transmission data gate 39 and causes the data control circuit 35 to give the comparison result to the transmission coil 40.

The comparison result sent from the transmission coil 40 is received by the Hall IC 16 of the processing device and given to the data control circuit 17. At the time when this comparison result is given from the IC card, the timing circuit 13
Supplies the comparison result in the data control circuit 17 to the display 19 via the reception data gate 18 to display it.

This display is read by an inspector or a staff member, and an appropriate reception is performed for the IC card user.

FIG. 3 shows each circuit configuration of the power supply system and the data transmission / reception system of the processing device 1 and the IC card 2 shown in FIGS. It is assumed that the processing device 1 is on the left side and the IC card 2 is on the right side of the two-dot chain line in the center of the figure, and the IC card 2 is now inserted in the processing device 1.

First, regarding the power supply system, the RF oscillator 102 is based on the 4.9152 MHz clock signal from the clock signal generator 101, and the RF oscillator 102 is a plane coil 103 for power supply.
The harmonic power is supplied to. That is, the clock signal is H
, Then diode D ₁ turns off, D ₂ turns on and transistor Q ₁₁ turns on, thus turning Q ₂₁ on, while transistor Q ₁₂ turns off and therefore Q ₂₂ turns off.
Conversely, when the clock signal goes low, diode D ₁ turns on, D ₂ turns off and transistor Q ₁₁ turns off, thus turning Q ₂₁ off, while transistor Q ₁₂ turns on and therefore Q ₂₂ turns on. Become. As a result, FETQ
₂₃ turns on and off at 4.9125 MHz, coil 1
03 is energized.

As a result, a harmonic current is induced in the power receiving coil 104 of the IC card 2, and the induced current is taken out as a clock signal on the one hand, rectified by the diode D on the other hand, and passed through a smoothing circuit. It is given to the constant voltage circuit 106A and converted into a constant voltage output. This constant voltage output is supplied to each circuit in the IC card 2 through the noise removing circuit.

Next, the data transmission / reception system is as follows. First, the data transmission system from the IC card 2 to the processing device 1 will be described. When a data signal of 9600 BPS is given from the transmission data gate 39 to the output amplifier 40A, this data signal is transmitted through the inverter INV ₂ on the one hand. Applied to transistor Q ₂₈ , and directly to transistor Q ₂₇ .

As a result, the transistors Q ₂₇ and Q ₂₈ are turned on and off in opposite phases, and the data output coil 40 is energized in the forward and reverse directions. As a result, the coil 40 is in the forward direction,
A magnetic field in the opposite direction is generated, and this magnetic field is detected by the Hall element 16 of the processing device 1, and the transistor Q of the input amplifier 16A is detected.
_After being amplified at ₂₄ , it is sent to the data control circuit 17. The input amplifier 16A is provided with a variable resistor VR ₁ for adjusting the zero point of the Hall element 16 and a variable resistor VR ₂ for adjusting the gain of the input amplifier 16A.

Next, a data transmission system from the processing device 1 to the IC card 1 will be described. When 9600BPS data signal from the transmission data gate 14 to now output amplifier 15A is provided, the data signal is applied to the transistor Q ₂₅ via the inverter INV ₁ whereas, given directly to the transistor Q ₂₆ on the other hand.

As a result, the transistors Q ₂₅ and Q ₂₆ are turned on and off in opposite phases, and the data output coil 15 is energized in the forward and reverse directions. This causes the coil 15 to move forward,
A magnetic field in the opposite direction is generated, and this magnetic field is detected by the Hall element 34 of the IC card 2 and the transistor Q of the input amplifier 34A.
_{The signal} is amplified by ₂₉ and then output to the waveform shaping circuit 32. Similar input amplifier 16A of the processing apparatus 1 to the input amplifier 34A, the gain adjustment and the zero point adjustment of the Hall element is performed by the variable resistor VR _3, VR _4.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a state in which the IC card is mounted on the IC card processing apparatus according to the present invention to perform a processing operation. Here, the entire processing device 1 is not shown, and a power supply system including a power transmission coil 103 and power transmission circuits 101 and 102, a ferrite core,
A data transmission / reception system including a coil 15 and a Hall element 16 is shown as a representative of the processing device 1.

