JPH0588675A - Automatic accompaniment device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To save a memory, simplify a work program for editing, and increase the processing speed by using a 1st storage memory for the editing accompanied by deletion and insertion or a 2nd storage means for storage and automatic performance. CONSTITUTION:A CPU 10 is connected to a ROM 12, a RAM 13, a keying detecting circuit 15, a switch detecting circuit 17, a display circuit 18, a timer 19, and a sound source circuit 20 through a bus 11. The ROM 12 is stored with an operation control program, timbre data, and preset accompaniment pattern data. The RAM 13 has a 1st storage area where performance data (automatic performance data) are stored by a solid system and a 2nd storage area where the performance data are stored by an event system. Automatic performance is carried out according to the storage contents of the 2nd storage area and the storage contents of the 1st storage area can be edited. The storage system of the 1st storage area is so constituted that an array of data and event generation timing correspond to each other.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment apparatus which internally stores accompaniment data and reads the data to automatically accompaniment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An automatic accompaniment apparatus having an automatic accompaniment memory and reading data stored in the memory to perform automatic accompaniment has been put into practical use. In such a device, the following two types have been put into practical use as a system for storing automatic accompaniment data.

Event system: It is composed of event data representing the type of event and timing data representing the timing of event occurrence (data representing the interval between preceding and following events or the number of clocks from a bar line). Since only the storage area for events that have occurred is sufficient,
There is an advantage that the amount of data (the amount of storage area) can be reduced. However, when adding new event data, it is necessary to shift the data after the addition position in order to insert new data. Further, when the timing data is data indicating an interval between events before and after the event, it is necessary to rewrite the timing data before and after the new event data. The same applies when deleting the event data that has already been written.

Solid system: A system in which memory addresses and event timings are in a one-to-one correspondence, and a predetermined number of events (for example, 8 events) at each clock timing.
The storage area for minutes is secured. Therefore, a large amount of memory is required regardless of the presence or absence of an event. But,
Since the address and the timing correspond to each other, the event data can only be inserted into the empty area when editing, and the event data can be deleted by deleting unnecessary data to make the storage area empty. It is extremely simple because it is sufficient.

In the automatic accompaniment data (rhythm pattern) creation, one accompaniment pattern is often finished by repeatedly adding a new event while repeatedly reproducing a fixed pattern in units of several measures. Although it is advantageous, if the data is stored as it is, a large amount of memory is used and the cost of the device increases. On the other hand, if the data is edited / saved by the event method, the memory is small but the processing becomes complicated. As described above, the solid method and the event method have advantages and disadvantages.

[0006]

However, in a conventional device for creating, storing, and reproducing accompaniment data, such as an automatic accompaniment device, only one of the systems has been adopted. Although the device that uses the event method saves memory, it has the disadvantage that the processing program becomes complicated and takes time to process.On the other hand, the device that uses the solid method has the advantage that the editing program is simple and the processing operation is fast. However, there was a drawback that the consumed memory became huge.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic accompaniment apparatus which solves the above problems by changing the recording method during editing and during storage (reproduction).

[0008]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, an event data storage area is allocated for every timing at which an event can be designated and one pattern of automatic accompaniment can be stored.
Storage means, second storage means capable of storing a plurality of patterns of automatic accompaniment by sequentially correlating the generated event data with the generation timing data thereof, and a writing means for writing performance data in the first storage means. A conversion writing means for converting the performance data of one pattern stored in the first storage means into generated event data and its generation timing data and writing the same in the second storage means; and the second storage means. And an automatic accompaniment means for executing the automatic accompaniment.

[0009]

The automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention has first storage means for storing performance data (automatic accompaniment data) in a so-called solid system and second storage means for storing performance data in an event system. .. The automatic accompaniment is executed based on the contents stored in the second storage means, and the data can be edited with respect to the contents stored in the first storage means. As described above, in the storage method of the first storage means, since the data array and the event occurrence timing correspond to each other, it is possible to use an editing program for inserting new event data or deleting written event data. The configuration can be simplified and the time required for the processing operation can be shortened. On the other hand, since the storage method of the second storage means can reduce the data amount, it is suitable for accumulating and storing the fixed performance data, and in the case of automatic accompaniment, it is sufficient to sequentially read this, so the processing is also simplified Is.

Therefore, the writing and editing of data is performed in the first storage means, and the storage and automatic accompaniment are performed in the second storage means.
By using the storage means, the processing program can be simplified and the memory can be saved.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An electronic musical instrument which is an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, two types of formats used in the electronic musical instrument for storing automatic accompaniment data will be described.

