JPH0549101B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0549101B2 JPH0549101B2 JP60218058A JP21805885A JPH0549101B2 JP H0549101 B2 JPH0549101 B2 JP H0549101B2 JP 60218058 A JP60218058 A JP 60218058A JP 21805885 A JP21805885 A JP 21805885A JP H0549101 B2 JPH0549101 B2 JP H0549101B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ring
- general formula
- group
- resin
- formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005577 anthracene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MYKQKWIPLZEVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11h-benzo[a]carbazole Chemical group C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1N2 MYKQKWIPLZEVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- NYESPUIMUJRIAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphtho[1,2-e][1]benzofuran Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=C3C(C=CO4)=C4C=CC3=CC=C21 NYESPUIMUJRIAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 methoxy, ethoxy Chemical group 0.000 description 25
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 5
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 4
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004923 naphthylmethyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C* 0.000 description 3
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N coronene Chemical group C1=C(C2=C34)C=CC3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C4C3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C2C3=C1 VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 description 2
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002112 pyrrolidino group Chemical group [*]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBDYKGMNMDIHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitroanthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 JBDYKGMNMDIHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFSIHROQZLYJMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dinitro-1-phenylethanone Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C([N+]([O-])=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JFSIHROQZLYJMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKNIDKXOANSRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4-trinitrofluoren-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C([N+](=O)[O-])C([N+]([O-])=O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(=O)C3=CC2=C1 FKNIDKXOANSRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWWQNDLIYXEFQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dinitrofluoren-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(=O)C3=CC2=C1 JWWQNDLIYXEFQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOERSAVCLPYNIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,5,7-tetranitrofluoren-9-one Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C2C2=C1C=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C2[N+]([O-])=O JOERSAVCLPYNIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FLCWJWNCSHIREG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)benzaldehyde Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1C=O FLCWJWNCSHIREG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFNVQNRYTPFDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanopyridine Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=N1 FFNVQNRYTPFDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMXDVBRYDYFVGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene Chemical compound COC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O FMXDVBRYDYFVGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1CCCO1 WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002373 5 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004070 6 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010007269 Carcinogenicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004419 Panlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFPSDOXLHBDCOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrene-1,6-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)C=C2)=C3C2=CC=C2C(=O)C=CC1=C32 YFPSDOXLHBDCOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MZZSDCJQCLYLLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Secalonsaeure A Natural products COC(=O)C12OC3C(CC1=C(O)CC(C)C2O)C(=CC=C3c4ccc(O)c5C(=O)C6=C(O)CC(C)C(O)C6(Oc45)C(=O)OC)O MZZSDCJQCLYLLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UATJOMSPNYCXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trinitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 UATJOMSPNYCXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006311 Urethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004653 anthracenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BHXFKXOIODIUJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-dicarbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 BHXFKXOIODIUJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYONAGGJKCJOBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzimidazol-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(=O)N=C21 MYONAGGJKCJOBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJQBHOAJJGIPRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl cyanide Chemical compound N#CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJQBHOAJJGIPRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007670 carcinogenicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000260 carcinogenicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000664 diazo group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[*] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Chemical group C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LAQPNDIUHRHNCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC(C#N)=C1 LAQPNDIUHRHNCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoxazole Chemical compound C=1C=NOC=1 CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000018 nitroso group Chemical group N(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013034 phenoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006287 phenoxy resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INAAIJLSXJJHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pibenzimol Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCN1C1=CC=C(N=C(N2)C=3C=C4NC(=NC4=CC=3)C=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C2=C1 INAAIJLSXJJHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000587 piperidin-1-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazoline Chemical compound C1CN=NC1 DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNFCBQVDIQELAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline;cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-].N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 QNFCBQVDIQELAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLDYACGHTUPAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyanoethylene Chemical group N#CC(C#N)=C(C#N)C#N NLDYACGHTUPAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole Chemical compound C1=CSN=N1.C1=CSN=N1 VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N thioindigo Chemical compound S\1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C/1=C1/C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
- G03G5/0557—Macromolecular bonding materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsatured bonds
- G03G5/0564—Polycarbonates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0664—Dyes
- G03G5/0675—Azo dyes
- G03G5/0687—Trisazo dyes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0664—Dyes
- G03G5/0675—Azo dyes
- G03G5/0687—Trisazo dyes
- G03G5/0688—Trisazo dyes containing hetero rings
Description
[産業上の利用分野]
本発明は電子写真感光体に関し、特に特定のト
リスアゾ顔料とポリカーボネートZ樹脂を含有す
ることにより、特性の改良された感光層を有する
電子写真感光体に関する。
[従来の技術]
従来の電子写真感光体としては、無機光導電物
質のセレン、硫化カドミユウム、酸化亜鉛や非晶
質硅素を用いたものや、ポリ−N−ビニルカルバ
ゾール、ポリビニルアントラセン等の光導電性ポ
リマー、又はジエチルアミノベンズアルデヒド−
N,N−ジフエニルヒドラゾンの如き低分子の各
種有機光導電物質を用いたものや有機顔料を分散
したものが知られている。このうち、電子写真感
光体に使用される有機顔料としては、スーダンレ
ツド、ダイアンブルー等のアゾ顔料、ジスアゾ顔
料、アルゴールイエロー、ピレンキノン等のキノ
ン顔料、キノシアニン顔料、ペリレン顔料、イン
ジゴ、チオインジゴ等のインジゴ顔料、インドフ
アーストオレンジトナー等のビスベンゾイミダゾ
ール顔料、銅フタロシアニン等のフタロシアニン
顔料、キナクリドン顔料等が挙げられる。
これらの顔料を分散して有する感光体は一部実
用化されているものがあるが感度的に充分満足さ
れているものではない。
これは顔料の場合は成膜されるための結着剤と
いうものが必要であり、この結着剤によつて電荷
の移動が阻害されるためである。
そのため顔料を使用する場合には、その顔料に
とつて最適な結着剤が不可欠である。
一方、感光層を光によつて電荷を発生する電荷
発生層とその電荷を輸送する電荷輸送層に分けた
機能分離型感光層の場合においては顔料は電荷発
生層に使用される。この場合には、電荷発生層の
結着剤は勿論、電荷輸送層の結着剤も感度を決定
する要因となる。
即ち、電荷発生層で発生した電荷を効率よく電
荷輸送層に注入させることが高感度化の決め手で
あるが電荷発生層の顔料と電荷輸送層の結着剤の
組み合わせが悪いと両層の界面に注入の障壁がで
き注入効率が低下する。そのため機能分離型感光
層においても顔料にとつて最適な電荷輸送層の結
着剤の選定が不可欠である。
[発明が解決しようとする問題点]
本発明は、上記のような従来の技術に鑑み、感
光層中に含まれる顔料と結着剤樹脂を組み合わせ
ることにより、より高感度な電子写真感光体を提
供することを目的とする。
さらに他の目的は生産安定性に優れた電子写真
感光体を提供することである。
[問題点を解決するための手段、作用]
本発明は顔料として後記一般式(1)で示されるト
リスアゾ顔料の少なくとも1種を用い、結着剤と
して後記一般式(2)で示されるポリカーボネートZ
樹脂とを組み合わせることにより前記目的を達成
したものである。
即ち、本発明は、下記一般式(1)で示されるトリ
スアゾ顔料の少なくとも1種と下記一般式(2)で示
されるポリカーボネートZ樹脂を含有する感光層
を有することを特徴とする電子写真感光体から構
成される。
一般式
式中、Aはフエノール性OH基を有するカツプ
ラー残基を示す。
一般式
式中、nは平均重合度を示し、50〜5000の範囲
である。
本発明によれば、一般式(1)で示されるトリスア
ゾ顔料は、他の有機顔料に比べて高感度で光照射
による劣化も小さく高耐久である。
さらに一般式(2)で示されるポリカーボネートZ
樹脂と組み合わせることにより、高感度で機械的
な表面劣化の少ない高耐久の感光層が形成され
る。
上記一般式(1)におけるAで示されるフエノール
性OH基を有するカツプラー残基としては、下記
一般式(3)乃至(9)で示される。
一般式
式中、Xはベンゼン環と縮合してなるナフタレ
ン環、アントラセン環、カルバゾール環、ベンズ
カルバゾール環、ジベンゾフラン環、ベンゾナフ
トフラン環及びジフエニレンサルフアイド環から
選ばれる多環芳香環又はヘテロ環を形成するに必
要な残基を示し、なかでもナフタレン環、アント
ラセン環、ベンズカルバゾール環、カルバゾール
環がより望ましい。R1及びR2は水素原子、置換
基を有してもよいアルキル基、アラルキル基、ア
リール基及びヘテロ環基から選ばれる基、又は
R1、R2の結合する窒素原子とともに形成する環
状アミノ基を示し、アルキル基の具体例としては
メチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル等の基、アラ
ルキル基の具体例としてはベンジル、フエネチ
ル、ナフチルメチル等の基、アリール基の具体例
としてはフエニル、ジフエニル、ナフチル、アン
スリル等の基、ヘテロ環基としてはカルバゾー
ル、ジベンゾフラン、ベンズイミダゾロン、ベン
ズチアゾール、チアゾール、ピリジン等の基が挙
げられる。
上記アルキル基、アラルキル基、アリール基及
びヘテロ環基の有してもよい置換基としては、例
えばメチル、エチル、プロピル等のアルキル基、
メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ等のアルコキシ
基、フツ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原
子等のハロゲン原子、ニトロ基、シアノ基、ジメ
チルアミノ、ジベンジルアミノ、ジフエニルアミ
ノ等の置換アミノ基等が挙げられる。
一般式
一般式
一般式(4)、(5)中のR3及びR4は置換基を有して
もよいアルキル基、アラルキル基及びアリール基
から選ばれる基を示す。
上記R3及びR4の具体例としては、前記一般式
(3)、(4)におけるR1及びR2と同じ例が挙げられる。
一般式
一般式
一般式(6)及び(7)中のYは芳香族炭化水素の2価
の基又は窒素原子を環内に含むヘテロ環の2価の
基を示す。
上記芳香族炭化水素の2価の基としては、0−
フエニレン等の単環式芳香族炭化水素の2価の
基、0−ナフチレン、ペリナフチレン、1,2−
アンスリレン、9,10−フエナンスリレン等の多
環式芳香族炭化水素の2価の基が挙げられ、窒素
原子を環内に含むヘテロ環の2価の基としては、
例えば3,4−ピラゾールジイル、2,3−ピリ
ジンジイル、4,5−ピリミジンジイル、6,7
−イミダゾールジイル、5,6−ベンズイミダゾ
ールジイル、6,7−キノリンジイル等の5員あ
るいは6員環のヘテロ環で2価の基等が挙げられ
る。
一般式
式中、R5及びR6は水素原子、置換基を有して
もよいアルキル基、アラルキル基、アリール基及
びヘテロ環基から選ばれる基、又はR5、R6の結
合する炭素原子とともに5員あるいは6員環を形
成する残基を示し、この5員あるいは6員環は縮
合芳香族環を有してもよく、Zはベンゼン環と縮
合してなるナフタレン環、アントラセン環、カル
バゾール環、ベンズカルバゾール環、ジベンゾフ
ラン環、ベンゾナフトフラン環及びジフエニレン
サルフアイド環から選ばれる多環芳香環、又はヘ
テロ環を形成するに必要な残基を示す。
上記アルキル基の具体例としてはメチル、エチ
ル、プロピル、ブチル等の基、アラルキル基の具
体例としてはベンジル、フエネチル、ナフチルメ
チル等の基、アリール基の具体例としてはフエニ
