JPH0547818Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the invention] [Industrial application field] This invention is used for drilling equipment, more specifically, for example, in ultra-high voltage power transmission line tower foundation work and other civil engineering work, around the lower end of the column body (vertical hole). The present invention relates to a device for excavating a bottom-expanding section.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, the above-mentioned deep foundation expansion hole was excavated near the upper layer using a mechanical excavator such as a power shovel, and then finished by manual digging, and the deeper column parts and expanded bottom areas were excavated using excavating tools. Most of the work involved manual digging.

[The problem that the idea attempts to solve]

By the way, the manual digging of deep foundation holes is not only hard labor, but working in narrow tunnels creates an extremely poor working environment due to vibrations, noise, and dust, and there are problems in that work efficiency is low.

In addition, safety measures are taken when excavating the expanded bottom by using supporting structures such as diagonal piles, but the work requires difficult working positions and is hard work, and there is a risk of cave-ins.

The object of this invention is to provide an excavation device that can safely and efficiently excavate the expanded bottom area around the lower end of the column body in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, this invention includes an arm, a rotating mechanism provided at the lower end of the arm, and an arm that is detachably attached to the lower part of the rotating mechanism and rotates on the axis of the rotating mechanism. It is composed of an anchor, a telescoping second arm fixed to the anchor and movable up and down with respect to the rotation axis of the rotation mechanism, and an excavation mechanism detachably attached to the tip of the telescoping second arm. It adopts a structure that

[Effect]

Attach the second telescoping arm with an anchor to the lower end rotation mechanism of the telescoping arm attached to the work machine, attach the bottom expanding excavation mechanism to the tip of this arm, and attach the lower end of the anchor to the bottom of the column body. An expanded bottom portion is excavated around the lower part of the column body by operating the expanded bottom portion excavation mechanism, extending and contracting the second arm, and rotating the rotating mechanism about the rotation axis while the column body is in contact with the ground.

After constructing the foundation by constructing reinforced concrete inside the column and expanded bottom, the work is completed by filling the column with earth and sand.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of this invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excavation equipment includes a three-stage telescoping arm 3 attached to a boom 2 of a working machine 1 such as a hydraulic power shovel, a swing mechanism 4 provided at the lower end of this arm 3, A column excavation mechanism 5 which is removably attached to the lower part of the rotation mechanism 4, a telescoping second arm 6, and an expanded bottom excavation mechanism 7 and a compaction mechanism which are attached to the tip of the second arm 6. It is structured accordingly.

The telescoping arm 3 is, as shown in FIG.
The first rectangular tube 11, the second rectangular tube 12, and the third rectangular tube 13 are sequentially fitted inside and outside so that they can expand and contract,
The upper end of the second rectangular tube 12 and the inside of the first rectangular tube 11 are connected by a cylinder 14, and the first rectangular tube 1
1, the second rectangular tube 12 is configured to move up and down as the cylinder 14 expands and contracts.

A pulley 15 is pivotally fixed to the upper end of the second rectangular tube 12, one end of a wire 16 wound around the pulley 15 is connected to the upper end of the third rectangular tube 13, and the other end is connected to the first rectangular tube 11. The folded portion of the wire 18 was wound around a pulley 17 that was fixed to the lower end of the third rectangular tube and pivoted to the upper end of the third rectangular tube, and both ends of this wire 18 were pivotally fixed to the lower end of the second rectangular tube 12. It is fixed to the first rectangular tube 11 via a pulley 19, and the second
When the rectangular tube 12 is moved up and down, both wires 16 and 1
8, the third rectangular tube 1 is moved against the second rectangular tube 12.
3 will move up and down.

The first rectangular tube 11 is swingably supported at the tip of the boom 2 of the working machine 1 via a bracket 19' fixed to the outer surface, and is provided between the first rectangular tube 11 and the boom 2. The cylinder 20 makes it possible to freely change the standing angle of the telescoping arm 3.

Therefore, when the telescopic arm 3 is attached to the work machine 1, it can extend and contract downward by the second and third rectangular tubes 12 and 13, and by the raising and lowering movement of the boom 2 and the expansion and contraction of the cylinder 20, the entire Vertical movement and angle changes in the front and back directions are free.

As shown in FIG. 4, the turning mechanism 4 provided at the lower end of the third rectangular tube 13 in the telescoping arm 3 is connected to a hinge 21 provided at the lower end of the third rectangular tube 13.
The base plate 22 is fixed with a pin 23, and an internally toothed ring 24 is provided on the lower surface of the base plate 22 so as to be rotatable. The structure is such that a bracket 28 constituting one side of the quick coupler 27 is fixed to the lower surface of the internal toothed ring 24, and the bracket 28 rotates when the rotary drive machine 25 is activated.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the column excavation mechanism 5 has a pair of opposing side plates 32, 32 pivotally fixed to the lower surface of the upper plate 31 by pins 33,
A lower plate 35 is attached to the lower portions of the side plates 32, 32 via a vibration isolating rubber 34, and a pair of buckets 36, 36 are arranged under the lower plate 35.

The pair of buckets 36, 36 have semicircular sides, opposite edges are cut diagonally, and the tips are U-shaped as shown in FIG.
It is formed into a sharp-pointed shape, and the opposing upper parts of both sides are joined by a hinge 37, and the pin 38 of this hinge 37 is supported by a bearing 39 of the lower plate 35. As shown in FIG. 4, it can be opened and closed in a cylindrical open state around the pin 38 of the hinge 37.

