JPH0571295A - Movable form device for gradually changed sectional tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily form a form in accordance with a gradually changed sectional form of a tunnel within a short period of time. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of posts 15a, 15b and 15c have wheels 23, 27, 48 and motors 24 and 30 and, at the same time, a horizontal beam 16 is borne in a sectional direction of a tunnel. The horizontal beam 16 is constituted of a fixed horizontal beam 16a and a movable horizontal beam 16b, and a girder 13 directed in the direction of the tunnel is borne through a screw jack 14. Arch members 12 arranged in a plurality of rows in the direction of the tunnel are mounted to the girder 13 in a detachable/turnable manner. The arch members 12 are formed in an arch-shape and, at the same time, a form 11 is borne on them. Accordingly, the screw-jack 14 is operated, the movable horizontal beam 16 is expanded, the arch members are loaded and unloaded, and a form of the arch-shaped form 11 can be easily changed by driving only the motors 24 and 30 to move the form to the next place to place concrete within a short period of time.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a movable formwork device for a graded cross-section tunnel which is used when lining a tunnel whose cross-section changes gradually at a point where a plurality of tunnels meet, for example, with concrete.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, the cross-sectional shape of a tunnel from the start of merging to the end of merging at a point where a plurality of tunnels meet is
It gradually changes as shown in FIG. However, FIG. 2 shows a case where one side of the tunnel gradually approaches the other side. In such a formwork for placing concrete when lining a tunnel whose cross-sectional shape changes gradually, it is necessary for the formwork shape to change as the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel changes.

Conventionally, a tunnel form used for placing concrete in a tunnel has the following structure. That is, as shown in FIG. 13 (a), a steel frame row 2 formed by connecting a steel frame 1 with a ladder having a shape as shown in FIG. Erect on the level adjustment jack 3 at equal intervals. Then, braces 4 are stretched around each of the steel frame rows 2 for reinforcement. In this way, the formwork supporting work 5 is installed on the upper end of each of the assembled steel frame rows 2 to assemble a huge formwork supporting work and work scaffold.

The base end of the jack 6 is attached to the place where the steel frame row 2 is located on the formwork support 5. Then, the tip of the jack 6 is arranged at a position along the sectional shape of the tunnel, and the girder 7 facing the tunnel direction is attached to the tip of the jack 6 thus arranged. Further, a frame 8 is erected on each girder 7 to form a shape along the sectional shape of the tunnel.

[0005]

However, the above-mentioned conventional tunnel formwork has the following problems. That is, the tunnel formwork has no moving means or formwork shape changing means. Therefore, when placing concrete for a tunnel whose sectional shape changes gradually using this tunnel formwork, complicated work as described below is required.

After the concrete has solidified, the jacks 6, 6, ... Are operated to lower the entire tunnel form and separate the form 8 from the concrete. And
The tunnel form is disassembled into the form 8, the girder 7, the jack 6, the form support 5, the braces 4, the steel frame 1 and the level adjustment jack 3 in the reverse order of the above. After that, the above formwork 8, girder 7,
The jack 6, the formwork support 5, the braces 4, the steel frame 1 and the level adjustment jack 3 are transported to the place where concrete is next placed. Then, the tunnel formwork is assembled again as described above. At that time, the number, spacing, height and width of the steel frame rows 2 are adjusted according to the cross-sectional shape of the place where concrete is next poured.

As described above, when placing concrete for a tunnel whose sectional shape changes gradually using the tunnel formwork, the formwork 8, girder 7, jack 6, formwork support 5, braces 4. Many form forming members including the steel frame 1 and the level adjustment jack 3 and the like must be repeatedly assembled and disassembled. Then, every time the assembly place is moved, it is necessary to examine the number, intervals and heights of the steel frame rows 2 in accordance with the sectional shape of the tunnel, and the work becomes complicated. Therefore, there is a problem that it takes a lot of time and labor to form the tunnel form.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a moving form device for a gradual cross-section tunnel which can easily form a form according to the cross-section in a tunnel whose cross-section changes gradually.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the moving formwork apparatus for a graded section tunnel of the first invention comprises:
A plurality of horizontal beams extending in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel and supported by a plurality of columns so as to be able to expand and contract in the cross-sectional direction are arranged in the tunnel direction, and one end of the expansion / contraction means swings at a plurality of locations in each of the horizontal beams. A single girder facing the tunnel direction is swingably attached to the other ends of the two extending / contracting means adjacent to each other in the plurality of extending / contracting means to form a truss structure. While one end of a plurality of arch members arranged in a line in the direction of the tunnel above above is rotatably attached to one girder, the other end of each arch member is adjacent to the girder. Attached to the girder, and an arch shape is formed by a plurality of arch members connected in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel, and a height adjusting member is provided between the girder and the arch member, and the tunnel is formed by the height adjusting member. The height from the girder in each of the plurality of arch members arranged in a direction can be gradually changed according to the change of the sectional shape of the tunnel, and the formwork is erected on the arch members arranged in a plurality of rows in the tunnel direction. However, each of the columns has a moving means, each cross beam supported by each column,
Each expansion / contraction means, each girder, each arch member, and each formwork are integrally movable in the tunnel direction.

Further, a moving form device for a graded section tunnel according to a second aspect of the present invention is the moving form device for a graded section tunnel according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein among the plurality of arch members forming the arch shape. The arch member forming the upper portion of the arch shape is removable, and the arch shape can be changed by attaching and detaching the upper arch member.

