JPH0547821Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] This invention is an excavator, more specifically, an excavator that efficiently excavates column bodies (vertical holes) in ultra-high voltage power transmission line tower foundation work and other civil engineering work. It is related to the device.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 13, the method of excavating a vertical hole for ultra-high voltage power transmission line tower foundation work involves installing an arm 92 that extends and retracts in multiple stages using a cylinder at the tip of a boom 2 of a working machine 1 such as a hydraulic power shovel. Attach the clamshell-shaped bucket 91 to the lower end of this arm 92, and then attach the bucket 91 to the lower end of this arm 92.
The vertical hole A' is excavated by performing excavation and earth removal work by opening and closing the opening and closing of the arm 92, the rotation function of the working machine 1, and the up-and-down movement of the boom 2.

[The problem that the idea aims to solve]

By the way, since the clamshell bucket tot 91 is connected to the lower end of the telescopic arm 92 with a pin 93, when the bucket tot 91 is placed on the ground, the bucket tot 91 will tilt depending on the terrain. However, there is a problem in that the pressing force of the telescopic arm 92 cannot be used effectively, and the efficiency of excavating the vertical hole is extremely poor.

Furthermore, since the pair of buckets 91 are shell type and have flattened tips, it is difficult to excavate them in hard soil.

Furthermore, as shown in Figure 11b, the cross-sectional shape of the vertical hole A' is usually circular, and the clamshell bucket 91 is rectangular in plan, so it is desirable to freely rotate and change the direction of the bucket 91. However, since there is no mechanism for rotating the bucket 91, there is a problem that vertical holes cannot be efficiently excavated.

An object of this invention is to provide an excavation device that can efficiently excavate vertical holes under various soil conditions in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, this invention consists of an arm, a rotating mechanism provided at the lower end of this arm, and an excavating mechanism attached to the lower part of this rotating mechanism, and the excavating mechanism is At the bottom of the upper plate attached to the mechanism, there is a lower plate whose upper end is pivoted to the upper plate with a pin so that it can swing freely;
installed between the upper and lower plates,
A cylinder that makes the angle of the lower plate variable is arranged, a pair of sharp-pointed buckets are attached to the bottom of the lower plate so that they can be opened and closed, and a drive mechanism for opening and closing the buckets is installed on the lower plate, and the bucket can only vibrate vertically. The configuration is such that it is provided with an exciter that gives

[Effect]

A column excavation mechanism is attached to the lower end rotation mechanism of the telescoping arm attached to the working machine, and excavation and earth removal are performed by the extension and contraction of the telescoping arm, the rotation of the rotation mechanism, and the operation of the column excavation mechanism. Excavate the column body underground.

During excavation, since the bucket is formed into a sharp point, it has good penetration into the ground, and vertical holes can be excavated efficiently by applying longitudinal vibrations by the exciter.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of this invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excavation equipment includes a three-stage telescoping arm 3 attached to a boom 2 of a working machine 1 such as a hydraulic power shovel, a swing mechanism 4 provided at the lower end of this arm 3, A column excavation mechanism 5 which is removably attached to the lower part of the rotation mechanism 4, a telescoping second arm 6, and an expanded bottom excavation mechanism 7 and a compaction mechanism which are attached to the tip of the second arm 6. It is structured accordingly.

The telescoping arm 3 is, as shown in FIG.
The first rectangular tube 11, the second rectangular tube 12, and the third rectangular tube 13 are sequentially fitted inside and outside so that they can expand and contract,
The upper end of the second rectangular tube 12 and the inside of the first rectangular tube 11 are connected by a cylinder 14, and the first rectangular tube 1
The second rectangular tube 12 is configured to move up and down relative to the cylinder 14 by expansion and contraction of the cylinder 14.

A pulley 15 is pivotally fixed to the upper end of the second rectangular tube 12, one end of a wire 16 wound around the pulley 15 is connected to the upper end of the third rectangular tube 13, and the other end is connected to the first rectangular tube 11. The folded portion of the wire 18 is wound around a pulley 17 which is fixed to the lower end of the third rectangular tube and pivoted to the upper end of the third rectangular tube.
is fixed to the first square tube 11 via a pulley 19 pivotally fixed to the lower end of the square tube 12, and when the cylinder 14 moves the second square tube 12 up and down, both wires 16 and 18
Due to the action of the third square tube 13 against the second square tube 12
will move up and down.

The first rectangular tube 11 is swingably supported at the tip of the boom 2 of the working machine 1 via a bracket 19' fixed to the outer surface, and is provided between the first rectangular tube 11 and the boom 2. The cylinder 20 makes it possible to freely change the standing angle of the telescoping arm 3.

