JPH0571730B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0571730B2 JPH0571730B2 JP31897487A JP31897487A JPH0571730B2 JP H0571730 B2 JPH0571730 B2 JP H0571730B2 JP 31897487 A JP31897487 A JP 31897487A JP 31897487 A JP31897487 A JP 31897487A JP H0571730 B2 JPH0571730 B2 JP H0571730B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- artificial lightweight
- reduced
- lightweight soil
- foaming agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Description
《産業上の利用分野》
この発明は、人工軽量土に関し、特に、地盤改
良や土構造物の構築に用いられる人工軽量土に関
する。
《従来の技術》
従来、盛土、擁壁背面の埋戻し土、締切工内の
中詰土など土構造物の構築には、自然土や産業副
産物またはこれらに固化剤を混合して強度を高め
たものを投入する方法が採用されていた。
また、地盤改良工法としては、各種の方法が提
供されているが、代表的なものを例示すると、地
盤の圧密化を促進させる方法、固化剤を地盤に混
合撹拌したりあるいは注入する方法など、地盤の
強度を高める方法が主流となつていた。
しかしながら、これらの工法では、いずれも土
構造物や改良地盤の強度の増大だけを目指してい
たので、以下に説明する問題があつた。
《発明が解決しようとする問題点》
すなわち、自然土あるいは産業副産物（フライ
アツシユ、高炉セメントなど）を圧密、圧縮、固
化剤の注入・撹拌などの処理を行いその強度を高
めると、これらの単位体積重量は、当初の自然土
あるいは産業副産物の単位体積重量と同等若しく
はそれ以上になる。
一方、土の単位体積重量は、例えば、構造物の
沈下、変形、安定に密接な関係があつて、これが
あまり大きくなり過ぎると、盛土や基礎地盤の大
幅な沈下や破壊に直結したり、土留壁、仮締切壁
に作用する土圧が大きくなる。
従つて、従来の土構造物の施工や基礎地盤改良
では、盛土材や改良基礎地盤の強度の増大のみを
考慮していたので、基礎地盤土留壁、仮締切壁の
安定を確保するのがたいへんであつた。
この発明はこのような従来の問題点に鑑みてな
されたものであり、その目的とするところは、盛
土や基礎地盤の安定性を高め、土留壁、仮締切壁
に作用する土圧を軽減できる人工軽量土を提供す
ることにある。
《問題点を解決するための手段》
上記目的を達成するために、この発明は、砂質
土や粘性土などの自然土やフライアツシユ、高炉
スラグなどの産業副産物単独若しくはこれらの混
合物と、気泡を発生する発泡剤若しくは起泡剤を
発泡させた気泡と、固結剤とからなり、これらを
混合撹拌することを特徴とし、必要に応じて、高
炉膨脹スラグ、軽量骨材などの軽量化材およびま
たは気泡の安定化と施工性を確保するために粘結
材を添加し、盛土材、斜面被覆材、基礎地盤置換
土、ケーソンや締切工の中詰土、土留壁、擁壁、
仮締切壁背面埋め戻し土、路床置換土などに使用
される。
《作用》
上記構成の人工軽量土によれば、気泡を発生す
る発泡剤若しくは起泡剤を発泡させた気泡が混入
されているので、軽量土の単位体積重量が発泡剤
ないしは気泡の混入率に応じて低下し、盛土や基
礎地盤の安定性が向上するとともに、土留壁など
に作用する土圧も低減される。
《実施例》
以下、この発明の好適な実施例について添付図
面を参照にして詳細に説明する。
第１図および第２図は、この発明にかかる人工
軽量土の一実施例を示している。
同図に示す実施例では、人工軽量土を盛土に使
用した場合を例示しており、人工軽量土Ａは基礎
地盤１０の置換部分１２と盛土部分１４との２個
所に用いられている。
人工軽量土Ａは第２図に示す方法で作製され
る。
同図に示す人工軽量土Ａの作製方法では、自然
土として基礎地盤１０の掘削土Ｂが用いられ、こ
れに起泡剤、例えば、界面活性剤、動物性加水分
解蛋白質を水に溶解した水溶液Ｃを、圧縮空気と
ともに発泡器１６に供給して、起泡剤を発泡させ
た気泡Ｄと、固結剤Ｅ、例えばセメントスラリー
とを、連続式のミキサ１８に投入し、ミキサ１８
でこれらを混合撹拌して作製される。
このような方法で作製された人工軽量土Ａは、
ベルトコンベア２０で、基礎地盤１０を凹状に開
削した部分に投入され、上記置換部分１２が造成
され、この後に置換部分１２の上方に盛土部分１
４が構築される。
なお、人工軽量土Ａに使用できるのは、上記掘
削土Ｂだけでなく、他の場所から運搬された砂質
土や粘性土などの自然土、あるいは、フライアツ
シユ、高炉スラグなどの産業副産物を単独または
適宜混合して使用することもできる。
また、気泡Ｄに代えて、無機系の発泡剤、例え
ばアルミニウム粉末や過酸化水素系の発泡剤も使
用でき、これらを用いる場合には、発泡器１６は
必要とせず、発泡剤を掘削土Ｂと固結剤Ｅと混合
撹拌するだけで人工軽量土Ａが得られる。
さらに、軽量化の促進とコストダウンとを考え
ると、人工軽量土Ａに多孔質の高炉急冷スラグ、
高炉膨脹スラグなどの軽量化材を混入させること
が推奨され、軽量土Ａの設計仕様に応じた圧縮強
度、剪断強度の確保は固結剤Ｅとしてのセメン
ト、フライアツシユ、高炉スラグ微粉末、石灰な
どを単独若しくは組み合わせて行われる。
さらにまた、施工に必要な流動性の確保や、水
中での分離を抑制するためには、例えば、高分子
系のセルロースエーテルなどの粘結剤を添加すれ
ば良い。
透水性が必要な場合には、固結剤Ｅの単位水量
を減じれば良い。
また、人工軽量土Ａは、予め混合撹拌して、例
えば、ダンプカーで施工現場まで運搬しても良
い。
さて、以上のように構成された本発明の人工軽
量土Ａを基礎地盤１０の置換部分１２や盛土部分
１４に用いると、人工軽量土Ａに気泡Ｄが混入さ
れているので、気泡Ｄが混入された分だけ単位体
積重量が低下し、基礎地盤１０に作用する重量が
軽減され、その安定性が増加する。
また、人工軽量土Ａには、固結剤Ｅも含まれて
いるので、置換部分１２や盛土部分１４の剪断強
度も向上し、これによつても全体の安定性が向上
する。
さらに、置換部分１２と盛土部分１４の重量が
軽減され、基礎地盤１０の圧密沈下量が低減され
るとともに、置換部分１２および盛土部分１４自
体の圧密沈下量も少なくなる。
このような作用により、本発明の人工軽量土Ａ
を用いると、盛土部分１４の傾斜を急勾配にでき
るとともに、置換部分１２の幅も低減できるの
で、工期、工費の面で有利になる。
第３図および第４図は、本発明にかかる人工軽
量土の作用効果を確認するために行つた実験結果
を示している。
この実験では、対象土として、山砂（千葉県佐
原産、含水比26.1％、単位体積重量γt＝1.72）と
粘土（羽田沖旧海底粘土、含水比102.8％、単位
体積重量γt＝1.40）とを準備し、これに固結剤と
して普通ポルトランドセメントスラリー（水セメ
ント比1.0）と、コンクリート用の発泡剤（花王