A third aspect of the present invention is a moving form device for graded cross-section tunnels, wherein the moving form device for graded cross-section tunnels of the first aspect is one of a plurality of arch members forming the arch shape. The arch member forming the arch-shaped side portion is removable, and the arch shape can be changed by attaching and detaching the arch member on the side portion.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is the moving frame device for a gradually changing tunnel according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein the arch shape is formed. Of the plurality of arch members, the top arch member forming the above-mentioned arch-shaped top is slidably engaged with the end of the arch member adjacent in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel without attaching one end thereof to the girder. Is characterized by.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is the moving frame device for a graded section tunnel according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention. One of the two expansion / contraction means having the other end attached thereto is composed of a one-sided screw jack, and the other expansion / contraction means is composed of a double-sided screw jack.

[0014]

According to the first aspect of the invention, each expansion / contraction means having one end swingably attached to a plurality of locations on the cross beam supported by a plurality of columns is contracted, and the other end of each expansion / contraction means is swung. From the solidified concrete, each girder freely attached and arranged in the tunnel cross-section direction and each form supported by each arch member rotatably attached to each girder and arranged in the tunnel direction It is peeled off.
Then, by the moving means of the support, the support and the lateral beams supported by the support, the expansion / contraction means, the girders, the arch members, and the formwork are integrally advanced.

At this time, a plurality of arch members connected to each other in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel are rotated by the operation of the expanding and contracting means at an attachment point, and an arch shape formed by the plurality of arch members connected to each other in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel is moved. The shape is set according to the sectional shape of the tunnel. further,
Each of the horizontal beams is expanded and contracted in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel, and the length of each of the horizontal beams is set to substantially match the width of the destination tunnel.

In this way, when the formwork is moved to the place where concrete is next placed, since the height adjusting member is interposed between the girder and the arch member, the height adjustment member is provided in the tunnel direction. The height of each of the arrayed arch members gradually changes according to the change in the sectional shape of the destination tunnel.
Therefore, the shape of the mold is formed into a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the destination tunnel simply by adjusting the height of the mold by the expanding and contracting means.

In this way, by operating the expanding / contracting means, expanding / contracting the transverse beam, and driving the moving means, the shape of the frame can be changed and its position can be moved without disassembling the entire frame.

Further, in the second invention, when changing the shape of the mold, the arch members forming the upper part of the plurality of arch members forming the arch shape are attached / detached so that the arch shape (the mold The shape of the formwork is changed more largely while maintaining the left-right balance of

According to the third aspect of the invention, when changing the shape of the formwork, the arch members forming the side portions of the plurality of arch members forming the arch shape are attached / detached, which is very workable and simple. Moreover, the shape of the mold is changed more greatly.

In the fourth aspect of the invention, among the plurality of arch members forming the arch shape, the top arch member forming the apex of the arch shape does not have one end attached to the girder in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel. Slidingly engaged with the ends of adjacent arch members. Thus, the amount of change in the case where the amount of change in the length of the arch shape due to the change in the sectional shape of the tunnel is less than the length of the arch member is adjusted by the sliding operation of the top arch member. ..

Further, in the fifth aspect of the invention, the one-sided screw jack constituting the two expansion / contraction means in which the other end is attached to one girder is loosened. In this way, the shape of the truss structure can be easily changed by operating only the screw jacks on the other side, and as a result, the position of the girder can be easily adjusted to a position where the shape of the formwork corresponds to the sectional shape of the tunnel. Is changed to. And
After the shape of the mold is changed, the one-sided screw jack is put into operation again, the truss structure is fixed, and the girder is reliably supported.

[0022]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. 1 (a) to 1 (c) are cross-sectional views of three states in a moving form device for a graded cross-section tunnel according to the present embodiment. Before entering the description of the movable formwork device for a gradually changing cross section tunnel according to FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (c), the concept of changing the form shape by the movable formwork device for a gradually changing cross section tunnel will be described first. ..

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram in the case of one-sided asymptote. The formwork in the moving formwork device for the gradually changing section tunnel is roughly divided into fixed form parts 36 and 36 continuing to the existing side walls 35 formed on both sides of the lower part of the tunnel, and the fixed form part 3
6 and 36, and a deformable portion 37 connected to it. still,
The fixed portion 36 and the deformable portion 37 are collectively referred to as a crown portion. The above-mentioned fixed part 36 has a constant curvature.
As indicated by B and C (corresponding to the cross section at points A, B, and C in FIG. 2), the tunnel does not deform even if the cross sectional shape of the tunnel changes.
On the other hand, the deformation portion 37 has its curvature and arc length changed. In this way, the shape and shape of the deformable portion 37 is set according to the width and height of the tunnel cross section by changing the curvature and arc length of the deformable portion 37, and the fixed portions 36 and 3 are formed on both sides of the deformable portion 37.
6 is continued to obtain a formwork shape corresponding to the target tunnel cross-sectional shape.

FIG. 1 (a) is a sectional view of the moving formwork device for the gradually changing section tunnel in the portion A of FIG. 2, and FIG. 1 (b) is shown in FIG.
FIG. 3B is a sectional view of the moving form apparatus for gradually changing section tunnels in the B part, and FIG. 1C is a sectional view of the moving form apparatus for gradually changing section tunnels in the C part of FIG. Hereinafter, the configuration of the movable formwork device for the gradually changing cross-section tunnel will be described with reference to FIG. The deforming portion 37 has an arch-shaped frame 11
An arch member 12 that supports the formwork 11 from the inside in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel, a girder 13 that supports the arch member 12 from the inside in the tunnel direction, and further the girder 13 from the inside in the vertical direction and the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel. It is generally constituted by a screw jack 14 which is movably supported.