ル、ジフエニル、ナフチル、アンスリル、ピレニ
ル等の基、ヘテロ環基の具体例としてはピリジ
ル、チエニル、フリル、カルバゾイル等の基が挙
げられ、さらに、上記基の有してもよい置換基と
しては、フツ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ
素原子等のハロゲン原子、メチル、エチル、プロ
ピル、ブチル等のアルキル基、メトキシ、エトキ
シ、プロポキシ、ブトキシ等のアルコキシ基、ニ
トロ基、シアノ基、ジメチルアミノ、ジエチルア
ミノ、ジプロピルアミノ、ジベンジルアミノ、ジ
フエニルアミノ、モルホリノ、ピペリジノ、ピロ
リジノ等の置換アミノ基等が挙げられる。
上記R5、R6の結合する炭素原子とともに5員
あるいは6員環を形成する残基であつて、この5
員あるいは6員環は縮合芳香族環を有してもよい
基の具体例としてはシクロペンチリデン、シクロ
ヘキシリデン、9−キサンテニリデン等の基が挙
げられる。
一般式
式中、R7及びR8は水素原子、置換基を有して
もよいアルキル基、アラルキル基、アリール基及
びヘテロ環基から選ばれる基、又はR7、R8の結
合する炭素原子とともに5員あるいは6員環を形
成する残基を示し、この5員あるいは6員環は縮
合芳香族環を有してもよく、Zはベンゼン環と縮
合してなるナフタレン環、アントラセン環、カル
バゾール環、ベンズカルバゾール環、ジベンゾフ
ラン環、ベンゾナフトフラン環及びジフエニレン
サルフアイド環から選ばれる多環芳香環、又はヘ
テロ環を形成するに必要な残基を示す。
上記アルキル基の具体例としてはメチル、エチ
ル、プロピル、ブチル等の、アラルキル基の具体
例としてはベンジル、フエネチル、ナフチルメチ
ル等の基、アリール基の具体例としてはフエニ
ル、ナフチル、アンスリル、ジフエニル等の基、
ヘテロ環基の具体例としてはピリジル、チエニ
ル、フリル、カルバゾイル等の基が挙げられ、さ
らに上記基が有してもよい置換基としては、フツ
素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子等のハ
ロゲン原子、メチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル
等のアルキル基、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキ
シ、ブトキシ等のアルコキシ基、ニトロ基、シア
ノ基、ジメチルアミノ、ジエチルアミノ、ジプロ
ピルアミノ、ジベンジルアミノ、ジフエニルアミ
ノ、モルホリノ、ピペリジノ、ピロリジノ等の置
換アミノ基等が挙げられる。上記R7、R8の結合
する炭素原子とともに5員あるいは6員環を形成
する残基であつて、この5員あるいは6員環は縮
合芳香族環を有してもよい基の具体例としてはシ
クロペンチリデン、シクロヘキシリデン、9−キ
サンテニリデン等の基が挙げられる。
前記一般式(1)で示されるトリスアゾ顔料の具体
例を以下に示す。
No.例示化合物
これらの例示顔料以外にも一般式(1)に含まれる
トリスアゾ顔料は数多く存在する。
前記一般式(2)で示されるポリカーボネートZ樹
脂は、(a)透明性が良好、(b)電気絶縁性、耐電圧が
ともに高い、(c)表面が硬く適度の滑性を有してお
り、機械的に摩耗しにくい等の特徴があり、さら
に(d)溶剤に溶解させた場合の安定性に優れてい
る。
通常のポリカーボネート樹脂、即ち、
なる構造式で示されるビスフエノールA型ポリカ
ーボネート樹脂は高分子の結晶性が高いため溶解
をした場合にゲル化しやすく、2日程度で使用不
可能となる欠点を有しており、この点で大きく異
なる。
本発明の特定のトリスアゾ顔料とポリカーボネ
ートZ樹脂を組み合わせることにより、顔料粒子
と樹脂の界面に光照射時の電荷の移動を阻止する
障壁層が形成される程度はポリカーボネートZ樹
脂以外との組み合わせより格段に小さく、かつ、
ポリカーボネートZ樹脂構造式のベンゼン環及び
シクロヘキシル団が電荷の移動を容易にし、感度
を向上するようである。
本発明による電子写真感光体の形態としては、
(a) 一般式(1)で示されるトリスアゾ顔料(以下
「トリスアゾ顔料」と記載する)をポリカーボ
ネートZ樹脂に分散した感光層、
(b) トリスアゾ顔料をポリカーボネートZ樹脂と
電荷輸送物質(電子供与性化合物及び/又は電
子受容性化合物)に分散した感光層、
(c) トリスアゾ顔料を結着剤樹脂(ポリカーボネ
ートZ樹脂でもよいし、他の樹脂でもよい)に
分散した層を電荷発生層とし、この上にポリカ
ーボネートZ樹脂と電荷輸送物質を含む電荷輸
送層を積層した機能分離型感光層、
(d) 電荷輸送層の上にトリスアゾ顔料とポリカー
ボネートZ樹脂を含む電荷発生層を積層した機
能分離型感光層等が挙げられる。
電子供与性化合物としては、主鎖又は側鎖にア
ントラセン、ピレン、フエナンスレン、コロネン
等の多環芳香環又はインドール、カルバゾール、
オキサゾール、イソオキサゾール、チアゾール、
イミダゾール、ピラゾール、オキサジアゾール、
ピラゾリン、チアジアゾール、トリアゾール等の
含窒素ヘテロ環を有する化合物、ヒドラゾン化合
物、芳香族アミノ化合物等が挙げられる。電子受
容性化合物としては、ニトロ基、ニトロソ基、シ
アノ基等の電子受容性置換基を有する脂肪族環式
化合物、芳香族化合物、ヘテロ環式化合物等があ
り、例えばテトラシアノエチレン、トリニトロベ
ンゼン、ジニトロアセトフエノン、トリニトロア
ニソール、テトラニトロナフタレン、テレフタロ
ニトリル、イソフタロニトリル、シアン化ベンゾ
イル、シアン化キノリン、シアノピリジン、ニト
ロアンスラセン、ジニトロフルオレノン、トリニ
トロフルオレノン、テトラニトロフルオレノン、
テトラシアノピレン等が挙げられる。
電子受容性化合物は一般的に発癌性等の有害性
のため好ましくない。
電子供与性化合物を用いる場合、前述の(c)の形
態では負帯電、(d)の形態では正帯電に使用され
る。
電荷輸送層は、電荷輸送物質と樹脂を5:1〜
1:2(重量比)程度に混合されて形成され、膜
厚は5〜20μ程度である。
前述(c)の形態でトリスアゾ顔料の結着剤樹脂と
しては、ポリカーボネートZのほかポリエステ
ル、ポリビニルベンザーフレ、ポリビニルブチラ
ール、ポリビニルピロリドン、メチルセルロー
ス、ポリアクリル酸エステル類、セルロースエス
テル類等が適宜使用される。分散は、樹脂溶液に
顔料を混合した後ボールミル、ロールミル、サン
ドミル、コロイドミル等の常法によることができ
る。電荷発生層の厚さは0.01〜1μ、好ましくは
0.05〜0.5μである。
電荷輸送層の上に形成される場合には、より厚
く、0.5〜5μ程度である。
顔料と樹脂の比は5:1〜1:2程度である。
[発明の効果]
本発明の電子写真感光体において、特定のトリ
スアゾ顔料とポリカーボネートZ樹脂を含有する
感光層は高感度で残留電位が少なく、さらに帯
電、露光を繰り返した際の明部電位が上昇するこ
となく安定しており、又、表面にポリカーボネー
トZ樹脂が存在するので表面の高度が高く、潤滑
性にも優れているので摺擦傷が付きにくく、機械
的耐久性を向上させることができる。
さらにポリカーボネートZ樹脂の溶液は保存安
定性が良いので、生産性が向上し、品質安定化に
も貢献することができる。
[実施例]
実施例 1〜6
基体として、肉厚0.5mmで60φ×260mmのアルミ
ニウムシリンダーを用意した。
次に共重合ナイロン(商品名CM8000、東レ(株)
製)4部及びタイプ8ナイロン(商品名ラツカマ
イド5003、大日本インキ化学(株)製)4部をメタノ
ール50部、nブタノール50部に溶解し、上記基体
上に浸漬塗布して0.6μ厚のポリアミド下引層を形
成した。
次に、一般式(1)で示されるトリスアゾ顔料の例
示顔料から選らばれたトリスアゾ顔料を10部及び
ポリビニルブチラール(商品名エスレツクBM−
2、積水化学(株)製)10部をシクロヘキサノン120
部と共にサンドミル装置で10時間分散した。分散
液にメチルエチルケトン30部を加えて上記下引層
上に塗布し、0.15μ厚の電荷発生層を形成した。
次にポリカーボネートZ樹脂(三菱ガス化学(株)
製)の重量平均分子量12万のもの10部を用意し、
下記構造式のヒドラゾン化合物10部と共に
モノクロルベンゼン80部に溶解した。これを上記
電荷発生層上に塗布して16μ厚の電荷輸送層を形
成した。
上記選択の例示トリスアゾ顔料(1)、(9)、(14)、
(18)、(22)、(32)に対応して実施例1〜6の電子
写真感光体とする。
このようにして作成した電子写真感光体を、−
5.6KVコロナ帯電、画像露光、乾式トナー現像、
普通紙へのトナー転写、ウレタンゴムブレード
(高度70°、圧力5Kgw/cm2、感光体に対する角度
20°)によるクリーニング工程等を有する電子写
真複写機に取り付けて電子写真特性を評価した。
電位を測定すると暗部電位(VD)が−700Vで
10ルツクス・秒の露光を与えた時の電位(VL)
は第1表に示す結果となつた。
比較例 1〜4
実施例1のトリスアゾ顔料に代えて下記A〜D
の有機顔料を用いた他は実施例1と同様な方法で
電子写真感光体を作成した(A〜Dに対応して比
較例1〜4とする)。 電子写真特性の測定結果
は第1表に示した。
有機顔料
A β型銅フタロシアニン(大日本インキ化学(株)
製、但し、水、エタノール、メチルエチルケト
ンで順次熱濾過して生成した顔料である)
B
C
D
[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor, and more particularly to an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer with improved characteristics by containing a specific trisazo pigment and a polycarbonate Z resin. [Prior Art] Conventional electrophotographic photoreceptors include those using inorganic photoconductive materials such as selenium, cadmium sulfide, zinc oxide, and amorphous silicon, and those using photoconductive materials such as poly-N-vinylcarbazole and polyvinylanthracene. polymer, or diethylaminobenzaldehyde
