JPH0574054B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0574054B2 JPH0574054B2 JP57158671A JP15867182A JPH0574054B2 JP H0574054 B2 JPH0574054 B2 JP H0574054B2 JP 57158671 A JP57158671 A JP 57158671A JP 15867182 A JP15867182 A JP 15867182A JP H0574054 B2 JPH0574054 B2 JP H0574054B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fiberscope
- deformable member
- deformable
- image fiber
- resistance heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/26—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes using light guides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
- A61B1/0058—Flexible endoscopes using shape-memory elements
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
- Endoscopes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は、多数のフアイバ素線を整列状態に
束ねて直接画像を伝送するイメージフアイバを利
用したフアイバスコープ、特に形状記憶合金を使
用することにより、先端部分を自在に屈曲又は伸
縮できるようにしたフアイバスコープに関するも
のである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] This invention relates to a fiberscope that uses an image fiber that bundles a large number of fibers in an aligned state and directly transmits an image, and in particular uses a shape memory alloy. This invention relates to a fiberscope whose distal end portion can be freely bent or expanded/contracted.
イメージフアイバを利用したフアイバスコープ
においては、例えば胃の内視鏡のように、先端の
撮像部を外部からの操作により屈曲して向きを変
えたり、或いは光学系の焦点距離を合わせるため
長さ方向に伸縮させる必要があることが多い。そ
のため、従来は第１図に示すように、イメージフ
アイバ１の周りに多数の節輪２を挿通し、各節輪
２相互をその中央部に設けた球面支点部３で突き
合わせ、各節輪２に挿通した操作ワイヤ４によ
り、イメージフアイバ１を屈曲するようにしてい
た。
In a fiberscope that uses an image fiber, for example, as in a gastric endoscope, the imaging section at the tip can be bent by external operation to change the direction, or it can be moved in the longitudinal direction to adjust the focal length of the optical system. It is often necessary to expand and contract. Therefore, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 1, a large number of nodal rings 2 are inserted around an image fiber 1, and each nodal ring 2 is abutted against each other at a spherical fulcrum 3 provided in the center. The image fiber 1 was bent by a manipulation wire 4 inserted through the holder.
上述のごとき構成をもつたフアイバスコープ
は、節輪２を使用するため太くなる欠点があると
共に、ワイヤ４の摩擦力が長さの増加に従つて累
積されるため制御可能な距離は２〜数ｍ以内であ
り、それ以上に長いフアイバスコープの場合には
使用できない欠点があつた。
The fiberscope with the above-mentioned configuration has the disadvantage that it becomes thicker due to the use of the joint ring 2, and the frictional force of the wire 4 accumulates as the length increases, so the controllable distance is only two to several. The fiberscope had a disadvantage that it could not be used with longer fiberscopes.
一方、最近はイメージフアイバの新しい製造方
法が開発され、極めて細く且つ長いフアイバスコ
ープの制作が可能となつているが、その応用分野
を広げるために、前述のごとき欠点を解消し、新
しいフアイバスコープに適した先端駆動手段の開
発が必要となつている。 On the other hand, recently, a new manufacturing method for image fibers has been developed, making it possible to produce extremely thin and long fiberscopes.In order to expand the field of application, the above-mentioned drawbacks have been resolved and new fiberscopes have been developed. There is a need to develop suitable tip drive means.
この発明は、上記のような要請に応え得る先端
駆動手段を備えたフアイバスコープを提供するこ
とを目的としている。 An object of the present invention is to provide a fiberscope equipped with a tip driving means that can meet the above-mentioned demands.
前述のごとき課題を解決しその目的を達成する
ために、この出願の第１発明は、イメージフアイ
バを挿通したフアイバスコープ本体に形状記憶合
金でなる変形部材を装着し、その変形部材に加熱
手段を設けてなるフアイバスコープにおいて、上
記変形部材が線状に形成され、かつ上記イメージ
フアイバと並行で、上記フアイバスコープ本体の
中心まわりに90度の間隔をおいて４本組込まれ、
上記加熱手段は抵抗発熱線により形成され、かつ
上記各変形部材に沿つて配置されている構成とし
たものである。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the object, the first invention of this application is to attach a deformable member made of a shape memory alloy to a fiberscope main body into which an image fiber is inserted, and to provide a heating means to the deformable member. In the fiberscope provided, the deformable member is formed in a linear shape, and four deformable members are installed in parallel with the image fiber at 90 degree intervals around the center of the fiberscope body,
The heating means is formed of a resistance heating wire and is arranged along each of the deformable members.