The base end of the screw jack 14 is provided with pillars 15a, 15 which are erected at the center and both sides of the tunnel.
It is attached to a cross beam 16 supported by b and 15c and a work scaffold 17 provided on the cross beam 16. The screw jack 14 thus mounted is operated to change the shape of the formwork 11 so as to have a predetermined tunnel cross-sectional shape, as will be described later, and the formwork 11 is provided between the formwork 11 and the bedrock. Concrete is poured from the concrete pouring port 18 which is provided so as to penetrate.

The fixed part 36 is roughly constituted by a fixed mold 21 which is rotatably divided into two parts. Then, the upper fixed form 21a is attached to both ends of the transverse beam 16, while the lower fixed form 21b is erected on the pillar 15b or the other side which is erected on one side of the tunnel via the screw jack 22. It is attached to the installed column 15c.

Wheels 23, 23 are provided at the lower ends of the central support column 15a for supporting the central portion of the transverse beam 16 and the other side support column 15c for supporting the other side portion. Further, rails 26, 26 for guiding the wheels 23, 23 in the tunnel direction are provided on the sleepers 25, 25 laid on the ground. In this way, the motors 24, 24 provided at the lower portions of the central portion support column 15a and the other side support column 15c are driven to drive the wheels 23,
By rotating 23, the central support column 15a and the other side support column 15c can be moved forward.

On the other hand, at the lower end of the one-sided column 15b that supports the one side of the cross beam 16, a wheel 27 or one-sided column 15b for moving the one-sided column 15b in the sectional direction of the tunnel is provided. A wheel (not shown in Fig. 1 (a)) for moving in the tunnel direction is provided. Further, rails 29 for guiding the wheels 27 in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel are arranged on the sleepers 28 laid on the ground. Further, a rail (not shown in FIG. 1 (a)) for guiding the other wheel in the tunnel direction is arranged on another sleeper (not shown in FIG. 1 (a)). Thus, the motor 30 provided at the bottom of the one-sided column 15b and other motors (not shown in FIG. 1 (a))
Is driven to selectively rotate the two types of wheels, so that the one-side support column 15b can be moved in the tunnel cross-sectional direction or the tunnel direction.

On the other hand, the other side support column 15c is not provided with wheels for moving the other side support column 15c in the sectional direction of the tunnel. This is because the moving formwork apparatus for the gradually changing cross section in the present embodiment is used when one side of the tunnel gradually approaches the other side as shown in FIG. It suffices that only the one is movable in the cross-sectional direction.

Further, jacks 31 are provided at the lower portions of the columns 15a, 15b, 15c, respectively.
6, the work scaffold 17, the girder 13, the arch member 12, and the form 11 are integrally movable. In this way, when the concrete poured from the concrete pouring port 18 is supported and the concrete is solidified to advance the entire moving form device for the gradually changing cross section tunnel, the form 11 is peeled off from the solidified concrete.

The horizontal beam 16 is composed of two parts, a fixed horizontal beam 16a and a moving horizontal beam 16b. The fixed transverse beam 16a is supported by the central portion support column 15a and the other side support column 15c, while the movable transverse beam 16b is supported.
Is supported by the one side pillar 15b. The movable cross beam 16b is inserted into the fixed cross beam 16a, and the movable cross beam 16b is slidably supported along the fixed cross beam 16a. Thus, the cross beam 16 is connected to the screw jack 14,
While supporting the girder 13, the arch member 12 and the form 11, the width can be expanded and contracted. At this time, the movable horizontal beam 16b is fixed to the fixed horizontal beam 1 by inserting pins into the pin holes 32 formed in the movable horizontal beam 16b and the fixed horizontal beam 16a.
It is fixed at a predetermined position with respect to 6a.

As described later in detail, the arch member 12 is formed as one unit between the adjacent girders 13, 13, and the end faces of the arch members 12, 12, ... An arch shape is formed by connecting in the direction of the tunnel cross section so that it can be bent / separated. Then, each of the screw jacks 14 is operated to bend the row of the arch member 12 on each girder 13 or to attach / detach the arch member 12 to deform the arch shape.

In this way, the arch member 12 is bent /
The curvature and arc length of the deformable portion 37 can be changed by detaching and attaching, and further by moving the one-side supporting column 15b to slide the moving cross beam 16b inward along the fixed cross beam 16a and fixing with a pin. Of. Thus, the state where two arch members 12 are removed from the state of FIG. 1 (a) is the state of FIG. 1 (b), and the state where two arch members 12 are removed from the state of FIG. 1 (b) is the figure. This is the state of 1 (c). During this time, the central column 15a, the other side column 15c, and the fixed horizontal beam 16a do not move in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (c).
You can understand it well.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line DD in the center of FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the moving form device for the gradually changing cross-section tunnel according to the present embodiment has the three columns 15a, 15b, 15c, the horizontal beam 16, and the screw jacks 14, 14, shown in FIG. 1 (a). Each set of 5 and the like is arranged in parallel in the tunnel direction (the central support column 15a and the other side support column 15c are not shown in FIG. 4), and each central support column 15
, and one side support columns 15b, 15b, ... And the other side support columns 15c, 15c, ... Are connected by connecting members 38, 39, respectively. In FIG. 4, one feature of this embodiment appears above the portion of the girder 13.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view above the portion of the girder 13 in FIG. At the portion where the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel changes gradually, the height of the tunnel becomes lower as the width of the tunnel becomes narrower. Therefore, the formwork 11 used at the portion where the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel changes gradually must have its height lowered toward the front. In FIG. 5, a joint 40 is attached to the tip of each shaft of the five screw jacks 14, 14, ... Arranged in a line in the tunnel direction to connect with one girder 13 directed in the tunnel direction. 4 joints
The girder 13 is rotatably supported by 0, 40, ... In the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel. At that time, the girders 13 are arranged in parallel with the road surface of the tunnel. That is, each girder is arranged so as to form a substantially cylindrical shape in the tunnel direction.