Those using various low-molecular organic photoconductive substances such as N,N-diphenylhydrazone and those in which organic pigments are dispersed are known. Among these, organic pigments used in electrophotographic photoreceptors include azo pigments such as Sudan Red and Diane Blue, disazo pigments, quinone pigments such as Algol Yellow and pyrene quinone, quinocyanine pigments, perylene pigments, and indigo pigments such as indigo and thioindigo. , bisbenzimidazole pigments such as India First Orange Toner, phthalocyanine pigments such as copper phthalocyanine, and quinacridone pigments. Although some photoreceptors having these pigments dispersed therein have been put to practical use, they are not fully satisfactory in terms of sensitivity. This is because pigments require a binder to form a film, and this binder inhibits the movement of charges. Therefore, when using pigments, it is essential to use a binder that is optimal for the pigments. On the other hand, in the case of a functionally separated photosensitive layer in which the photosensitive layer is divided into a charge generation layer that generates charges by light and a charge transport layer that transports the charges, a pigment is used in the charge generation layer. In this case, not only the binder of the charge generation layer but also the binder of the charge transport layer becomes a factor in determining the sensitivity. In other words, the key to high sensitivity is to efficiently inject the charges generated in the charge generation layer into the charge transport layer, but if the combination of the pigment in the charge generation layer and the binder in the charge transport layer is poor, the interface between the two layers This creates an injection barrier and reduces injection efficiency. Therefore, even in the functionally separated photosensitive layer, it is essential to select a binder for the charge transport layer that is optimal for the pigment. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In view of the above-mentioned conventional techniques, the present invention aims to create an electrophotographic photoreceptor with higher sensitivity by combining a pigment contained in a photosensitive layer and a binder resin. The purpose is to provide. Still another object is to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor with excellent production stability. [Means and effects for solving the problems] The present invention uses at least one trisazo pigment represented by the general formula (1) described below as a pigment, and polycarbonate Z represented by the general formula (2) described later as a binder.
The above object is achieved by combining the resin with the resin. That is, the present invention provides an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer containing at least one trisazo pigment represented by the following general formula (1) and a polycarbonate Z resin represented by the following general formula (2). It consists of general formula In the formula, A represents a coupler residue having a phenolic OH group. general formula In the formula, n represents the average degree of polymerization and is in the range of 50 to 5000. According to the present invention, the trisazo pigment represented by the general formula (1) has higher sensitivity and less deterioration due to light irradiation than other organic pigments, and is highly durable. Furthermore, polycarbonate Z represented by general formula (2)
By combining it with a resin, a highly durable photosensitive layer with high sensitivity and little mechanical surface deterioration is formed. The coupler residue having a phenolic OH group represented by A in the above general formula (1) is represented by the following general formulas (3) to (9). general formula In the formula, Residues necessary for formation are shown, and among them, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, benzcarbazole ring, and carbazole ring are more preferable. R 1 and R 2 are a hydrogen atom, a group selected from an alkyl group that may have a substituent, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group, or
Indicates a cyclic amino group formed with the nitrogen atom to which R 1 and R 2 are bonded. Specific examples of alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl, and specific examples of aralkyl groups include benzyl, phenethyl, and naphthylmethyl. Specific examples of the aryl group include phenyl, diphenyl, naphthyl, and anthryl, and examples of the heterocyclic group include carbazole, dibenzofuran, benzimidazolone, benzthiazole, thiazole, and pyridine. Examples of the substituents that the alkyl group, aralkyl group, aryl group, and heterocyclic group may have include alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, and propyl;
Examples include alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, and propoxy; halogen atoms such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, and iodine atom; and substituted amino groups such as nitro group, cyano group, dimethylamino, dibenzylamino, and diphenylamino. . general formula general formula R 3 and R 4 in general formulas (4) and (5) represent groups selected from alkyl groups, aralkyl groups, and aryl groups that may have substituents. As a specific example of R 3 and R 4 above, the general formula
The same examples as R 1 and R 2 in (3) and (4) are given. general formula general formula Y in the general formulas (6) and (7) represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a divalent heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom in the ring. The divalent group of the aromatic hydrocarbon mentioned above is 0-
Divalent groups of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as phenylene, 0-naphthylene, perinaphthylene, 1,2-
Examples of divalent groups of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as anthrylene and 9,10-phenanthrylene include heterocyclic divalent groups containing a nitrogen atom in the ring.