Therefore, when the telescopic arm 3 is attached to the work machine 1, it can extend and contract downward by the second and third rectangular tubes 12 and 13, and by the raising and lowering movement of the boom 2 and the expansion and contraction of the cylinder 20, the entire Vertical movement and angle changes in the front and back directions are free.

As shown in FIG. 4, the turning mechanism 4 provided at the lower end of the third rectangular tube 13 in the telescoping arm 3 is connected to a hinge 21 provided at the lower end of the third rectangular tube 13.
The base plate 22 is fixed with a pin 23, an internally toothed ring 24 is provided on the lower surface of the base plate 22 so as to be rotatable, and a pinion gear 26 of a rotary drive machine 25 fixed on the base plate 22 meshes with the internally toothed ring 24. A bracket 28 constituting one side of the quick coupler 27 is fixed to the lower surface of the internal ring 24, and the bracket 28 rotates when the rotary drive machine 25 is activated.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the column excavation mechanism 5 has a pair of opposing side plates 32, 32 pivotally fixed to the lower surface of the upper plate 31 by pins 33,
A lower plate 35 is attached to the lower portions of the side plates 32, 32 via a vibration isolating rubber 34, and a pair of buckets 36, 36 are arranged under the lower plate 35.

The pair of buckets 36, 36 have semicircular sides, opposite edges are cut diagonally, and the tips are U-shaped as shown in FIG.
It is formed into a sharp-pointed shape, and the opposing upper parts of both sides are joined by a hinge 37, and the pin 38 of this hinge 37 is supported by a bearing 39 of the lower plate 35. As shown in FIG. 4, it can be opened and closed in a cylindrical open state around the pin 38 of the hinge 37.

Hinge 4 on both sides of the upper end of both buckets 36, 36
A link 41 protruding upward is connected through 0, and the link 41 in both buckets 36,
The upper ends of 41 are connected to each other by a pin 42, and a swing link 44 is pivotally fixed to the upper end of a column 43 erected on the lower plate 35, and one end of this is connected to the pin 42.
At the same time, the other end of the swing link 44 is connected to a cylinder 45 attached to the lower plate 35, and as the cylinder 45 expands and contracts, the bucket 3
6 and 36 will open and close.

A vibrator 46 is installed on the lower plate 35 to transmit only vertical vibrations to the buckets 36, 36, and uses vibrational force to move the buckets 36, 36.
We are trying to improve the excavation performance of.

A latch 47 constituting the other side of the quick coupler 27 is fixed on the upper plate 31 of the column excavation mechanism 5, and a hook 48 provided at one end of the latch 47 is connected to a pin 49 of the bracket 28. By latching and connecting the other end of the latching fitting 47 with a removable pin 50, the column excavating mechanism 5 can be detachably attached to the lower part of the turning mechanism 4.

In addition, the bucket 3 in the column excavation mechanism 5
6 and 36 have a circular cross-sectional shape and are suitable for drilling a circular hole, but when drilling a square hole, the cross-sectional shape may be square.

A horizontal beam 5 that connects the lower portions of the side plates 32, 32.
1 and the upper plate 31 are connected by a tilt cylinder 52, and by extending the cylinder 52, the angle of the buckets 36, 36 can be tilted from a vertical state to one side.

In the case of FIGS. 4 to 6, an example is shown in which an extended excavator 101 for excavating the lower part of the liner plate D is detachably attached to the outer lower part of the bucket 36.

This extended excavation tool 101 has an arm 102 protruding from the lower part outside the bucket 36, which can be attached and detached by tightening with a nut 103, and an excavation plate 104 is fixed to the tip of the arm 102.
It has a structure in which guide rods 105, 105 are erected on the top surface of 2 to abut against the liner plate D.
In the state shown in FIG. 5 with both buckets 36, 36 expanded, the excavation plate 104 becomes vertical, and the guide rod 1
If the buckets 36, 36 are lowered with 05, 105 in contact with the inner surface of the liner plate D, this plate D will be placed at the bottom of the liner plate D.
This means that the necessary expansion digging for installation can be done accurately.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the telescoping second arm 6 is attached to the anchor 61 in a crosswise manner so that its angle can be adjusted freely.

The anchor 61 is configured such that a lower pipe 65 is extendably connected to the lower end of an upper pipe 63 to which a hook 47 constituting the other side of the quick coupler is fixed on a plate 62 at the upper end, using a bolt-type joint 64. A center shaft 66 is provided at the lower end of the pipe 65 and projects downward, and the center shaft 66 is inserted into an anchor base plate 67 fixed to the lower surface of the vertical hole.

