JPH0558216B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0558216B2
JPH0558216B2 JP60292919A JP29291985A JPH0558216B2 JP H0558216 B2 JPH0558216 B2 JP H0558216B2 JP 60292919 A JP60292919 A JP 60292919A JP 29291985 A JP29291985 A JP 29291985A JP H0558216 B2 JPH0558216 B2 JP H0558216B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
battery
present
fine particles
inorganic fine
sealing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP60292919A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS62154552A (en
Inventor
Toshio Yanagi
Yoshihiro Goshi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eneos Corp
Original Assignee
Nippon Petrochemicals Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Petrochemicals Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Petrochemicals Co Ltd
Priority to JP60292919A priority Critical patent/JPS62154552A/en
Publication of JPS62154552A publication Critical patent/JPS62154552A/en
Publication of JPH0558216B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0558216B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183Sealing members
    • H01M50/184Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

[発明の利用分野] 本発明は、シール材でシールしてなる電池に関
し、さらに詳しくは無機微粒子を含むイソブチレ
ン系重合体からなるシール材で電池封口部を封止
してなる電池に関する。 [従来技術とその問題点] アルカリ電解液を使用するいわゆるアルカリ電
池は、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウムなどの
アルカリ水溶液特有のクリープ特性のために、従
来より種々のシール材の利用が提案されている。 たとえば特公昭46−16449号公報には、合成ゴ
ム製のガスケツトおよび封口蓋により封口せしめ
るアルカリ電池においてn−ブチレンとイソブチ
レンとの共重合体を主とする塗布材を開口部の間
隙にシールする技術が開示されている。 さらに特開昭55−59655号公報には有機電解質
を用いるリチウム電池のシール材としてもポリイ
ソブチレンが応用されている。 しかしながら、これらのn−ブチレンとイソブ
チレンの共重合体や、ポリイソブチレンなどは必
ずしもその耐漏液性が十分とはいえずさらに改良
が望まれていた。 本発明は、上記従来技術の問題点を解消するた
めになされたもので、耐漏液性の良好な電池を提
供することを目的とする。 [発明の構成] 前述の目的を達成するために、本発明の電池
は、無機微粒子を1〜20重量%含む平均分子量
700〜10000のイソブチレンを主とする重合体から
なるシール材で電池封口部の間隙をシールしてな
ることを特徴とする。 以下、本発明を添付図面に基づいてさらに詳し
く説明する。 第1図は本発明の一実施例に係る電池の封口部
を示す。 同図に示す電池では、鉄製の陰極端子を兼ねる
電池ケース1に、水酸化ニツケルを陽極、カドミ
ウムを陰極とした発電要素を収納し、30%を水酸
化カリウム水溶液からなる電解液を適量注入して
いる。そして通常の電池と同様に、ガスケツト2
および封口板3により電池ケース1の開口部を封
口している。 本発明の特徴部分であるシール材4は、電池の
封口部の間隙部5に封入される。シール材4は適
宜の流動性を有しているので、塗布、浸漬、ハケ
塗り、注入などのいずれの充填方法によつても上
記間隙部5を封止することができる。 なお、本発明の封口部の間隙には、場合により
ガスケツト2と電板(第2図)との間隙も含まれ
る。 上記シール材4はイソブチレンを主たるモノマ
ーとして重合してなる重合体であつて、イソブチ
レンのホモポリマーまたはイソブチレンとn−ブ
テンのコポリマーなどがある。これらは日本石油
化学株式会社の商品名:日石ポリブテン、テトラ
ツクスなどとして容易に入手できる。またその平
均分子量は700〜10000のものが好ましい。700未
満のものは低粘度のために、シール性が不十分で
ある。また平均分子量が10000を越えると、高粘
度となり過ぎて塗布などの取扱い作業が困難とな
るので好ましくない。 本発明においては、上記重合体に無機微粒子を
1〜20重量%混合して用いることが特徴とされ
る。 本発明で使用する無機微粒子としては、炭酸カ
ルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、硫酸カルシウム、
硫酸バリウム、白土、タルク、カオリンなどの
種々のゴムまたはプラスチツク用無機フイラーを
用いることができる。しかし、好ましい無機微粒
子は、シリカ微粒子または有機ベントナイトであ
る。このシリカとしては、微粉砕シリカ、沈降性
シリカ、表面処理した疎水性シリカ、熱分解シリ
カなどが挙げられる。有機ベントナイトは、ベン
トナイト中の交換性塩基を、カチオン、たとえば
オクタデシルアンモニウム塩などの適宜のカチオ
ンによりイオン交換した有機変性ベントナイトを
いう。 上記無機微粒子をイソブチレン系重合体に添加
することによりイゾブチレン系重合体のいわゆる
フロー現象が防止でき、そのため耐漏液性が格段
に向上する。 耐漏液性を向上させるためには、上記無機微粒
子の粒径は小さい方が好ましい。しかし、細か過
ぎる粒子では粘度が上昇し、その混合重合体の取
扱いが困難となるので好ましくない。したがつて
実用的には平均粒径で1.0μ以下、好ましくは0.1μ
以下の無機粒子が適当である。 なお、上記無機粒子は、電池内の電解液、たと
えばアルカリ液や有機電解液などに接触しても安
定なものを選択する必要がある。もつとも、通常
の無機微粒子は上記電解液に安定であるので特に
このような注意を払わなくともよい。 イソブチレン系重合体と無機微粒子の混合は、
適宜の混合方法、たとえば、ミキサー、バンバリ
ーミキサー、エクストルーダーなどを利用して混
合する方法などによることができる。 本発明は、上記したように電池ケースと該ケー
スに発電要素を収納して該電池ケースの開口部を
封口してなる電池に適用でき、特にアルカリ電
池、またはジメトキシエタン、プロピレンカーボ
ネート、テトラハイドロフランなどのアプロチツ
クな極性溶媒を用いるリチウム電池と称される電
池およびマンガン電池などに好適である。 [実施例および比較例] 以下、本発明を実施例および比較例に基づいて
具体的に説明する。 第1図に示す構造の本発明に係る電池(実施
例)と、従来のシール材を使用した電池(比較
例)とを作製し、比較を行なつた。 作製した電池は単2型(サイズ:径25mm、高さ
50mm、1.5Ah)のものをそれぞれ25個である。 これらの電池を、通常の方法で充放電を繰返し
た後に、温度40℃、湿度95%の雰囲気下で保存し
た。その後封口部からの漏液の状態を観察した。
結果は漏液した電池の数として第1表に示す。
[Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a battery sealed with a sealing material, and more particularly to a battery sealed with a sealing material made of an isobutylene polymer containing inorganic fine particles. [Prior art and its problems] In so-called alkaline batteries that use alkaline electrolytes, the use of various sealing materials has been proposed due to the creep characteristics peculiar to alkaline aqueous solutions such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. There is. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-16449 discloses a technique for sealing a coating material mainly made of a copolymer of n-butylene and isobutylene into the gap between openings in an alkaline battery that is sealed with a synthetic rubber gasket and a sealing lid. is disclosed. Further, in JP-A-55-59655, polyisobutylene is applied as a sealing material for lithium batteries using organic electrolytes. However, these copolymers of n-butylene and isobutylene, polyisobutylene, etc. do not necessarily have sufficient leakage resistance, and further improvements have been desired. The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a battery with good leakage resistance. [Configuration of the Invention] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the battery of the present invention has an average molecular weight of 1 to 20% by weight of inorganic fine particles.