石鹸株式会社製、Emal Ｄ−３−Ｄ商品名）と気
泡シールド用の起泡剤（第１化成産業株式会社
製、DOフオームＤ商品名）とをそれぞれ以下の
表１に示す割合いで添加し、これらを混合撹拌し
て、円柱状の供試体を作製し、それぞれの材令３
日後と７日後の強度と単位体積重量とを測定し
た。
<<Industrial Application Field>> The present invention relates to artificial lightweight soil, and particularly to artificial lightweight soil used for ground improvement and construction of earth structures. 《Conventional technology》 Traditionally, when constructing earth structures such as embankments, backfilling soil behind retaining walls, and filling soil in cofferdams, natural soil, industrial by-products, or solidifying agents are mixed with these materials to increase strength. The method used was to throw in the materials. In addition, various methods are provided as ground improvement methods, and representative examples include methods of promoting consolidation of the ground, methods of mixing and stirring or injecting a solidifying agent into the ground, etc. The mainstream method was to increase the strength of the ground. However, since all of these construction methods aimed only at increasing the strength of the earth structure or improved ground, they had the following problems. [Problem to be solved by the invention] In other words, if natural soil or industrial by-products (fly ash, blast furnace cement, etc.) are strengthened by consolidation, compression, injection of solidifying agents, stirring, etc., the unit volume of these materials can be increased. The weight is equal to or greater than the unit volume weight of the original natural soil or industrial by-product. On the other hand, the unit volume weight of soil is closely related to, for example, the subsidence, deformation, and stability of structures, and if it becomes too large, it may directly lead to significant subsidence or destruction of embankments and foundations, or earth retention. Earth pressure acting on walls and cofferdam walls increases. Therefore, in the construction of conventional earth structures and foundation ground improvement, only increasing the strength of embankment materials and improved foundation ground was considered, making it extremely difficult to ensure the stability of foundation soil retaining walls and temporary cofferdam walls. It was hot. This invention was made in view of these conventional problems, and its purpose is to improve the stability of embankments and foundations, and to reduce the earth pressure acting on retaining walls and temporary cofferdam walls. Our goal is to provide artificial lightweight soil. <Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses natural soil such as sandy soil and clay soil, and industrial by-products such as fly ash and blast furnace slag alone or in combination with air bubbles. It consists of a foaming agent or bubbles generated by foaming the foaming agent and a caking agent, which are mixed and stirred, and if necessary, lightweighting materials such as blast furnace expanded slag, lightweight aggregate, and Or, in order to stabilize air bubbles and ensure workability, caking agents are added to embankment materials, slope covering materials, foundation soil replacement soil, filling soil for caissons and cofferdams, earth retaining walls, retaining walls, etc.