However, the mold 1 is formed by stretching the veneer plate 42 on the joists 41 arranged in the tunnel direction.
As described above, the height of 1 must decrease as it goes forward. So the digit 13
And the arch members 12, 12, ... Between the brackets 33, 33, the height of which gradually decreases toward the front.
The height of each arch member 12, 12, ... Is adjusted by sandwiching. In this way, the inclination of the formwork 11 once set does not need to be changed since it is constant during the gradually changing cross section of the tunnel. After that, when advancing the moving form device for the gradually changing section tunnel, the screw jack 14,
All that is required is to uniformly lower the overall height by the operation of 14, ....

As described above, the height and inclination of the formwork 11 are correctly set by the operation of the screw jacks 14, 14, ..., The rear end 11a of the formwork 11 is located at the lower corner of the front end of the cast concrete 43. Abut. Then, the gable form 44 and the form 1 which are vertically attached to the front end 11b of the form 11
Top of 1 and front end of cast concrete 43 and bedrock 45
Concrete is poured into the space 46 formed by and.

Here, a plurality of hinges 47, 47, ... Provided on the side surface of the girder 13, as will be described later,
It is a hinge for attaching the auxiliary girder 50 which supports the arch member 12 so as to be bendable by the operation of the screw jack 14.

In FIG. 4, another feature of the present embodiment is shown in the lower part of the one-side support columns 15b, 15b, .... That is, in the lower part of the front one-sided column 15b and the rear one-sided column 15b, the wheels 27 and the one-sided column for moving the one-sided column 15b in the tunnel cross-sectional direction as described above are provided. Wheels 48 are provided for moving 15b in the tunnel direction. In addition, all five one side pillars 1
The jack 31 is provided on the lower portion of 5b as described above. This jack 31 supports concrete through a formwork, and by operating these jacks 31, the wheels 48 or the wheels 27 are selectively placed on the sleepers 34 or the sleepers 28 (see FIG. 1 (a)). It is placed on the arranged rails 49 or 29 (see FIG. 1 (a)).

The structure of the changing portion of the curvature and arc length of the deforming portion 37 will be described in more detail below. FIG. 6 shows FIG.
EE arrow view (that is, a front view of the crown portion in the rearmost portion of the moving form device for the present gradually changing cross-section tunnel)
Is. In the deforming portion 37, the base ends of the two screw jacks 14 and 14 are attached to the work scaffold 17 on the fixed cross beam 16a or the cross beam 16 at the same positions at predetermined intervals. Further, on the lower surface of each of the girders 13, 13, ..., The ends of the two screw jacks 4 whose base ends are attached to adjacent positions on the work scaffold 17 or the lateral beam 16 are connected to the joint 40 (see FIG. 5). Install by. Therefore, the girder 13 and the work scaffold 17 or the cross beam 16
Screw jacks installed between and 14,
Form a truss structure with the cross beams 16 and girders 13. However, only one screw jack 14a is attached to the outermost girder 13a.

Further, the arch member 1 is provided on each of the girders 13, 13, ... Through the brackets 33, 33 ,.
Install 2, 12, ... At that time, since FIG. 6 is a view of the rearmost portion of the moving form device for a gradually changing tunnel, the brackets 33, 33, ... Have the highest height. Further, the auxiliary girders 50, 50, ... Are rotatably attached to the hinges 47 provided on the side surfaces of the respective girders 13, 13 ,. And install them in parallel at a predetermined interval. And digit 13
From the upper surface of the bracket 3 to the upper surface of the auxiliary girder 50 attached to the girder 13 adjacent to the outside of the girder 13.
One unit of arch member 12 is installed via 3, 33.

By assembling the screw jack 14, the girder 13, the auxiliary girder 50 and the arch member 12 as described above, as the screw jack 14 expands and contracts, the arch member 12 is an auxiliary member on which the arch member 12 is installed. The hinge 47 associated with the girder 50 rotates about the center of rotation. Further, by removing the pin of the hinge 47, the arch member 12 can be separated from the adjacent arch member 12. In this way, the plurality of arch members 12, 12, ... Form an arch shape by being bent / separable and being continuous in the sectional direction of the tunnel.

In the fixed parts 36, 36, as described above, of the upper and lower divided fixed molds 21a, 21b, the upper fixed mold 21a is attached to the tip of the movable cross beam 16b. On the other hand, in the lower fixed form 21b, the upper bracket 52 is rotatably attached to the hinge 53 provided at the tip of the movable cross beam 16b, and the lower bracket 5b is attached.
4 through the screw jack 22 and the one side support 1
Attach by attaching to 5b. That is,
By expanding and contracting the screw jack 22,
The lower fixed mold 21b swings around the hinge 53 as the center of rotation.

FIG. 6 shows only the right half of the crown portion, but the left half has the same structure. However, the upper fixed form 21a and the lower fixed form 21b are attached to the fixed cross beam 16a and the other side support column 15c.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged detailed view of part (a) in FIG. In FIG. 7, 12 _T is a top arch member.
This top arch member 12 _T is arranged at the apex of the tunnel, and the frontmost arch member 12 a of the arch members 12, 12, ... It is an arch member that substantially connects the frontmost arch member 12b of the arch members 12, 12, ... Assembled sequentially from the tip of the lateral beam 16b toward the apex of the tunnel.