また、第２の発明は、イメージフアイバを挿通
したフアイバスコープ本体に形状記憶合金でなる
変形部材を装着し、その変形部材に加熱手段を設
けてなるフアイバスコープにおいて、上記変形部
材をらせん形に形成し、そのらせん形状に沿つた
抵抗発熱線を設け、これらを伸縮性ある筒体内に
組込み、その筒体をフアイバスコープ本体の先端
に固着した構成としたものである。 Further, a second invention is a fiberscope in which a deformable member made of a shape memory alloy is attached to a fiberscope main body through which an image fiber is inserted, and a heating means is provided on the deformable member, in which the deformable member is formed into a spiral shape. However, a resistance heating wire is provided along the spiral shape, and these are assembled into a stretchable cylinder, and the cylinder is fixed to the tip of the fiberscope main body.
第２図に示す実施例は、先端部の屈曲手段を備
えたフアイバスコープである。このフアイバスコ
ープ１０は、第３図に示すように、断熱材でなる
フアバスコープ本体１１の内部に、その長さ方向
にイメージフアイバでなる画像伝送部１２とこれ
に並行した照明光伝送部１３を一体に組込み、更
にこれらと並行に薬品注送用孔１４及び鉗子挿通
用孔１５を設けたものである。また、上記本体１
１の外周壁に近い部分に、それぞれ中心から90度
づつ円周方向の間隔をおいて線状の４本の変形部
材１６を上記各部と並行に組込み一体化してい
る。これらの変形部材１６は、Au−Cd、In−Tl
等の組成をもつた形状記憶合金でなる。第３図に
おいて左右一対の変形部材１６に沿つて抵抗発熱
線１６′は、その先端において結線１７（第２図
参照）によつて電気的に接続されると共に、スイ
ツチ１８を介して直流電源１９に対し直列に接続
されている。スイツチ１８の投入により、左右一
対の変形部材１６に沿つた抵抗発熱線１６′に通
電され、その発熱により該変形部材１６が加熱さ
れる。また上下一対の変形部材１６に沿つた抵抗
発熱線１６′も、先端において結線１７によつて
接続されると共に、スイツチ１８′を介して他の
直流電源１９′に対し、直列に接続されている。
スイツチ１８′の投入により、左右一対の変形部
材１６に沿つた抵抗発熱線１６に通電され、その
発熱により該変形部材１６が加熱される。
The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is a fiberscope with bending means at the tip. As shown in FIG. 3, this fiberscope 10 integrates an image transmission section 12 made of an image fiber and an illumination light transmission section 13 parallel to it in the length direction of a fiberscope body 11 made of a heat insulating material. In addition, a drug injection hole 14 and a forceps insertion hole 15 are provided in parallel with these. In addition, the main body 1
Four linear deformable members 16 are integrated into a portion near the outer peripheral wall of 1, parallel to each of the above-mentioned portions, spaced apart from each other by 90 degrees from the center in the circumferential direction. These deformable members 16 are Au-Cd, In-Tl
It is made of a shape memory alloy with the following composition. In FIG. 3, the resistance heating wires 16' along the pair of left and right deformable members 16 are electrically connected at their tips by a connection 17 (see FIG. 2), and connected to a DC power source 19 via a switch 18. connected in series with. When the switch 18 is turned on, the resistance heating wires 16' extending along the pair of left and right deformable members 16 are energized, and the deformable members 16 are heated by the heat generated. Further, the resistance heating wires 16' extending along the pair of upper and lower deformable members 16 are also connected at their ends by a connection 17, and are also connected in series to another DC power source 19' via a switch 18'. .
When the switch 18' is turned on, the resistance heating wires 16 along the pair of left and right deformable members 16 are energized, and the deformable members 16 are heated by the heat generated.