Used as backfill soil for temporary cofferdam walls, subgrade soil, etc. <<Operation>> According to the artificial lightweight soil having the above structure, since a foaming agent that generates air bubbles or air bubbles formed by foaming the foaming agent are mixed in, the unit volume weight of the lightweight soil is equal to the mixing rate of the foaming agent or air bubbles. The stability of the embankment and foundation ground is improved, and the earth pressure acting on retaining walls is also reduced. <<Example>> Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of artificial lightweight soil according to the present invention. In the embodiment shown in the figure, a case is illustrated in which artificial lightweight soil is used for the embankment, and the artificial lightweight soil A is used in two places, the replacement part 12 of the foundation ground 10 and the embankment part 14. Artificial lightweight soil A is produced by the method shown in FIG. In the method for producing artificial lightweight soil A shown in the figure, excavated soil B of foundation ground 10 is used as natural soil, and an aqueous solution containing a foaming agent, such as a surfactant, and animal hydrolyzed protein dissolved in water, is used. C is supplied to the foamer 16 together with compressed air, and the bubbles D made by foaming the foaming agent and the solidifying agent E, such as cement slurry, are fed into the continuous mixer 18.
It is prepared by mixing and stirring these. Artificial lightweight soil A produced in this way is
With the belt conveyor 20, the foundation ground 10 is poured into a concavely excavated part to create the replacement part 12, and then an embankment part 1 is placed above the replacement part 12.
4 is constructed. In addition, not only the excavated soil B mentioned above can be used for artificial lightweight soil A, but also natural soil such as sandy soil or clay soil transported from other places, or industrial by-products such as fly ash and blast furnace slag alone. Alternatively, they can be used by appropriately mixing them. In addition, instead of the foam D, an inorganic foaming agent such as aluminum powder or hydrogen peroxide foaming agent can be used, and when these are used, the foaming device 16 is not required and the foaming agent is used in the excavated soil B. Artificial lightweight soil A can be obtained by simply mixing and stirring with and solidifying agent E. Furthermore, considering the promotion of weight reduction and cost reduction, porous rapidly cooled blast furnace slag is added to artificial lightweight soil A.