It is characterized in that the gap between the battery sealing parts is sealed with a sealing material made of a polymer mainly composed of isobutylene having a molecular weight of 700 to 10,000. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail based on the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a sealed portion of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the battery shown in the figure, a power generating element with a nickel hydroxide anode and a cadmium cathode is housed in a battery case 1, which also serves as an iron cathode terminal, and an appropriate amount of electrolyte consisting of a 30% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution is injected. ing. Then, as with a normal battery, gasket 2
The opening of the battery case 1 is sealed by a sealing plate 3. A sealing material 4, which is a feature of the present invention, is sealed in a gap 5 in a sealing part of a battery. Since the sealing material 4 has appropriate fluidity, the gap 5 can be sealed by any filling method such as coating, dipping, brushing, or injection. Incidentally, the gap between the sealing portion of the present invention includes the gap between the gasket 2 and the electric plate (FIG. 2) as the case may be. The sealing material 4 is a polymer formed by polymerizing isobutylene as a main monomer, such as an isobutylene homopolymer or a copolymer of isobutylene and n-butene. These are easily available under the trade names of Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd., such as Nippon Oil Polybutene and Tetrax. Moreover, the average molecular weight is preferably 700 to 10,000. If it is less than 700, the sealing performance is insufficient due to low viscosity. Moreover, if the average molecular weight exceeds 10,000, the viscosity becomes too high and handling operations such as coating become difficult, which is not preferable. The present invention is characterized in that 1 to 20% by weight of inorganic fine particles are mixed with the above polymer. Inorganic fine particles used in the present invention include calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium sulfate,
Various rubber or plastic inorganic fillers can be used, such as barium sulfate, clay, talc, kaolin, and the like. However, preferred inorganic fine particles are silica fine particles or organic bentonite. Examples of the silica include finely ground silica, precipitated silica, surface-treated hydrophobic silica, and pyrolytic silica. Organic bentonite refers to organically modified bentonite in which an exchangeable base in bentonite is ion-exchanged with a cation, for example, an appropriate cation such as octadecyl ammonium salt. By adding the above-mentioned inorganic fine particles to the isobutylene polymer, the so-called flow phenomenon of the isobutylene polymer can be prevented, thereby significantly improving the leakage resistance. In order to improve leakage resistance, the particle size of the inorganic fine particles is preferably small. However, particles that are too fine are not preferred because the viscosity increases and the mixed polymer becomes difficult to handle. Therefore, in practical terms, the average particle size is 1.0μ or less, preferably 0.1μ.
The following inorganic particles are suitable. Note that it is necessary to select the above-mentioned inorganic particles that are stable even when they come into contact with the electrolyte in the battery, such as an alkaline solution or an organic electrolyte. However, since ordinary inorganic fine particles are stable in the above-mentioned electrolytic solution, there is no need to pay such special attention. The mixture of isobutylene polymer and inorganic fine particles is
An appropriate mixing method may be used, for example, a method of mixing using a mixer, a Banbury mixer, an extruder, or the like. As described above, the present invention is applicable to a battery including a battery case, a power generation element housed in the case, and an opening of the battery case sealed, and particularly to alkaline batteries, or dimethoxyethane, propylene carbonate, tetrahydrofuran. It is suitable for batteries called lithium batteries and manganese batteries that use approach polar solvents such as. [Examples and Comparative Examples] The present invention will be specifically described below based on Examples and Comparative Examples. A battery according to the present invention having the structure shown in FIG. 1 (Example) and a battery using a conventional sealing material (Comparative Example) were manufactured and compared. The fabricated battery is AA type (size: diameter 25mm, height
50mm, 1.5Ah), 25 pieces each. These batteries were repeatedly charged and discharged in the usual manner and then stored in an atmosphere at a temperature of 40° C. and a humidity of 95%. Thereafter, the state of leakage from the sealing part was observed.
The results are shown in Table 1 as the number of batteries that leaked.