When this anchor 61 is removably fixed to the lower part of the rotation mechanism 4 by the quick coupler 27, it is placed coaxially with the rotation center of the rotation mechanism 4, and when the rotation mechanism 4 is activated, the axis is centered. It will rotate around the center.

The telescopic second arm 6 has an outer cylinder 68 and an inner cylinder 69 fitted together, a cylinder 70 that expands and contracts the outer cylinder 68 and the inner cylinder 69, and a bracket 71 attached to the outer surface of the outer cylinder 68 in the axial direction. The upper end of the bracket 71 is pivotally fixed to the support bracket 72 of the upper pipe 63 in the anchor 61 with a pin 73, and a cylinder 74 is provided between the support bracket 72 and the bracket 71.
The anchor 61 is attached to the anchor 61 so as to swing around the pin 73 as the anchor 61 expands and contracts.

A swing link 75 is pivotally fixed to the upper surface of the distal end side of the inner cylinder 69 in the telescoping second arm 6.
The upper end of the swinging link 75 is pivotally connected to the cylinder 76 mounted above, and a link 77 is also pivotally connected to the upper end of the swinging link 75.
The bottom-expanding portion excavation mechanism 7 and the rolling mechanism can be detachably attached to the tip of the bottom-expanding section 9.

The bottom-expanding excavation mechanism 7 includes a bucket 7a shown in FIG. 7, a rotary cutter 7b shown in FIG.
There is a hydraulic breaker 7c shown in the figure and a vibration plate 7d shown in FIG.
It is removably attached to the tip of the holder with pins 78 and 79 so that it can be replaced.

The cutter 7b is formed in a cone shape, and is rotated by a driving machine 80 and rotated around an anchor 61 to coaxially excavate the enlarged bottom part B around the lower end of the column part A, and the bucket 7a , Similarly, excavation of expanded bottom part B and discharge of earth and sand were carried out, and
The hydraulic breaker 7c is used for excavating rock, and the vibrating plate 7d is used for compacting soft ground.

Although the rolling mechanism is not shown, it is removably attached to the tip of the inner cylinder 69 of the telescoping second arm 6 by the same means as the bottom-expanding excavation mechanism 7, and the inside of the column body A is used for burying steel tower leg materials, etc. The structure allows it to be later filled with earth and sand and compacted.

In addition, when the column portion A and the enlarged bottom portion B are excavated using the deep foundation enlarged bottom excavation device, a television camera 81, a monitor television, and an image processing device 8 are provided so that the deep part can be monitored from the ground, as shown in FIG.
By using this in conjunction with a monitoring system using 2, workers can check the excavation status without entering the hole, greatly improving safety measures.

Furthermore, the operation of each mechanism for excavating and removing soil in the column and bottom expansion parts of the deep foundation expansion excavation machine is as follows:
This is done by remote control, by switching and operating the solenoid valves through a remote control panel installed on the ground.

The excavation equipment of this invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and the excavation method will be explained next.

First, as shown in Fig. 1, the boom 2 of the work machine 1 is
A telescopic arm 3 is attached to the tip of the arm 3, and a column excavation mechanism 5 is attached to the lower end of the third rectangular tube 13 of this arm 3 via a turning mechanism 4.
The column body A is excavated by the expansion/contraction and inclination of the excavation mechanism 5 and the rotation of the excavation mechanism 5 by the rotation mechanism 4.

When excavating the column A, the column excavation mechanism 5
opens both buckets 36, 36, activates the exciter 46 to vibrate and plunges into the ground, then closes the buckets 36, 36, retracts the telescoping arm 3 and raises the excavation mechanism 5, Furthermore, the bucket carts 36, 36 are moved to a predetermined location using the raising and lowering of the boom 2 and the turning mechanism of the working machine 1, and the bucket carts 36 are moved to a predetermined location.
Open 6, 36 and remove the soil.

At this time, when the buckets 36, 36 are vibrated, soil removal from the buckets 36, 36 is improved.

When excavating the column A, the buckets 36, 36 of the column excavation mechanism 5 have a cylindrical cross section in the open state, so as shown in FIG. The buckets 36, 36 can be easily installed at any position on the cylindrical cross section of the conventional rectangular shell bucket 91 shown in FIG. 11b.
This method has the advantage that the finishing excavation of the inner periphery of the column body A can be carried out smoothly and efficiently compared to excavation using the excavation method.