[0046] The top arch member 12 _T, as shown in FIG. 9, the arch member 12a adjacent the inner surface, 12b
Are arranged in contact with both outer side surfaces of the. Then, the hinge portion 55 provided at one end thereof is rotatably attached to the hinge portion 56 provided on the girder 13b supporting the arch member 12b so that it is substantially connected to the arch member 12b. On the other hand, the other end of the top arch member 12 _T is placed on the digit 13 is located on the side wall of the arch member 12a is arch member 12a is mounted, slidable longitudinally along the sides of the arch member 12a It has become. Thus, by making the other end of the top arch member 12 _T the free end, the amount of change in the length of the arch shape that is less than the length of the arch member 12 due to the change in the sectional shape of the tunnel is adjusted. is there.

FIG. 8 is a view from the arrow FF in FIG. 4 (that is, a front view of the crown portion at the frontmost portion of the present moving frame apparatus for gradually changing cross-sections). Further, FIG. 9 is a partial development view of the crown portion assembled along the sectional shape of the tunnel by the girder 13, the auxiliary girder 50, the arch member 12, the joist 41 and the veneer plate 42. The configurations of the deforming portion 37 and the fixed portion 36 in FIG. 8 are exactly the same as those in FIG. However, in the following points, the front part (Fig. 8)
And the last part (Fig. 6) are different.

First, the tunnel which is the subject of the present mobile formwork device for graded-section tunnels has a graded section. Therefore, the width and height of the moving frame device for a graded section tunnel must be different before and after. By the way, the girders 13 and the auxiliary girders 50 are arranged so that their directions coincide with the tunnel direction and the ground as described above to form a substantially cylindrical shape. On the other hand, the joists 41 are arranged so as to form a substantially conical shape from the side end along the sectional shape of the tunnel. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, the joists 41 are naturally arranged diagonally with respect to the beam 13.

Therefore, the arch members 12, 12, ... Which are to be arranged along the same curved surface as the arrangement curved surface of the joist 41.
The directions connecting the tips 12e, 12e, ... Of the columns are also arranged obliquely with respect to the beam 13. That is, the same digit 1 for the arch members 12, 12, ... Arranged in a line in the tunnel direction
The position of 3 is different before and after the moving formwork apparatus for the present graded section tunnel. That is, in the last part, as can be seen from FIGS. 6 and 9, the digit 13
Is located at the tip of the arch member 12. On the other hand, in the frontmost portion, as can be seen from FIGS. 8 and 9, the same girder 13 is located closer to the center of the arch members 12 in the same row.

Secondly, since FIG. 8 is a front view of the movable formwork apparatus for a gradually changing cross-section tunnel, the respective girders 13, 13,
, And the brackets 33, 33, interposed between the arch members 12, 12, ... Have the lowest (= 0) height. That is, the brackets 33, 33, ... Are not provided at the frontmost portion. Further, the length of the brackets 52 and 54 is short.

FIG. 9 is a development view of the crown portion assembled along the sectional shape of the tunnel by the above-mentioned girder 13, auxiliary girder 50, arch member 12, joist 41 and veneer plate 42 as described above. In the deforming portion 37, the girders 13 and the auxiliary girders 50 forming the substantially cylindrical array curved surface are arrayed in parallel to the tunnel direction 57. On the other hand, the arch member 12 and the joist 41 which form a substantially conical array curved surface
The veneer plates 42 are arranged obliquely with respect to the tunnel direction 57. Further, the veneer plate 42 has a width that is an integral fraction of the arch member length, and as shown in FIG.
The crown portions are sequentially attached from both ends toward the apex. At that time, the length of the crown portion at the front end and the length of the crown portion at the rear end of the present moving frame apparatus for gradually changing cross-sections are different. Therefore, the difference between the lengths of the crown portion before and after this is determined by the top arch member 12 described above.
_The veneer plate 42 attached to the _T is formed into a triangular shape for adjustment.

As described above, the arch member 12 and the joist 4 are
When the arc length of the deformable portion 37 is shortened by arranging 1 and the veneer plate 42 integrally as one set and obliquely arranging with respect to the tunnel direction 57, they are arranged outside the arch member 12b (see FIG. 7). The row of arch members 12c to be formed and the joist 41 and the veneer plate 42 attached to the row of the arch members 12c can be integrally removed.

On the other hand, the fixed form 2 in the fixed portion 36.
No. 1 is formed so as to have a constant curvature by making the front part and the rear part of the present moving frame device for a graded section tunnel have the same width. Then, the upper fixed form 21a
At the tip of the fixed horizontal beam 16a or the movable horizontal beam 16b, and the lower fixed form 21b to the fixed horizontal beam 16a and the other side support column 15c or the movable horizontal beam 16b and the one side support column 15b at a predetermined inclination with respect to the tunnel direction. To be attached.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the screw jack 14. Of the two screw jacks 14, 14 attached to the work scaffold 17 on the cross beam 16 or the cross beam 16 at the same position in FIG. 6, the screw jack 14 located on the inner side is a single screw screw jack and is located on the outer side. Screw jack 14
Is a double screw screw jack. These screw jacks 14 are so-called turnbuckles. As shown in Fig. 10 (a), the double screw screw jack is
By inserting the handle into the handle hole 59 provided at the center of the cylindrical portion 58, which has female females cut in opposite directions at both ends, and rotating the male screw, the male screw screwed into the female screw of the cylindrical portion 58 is formed. The two cut shafts 60, 61 project and retract in the axial direction. Thus, the cylindrical portion 58 is rotated to move the girder 13.