上記の左右一体の変形部材１６は、矢印ａで示
すように、常温において上向きにわん曲し、加熱
によつて変態温度に達すると、その記憶形状、す
なわち下向きにわん曲し、再び常温に戻ると上向
きにわん曲する性質を有する。また、上下一対の
変形部材１６は、矢印ｂで示すように、上記の場
合と同様に変形する性質を有する。 The above-mentioned left and right integrated deformable member 16 curves upward at room temperature as shown by arrow a, and when it reaches the transformation temperature by heating, it bends downward to its memorized shape and returns to room temperature again. It has the property of curving upward. Further, the pair of upper and lower deformable members 16 have the property of deforming as shown by the arrow b in the same manner as in the above case.
これらの変形部材１６の変形力は、本体１１、
画像伝送部１２及び照明光伝送部１３のイメージ
フアイバ、並びに通電されない他の一対の変形部
材１６の曲げ強度よりも大きい力を発揮するよう
構成される。 The deforming force of these deformable members 16 is the main body 11,
It is configured to exert a force larger than the bending strength of the image fibers of the image transmission section 12 and the illumination light transmission section 13 and the other pair of deformable members 16 that are not energized.
したがつて、スイツチ１８を閉じて抵抗発熱線
１６′の発熱により一対の変形部材１６を加熱す
ると、フアイバスコープ１０は、例えば第２図の
一点鎖線で示すように変形する。また、その変形
量は、変形部材１６に常温で加える荷重の大きさ
によつて自由に決めることができる。 Therefore, when the switch 18 is closed and the pair of deformable members 16 are heated by the heat generated by the resistance heating wire 16', the fiberscope 10 is deformed, for example, as shown by the dashed-dotted line in FIG. Further, the amount of deformation can be freely determined depending on the magnitude of the load applied to the deformable member 16 at room temperature.
以上述べた実施例は、フアイバスコープ本体１
４の長さ方向に線状の変形部材１６を組込み、フ
アイバスコープ１０を半径方向にわん曲するよう
にしたものであるが、第５図に示す他の実施例
は、フアイバスコープ１０の先端部を長さ方向に
伸縮できるようにしたものである。 In the embodiment described above, the fiberscope main body 1
A linear deformable member 16 is incorporated in the length direction of the fiberscope 10 to bend the fiberscope 10 in the radial direction.In another embodiment shown in FIG. It is made to be able to expand and contract in the length direction.
すなわち、イメージフアイバ２０を組込んだフ
アイバスコープ本体２１の先端に伸縮性ある筒体
２２を固着すると共に、その筒体２２の先端にレ
ンズホルダ２３を固着し、そのホルダ２３にレン
ズ２４を装着している。 That is, an elastic cylindrical body 22 is fixed to the tip of a fiberscope main body 21 in which an image fiber 20 is incorporated, a lens holder 23 is fixed to the tip of the cylindrical body 22, and a lens 24 is attached to the holder 23. ing.
上記の伸縮性ある筒体２２の内部には、らせん
形の変形部材２５を一体に組込んでいる。変形部
材２５は形状記憶合金をパイプ状に形成し、その
内部にニクロム線等の抵抗発熱線２６を挿入して
ある。変形部材２５は常温において長さ方向に伸
長状態にあり、加熱によつて収縮する性質を有す
る。 A spiral deformable member 25 is integrally incorporated inside the elastic cylinder 22. The deformable member 25 is formed of a shape memory alloy into a pipe shape, into which a resistance heating wire 26 such as a nichrome wire is inserted. The deformable member 25 has the property of being elongated in the length direction at room temperature and contracting when heated.
したがつて、通電によつて変形部材２５を加熱
すると、レンズ２４とイメージフアイバ２０間の
間隔ｄを変化させ、レンズ２４の焦点距離を調節
することができる。 Therefore, when the deformable member 25 is heated by energization, the distance d between the lens 24 and the image fiber 20 can be changed, and the focal length of the lens 24 can be adjusted.