For example, 3,4-pyrazolediyl, 2,3-pyridinediyl, 4,5-pyrimidinediyl, 6,7
-imidazolediyl, 5,6-benzimidazolediyl, 6,7-quinolinediyl, and other 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic groups that are divalent. general formula In the formula, R 5 and R 6 are a hydrogen atom, a group selected from an alkyl group that may have a substituent, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group, or 5 together with the carbon atom to which R 5 and R 6 are bonded. This 5- or 6-membered ring may have a fused aromatic ring, and Z is a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring, a carbazole ring fused with a benzene ring, Indicates a residue necessary to form a polycyclic aromatic ring or a heterocycle selected from a benzcarbazole ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a benzonaphthofuran ring, and a diphenylene sulfide ring. Specific examples of the alkyl group mentioned above include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, etc. Specific examples of the aralkyl group include benzyl, phenethyl, naphthylmethyl, etc. Specific examples of the aryl group include phenyl, diphenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, etc. Specific examples of groups such as , pyrenyl, and heterocyclic groups include groups such as pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, carbazoyl, etc. Furthermore, as substituents that the above groups may have, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, Halogen atoms such as bromine and iodine atoms; alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl; alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and butoxy; nitro groups, cyano groups, dimethylamino, diethylamino, dipropylamino, and Examples include substituted amino groups such as benzylamino, diphenylamino, morpholino, piperidino, and pyrrolidino. A residue that forms a 5- or 6-membered ring together with the carbon atom to which R 5 and R 6 are bonded, and this 5
Specific examples of groups in which the membered or six-membered ring may have a condensed aromatic ring include groups such as cyclopentylidene, cyclohexylidene, and 9-xanthenylidene. general formula In the formula, R 7 and R 8 are a hydrogen atom, a group selected from an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, or 5 together with the carbon atom to which R 7 and R 8 are bonded. This 5- or 6-membered ring may have a fused aromatic ring, and Z is a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring, a carbazole ring fused with a benzene ring, Indicates a residue necessary to form a polycyclic aromatic ring or a heterocycle selected from a benzcarbazole ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a benzonaphthofuran ring, and a diphenylene sulfide ring. Specific examples of the alkyl groups mentioned above include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, etc. Specific examples of the aralkyl groups include benzyl, phenethyl, naphthylmethyl, etc. Specific examples of the aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, diphenyl, etc. The basis of
Specific examples of heterocyclic groups include groups such as pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, and carbazoyl, and examples of substituents that the above groups may have include fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, bromine atoms, iodine atoms, etc. Halogen atoms, alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, nitro groups, cyano groups, dimethylamino, diethylamino, dipropylamino, dibenzylamino, diphenylamino, morpholino, Examples include substituted amino groups such as piperidino and pyrrolidino. A specific example of a group that forms a 5- or 6-membered ring together with the carbon atom to which R 7 and R 8 are bonded, and this 5- or 6-membered ring may have a fused aromatic ring. Examples include groups such as cyclopentylidene, cyclohexylidene, and 9-xanthenylidene. Specific examples of the trisazo pigment represented by the general formula (1) are shown below. No. Exemplary compound In addition to these exemplary pigments, there are many other trisazo pigments included in general formula (1). The polycarbonate Z resin represented by the general formula (2) has (a) good transparency, (b) high electrical insulation and withstand voltage, and (c) a hard surface with appropriate lubricity. (d) It has excellent stability when dissolved in a solvent. Ordinary polycarbonate resin, i.e. Bisphenol A type polycarbonate resin, which has the structural formula different. By combining the specific trisazo pigment of the present invention and polycarbonate Z resin, the extent to which a barrier layer is formed at the interface between the pigment particles and the resin to prevent charge movement during light irradiation is much greater than when combining with other than polycarbonate Z resin. small, and
It appears that the benzene ring and cyclohexyl group in the polycarbonate Z resin structure facilitate charge transfer and improve sensitivity. The form of the electrophotographic photoreceptor according to the present invention includes (a) a photosensitive layer in which a trisazo pigment represented by general formula (1) (hereinafter referred to as "trisazo pigment") is dispersed in polycarbonate Z resin; (b) trisazo pigment (c) Trisazo pigment dispersed in a binder resin (polycarbonate Z resin or other resin may be used); ) is used as a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer containing a polycarbonate Z resin and a charge transport substance is laminated thereon.(d) A functionally separated photosensitive layer in which a charge transport layer containing a trisazo pigment and a polycarbonate Z resin is laminated on the charge transport layer. Examples include a functionally separated photosensitive layer in which a charge generation layer containing the following is laminated. Examples of electron-donating compounds include polycyclic aromatic rings such as anthracene, pyrene, phenanthrene, and coronene in the main chain or side chain, or indole, carbazole,
Oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole,
imidazole, pyrazole, oxadiazole,
Examples include compounds having nitrogen-containing heterocycles such as pyrazoline, thiadiazole, and triazole, hydrazone compounds, and aromatic amino compounds. Examples of electron-accepting compounds include aliphatic cyclic compounds, aromatic compounds, and heterocyclic compounds having electron-accepting substituents such as nitro, nitroso, and cyano groups, such as tetracyanoethylene, trinitrobenzene, Dinitroacetophenone, trinitroanisole, tetranitronaphthalene, terephthalonitrile, isophthalonitrile, benzoyl cyanide, quinoline cyanide, cyanopyridine, nitroanthracene, dinitrofluorenone, trinitrofluorenone, tetranitrofluorenone,
Examples include tetracyanopyrene. Electron-accepting compounds are generally not preferred due to their carcinogenicity and other harmful properties. When using an electron donating compound, the above-mentioned form (c) is used for negative charging, and the form (d) is used for positive charging. The charge transport layer contains a charge transport material and a resin in a ratio of 5:1 to 5:1.
It is formed by mixing at a ratio of about 1:2 (weight ratio), and the film thickness is about 5 to 20 μm. In addition to polycarbonate Z, polyester, polyvinyl benzafure, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, methylcellulose, polyacrylic acid esters, cellulose esters, etc. are appropriately used as the binder resin for the trisazo pigment in the form (c) above. Ru. Dispersion can be carried out by a conventional method such as a ball mill, roll mill, sand mill, or colloid mill after the pigment is mixed into the resin solution. The thickness of the charge generation layer is 0.01~1μ, preferably
It is 0.05-0.5μ. When formed on the charge transport layer, it is thicker, on the order of 0.5 to 5 μm. The ratio of pigment to resin is about 5:1 to 1:2. [Effects of the Invention] In the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, the photosensitive layer containing a specific trisazo pigment and polycarbonate Z resin has high sensitivity and low residual potential, and furthermore, the bright area potential increases when charging and exposure are repeated. Furthermore, since the polycarbonate Z resin is present on the surface, the surface is high and has excellent lubricity, making it difficult to get scratches and improving mechanical durability. Furthermore, since the polycarbonate Z resin solution has good storage stability, it can improve productivity and contribute to quality stabilization. [Example] Examples 1 to 6 An aluminum cylinder with a wall thickness of 0.5 mm and a size of 60φ×260 mm was prepared as a base. Next, copolymerized nylon (product name CM8000, Toray Industries, Inc.)
) and 4 parts of Type 8 nylon (trade name Lacucamide 5003, manufactured by Dainippon Ink Chemical Co., Ltd.) were dissolved in 50 parts of methanol and 50 parts of n-butanol, and the solution was applied onto the above substrate by dip coating to form a 0.6μ thick layer. A polyamide undercoat layer was formed. Next, 10 parts of a trisazo pigment selected from the exemplary pigments of trisazo pigments represented by general formula (1) and polyvinyl butyral (trade name Eslec BM-
2. Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) 10 parts to 120 parts of cyclohexanone
The mixture was dispersed for 10 hours in a sand mill apparatus. 30 parts of methyl ethyl ketone was added to the dispersion and coated on the undercoat layer to form a charge generation layer with a thickness of 0.15 μm. Next, polycarbonate Z resin (Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.)