【表】 備考:
*1:商品名 日石ポリブテンHV−300(日本石
油化学株式会社製)
*2:微粉砕結晶質シリカ(平均粒径0.08μ)
[発明の効果] 以上説明したように、本発明に使用するシール
材は、イソブチレン系重合体特有の性質であるい
わゆるコールドフローが少ないので、本発明の電
池は長期間の保存においても耐漏液性が良好であ
る。また、このシール材はアルカリ電解液にも不
活性であるので、本発明の電池はアルカリ電解液
を用いたものであつても耐漏液性がよい。さら
に、本発明に使用するシール材は適宜の粘度を有
しているので、注入、塗布などの取扱い作業が容
易であり、したがつて本発明の電池はその製造が
容易である。
[Table] Notes:
*1: Product name Nisseki Polybutene HV-300 (manufactured by Nippon Petrochemical Co., Ltd.)
*2: Finely ground crystalline silica (average particle size 0.08μ)
[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, since the sealing material used in the present invention has little so-called cold flow, which is a property unique to isobutylene polymers, the battery of the present invention has leakage resistance even during long-term storage. is good. Further, since this sealing material is also inert to alkaline electrolyte, the battery of the present invention has good leakage resistance even when using alkaline electrolyte. Furthermore, since the sealing material used in the present invention has an appropriate viscosity, handling operations such as injection and coating are easy, and therefore, the battery of the present invention is easy to manufacture.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1〜2図は本発明の一実施例に係る電池の封
入口部を示す断面図である。 1……ケース、2……ガスケツト、3……封口
板、4A,4B……シール材、5……封口部の間
隙部。
1 and 2 are cross-sectional views showing the sealing opening of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Case, 2... Gasket, 3... Sealing plate, 4A, 4B... Sealing material, 5... Gap part of the sealing part.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 無機微粒子を1〜20重量%含む平均分子量
700〜10000のイソブチレンを主とする重合体から
なるシール材で電池封口部をシールしてなること
を特徴とする電池。 2 前記無機微粒子がシリカ粒子である前記特許
請求の範囲第1項記載の電池。 3 前記無機微粒子が有機ベントナイト粒子であ
る前記特許請求の範囲第1項記載の電池。
[Claims] 1. Average molecular weight containing 1 to 20% by weight of inorganic fine particles
A battery characterized in that a battery sealing part is sealed with a sealing material made of a polymer mainly composed of isobutylene having a molecular weight of 700 to 10,000. 2. The battery according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic fine particles are silica particles. 3. The battery according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic fine particles are organic bentonite particles.
JP60292919A 1985-12-27 1985-12-27 Battery Granted JPS62154552A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60292919A JPS62154552A (en) 1985-12-27 1985-12-27 Battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60292919A JPS62154552A (en) 1985-12-27 1985-12-27 Battery

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62154552A JPS62154552A (en) 1987-07-09
JPH0558216B2 true JPH0558216B2 (en) 1993-08-26

Family

ID=17788097

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60292919A Granted JPS62154552A (en) 1985-12-27 1985-12-27 Battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62154552A (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4664951B2 (en) * 2007-08-24 2011-04-06 アイシン精機株式会社 Dye-sensitized solar cell
JP2009295555A (en) * 2008-06-09 2009-12-17 Panasonic Corp Battery
KR101740184B1 (en) * 2015-03-24 2017-05-25 주식회사 엘지화학 Adhesive composition
JP7357275B2 (en) * 2018-10-10 2023-10-06 パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 Batteries and laminated batteries
DE102018010001A1 (en) * 2018-12-27 2020-07-02 FRÖTEK Vermögensverwaltung GmbH Plug of a battery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62154552A (en) 1987-07-09

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