It is recommended to mix lightweight materials such as expanded blast furnace slag, and to ensure the compressive strength and shear strength according to the design specifications of lightweight soil A, cement, fly ash, pulverized blast furnace slag, lime, etc. can be used as consolidation agent E. are carried out singly or in combination. Furthermore, in order to ensure the fluidity necessary for construction and to suppress separation in water, a binder such as polymeric cellulose ether may be added, for example. If water permeability is required, the unit water amount of the solidifying agent E may be reduced. Furthermore, the artificial lightweight soil A may be mixed and stirred in advance and transported to the construction site by, for example, a dump truck. Now, when the artificial lightweight soil A of the present invention configured as described above is used for the replacement part 12 of the foundation ground 10 and the embankment part 14, the air bubbles D are mixed in the artificial lightweight soil A. The unit volume weight is reduced by that amount, the weight acting on the foundation ground 10 is reduced, and its stability is increased. Furthermore, since the artificial lightweight soil A also contains the consolidation agent E, the shear strength of the replacement portion 12 and the embankment portion 14 is improved, and the overall stability is thereby also improved. Furthermore, the weight of the replacement part 12 and the embankment part 14 is reduced, and the amount of consolidation settlement of the foundation ground 10 is reduced, and the amount of consolidation settlement of the replacement part 12 and the embankment part 14 itself is also reduced. Due to this action, the artificial lightweight soil A of the present invention
By using this method, the slope of the embankment portion 14 can be made steeper, and the width of the replacement portion 12 can also be reduced, which is advantageous in terms of construction period and cost. Figures 3 and 4 show the results of experiments conducted to confirm the effects of the artificial lightweight soil according to the present invention. In this experiment, the target soils were mountain sand (produced in Sawara, Chiba Prefecture, water content 26.1%, unit volume weight γ t = 1.72) and clay (former submarine clay off Haneda, water content 102.8%, unit volume weight γ t = 1.40). ), and add ordinary Portland cement slurry (water-cement ratio 1.0) as a setting agent, a foaming agent for concrete (manufactured by Kao Soap Co., Ltd., trade name Emal D-3-D), and a foam shielding agent. A foaming agent (manufactured by Daiichi Kasei Sangyo Co., Ltd., DO Foam D trade name) was added in the proportions shown in Table 1 below, and these were mixed and stirred to prepare cylindrical specimens. material order 3
The strength and unit volume weight were measured after 1 day and 7 days.
【表】【table】
【表】
以下に示す表２から表３はその測定結果であつ
て、これをグラフ化したものが第３図および第４
図である。[Table] Tables 2 to 3 below are the measurement results, and graphs of these are shown in Figures 3 and 4.
It is a diagram.
【表】【table】
【表】
この試験結果からも明らかなように、気泡を発
生する発泡剤若しくは起泡剤を発泡させた気泡を
加えれば、対象土の単位体積重量を低減できる。
特に、発泡剤の対象土に対する添加量は、0.1
〜0.4Kg／m3程度が好ましく、また、起泡剤は対
象土に対して0.5〜1.5Kg／m3程度添加することが
好ましい。
第７図から第１０図は本発明にかかる人工軽量
土の他の使用例を示している。
第７図では、第１図に示した盛土部分１４を人
工軽量土Ａと自然土Ｆとを交互に敷き詰めてい
る。
このように盛土部分１４を構築すると、人工軽
量土Ａには透水性を簡単に持たせることができる
ので、盛土部分１４の圧密沈下の促進が可能にな
る。
第８図は、高架橋２２や建築構造物２４などの
コンクリート構造物の下部に本発明の人工軽量土
Ａを用いて、置換部分１２を施工したものを示し
ている。
このような構造では、置換部分１２の下面に作
用する荷重は、高架橋２２や建築構造物２４の荷
重に置換部分１２の自重を加えたものになるが、
従来より置換部分１２の自重が小さくなるので、
その下部の地盤の安定性が増し、圧密沈下が少な
くなる。
第９図は、この発明の人工軽量土Ａを土留壁や
仮締切工の背面土や中詰土、ケーソン中詰土、掘
削部の埋め戻し土に使用した場合を例示してい
る。
同図ａは補強土工法において、擁壁２６の背面
土２８に人工軽量土Ａを使用しており、背面土２
８中には擁壁２６に一端が定着されたアンカー材
３０が埋設されている。
このような構造では、背面土２８が軽量化され
るので、擁壁２６に加わる土圧が減少し、背面土
２８のスベリも少なくなる。
同図ｂは、境界切盛土工法にこの発明を適用し
たもので、斜面を切欠した土砂に固結剤と気泡と
を混合撹拌して人工軽量土Ａを作製し、これを石
積３２の内方に充填して盛土部分１４を構築して
いる。
この構造では、盛土部分１４が軽量化されるの
で、斜面での滑動力が弱まり、石積３２の傾斜を
急にできるとともに、人工軽量土Ａに透水性を簡
単に持たせることができるので、雨水などの排水
処理が簡単になる。
同図ｃは、護岸３４の背面埋戻し土３６に人工
軽量土Ａを利用したもので、軽量土Ａの自重低減
と剪断強度の増大により、土圧が小さくなり、土
留壁３８の断面減少が図られ、深い軟弱地盤上の
護岸３４にも対応できる。
同図ｄは、建築構造物２４の根切り部４０の埋
め戻しに人工軽量土Ａを利用したもので、作用す
る土圧が低減できるので、構造物２４の地下外壁
を低減できる。
同図ｅは、水中に構築された２重締切４２の中
詰土４４に人工軽量土Ａを利用したもので、軽量
化と剪断強度の増大により、締切４２の断面を小
さくでき、また、ヒービングの防止、全体の安定
性に寄与する。
同図ｆは、設置ケーソン４６の中詰土４４に人
工軽量土Ａを利用したもので、ケーソン４６の上
下部には中詰土４４を挟んでコンクリート層４
８，４８が設けられている。