Prepare 10 parts of a product (manufactured by) with a weight average molecular weight of 120,000,
Along with 10 parts of a hydrazone compound with the following structural formula It was dissolved in 80 parts of monochlorobenzene. This was applied onto the charge generation layer to form a charge transport layer with a thickness of 16μ. Exemplary trisazo pigments (1), (9), (14) of the above selections,
Electrophotographic photoreceptors of Examples 1 to 6 were prepared corresponding to (18), (22), and (32). The electrophotographic photoreceptor thus produced was -
5.6KV corona charging, image exposure, dry toner development,
Toner transfer to plain paper, urethane rubber blade (altitude 70°, pressure 5Kgw/cm 2 , angle to photoconductor)
The electrophotographic characteristics were evaluated by attaching it to an electrophotographic copying machine that has a cleaning process at 20°). When the potential was measured, the dark potential (V D ) was -700V.
Potential when exposed to light of 10 lux/second (V L )
The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Examples 1 to 4 The following A to D were used instead of the trisazo pigment of Example 1.
Electrophotographic photoreceptors were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the organic pigment was used (Comparative Examples 1 to 4 correspond to A to D). The measurement results of electrophotographic properties are shown in Table 1. Organic pigment A β-type copper phthalocyanine (Dainippon Ink Chemical Co., Ltd.)
(However, it is a pigment produced by sequential hot filtration with water, ethanol, and methyl ethyl ketone) C D
【表】
以上のように、比較例に比べて実施例の電子写
真感光体は感度が高く、しかも、かぶりのない鮮
明な画像が得られた。
実施例 7
実施例1のトリスアゾ顔料に代えて前記例示顔
料(4)を用いた他は実施例1と同様な方法で電子写
真感光体を作成した。
比較例 5〜8
実施例7における電荷輸送層の形成の際に用い
たポリカーボネートZ樹脂に代え下記の樹脂を用
い、他は実施例7と同様の方法で電子写真感光体
を作成した。
比較例5:アクリル樹脂(商品名BR−80、三菱
レーヨン(株)製)
比較例6:ポリスチレン(商品名スタイロン−
470、旭化成(株)製)
比較例7:フエノキシ樹脂(商品名YP40、東都
化成(株)製)
比較例8:ポリエステル(商品名バイロン−300、
東洋紡績(株)製)
これ等の電子写真感光体を用いて、実施例1と
同様なプロセスを有する電子写真複写機(但し、
露光量は7.2ルツクス・秒)により評価を行つた。
評価は、初期のV、V及び1万枚耐久後のV、V
さらに1万枚目の画像を見ることにより比較し
た。結果、第2表に示した。[Table] As described above, the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the example had higher sensitivity than the comparative example, and moreover, clear images without fog were obtained. Example 7 An electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above-mentioned Exemplary Pigment (4) was used in place of the trisazo pigment of Example 1. Comparative Examples 5 to 8 Electrophotographic photoreceptors were prepared in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the following resins were used in place of the polycarbonate Z resin used in forming the charge transport layer in Example 7. Comparative example 5: Acrylic resin (trade name BR-80, manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) Comparative example 6: Polystyrene (trade name Styron)
470, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.) Comparative example 7: Phenoxy resin (product name YP40, manufactured by Toto Kasei Co., Ltd.) Comparative example 8: Polyester (product name Vylon-300,
(manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) An electrophotographic copying machine having the same process as in Example 1 using these electrophotographic photoreceptors (however,
The evaluation was performed using the exposure amount (7.2 lux·sec).
The evaluation is initial V, V and V, V after 10,000 sheets durability.
Further comparison was made by looking at the 10,000th image. The results are shown in Table 2.
【表】
るかぶり発
生
以上のように1万回の耐久性において、特にポ
リカーボネートZ樹脂を使用した本発明の実施例
は、感度、電位安定性及び画質の面で優れている
ことを証明した。
比較例 9
実施例7における電荷輸送層の形成の際に用い
たポリカーボネートZ樹脂に代えポリカーボネー
トA樹脂(商品名パンライトL−1250、帝人化成
(株)製)を用い、他は実施例7と同様の方法で電子
写真感光体を作成した場合、電子写真感光体とし
ての特性は、VLで実験誤差程度の0〜10Vの変
化であり、大差はなかつた。
しかし、ポリカーボネートA樹脂とヒドラゾン
化合物の樹脂溶液は、24時間後において粘度が3
〜4倍に上昇し、48時間後にはゲル化して流動性
が失われたのに対し、ポリカーボネートZ樹脂の
場合は48時間後においても年度変化が全くなく、
溶液安定性の面で著しく優れていた。
実施例 8
ポリビニルカルバゾール(重量平均分子量6万
のもの)10部とm−ターフエニル2部をモノクロ
ルベンゼン80部及び塩化メチレン20部に溶解し
た。
これを実施例1と同様に形成した下引層上に浸
漬塗布し、18μ厚の電荷輸送層を設けた。
次に前記例示顔料(6)のトリスアゾ顔料10部をポ
リカーボネートZ樹脂(帝人化成(株)製、重量平均
分子量15万のもの)の8%シクロヘキサノン溶液
250部に加えサンドミル装置で10時間分散した。
この分散液を上記電荷輸送層上にドラムを回転さ
せながらスプレー塗布した。このようにして3μ
厚の電荷発生層を形成した。
この電子写真感光体を実施例1と同様の電子写
真複写機に取り付けて評価した。但し、コロナ帯
電は+5.2KVとした。
結果はVDが700V、7.5ルツクス・秒露光させた
場合のVLは140Vであり、良好な画像を得ること
ができ、実施例7と同等の結果を得ることができ
た。
一方、比較例5〜8と同様に樹脂を代えて電子
写真感光体を作成しても、やはり比較例5〜8と
同様の結果であつた。
実施例 9
実施例1のトリスアゾ顔料に代えて前記例示化
合物(3)のトリスアゾ顔料を用いた他は実施例1と
同様な方法で電子写真感光体を作作成した。
上記電子写真感光体に−5KVのコロナ放電を
行なつた。このときの表面電位を測定した(初期
電位VO)。
さらに、この感光体を5秒間暗所で放置した後
の表面電位を測定した(暗減衰VK)。
感度は暗減衰した後の電位VKを1/2に減衰する
に必要な露光量(E1/2μJ/cm2)を測定すること
によつて評価した。この際、光源としてガリウ
ム/アルミニウム/ヒ素の三元系半導体レーザー
(出力:5W、発振波長778nm)を用いた。
これらの結果は次のとおりであつた。
VO:−680V、VK:98%、
E1/2:0.9μJ/cm2
次に上記の半導体レーザーを備えた反転現象方
式の電子写真方式プリンターであるレーザービー
ムプリンター(キヤノン(株)製、LBP−CX)に上
記感光体をLBP−CXの感光体に置き換えてセツ
トし、実際の画像形成テストを行つた。
条件は以下のとおりである。
一次帯電後の表面電位:−170V、
露光後の表面電位:−150V(露光量2μJ/cm2)、
転写電位:+700V、現像極性:負極性、
プロセススピード:50mm/sec、
現像条件(現像バイアス):−450V、
像露光スキヤン方式:イメージスキヤン、
一次帯電前露光:50lux・secの赤色全面露光画
像形成はレーザービームを文字信号及び画像信号
に従つてラインスキヤンして行つた。
1万枚コピーの結果、かぶりのない鮮明な画像
が得られた。
一方、比較例5〜8と同様に樹脂を代えて作成
した感光体の画像は画像濃度が低かつたり、かぶ
りが発生していたりしており良好な画像が得られ
なかつた。[Table] From Kaburi
As described above, in terms of durability after 10,000 cycles, the examples of the present invention using polycarbonate Z resin in particular proved to be excellent in terms of sensitivity, potential stability, and image quality. Comparative Example 9 Polycarbonate A resin (trade name Panlite L-1250, Teijin Kasei Co., Ltd.) was used instead of polycarbonate Z resin used in forming the charge transport layer in Example 7.