The power transmission coil 103 and the magnetic gap provided in the ferrite core are arranged so as to belong to the same plane, and the Hall element 16 is provided at the center of the end face of the ferrite core facing the magnetic gap. Corresponding to this, also in the IC card 2, the power receiving coil 104, the data input hall element 34, and the data output coil 40 are provided on the card surface.

When the IC card 2 is inserted into the processing device 1 at a predetermined position, the power supply system and the data transmission / reception system are connected to each other. That is, one magnetic circuit is formed for each of the power supply system and the data transmission / reception system.

6 to 10 are views for explaining another embodiment of the present invention, which will be described.

An electric signal, preferably a series of digital signals, is exchanged between the terminal and the card in the form of a magnetic state by a combination of a magnetic coil and a Hall sensor, and the magnetic signals are transmitted as a series of electrical signals without distortion. It is possible to return to the state. In the case of transmission between the two coils 15, 201 (FIG. 6), the signal is differentiated according to the law of induction and must therefore be restored by electronic circuitry.

On the other hand, the Hall sensor 202 supplies a voltage proportional to the magnetic field. The voltage reproduces the magnetic field by the coil 15 without distortion.

As shown in FIG. 7, the main components of the discriminator are the power source 204, the hall sensor 34, and the writing coil 40.
And logic circuits 207, 208, 209 and a memory. The power source 204 is a resonant circuit tuned to the frequency of the terminal and includes a rectifier and a voltage regulator. In another example, it may be replaced with a solar cell or a normal cell. The integrated circuit includes a counter 207, a shift register 208, and a comparator 209.
Including and The circuit on the card side can integrate the logic circuit memory including the Hall sensor into one integrated circuit. If the discriminator is a flat card, the resonant circuit of the power supply will be printed /
Most easily made by niching technology.

Directly above the Hall sensor is a flat write coil concentric with the Hall sensor. The parts of these identifying devices have a sandwich structure made of plastic or paper so that the contacts exposed to the outside can be eliminated.

As shown in FIG. 8, the most important unit in the terminal corresponds to the discriminator unit.
The terminal also has a writing coil 15, a hall sensor 16, a counter 212, and a shift register 213.

The magnetic transmission route is composed of an annular ferrite core. The magnetic transmission route is arranged in a set having a terminal, a coil of the card, and a hall sensor, as shown in FIG. 9 using an example of transmission from the terminal to the card.

The function of this ferrite core is to concentrate the magnetic field for higher efficiency and to avoid external magnetic fields which may interfere with transmission. The writing coil 15 in the terminal is wound directly on the ferrite core.

For signal transmission, the card is inserted into the terminal so that the Hall sensor 34 in the card terminates between the magnetic poles of the ferrite core. The Hall sensor 16 in the terminal is directly attached to the magnetic pole of the ferrite core, and is located on the write coil 40 or above the Hall sensor 40 of the card when the card is inserted into the terminal.

A rectangular electric signal is supplied to the write coil 15 wound around the ferrite core in the terminal, thereby generating a magnetic signal. The magnetic signal is received by the hall sensor 34. The magnetic signal received by the hall sensor 34 is converted into a rectangular electric signal. The rectangular electric signals received in series are converted into parallel rectangular signals by the shift register 220 in the card and then compared with a predetermined signal in the comparator.

If both signals are equal, then a response signal, y2 in this embodiment, which can be configured on demand, is provided.

When the discriminator is inserted into the terminal, a harmonic generator configured to supply power to the discriminator is operated to generate a harmonic field, and the harmonic field is generated. Pulses are obtained from the field at the terminal and discriminator (not shown).