FIG. 1A is a diagram for explaining the event format. In the event method, timing data is stored corresponding to event data (note number, velocity, gate time). The note number is data indicating pitch, the velocity data is data indicating strength of sounding, and the gate time is data indicating sounding time. Timing data indicating the time from the bar line of the event occurrence timing is written at the beginning of each event data. However, when a plurality of events occur simultaneously, one piece of timing data is written in them. The note number, velocity, gate time, and timing data each consist of 1 byte, and the bar line data written for each 1-bar segment consists of 2 bytes.

On the other hand, FIG. 1B is a diagram for explaining the solid method. Solid method is for each timing (1/2 of quarter note)
An event data storage area for 8 events is provided for each 4). Event data is stored only in the storage area of the timing when the event actually occurs, and "NO OPERATION" is stored in other areas.
Is stored. For example, if the automatic accompaniment pattern is 2 bars, then 1536 event data storage areas are required for 4/4 time signatures. If the storage area required for one area is 3 bytes, it is 460
You need 8 bytes.

If the automatic accompaniment data is composed only of performance data of a rhythm instrument such as a drum or a hi-hat, the gate time is unnecessary. It is also possible to store the gate time only in the event method and not write the gate time in the solid method. In this case, the gate time of a predetermined value may be written uniformly during the conversion from the solid method to the event method.

Using such a data format,
When the accompaniment pattern as shown in FIG. 2 is stored, it becomes as shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 7A shows the case where this pattern is stored by the event method, and FIG. 8B shows the case where this pattern is stored by the solid method. In the event method, 92 bytes of this data can be stored.
That is, if the bar line data is 2 bytes x 2 pieces, 4 bytes,
The timing data is 1 byte × 16 pieces, 16 bytes, and the event data is 3 bytes × 24 pieces, 72 bytes.
On the other hand, in the solid method, 4608 bytes are required as described above regardless of the content of the pattern. The gate time data can be omitted because it is a pattern only for rhythm instruments, but even in that case, 3072 bytes are required. However, the event data can be inserted only by writing the data in an empty area at that timing in the case of the solid method, whereas in the event method, the time of occurrence of the event among the already written event data It is necessary to find the one immediately after that, shift the event data after this by 4 bytes, and write this event data and timing data.

Therefore, in this electronic musical instrument, data editing is performed by a solid method, and the data is converted into an event method to save the data or perform automatic accompaniment.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument which is an embodiment of the present invention. The operation of this electronic musical instrument is controlled by the CPU 10. The CPU 10 reads the ROM 1 via the bus 11.
2, RAM 13, key depression detection circuit 15, switch detection circuit 17, display circuit 18, timer 19 and tone generator circuit 20. The ROM 12 stores a program for controlling the operation of the electronic musical instrument, tone color data, and preset accompaniment pattern data. As shown in FIG. 5, the RAM 13 is provided with a custom creation area used during data editing and a custom pattern storage area 31 for storing custom pattern data 30 and accompaniment patterns edited by the user. The custom creation area 30 is a solid storage area as shown in FIG. 3B, and can store accompaniment patterns for two measures.
Further, the custom pattern storage area 31 (31-1-31-
n) is an event type storage area as shown in FIG. 3A, and accompaniment of two measures each corresponding to n types of styles (styles 1 to n) selectable by a style select switch described later. The pattern can be stored. The keyboard 14 is connected to the key depression detection circuit 15. The keyboard has a range of 61 keys (5 octaves). The key-depression detection circuit 14 detects on / off of each key on the keyboard and key-depression strength (velocity). A panel switch group 16 is connected to the switch detection circuit 17. The panel switch group 16 includes a style select switch group 16a for selecting an accompaniment style (rhythm type: rock, bossa nova, etc.), a custom program switch 16b for storing accompaniment data (custom style data) edited by the user, and erasing data. A cancel switch 16c to be operated at the time and an all clear switch 16d to be operated at the time of clearing the custom created area are included. The style select switch group 16a includes a switch for selecting a preset accompaniment style and a switch for selecting custom style data.
The switch detection circuit 17 detects the ON state of each of these switches. The display circuit 18 is a liquid crystal matrix display,
Display the selected accompaniment style name, tone name, etc.,
When editing an accompaniment pattern, the accompaniment pattern is displayed. The tone generator circuit 20 has a plurality of tone generation channels. This tone generation channel can independently form a tone signal. A sound system 21 is connected to the sound source circuit 20. Sound system 2
Reference numeral 1 amplifies the tone signal input from the tone generator circuit 20 and outputs it from a speaker or the like. The timer 19 generates a tempo clock signal at an instructed speed and inputs this tempo clock signal to the CPU 10.