The above single-screw screw jack is
As shown in FIG. 10 (b), a nut portion 65 with a female media cut is detachably / rotatably provided at one end of the cylindrical portion 62, and the handle 63 attached to the nut portion 65 is rotated to rotate the nut portion. By rotating 65, the nut 6
The shaft 64, in which the male screw to be screwed into the female screw of No. 5 is cut, appears in and out in the axial direction. Thus, the nut portion 65 is rotated by the bundle 63 to move the girder 13.

In this embodiment, the working scaffold 17 is used.
Alternatively, it is attached to the same position on the horizontal beam 16 2
Of the two screw jacks 14, 14, one screw jack 14 is a single screw screw jack,
The reason why the other screw jack 14 is a double screw screw jack is as follows. That is, the above digit 13
The screw jack 14 forms a truss structure to securely support the. Therefore, when the position of the girder 13 is moved in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel in order to bend the row of the arch members 12, the two screw jacks 14, 14 attached to the girder must be simultaneously operated. It is difficult to operate.

Therefore, 2 attached to one girder 13
Since one of the screw jacks 14, 14 is a single screw screw jack as described above, and the nut portion 65 is temporarily separated from the cylindrical portion 62, the single screw screw jack is in a loose state. is there. As a result, the position of the girder 13 can be easily changed by one double screw screw jack. In this way, after all the girders 13 have moved to the predetermined positions, the nut portion 65 of each single screw screw jack is again attached to the cylindrical portion 62.
The shaft 63 is brought into contact with the shaft 63 to project the shaft 64, and the truss structure is fixed to support each girder 13. That is, it is possible to both firmly support the formwork 11 by the truss structure and easily change the shape of the truss structure.

The moving form frame apparatus for the gradually changing cross section having the above-mentioned construction advances while changing the curvature and arc length of the deformable portion 37 by the following procedure. First, as shown in FIG. 11 (a), the one side pillar 15b or the other side pillar 15c.
Screw jacks 22 and 2 of both screws attached to
2 is shrunk so that the lower fixed molds 21b, 21b are peeled off from the surface of the concrete.

Next, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), a total of 15 columns 15 (5 central columns 15a, 5 one side columns 15b and 5 other side columns 15c) are provided. By operating the jack 31 provided at the lower portion, the cross beam 16, the screw jack 14, the girder 13, the arch member 12 and the form 11 are integrally lowered. In this way, the veneer plate 42 forming the form 11 is peeled off from the surface of the concrete.

Next, as shown in FIG. 11C, the hinge arch 55 at one end of the top arch member 12 _T (see FIG. 11B) is pulled out to remove the top arch member 12 _T. .. After that, as shown in FIG. 12 (d), the fixed cross beam 1
A pin connecting the 6a and the movable cross beam 16b is pulled out from the pin hole 32, and provided on the lower part of the one side support column 15b having wheels 48 for moving in the tunnel direction among the one side support columns 15b supporting the movable cross beam 16b. The jack 31 is further contracted so that the wheel 48 can be lifted off the rail 49. And
By driving the motor 30 of the one-sided support column 15b having the wheel 27 for moving in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel, the wheel 27 rolls on the rail 29 and the moving cross beam 16b.
Is inserted into the fixed cross beam 16a. In this manner, the entire right half crown portion in the drawing supported by the movable cross beam 16b and the one side support column 15b moves toward the center.

Thus, the fixed form frames 21, 21 on both sides are
The motor 30 is stopped at a position where the distance between them is slightly narrower than the width of the tunnel cross section at the forward position, and the pin hole 32 is removed.
The movable horizontal beam 16b is fixed to the fixed horizontal beam 16a by inserting a pin into. Next, as shown in FIG. 12 (e), the jacks 31 provided on the lower portions of the 15 columns 15 are operated so that the height of the formwork 11 becomes lower than the height of the tunnel cross section at the forward position. To do. After doing so, the one side pillar 15
The jack 31 provided below the one side support column 15b having the wheels 48 for moving b in the tunnel direction is slightly extended to rail the wheel 27 for moving the one side support column 15b in the tunnel cross-sectional direction. Float from 29. Then, the motor 24 or the like provided at the lower portion of each column 15 is driven to rotate the wheels 23, 48, and the movable formwork apparatus for the gradually changing cross-section tunnel advances to a predetermined position.

Then, the removed top arch member 12 is removed.
_{Reattach T} to the top of the crown. At that time, the frontmost arch member 12a of the arch members 12, 12, ... sequentially assembled from the tip of the fixed cross beam 16a toward the apex of the tunnel, and the end of the moving cross beam 16b from the tip of the tunnel toward the apex of the tunnel. Arch members 12, 12,
The distance from the frontmost arch member 12b of ... Is narrower than in the state of FIG. 11 (a). Therefore, by inserting the tip of the arch member 12a on the opposite side in the hinge portion 55 at the top arch member 12 _T, the length of the arcuate less than the length of the arch member 12 accompanying the change in the tunnel cross section The amount of change in is adjusted. In the above description, the nub arch member 12 _T is removed,
May be removed only mold 11 on nuchal arch member 12 _T. If the amount of change in the length of the arch shape is equal to or greater than the length of the arch member 12, the top arch member 1
Arch member 12c connecting to the arch member 12b which is connected to 2 _T is the may be removed (see FIG. 7).