この構造によれば、ケーソン４６が軽量化され
るので、地震時の設計水平地震力が小さくなり、
ケーソン４６の安定性が増す。
第１０図は本発明の他の応用例を示しており、
同図ａは、埋設管５０の埋戻し土５２に利用した
ものであつて、剪断強度の増大と圧密沈下の減少
により、地表面の沈下が防止できる。
また、同図ｂは、斜面５４の被覆土５６に利用
したものであつて、被覆土５６の自重の低減によ
りスベリが少なくなるとともに、強度の増加によ
りエロージヨンの防止を図りつつ、植生に利用で
きる。
《発明の効果》
以上実施例で説明したように、この発明にかか
る人工軽量土によれば、単位体積重量を小さくで
きるとともに、その剪断強度を増加できるので、
盛土などに使用した場合にそれ自身や基礎地盤の
圧密沈下を防止して、安定性を高められるととも
に、土留壁、仮締切壁に利用し場合にはこれに作
用する土圧を軽減できるなどの優れた効果が得ら
れる。[Table] As is clear from this test result, the unit volume weight of the target soil can be reduced by adding a foaming agent that generates bubbles or bubbles made by foaming a foaming agent. In particular, the amount of foaming agent added to the target soil is 0.1
It is preferable to add about 0.4 Kg/m 3 to about 0.4 Kg/m 3 , and it is preferable to add the foaming agent to about 0.5 to 1.5 Kg/m 3 to the target soil. FIGS. 7 to 10 show other usage examples of the artificial lightweight soil according to the present invention. In FIG. 7, the embankment portion 14 shown in FIG. 1 is alternately filled with artificial lightweight soil A and natural soil F. When the embankment portion 14 is constructed in this manner, the artificial lightweight soil A can be easily imparted with water permeability, so that consolidation settlement of the embankment portion 14 can be promoted. FIG. 8 shows a replacement portion 12 constructed using the artificial lightweight soil A of the present invention at the bottom of a concrete structure such as a viaduct 22 or a building structure 24. In such a structure, the load acting on the lower surface of the replacement part 12 is the load of the viaduct 22 and the building structure 24 plus the weight of the replacement part 12,
Since the weight of the replacement part 12 is smaller than before,
The stability of the ground beneath it increases and consolidation settlement is reduced. FIG. 9 illustrates the case where the artificial lightweight soil A of the present invention is used as back soil and filling soil of retaining walls and temporary cofferdams, filling soil for caissons, and backfilling soil of excavated parts. In Figure a, artificial lightweight soil A is used as the back soil 28 of the retaining wall 26 in the reinforced earth construction method, and the back soil 2
An anchor material 30 having one end fixed to the retaining wall 26 is buried in the retaining wall 8 . In such a structure, the weight of the back soil 28 is reduced, so the earth pressure applied to the retaining wall 26 is reduced, and the slippage of the back soil 28 is also reduced. Figure b shows an application of the present invention to the boundary cutting and embankment construction method, in which artificial lightweight soil A is prepared by mixing and stirring a consolidation agent and air bubbles into the earth and sand cut out on the slope, and this is applied to the inside of the masonry 32. The embankment portion 14 is constructed by filling the soil with water. In this structure, the weight of the embankment portion 14 is reduced, so the sliding force on the slope is weakened, and the slope of the masonry 32 can be made steeper, and the artificial lightweight soil A can be easily made permeable, allowing rainwater to drain away. Easier wastewater treatment. Figure c shows a case in which artificial lightweight soil A is used as the backfill soil 36 of the seawall 34. Due to the reduction in the weight of lightweight soil A and the increase in shear strength, the earth pressure is reduced and the cross section of the retaining wall 38 is reduced. It can also be used for seawalls 34 on deep soft ground. Figure d shows an example in which artificial lightweight soil A is used to backfill the root cut portion 40 of the building structure 24, and since the applied earth pressure can be reduced, the underground outer wall of the structure 24 can be reduced. Figure e shows a case in which artificial lightweight soil A is used for the filling soil 44 of a double cofferdam 42 constructed underwater.The cross section of the cofferdam 42 can be made smaller by reducing the weight and increasing the shear strength. prevention and contributes to overall stability. In the same figure f, artificial lightweight soil A is used for the filler soil 44 of the installed caisson 46, and a concrete layer 4 is placed between the filler soil 44 at the top and bottom of the caisson 46.