6 to 10 are flowcharts showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 6 shows the main routine. When the power of this electronic musical instrument is turned on, the initializing operation is first executed. The initialization operation is an operation such as resetting a register or transmitting a preset tone color to the tone generator circuit. By this operation, the electronic musical instrument becomes playable, and then the panel switch processing (n2), the custom rhythm pattern creating processing (n3) and other processing (n
Repeat 4). Hereinafter, each operation will be described. The other processing (n4) is key pressing detection processing, automatic accompaniment processing operation, and the like.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing the timer interrupt operation. This operation is performed during automatic accompaniment (RUN =
The tempo clock signal input from the timer 19 in 1) is executed as an interrupt signal. Tempo clock signal is 1 /
It is generated in a 24-beat cycle. In this embodiment, since the accompaniment pattern is 2 bars (8 beats), the count number of one pattern is 192 (0 to 191). If RUN = 0, the mode is not returned because the automatic accompaniment mode is not set (n1).
0). If RUN = 1, tempo clock register T
TIM for each interrupt operation until IME becomes 191
E is incremented by 1 (n11 → n12), and 0 is added to TIME if TIME is 191 during interrupt operation
Is set (n11 → n13) and the process returns.

8 and 9 are flowcharts showing the panel switch processing operation.

First, it is determined whether or not the custom program switch 16b is turned on. When the custom program switch 16b is turned on, if RUN = 1, then RU
N is set to 0 (n22). If RUN = 0,
The currently selected STYL pattern data is converted from the event system to the solid system and copied to the custom created area (n23). Furthermore, set 0 to TIME,
RUN is set to 1 (n24). When the style select switch 16a is turned on, RUN is determined (n26). If RUN = 1, the pattern data of the custom created area is converted from the solid method to the event method and the selected STYL custom pattern area is selected. Save to. When RUN = 0, the number of the style select switch that is turned on is set to STYL (n2
8).

If the all clear switch 16d is turned on (n31), and if RUN = 1 and the cancel switch 16c is turned on at the same time, all the pattern data in the custom created area is erased (n33).
After this, a process (n34) corresponding to ON / OFF of other switches is executed, and then the process returns.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing the custom rhythm pattern creation processing operation. RUN with n40
It is determined whether or not = 1. When RUN = 0, the process directly returns. When RUN = 1, it is determined whether or not there is a key-on (n41). If there is a key-on, NOT the note number and velocity of that key
Set to E, VEL. Next, it is determined whether the cancel switches are turned on at the same time (n43). If it is turned on, all note numbers and their velocity data that match NOTE in the custom creation area are erased (n44). That is, in the case of a rhythm pattern for accompaniment,
Since the rhythm tone color (part) is specified by the note number, one part can be erased by this operation. On the other hand, if the cancel switches are not turned on at the same time, NOTE and VEL are written in the area of the timing corresponding to TIME of the custom creation area (n45). After this, all the data of the timing corresponding to TIME in the custom created area is read and output to the tone generator circuit (n4
6).

By the above operation, data is usually stored in the event system, and the data can be expanded and edited in the solid system custom creation area only at the time of editing. As a result, the custom-created area may be one area regardless of the number of registered patterns, which saves memory.

In this embodiment, rhythm is applied as the accompaniment pattern, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be applied to patterns such as bass and chords. In this case,
It suffices if the data stored in the solid method has data related to note-off such as gate time.

Further, in the present embodiment, only the note data is stored, but the present invention is not limited to this, and data other than the note data such as volume data and tempo data may be stored together with the note data. ..

Further, when creating an accompaniment pattern in the custom creation area, it may be created from the beginning, or a preset accompaniment pattern may be read and edited to create a new accompaniment pattern. In either case, the accompaniment pattern created can be stored in the custom pattern storage area.

[0029]

As described above, according to the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention, the first storage means is used during editing accompanied by deletion and insertion, and the second storage means is used for storage and automatic performance. The memory can be saved and the work program at the time of editing can be simplified and the processing speed can be increased.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a data format used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a data format used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a data format used in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a partial configuration of a memory of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An automatic accompaniment method for allocating an event data storage area for every timing at which an event can be designated.
A first storage means capable of storing a pattern portion; a second storage means capable of storing a plurality of patterns of automatic accompaniment by sequentially correlating generated event data and its generation timing data; Writing means for writing performance data to the means, and conversion of one pattern of performance data stored in the first storage means into generated event data and generation timing data thereof, and writing into the second storage means An automatic accompaniment apparatus comprising: a writing unit; and an automatic accompaniment unit that reads the stored contents of the second storage unit and executes an automatic accompaniment.