なお、上記の伸縮性の筒体２２に替え、この筒
体自体を形状記憶合金により蛇腹形の筒体に形成
し、その筒体に抵抗発熱線を組込むか又は沿わせ
ることによつても、上記の場合と同様にフアイバ
スコープ１０の先端を長さ方向に伸縮させること
ができる。 In addition, instead of the above-mentioned elastic cylinder 22, this cylinder itself can be formed into a bellows-shaped cylinder using a shape memory alloy, and a resistance heating wire can be incorporated into or run along the cylinder. As in the above case, the tip of the fiberscope 10 can be expanded and contracted in the length direction.
以上述べたように、この出願の第１及び第２発
明は、いずれも形状記憶合金でなる変形部材をフ
アイバスコープ本体に装着し、その変形部材に加
熱手段を設けた構成とすることにより、フアイバ
スコープの径が太くなることがなく、また変形部
材を電気的に制御することができるため、従来の
ように機械的に制御するものに比べて、制御距離
がはるかに長くなる効果がある。
As described above, the first and second inventions of this application both have a configuration in which a deformable member made of a shape memory alloy is attached to the fiberscope main body, and a heating means is provided on the deformable member. Since the diameter of the scope does not increase and the deformable member can be electrically controlled, the control distance is much longer than conventional mechanical control.
また、第１発明の場合は、変形部材及び加熱手
段が線形であり、かつフアイバスコープ本体の中
心まわりに90度の間隔をおいて４本組込んでいる
ので、その対向する一対の変形部材に対し、加熱
によつて変態温度に達するとそれぞれ一定の方向
にわん曲する記憶形状をもたせることにより、フ
アイバスコープを２方向にわん曲させることがで
きる。 In addition, in the case of the first invention, the deformable member and the heating means are linear, and four are installed around the center of the fiberscope body at 90 degree intervals, so that the pair of deformable members facing each other On the other hand, the fiberscope can be bent in two directions by giving it a memorized shape that bends in a fixed direction when the transformation temperature is reached by heating.
また、第２発明の場合は、らせん形の変形部材
に対し、加熱によつて変態温度に達すると収縮す
る記憶形状をもたせることにより、フアイバスコ
ープの先端部分を伸縮させることができる。 Further, in the case of the second invention, the tip portion of the fiberscope can be expanded and contracted by giving the spiral deformable member a memorized shape that contracts when the transformation temperature is reached by heating.
第１図は従来のイメージフアイバ屈曲機構の断
面図、第２図はこの発明の一実施例を示すフアイ
バスコープの斜視図、第３図はその変形例の断面
図、第４図は他の実施例の一部断面図である。
１０……フアイバスコープ、１１……フアイバ
スコープ本体、１２……画像伝送部、１６……変
形部材、１６′……抵抗発熱線、１７……結線、
１９……直流電源、２０……イメージフアイバ、
２１……フアイバスコープ本体、２２……筒体、
２５……変形部材、２６……抵抗発熱線。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a conventional image fiber bending mechanism, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a fiberscope showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a modification thereof, and FIG. 4 is another embodiment. It is a partial cross-sectional view of an example. 10... Fiberscope, 11... Fiberscope body, 12... Image transmission section, 16... Deformable member, 16'... Resistance heating wire, 17... Connection,
19...DC power supply, 20...Image fiber,
21... Fiberscope body, 22... Cylindrical body,
25... Deformable member, 26... Resistance heating wire.