In addition, the vibrating bucket 36 attached to the turning mechanism 4
By attaching a simple hook to the column, it is possible to install the liner plate D after excavating the column A and to transport lightweight equipment.

After excavating the column body A, in order to excavate the expanded bottom part B around the lower part of the column body A, instead of the column body excavation mechanism 5, the anchor 61 and the telescoping second arm 6 are rotated by the quick coupler 27. The bottom-expanding excavation mechanism 7 is attached to the mechanism 4 and is attached to the tip of the inner cylinder 69 of the second arm 6 in accordance with the purpose and soil quality.

To excavate the expanded bottom part B, install the anchor base plate 67 at the center position on the bottom surface of the column part A, extend it downward while holding the telescoping arm 3 vertically, and press the lower end center shaft 66 of the anchor 61. is inserted into the center hole 67a of the anchor base plate 67 to center the anchor 61.

The bottom-expanding excavation mechanism 7 is attached to the tip of the telescopic second arm 6 fixed to the anchor 61 at a predetermined inclination angle.
By operating the excavation mechanism 7 and rotating the anchor 61 about the center, the enlarged bottom part B with a homogeneous cross section is excavated with high efficiency. In addition,
The anchor 61 serves as a reaction force receiver when the excavation mechanism 7 works at the tip.

When excavating the expanded bottom part B, if the ground is normal, a rotary cutter 7b formed to match the shape of the expanded bottom part B is used, and after penetrating with the rotated cutter 7b, by rotating the rotating mechanism 4, the column body is removed. An enlarged bottom part B coaxial with part A is excavated.

In addition, if there is rock etc. in the middle of excavating the bottom expansion part, a hydraulic breaker 7c can be used instead of the rotary cutter 7b.
In addition, a bucket 7a is used to finish and remove soil from the expanded bottom part B, and in the case of soft ground, the excavated bottom part is compacted and finished with a vibrating plate 7d.
A vertical hole consisting of a columnar part A and an enlarged bottom part B as shown in FIG. 2 is completed.

After burying the steel tower foot material C in the completed vertical hole as shown in Figure 12, the vertical hole is filled with earth and sand and compacted using a rolling mechanism.

〔effect〕

As described above, according to this invention, when excavating a vertical hole, more effective work can be performed within the limited inner circumference of the work area, and by attaching a vibration exciter and directly connecting it to a telescopic arm, it is possible to respond to changes in soil quality due to different layers.
This will provide sufficient drilling capacity, allowing vertical holes to be excavated efficiently and safely.

In addition, the excavation mechanism uses a cylinder to make the angle of the lower plate variable, a sharp-pointed bucket is attached to the bottom of the lower plate, and on the lower plate there is a drive machine for opening and closing the bucket, and an exciter that gives only longitudinal vibration to the bucket. Since all of the parts necessary for opening and closing the bucket, changing the angle, and applying vibration are installed between the upper and lower plates, the excavation mechanism can be made more compact, and the lower plate allows only the angle of the bucket to be changed. This makes it possible to smoothly expand the bottom of a vertical hole.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the vertical hole excavation state of the excavation mechanism according to this invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the excavation state of the expanded bottom portion, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing the retractable state of the telescoping arm. Figure 4 is a front view of the excavation bucket, Figure 5 is a front view of the same as above showing the open state,
Figure 6 is a side view of the same as the above, Figures 7 to 10 show different examples of the bottom-expanding excavation mechanism, Figure 7 is a front view of a bucket bucket, and Figure 8 is a front view of a rotary cutter. , Fig. 9 is a front view of a hydraulic breaker, Fig. 10 is a front view of a vibrating plate, Fig. 11 a and b are cross-sectional plan views showing the present invention and a conventional example when drilling a vertical hole, and Fig. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a completed foundation, and FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional excavation device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Working machine, 2...Boom, 3...Extendable arm, 4...Swivel mechanism, 5...Column excavation mechanism, 6...Extendable second arm, 7...Expanded bottom excavation mechanism, 31... Upper plate, 35... Lower plate, 36... Bucket, 41... Link, 45
... cylinder, 46 ... exciter, 52 ... cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] It consists of an arm, a rotating mechanism provided at the lower end of this arm, and an excavating mechanism attached to the lower part of this rotating mechanism. The lower plate is pivoted at the lower plate and can swing freely, and the cylinder is installed between the upper plate and the lower plate to make the angle of the lower plate variable. An excavation device in which a bucket is mounted so that it can be opened and closed, and a drive mechanism for opening and closing the bucket is installed on the lower plate, as well as an exciter that gives only vertical vibration to the bucket.