When this device is stopped, the write coil 15 in the terminal is in the ON state, that is,
There is a magnetic field. When the start command is given, the magnetic field generated by the write coil 15 becomes zero.
The card detects the change in its magnetic field and triggers the generation of pulses in the discriminator. At the frequency of the pulse, the binary data stored in the terminal is sent in the form of magnetic pulses via the writing coil 15 in series byte by byte (1 byte is 8 bits) to the Hall sensor 34 of the card, The hall sensor 34 returns the electric signal.

The electrical signals are stored in series in the shift register 220 in the card, and after the transmission is completed (8 bits after each), the electrical signals and the data record stored in the card. Be compared. When all the transmissions are completed, the writing coil 15 of the terminal is set. If the data supplied by the terminal is the same as the recording in the card, a signal "Yes" (for example, 1 bit) is provided to the shift register 220 of the card, and the data supplied by the terminal is stored in the card. If it is not the same as the record, a signal "No" (eg 8 bits) is given to the shift register 220 of the card and sent by pulse to the terminal through the writing coil of the card and the Hall sensor 16 of the terminal, where it is processed. And display is performed.

FIG. 10 is a timing waveform diagram of signals in the card and the terminal. The signal on the upper side of FIG. 10 indicates a pulse common to the terminal and the card. In this embodiment, a series of signals containing 18 clock pulses is used for transmission and return.

It is twice as much as 8-bit data transmission in each case, 1 start bit and about 1 at the end of the transmission.
It consists of a bit length pause time. A start bit is always indicated for the transmitted data, immediately following the 8 data bits.

When the start bit is sent, the terminal is ready to receive a response signal of up to 8 bits length sent back by the card. For the card, a response signal is generated in the comparator after receiving the data. The comparator defines the type of response and at the same time activates the data transmitter of the card. When the response is over, an end signal is given. The end signal terminates the operation of the card's data transmitter and allows the card to receive the next data set.

[0054]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the control command and the data are transmitted and received between the terminal and the IC card in a non-contact manner using the single magnetic route, it is necessary to form the electrical contact on the card surface. Eliminates the risk of contact failure due to dirt on the card, which is a drawback of the conventional contact method, contact wear, and damage to electronic parts inside the card due to static electricity, and data can be exchanged even if the card is slightly bent Became.

Further, in the conventional non-contact system, the number of parts of the circuit increases and becomes complicated, and it tends to occupy the space of the card. However, since the magnetic route using the hall sensor and the plane coil is used for transmission and reception, The transmitter and receiver can be made smaller, and the Hall sensor and flat coil can be concentrically arranged
Since the microprocessor including the Hall sensor, the logic circuit and the memory can be integrated into one integrated circuit, the size can be further reduced.

Further, since the Hall sensor receives the magnetic signal, it can be converted into an electric signal without distortion, and the circuit operation is simplified without the need for analog electronic parts in the circuit, resulting in high reliability and a terminal with a wide range of applications. Both sides can exchange data between IC cards.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a card processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an IC card of the same.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a mutual relationship between the processing device and an IC card together with a circuit configuration.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which an IC card is placed on a processing device.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the IC card is placed on the processing device.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing an experimental comparison between coil to coil and coil to Hall sensor transmission.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a discriminator.

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a terminal.

FIG. 9 is a layout view of a ferrite core as a magnetic transmission route.

FIG. 10 is a timing waveform chart of signals in a terminal and a card.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Card Processing Device 2 IC Card 15,40 Data Output Coil 16,34 Hall Element 103 Power Transmission Coil 104 Power Reception Coil

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An IC card having a data storage element and a data processing element is inserted into a card processing device having the data storage element and the data processing element to provide a non-contact electromagnetic system between the IC card and the card processing device. In the method for transmitting data according to claim 1, the IC card is formed by a single magnetic route formed by disposing the flat coil of the IC card in a gap portion of a transmission coil wound around a core having a gap of the card processing device. A method of processing an IC card, wherein bidirectional communication between the card processing device and the card processing device is performed.