When an electrophotographic photoreceptor was produced using the same method as in Example 7, the characteristics as an electrophotographic photoreceptor were as follows. , there was no significant difference. However, the resin solution of polycarbonate A resin and hydrazone compound had a viscosity of 3 after 24 hours.
In contrast, polycarbonate Z resin showed no change at all even after 48 hours, and the fluidity was lost after 48 hours.
It was significantly superior in terms of solution stability. Example 8 10 parts of polyvinyl carbazole (weight average molecular weight 60,000) and 2 parts of m-terphenyl were dissolved in 80 parts of monochlorobenzene and 20 parts of methylene chloride. This was applied by dip coating onto the undercoat layer formed in the same manner as in Example 1 to provide a charge transport layer with a thickness of 18 μm. Next, 10 parts of the trisazo pigment of the above-mentioned exemplary pigment (6) was added to an 8% cyclohexanone solution of polycarbonate Z resin (manufactured by Teijin Kasei Ltd., weight average molecular weight 150,000).
In addition to 250 parts, the mixture was dispersed in a sand mill for 10 hours.
This dispersion was spray coated onto the charge transport layer while rotating the drum. In this way 3μ
A thick charge generation layer was formed. This electrophotographic photoreceptor was attached to the same electrophotographic copying machine as in Example 1 and evaluated. However, the corona charge was set to +5.2KV. As a result, V D was 700 V, and V L was 140 V when exposed at 7.5 lux/second, and a good image could be obtained, and the same results as in Example 7 could be obtained. On the other hand, even when electrophotographic photoreceptors were produced using different resins in the same manner as in Comparative Examples 5 to 8, the results were still similar to those in Comparative Examples 5 to 8. Example 9 An electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the trisazo pigment of Exemplified Compound (3) was used in place of the trisazo pigment of Example 1. A corona discharge of -5 KV was applied to the electrophotographic photoreceptor. The surface potential at this time was measured (initial potential VO ). Furthermore, the surface potential of this photoreceptor was measured after it was left in a dark place for 5 seconds (dark decay V K ). Sensitivity was evaluated by measuring the exposure amount (E1/2 μJ/cm 2 ) required to attenuate the potential V K by 1/2 after dark decay. At this time, a gallium/aluminum/arsenic ternary semiconductor laser (output: 5 W, oscillation wavelength 778 nm) was used as a light source. The results were as follows. V O : -680V, V K : 98%, E1/2: 0.9 μJ/cm Second , a laser beam printer (manufactured by Canon Inc., An actual image forming test was carried out by replacing the above photoreceptor with an LBP-CX photoreceptor. The conditions are as follows. Surface potential after primary charging: -170V, surface potential after exposure: -150V (exposure amount 2μJ/cm 2 ), transfer potential: +700V, development polarity: negative polarity, process speed: 50mm/sec, development conditions (development bias ): -450V, Image exposure scan method: Image scan, Exposure before primary charging: 50 lux sec red full exposure Image formation was performed by line scanning a laser beam in accordance with character and image signals. After copying 10,000 copies, clear images with no fog were obtained. On the other hand, images on photoreceptors prepared using different resins in the same manner as in Comparative Examples 5 to 8 had low image densities and fog, and good images could not be obtained.
Claims (1)
なくとも1種と下記一般式(2)で示されるポリカー
ボネートZ樹脂を含有する感光層を有することを
特徴とする電子写真感光体。 一般式 式中、Aはフエノール性OH基を有するカツプ
ラー残基を示す。 一般式 式中、nは平均重合度を示し、50〜5000の範囲
である。 2 一般式(1)中のAが、下記一般式(3)乃至(9)で示
されるフエノール性OH基を有するカツプラー残
基から選ばれる特許請求の範囲第1項記載の電子
写真感光体。 一般式 式中、Xはベンゼン環と縮合してなるナフタレ
ン環、アントラセン環、カルバゾール環、ベンズ
カルバゾール環、ジベンゾフラン環、ベンゾナフ
トフラン環及びジフエニレンサルフアイド環から
選ばれる多環芳香環又はヘテロ環を形成するに必
要な残基を示し、R1及びR2は水素原子、置換基
を有してもよいアルキル基、アラルキル基、アリ
ール基及びヘテロ環基から選ばれる基、又はR1、
R2の結合する窒素原子とともに形成する環状ア
ミノ基を示す。 一般式 一般式 一般式(4)、(5)中のR3及びR4は置換基を有して
もよいアルキル基、アラキルル基及びアリール基
から選ばれる基を示す。 一般式 一般式 一般式(6)及び(7)中のYは芳香族炭化水素の2価
の基又は窒素原子を環内に含むヘテロ環の2価の
基を示す。 一般式 式中、R5及びR6は水素原子、置換基を有して
もよいアルキル基、アラルキル基、アリール基及
びヘテロ環基から選ばれる基、又はR5、R6の結
合する炭素原子とともに5員あるいは6員環を形
成する残基を示し、この5員あるいは6員環は縮
合芳香族環を有してもよく、Zはベンゼン環と縮
合してなるナフタレン環、アントラセン環、カル
バゾール環、ベンズカルバゾール環、ジベンゾフ
ラン環、ベンゾナフトフラン環及びジフエニレン
サルフアイド環から選ばれる多環芳香環、又はヘ
テロ環を形成するに必要な残基を示す。 一般式 式中、R7及びR8は水素原子、置換基を有して
もよいアルキル基、アラルキル基、アリール基及
びヘテロ環基から選ばれる基、又はR7、R8の結
合する炭素原子とともに5員あるいは6員環を形
成する残基を示し、この5員あるいは6員環は縮
合芳香族環を有してもよく、Zはベンゼン環と縮
合してなるナフタレン環、アントラセン環、カル
バゾール環、ベンズカルバゾール環、ジベンゾフ
ラン環、ベンゾナフトフラン環及びジフエニレン
サルフアイド環から選ばれる多環芳香環、又はヘ
テロ環を形成するに必要な残基を示す。 3 感光層が一般式(1)のトリスアゾ顔料を電荷発
生材とし、電荷輸送材と一般式(2)のポリカーボネ
ートZ樹脂の中に分散したものである特許請求の
範囲第1項又は第2項記載の電子写真感光体。 4 感光層が一般式(1)のトリスアゾ顔料を含む電
荷発生層と電荷輸送材と一般式(2)のポリカーボネ
ートZ樹脂を含む電荷輸送層を積層したものであ
る特許請求の範囲第1項又は第2項記載の電子写
真感光体。 5 感光層が電荷輸送層の上に一般式(1)のトリス
アゾ顔料と一般式(2)のポリカーボネートZ樹脂を
含む電荷発生層を積層したものである特許請求の
範囲第1項又は第2項記載の電子写真感光体。[Scope of Claims] 1. An electrophotographic photosensitive layer comprising a photosensitive layer containing at least one trisazo pigment represented by the following general formula (1) and a polycarbonate Z resin represented by the following general formula (2). body. general formula In the formula, A represents a coupler residue having a phenolic OH group. general formula In the formula, n represents the average degree of polymerization and is in the range of 50 to 5000. 2. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1, wherein A in the general formula (1) is selected from coupler residues having a phenolic OH group represented by the following general formulas (3) to (9). general formula In the formula, Indicates the residue necessary to form a hydrogen atom, R 1 and R 2 are a group selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group that may have a substituent, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group, or R 1 ,