After that, the jacks 31 provided on the lower portions of all the columns 15 are operated so that the height of the mold 11 becomes the height of the tunnel cross section at the forward position, and the screw jacks 14 are further operated. The shape of the frame 11 is adjusted and the change in the curvature and arc length of the deformable portion 37 is completed.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the central pillar 15a and the one-side pillar 15a which are movable in the tunnel direction.
The b and the other side pillars 15c support a cross beam 16 which is expandable and contractible in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel. Then, the screw jack 1 is attached to the cross beam 16 and the work scaffolding 17 on the cross beam 16.
While installing the base end of 4, screw jack 14
The girders 13, 13, ... Arranged in a cylindrical shape in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel are swingably attached to the tip of the to form a truss structure.

Further, the hinge 47 of the above-mentioned girders 13, 13, ...
Auxiliary girder 50 is rotatably / detachably attached at a predetermined distance, and the arch member 12 facing the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel is erected on the girder 13 and the auxiliary girder 50. The arch member 12 is provided with a formwork 11 including a joist 41 and a veneer plate 42. Thus, the arch member 12 and the formwork 1 arranged in the tunnel direction.
One is integrally supported by one girder 13 and one auxiliary girder 50.

Therefore, by removing the auxiliary girder 50 from the hinge 47 of the girder 13, it is possible to remove the one-row formwork 11 and to shorten the arc length in the deforming portion 37 constituting the crown portion. Further, by contracting the row of screw jacks 14 arranged in the tunnel direction, the row of arch members 12 can be bent at the hinge 47, and the curvature of the deformable portion 37 can be reduced.

At that time, the above-mentioned girder 13 or auxiliary girder 50 is used.
Between the arch member 12 and the arch member 12, brackets 33, 33, ... The height of which decreases as it goes forward are interposed so that the arch members 12, 12 ,. In this way, the shape of the formwork 11 gradually changes from the rearmost part to the frontmost part of the moving formwork device for a gradually changing cross-section tunnel. Therefore, in combination with the fact that the cross beam 16 is expandable / contractible in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel and the other end of the top arch member 12 _T is a free end, the mold in the movable form device for the present graded cross-section tunnel is formed. The shape of the frame 11 can be gradually changed according to the change in the sectional shape of the tunnel.

[0068] In the above embodiment, when significantly changing the length of the arch shape of the deformable portion 37, followed by removal of the arch member 12c connecting to the arch member 12b coupled to the top arch member 12 _T .. However,
The present invention is not limited to this, and the deformable portion 37
There is no problem even if the arch member 12 on the outermost side is removed.

In the above description, the case where the cross section of the tunnel becomes thinner as it moves forward is explained as an example. However, even when the cross section of the tunnel becomes thicker as it moves forward, the deformation portion 37 of the deformed portion 37 is processed in the same manner as described above. You can proceed while increasing the curvature. However, in that case, the height of the bracket 33 in FIG. 5 must be gradually increased toward the front.

In the above embodiment, the base end of each screw jack 14 is attached to the cross beam 16 and the work scaffold 17 on the cross beam 16, but it does not matter if all the screw jacks 14 are attached to the cross beam 16. ..

In the above embodiment, the case where one side of the tunnel approaches the other side is explained. However, the shape of the mold can be gradually changed in the same manner even when the two sides gradually approach each other. However, in that case, a wheel and a motor for moving the other side support column 15c in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel must be provided in the lower part of the other side support column 15c as well as the lower part of the one side support column 15b. There is.

In the above embodiment, the operation of each screw jack 14, the expansion and contraction of the cross beam 16, and the arch member 12 are performed.
Detachable, so that changing the shape of the mold 11 by the free blunted the other end of the top arch member 12 _T. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
That is, by appropriately combining any one of the operation of the screw jack 14 and the expansion / contraction of the cross beam 16, the attachment / detachment of the arch member 12, or the free end of the other end of the top arch member 12 _T , the mold The shape of the frame 11 may be changed.

[0073]

As is clear from the above, in the moving frame device for a graded cross-section tunnel of the first invention, a plurality of horizontal beams which are supported by a plurality of columns so as to extend and contract are arranged in the tunnel direction, Both ends of the expansion and contraction means are swingably attached to each of the transverse beams and a plurality of girders facing the tunnel to form a truss structure, and one of the two adjacent girders is arranged in a line in the tunnel direction. While one end of the arch member is rotatably attached, the other end of the arch member is attached to the other end to form an arch shape by a plurality of arch members continuous in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel. A height adjusting member is provided between the above and the arch member, a formwork is installed on the arch member, and each strut, each cross beam, each expanding and contracting means, each girder, each arch member and each Formwork integrated tunnel Since it is movable in any direction, the shape of the mold can be changed and moved without disassembling the entire mold apparatus by expanding and contracting the expanding and contracting means, expanding and contracting the cross beam, and driving the moving means. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily form a mold corresponding to the sectional shape in a short time in a tunnel whose sectional shape changes gradually.

Further, in the moving form frame apparatus for a gradually changing cross section of the second invention, among the plurality of arch members forming the arch shape, the arch member forming the upper portion of the arch shape is detachable, so that In addition to the expansion and contraction of the expansion / contraction means, the shape of the mold can be changed by attaching and detaching the arch member, and the shape of the mold can be changed more largely while keeping the left and right balance of the arch shape. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is easy to change the shape of the mold, and it is possible to more easily form the mold that more accurately corresponds to the sectional shape of the tunnel.