Claims (1)
プ本体に形状記憶合金でなる変形部材を装着し、
その変形部材に加熱手段を設けてなるフアイバス
コープにおいて、上記変形部材は線状に形成さ
れ、かつ上記イメージフアイバと並行で、上記フ
アイバスコープ本体の中心まわりに90度の間隔を
おいて４本組込まれ、上記加熱手段は変形部材と
は別体の抵抗発熱線により形成され、かつ上記各
変形部材に沿つて配置されていることを特徴とす
るフアイバスコープ。 ２ イメージフアイバを挿通したフアイバスコー
プ本体に形状記憶合金でなる変形部材を装着し、
その変形部材に加熱手段を設けてなるフアイバス
コープにおいて、上記変形部材をらせん形に形成
し、そのらせん形状に沿つた抵抗発熱線を設け、
これらを伸縮性ある筒体内に組込み、その筒体を
フアイバスコープ本体の先端に固着してなるフア
イバスコープ。[Claims] 1. A deformable member made of a shape memory alloy is attached to a fiberscope body into which an image fiber is inserted,
In a fiberscope in which the deformable member is provided with a heating means, the deformable member is formed into a linear shape, and four pieces are installed in parallel with the image fiber at 90 degree intervals around the center of the fiberscope main body. The fiberscope is characterized in that the heating means is formed by a resistance heating wire separate from the deformable members, and is arranged along each of the deformable members. 2 Attach a deformable member made of shape memory alloy to the fiberscope body through which the image fiber is inserted,
In a fiberscope in which the deformable member is provided with a heating means, the deformable member is formed into a spiral shape, and a resistance heating wire is provided along the spiral shape,
A fiberscope is made by incorporating these into a stretchable cylindrical body and fixing the cylindrical body to the tip of the fiberscope body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57158671A JPS5948710A (en) | 1982-09-10 | 1982-09-10 | Fiber scope |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57158671A JPS5948710A (en) | 1982-09-10 | 1982-09-10 | Fiber scope |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5948710A JPS5948710A (en) | 1984-03-21 |
| JPH0574054B2 true JPH0574054B2 (en) | 1993-10-15 |
Family
ID=15676813
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57158671A Granted JPS5948710A (en) | 1982-09-10 | 1982-09-10 | Fiber scope |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5948710A (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5997115A (en) * | 1982-11-27 | 1984-06-04 | Shigeo Hirose | Cord-like active body |
| US4944727A (en) * | 1986-06-05 | 1990-07-31 | Catheter Research, Inc. | Variable shape guide apparatus |
| US4601705A (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1986-07-22 | Mccoy William C | Steerable and aimable catheter |
| DE3443337A1 (en) * | 1984-11-28 | 1986-05-28 | Richard Wolf Gmbh, 7134 Knittlingen | INSTRUMENT FOR THE EXAMINATION AND TREATMENT OF BODY CHANNELS |
| JPH0228490Y2 (en) * | 1984-12-03 | 1990-07-31 | ||
| JPH0741018B2 (en) * | 1986-06-12 | 1995-05-10 | オリンパス光学工業株式会社 | Endoscope |
| JPH0744922B2 (en) * | 1986-11-19 | 1995-05-17 | オリンパス光学工業株式会社 | Medical tube |
| EP0383914B1 (en) * | 1987-10-02 | 1994-12-14 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Catheter |
| US4930494A (en) * | 1988-03-09 | 1990-06-05 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for bending an insertion section of an endoscope using a shape memory alloy |
| JPH01178001U (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1989-12-20 | ||
| JPH0433799A (en) * | 1990-05-30 | 1992-02-05 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for cutting bead of plated steel tube |
| JPH05184526A (en) * | 1991-09-17 | 1993-07-27 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Bending mechanism for flexible tube |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50141187A (en) * | 1974-03-01 | 1975-11-13 | ||
| JPS57139360A (en) * | 1981-02-24 | 1982-08-28 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | After-loading apparatus |
| JPS57164034A (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1982-10-08 | Olympus Optical Co | Flexible tube for endoscope |
| JPS5825140A (en) * | 1981-08-05 | 1983-02-15 | オリンパス光学工業株式会社 | Endoscope curving apparatus by memory metal |
| JPS592344B2 (en) * | 1978-09-11 | 1984-01-18 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Impurity concentration measurement device in sodium |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58101601U (en) * | 1981-12-29 | 1983-07-11 | 株式会社町田製作所 | Endoscope |
| JPS592344U (en) * | 1982-06-29 | 1984-01-09 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Medical tube tip operating device |
-
1982
- 1982-09-10 JP JP57158671A patent/JPS5948710A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50141187A (en) * | 1974-03-01 | 1975-11-13 | ||
| JPS592344B2 (en) * | 1978-09-11 | 1984-01-18 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Impurity concentration measurement device in sodium |
| JPS57139360A (en) * | 1981-02-24 | 1982-08-28 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | After-loading apparatus |
| JPS57164034A (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1982-10-08 | Olympus Optical Co | Flexible tube for endoscope |
| JPS5825140A (en) * | 1981-08-05 | 1983-02-15 | オリンパス光学工業株式会社 | Endoscope curving apparatus by memory metal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5948710A (en) | 1984-03-21 |
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