8,48 are provided. According to this structure, the weight of the caisson 46 is reduced, so the design horizontal seismic force during an earthquake is reduced.
The stability of caisson 46 is increased. FIG. 10 shows another example of application of the present invention,
Figure a shows the soil used for backfilling 52 of a buried pipe 50, and it is possible to prevent ground surface subsidence by increasing shear strength and reducing consolidation subsidence. In addition, Figure b shows the soil used as cover soil 56 on a slope 54.The reduced weight of the cover soil 56 reduces slippage, and the increase in strength prevents erosion, while also making it possible to use it for vegetation. . <<Effects of the Invention>> As explained in the examples above, according to the artificial lightweight soil according to the present invention, the unit volume weight can be reduced and its shear strength can be increased.
When used for embankments, etc., it prevents consolidation settlement of itself and the foundation ground, increasing stability, and when used for earth retaining walls and temporary cofferdam walls, it can reduce the earth pressure that acts on them. Excellent effects can be obtained.
第１図は本発明にかかる人工軽量土の使用例を
示す断面説明図、第２図は同人工軽量土の作製方
法の一例を示す説明図、第３図および第４図は同
人工軽量土の異なる条件で行つた実験結果をそれ
ぞれ示すグラフ、第５図は同人工軽量土の第１図
に示した使用例の変形を示す断面図、第６図から
第８図は同人工軽量土の他の使用例をそれぞれ示
す説明図である。
Ａ……人工軽量土、Ｂ……掘削土、Ｃ……水溶
液、Ｄ……気泡、Ｅ……固結剤、Ｆ……自然土。
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing an example of the use of the artificial lightweight soil according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the method for producing the artificial lightweight soil, and Figs. 3 and 4 are the same artificial lightweight soil. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the deformation of the usage example shown in Figure 1 of the same artificial lightweight soil, and Figures 6 to 8 are graphs showing the results of experiments conducted under different conditions. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing other usage examples. A... Artificial lightweight soil, B... Excavation soil, C... Aqueous solution, D... Bubbles, E... Consolidation agent, F... Natural soil.
Claims (1)
ユ、高炉スラグなどの産業副産物単独若しくはこ
れらの混合物と、気泡を発生する発泡剤若しくは
起泡剤を発泡させた気泡と、固結剤とからなり、
これらを混合撹拌することを特徴とする人工軽量
土。1. Consists of natural soil such as sandy soil or clay soil, industrial by-products such as fly ash or blast furnace slag, or a mixture thereof, a foaming agent that generates air bubbles, or air bubbles made by foaming a foaming agent, and a caking agent. ,
Artificial lightweight soil characterized by mixing and stirring these materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31897487A JPH01163309A (en) | 1987-12-18 | 1987-12-18 | Artificial light-weight soil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31897487A JPH01163309A (en) | 1987-12-18 | 1987-12-18 | Artificial light-weight soil |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01163309A JPH01163309A (en) | 1989-06-27 |
| JPH0571730B2 true JPH0571730B2 (en) | 1993-10-07 |
Family
ID=18105073
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31897487A Granted JPH01163309A (en) | 1987-12-18 | 1987-12-18 | Artificial light-weight soil |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01163309A (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2511569B2 (en) * | 1990-10-30 | 1996-06-26 | 日本国土開発株式会社 | Lightweight highly fluid reinforced soil and method for producing the same |
| JP3336448B2 (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 2002-10-21 | 不動建設株式会社 | Lightweight soil production equipment for civil engineering |
| JP4620824B2 (en) * | 2000-02-08 | 2011-01-26 | 株式会社大林組 | Manufacturing method of backfill soil |
| KR100567399B1 (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2006-04-04 | 주식회사 비비그린 | Artificial fill materials for construction using industrial wastes |
| JP4706582B2 (en) * | 2006-07-19 | 2011-06-22 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Ground improvement method |
| JP4953007B2 (en) * | 2007-06-25 | 2012-06-13 | 株式会社大林組 | Method for producing plastic grout material |
| JP2012233354A (en) * | 2011-05-02 | 2012-11-29 | Ihi Corp | Low-temperature tank |
-
1987
- 1987-12-18 JP JP31897487A patent/JPH01163309A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01163309A (en) | 1989-06-27 |
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