Indicates a cyclic amino group formed together with the nitrogen atom to which R 2 is bonded. general formula general formula R 3 and R 4 in the general formulas (4) and (5) represent a group selected from an alkyl group, an aracyl group, and an aryl group that may have a substituent. general formula general formula Y in the general formulas (6) and (7) represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a divalent heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom in the ring. general formula In the formula, R 5 and R 6 are a hydrogen atom, a group selected from an alkyl group that may have a substituent, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group, or 5 together with the carbon atom to which R 5 and R 6 are bonded. This 5- or 6-membered ring may have a fused aromatic ring, and Z is a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring, a carbazole ring fused with a benzene ring, Indicates a residue necessary to form a polycyclic aromatic ring or a heterocycle selected from a benzcarbazole ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a benzonaphthofuran ring, and a diphenylene sulfide ring. general formula In the formula, R 7 and R 8 are a hydrogen atom, a group selected from an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, or 5 together with the carbon atom to which R 7 and R 8 are bonded. This 5- or 6-membered ring may have a fused aromatic ring, and Z is a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring, a carbazole ring fused with a benzene ring, Indicates a residue necessary to form a polycyclic aromatic ring or a heterocycle selected from a benzcarbazole ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a benzonaphthofuran ring, and a diphenylene sulfide ring. 3. Claims 1 or 2, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises a trisazo pigment of the general formula (1) as a charge generating material, dispersed in a charge transporting material and a polycarbonate Z resin of the general formula (2). The electrophotographic photoreceptor described above. 4. Claim 1, wherein the photosensitive layer is a laminate of a charge generation layer containing a trisazo pigment of general formula (1), a charge transport material, and a charge transport layer containing a polycarbonate Z resin of general formula (2), or The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to item 2. 5. Claims 1 or 2, wherein the photosensitive layer is a charge-generating layer containing a trisazo pigment of general formula (1) and a polycarbonate Z resin of general formula (2) laminated on a charge transport layer. The electrophotographic photoreceptor described above.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP21805885A JPS6278563A (en) | 1985-10-02 | 1985-10-02 | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP21805885A JPS6278563A (en) | 1985-10-02 | 1985-10-02 | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6278563A JPS6278563A (en) | 1987-04-10 |
JPH0549101B2 true JPH0549101B2 (en) | 1993-07-23 |
Family
ID=16713983
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP21805885A Granted JPS6278563A (en) | 1985-10-02 | 1985-10-02 | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6278563A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01257965A (en) * | 1988-04-08 | 1989-10-16 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
JPH01273047A (en) * | 1988-04-26 | 1989-10-31 | Mitsubishi Kasei Corp | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
JP4727686B2 (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2011-07-20 | 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | Short circuit support device and short circuit support method |
Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5188226A (en) * | 1974-12-20 | 1976-08-02 | ||
JPS53132547A (en) * | 1977-04-22 | 1978-11-18 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Novel trisazo compound and its preparation |
JPS53132347A (en) * | 1977-04-25 | 1978-11-18 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Photoreceptor for electrophotography |
JPS55126254A (en) * | 1979-03-23 | 1980-09-29 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Electrophotographic receptor |
JPS57146257A (en) * | 1981-03-04 | 1982-09-09 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Composite electrophotographic receptor |
JPS57195767A (en) * | 1981-05-28 | 1982-12-01 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Novel trisazo compound and production thereof |
JPS57195768A (en) * | 1981-05-28 | 1982-12-01 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Novel trisazo compound and production thereof |
JPS57206658A (en) * | 1981-06-12 | 1982-12-18 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Novel trisazo compound and its preparation |
JPS5831341A (en) * | 1981-08-19 | 1983-02-24 | Canon Inc | Electrophotographic receptor |
JPS5971057A (en) * | 1982-10-18 | 1984-04-21 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Electrophotogaphic receptor |
JPS59196366A (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1984-11-07 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Novel trisazo compound and production thereof |
JPS60172044A (en) * | 1984-02-16 | 1985-09-05 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Preparation of photosensitive body |
JPS60192950A (en) * | 1984-03-14 | 1985-10-01 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
JPS60213953A (en) * | 1984-04-10 | 1985-10-26 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
-
1985
- 1985-10-02 JP JP21805885A patent/JPS6278563A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5188226A (en) * | 1974-12-20 | 1976-08-02 | ||
JPS53132547A (en) * | 1977-04-22 | 1978-11-18 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Novel trisazo compound and its preparation |
JPS53132347A (en) * | 1977-04-25 | 1978-11-18 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Photoreceptor for electrophotography |
JPS55126254A (en) * | 1979-03-23 | 1980-09-29 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Electrophotographic receptor |
JPS57146257A (en) * | 1981-03-04 | 1982-09-09 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Composite electrophotographic receptor |
JPS57195767A (en) * | 1981-05-28 | 1982-12-01 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Novel trisazo compound and production thereof |
JPS57195768A (en) * | 1981-05-28 | 1982-12-01 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Novel trisazo compound and production thereof |
JPS57206658A (en) * | 1981-06-12 | 1982-12-18 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Novel trisazo compound and its preparation |
JPS5831341A (en) * | 1981-08-19 | 1983-02-24 | Canon Inc | Electrophotographic receptor |
JPS5971057A (en) * | 1982-10-18 | 1984-04-21 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Electrophotogaphic receptor |
JPS59196366A (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1984-11-07 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Novel trisazo compound and production thereof |
JPS60172044A (en) * | 1984-02-16 | 1985-09-05 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Preparation of photosensitive body |
JPS60192950A (en) * | 1984-03-14 | 1985-10-01 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
JPS60213953A (en) * | 1984-04-10 | 1985-10-26 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS6278563A (en) | 1987-04-10 |
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