Further, in the moving form frame apparatus for the gradually changing cross section of the third aspect of the invention, among the plurality of arch members forming the arch shape, the arch member forming the side portion of the arch shape is detachable. In addition to the expansion and contraction of the expansion / contraction means, the arch member can be attached / detached to change the shape of the mold, and the arch member at a lower position can be attached / detached to improve workability and change the shape of the mold to a larger extent. it can. Therefore, according to the present invention, the workability of attaching and detaching the arch member is good, and it is possible to more easily form the formwork more appropriately corresponding to the sectional shape of the tunnel.

Further, in the movable formwork apparatus for the gradually changing cross section tunnel according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, among the plurality of arch members forming the arch shape, the top arch member forming the top of the arch shape is
Since one end of the top arch member is slidably engaged with the end of the adjacent arch member in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel without being attached to the upper girder, the above-mentioned arch shape according to the change in the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel The amount of change in the case where the amount of change in the length is less than the length of the arch member can be adjusted by the sliding operation of the top arch member. Therefore, according to the present invention, even if the amount of change in the length of the arch shape is less than the length of the arch member, the shape of the formwork can be finely changed, and the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel can be accurately supported. The formed mold can be easily formed.

Further, in the movable formwork apparatus for the gradually changing cross section tunnel according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, one of the two expansion / contraction means having one end attached to one girder is constituted by a one-sided screw jack. Since the other expansion / contraction means is composed of the screw jacks on both sides, the position of the girder can be easily deformed by only the screw jacks on both sides by making the screw jack on one side loose. Therefore, according to the present invention, the shape of the truss structure supporting the mold can be easily changed, and the mold corresponding to the sectional shape of the tunnel can be easily formed in a shorter time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is one end part of a gradually changing sectional shape of a tunnel according to an embodiment of a moving form device for a gradually changing tunnel according to the present invention,
It is sectional drawing at the time of being located in a center part and the other end part.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a gradually changing portion of a tunnel cross-sectional shape.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of changing a form shape in the case of asymptotic one side.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG.

5 is an enlarged top view of FIG. 4. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a view on arrow EE in FIG.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged detailed view of part (a) in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a view on arrow FF in FIG.

9 is a development view of the crown portion in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a detailed view of a screw jack.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a curvature / arc length changing procedure of the deformed portion in FIG.

12 is an explanatory diagram of a curvature / arc length changing procedure of the deformed portion subsequent to FIG. 11. FIG.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of a conventional tunnel form.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 ... Formwork, 12 ... Arch member, _12T ... Top arch member, 13 ... Girder,
14,22 ... Screw jacks, 15a, 15b, 1
5c ... posts, 16 ... lateral beams, 21 ... standard formwork, 23,2
7, 48 ... Wheels, 26, 29, 49 ... Rails, 31 ... Jacks, 32 ... Pin holes, 33 ... Brackets, 36 ... Fixed parts, 37 ... Deformation parts, 40 ... Joints, 41 ... Joists, 42 ... Veneer plates, 47 …
Hinge, 50 ... Auxiliary girder.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Hiroki Kato, 2-2-2, Matsuzaki-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Prefecture, Okumura-gumi Co., Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of horizontal beams extending in the cross-sectional direction of a tunnel and supported by a plurality of columns so as to be able to expand and contract in the cross-sectional direction are arranged in the tunnel direction, and expand and contract at a plurality of locations in each of the horizontal beams. One end of the means is swingably attached, and further, one girder facing the tunnel direction is swingably attached to the other ends of the two adjacent expansion and contraction means of the plurality of expansion and contraction means. And one end of a plurality of arch members arranged in a line in the tunnel direction above each of the transverse beams is rotatably attached to one girder, while the other end of each arch member is attached. Attached to one girder adjacent to the girder, an arch shape is formed by a plurality of arch members continuous in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel, and a height adjusting member is provided between the girder and the arch member,
With this height adjusting member, the height from the girder in each of the plurality of arch members arranged in the tunnel direction can be gradually changed according to the change in the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel, and the heights can be arranged in a plurality of rows in the tunnel direction. The formwork is erected on the arch member, and each of the above-mentioned columns has a moving means, and each lateral beam, each expanding / contracting means, each girder, each arch member and each formwork supported by each column are integrated. A movable formwork device for a graded cross-section tunnel, which is movable in the tunnel direction. 2. The moving formwork device for a graded cross-section tunnel according to claim 1, wherein among the plurality of arch members forming the arch shape, an arch member forming an upper part of the arch shape is removable. A movable formwork device for a gradually changing cross-section tunnel, wherein the arch shape can be changed by attaching or detaching the upper arch member. 3. The movable formwork device for a graded cross-section tunnel according to claim 1, wherein among the plurality of arch members forming the arch shape, an arch member forming a side portion of the arch shape is removable. A movable formwork device for a graded cross-section tunnel, wherein the arch shape can be changed by attaching and detaching the arch member on the side. 4. The moving formwork apparatus for a gradual cross-section tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the arch-shaped top is formed of a plurality of arch members forming the arch-shape. A mobile formwork device for a graded cross-section tunnel, wherein the top arch member slidably engages an end of an arch member adjacent in the cross-section direction of the tunnel without attaching one end thereof to the girder. 5. The moving formwork device for a graded cross-section tunnel according to claim 1, further comprising: two expansion / contraction means having the other end attached to the one girder. A movable formwork device for a graded cross-section tunnel, characterized in that one of the expanding and contracting means is constituted by a screw jack on one side and the other expanding and contracting means is constituted by a screw jack on both sides.