Hinge 4 on both sides of the upper end of both buckets 36, 36
A link 41 protruding upward is connected through 0, and the link 41 in both buckets 36,
The upper ends of 41 are connected to each other by a pin 42, and a swing link 44 is pivotally fixed to the upper end of a column 43 erected on the lower plate 35, and one end of this is connected to the pin 42.
At the same time, the other end of the swing link 44 is connected to a cylinder 45 attached to the lower plate 35, and as the cylinder 45 expands and contracts, the bucket 3
6 and 36 will open and close.

A vibrator 46 is installed on the lower plate 35 to transmit only vertical vibrations to the buckets 36, 36, and uses vibrational force to move the buckets 36, 36.
We are trying to improve the excavation performance of.

A latch 47 constituting the other side of the quick coupler 27 is fixed on the upper plate 31 of the column excavation mechanism 5, and a hook 48 provided at one end of the latch 47 is connected to a pin 49 of the bracket 28. By latching and connecting the other end of the latching fitting 47 with a removable pin 50, the column excavating mechanism 5 can be detachably attached to the lower part of the turning mechanism 4.

In addition, the bucket 3 in the column excavation mechanism 5
6 and 36 have a circular cross-sectional shape and are suitable for drilling a circular hole, but when drilling a square hole, the cross-sectional shape may be square.

A horizontal beam 5 that connects the lower portions of the side plates 32, 32.
1 and the upper plate 31 are connected by a tilt cylinder 52, and by extending the cylinder 52, the angle of the buckets 36, 36 can be tilted from a vertical state to one side.

In the case of FIGS. 4 to 6, an example is shown in which an extended excavator 101 for excavating the lower part of the liner plate D is detachably attached to the outer lower part of the bucket 36.

This extended excavation tool 101 has an arm 102 protruding from the lower part outside the bucket 36, which can be attached and detached by tightening with a nut 103, and an excavation plate 104 is fixed to the tip of the arm 102.
2, the excavation plate 104 is vertical, and the guide rods 105, 105 are vertically installed on the top surface of the excavation plate 104 in contact with the liner plate D. 10
If the buckets 36, 36 are lowered with the buckets 5, 105 in contact with the inner surface of the liner plate D,
The expansion digging necessary for installing this plate D can be accurately performed at the lower part of the liner plate D.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the telescoping second arm 6 is attached to the anchor 61 in a crosswise manner so that its angle can be adjusted freely.

The anchor 61 is configured such that a lower pipe 65 is extendably connected to the lower end of an upper pipe 63 to which a hook 47 constituting the other side of the quick coupler is fixed on a plate 62 at the upper end, using a bolt-type joint 64. A center shaft 66 is provided at the lower end of the pipe 65 and projects downward, and the center shaft 66 is inserted into an anchor base plate 67 fixed to the lower surface of the vertical hole.

When this anchor 61 is removably fixed to the lower part of the rotation mechanism 4 by the quick coupler 27, it is placed coaxially with the rotation center of the rotation mechanism 4, and when the rotation mechanism 4 is activated, the axis is centered. It will rotate around the center.

The telescopic second arm 6 has an outer cylinder 68 and an inner cylinder 69 fitted together, a cylinder 70 that expands and contracts the outer cylinder 68 and the inner cylinder 69, and a bracket 71 attached to the outer surface of the outer cylinder 68 in the axial direction. The upper end of the bracket 71 is pivotally fixed to the support bracket 72 of the upper pipe 63 in the anchor 61 with a pin 73, and a cylinder 74 is provided between the support bracket 72 and the bracket 71.
The anchor 61 is attached to the anchor 61 so as to swing around the pin 73 as the anchor 61 expands and contracts.

A swing link 75 is pivotally fixed to the upper surface of the distal end side of the inner cylinder 69 in the telescoping second arm 6.
The upper end of the swinging link 75 is pivotally connected to the cylinder 76 mounted above, and a link 77 is also pivotally connected to the upper end of the swinging link 75.
The bottom-expanding portion excavation mechanism 7 and the rolling mechanism can be detachably attached to the tip of the bottom-expanding section 9.

The bottom-expanding excavation mechanism 7 includes a bucket 7a shown in FIG. 7, a rotary cutter 7b shown in FIG.
There is a hydraulic breaker 7c shown in the figure and a vibration plate 7d shown in FIG.
It is removably attached to the tip of the holder with pins 78 and 79 so that it can be replaced.

The cutter 7b is formed in a cone shape, and is rotated by a driving machine 80 and rotated around an anchor 61 to coaxially excavate the enlarged bottom part B around the lower end of the column part A, and the bucket 7a , Similarly, excavation of expanded bottom part B and discharge of earth and sand were carried out, and
The hydraulic breaker 7c is used for excavating rock, and the vibrating plate 7d is used for compacting soft ground.

Although the rolling mechanism is not shown, it is removably attached to the tip of the inner cylinder 69 of the telescoping second arm 6 by the same means as the bottom-expanding excavation mechanism 7, and the inside of the column body A is used for burying steel tower leg materials, etc. The structure allows it to be later filled with earth and sand and compacted.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, a TV camera 81, a monitor TV, and a video camera are installed so that the deep part of the column A and the bottom part B can be monitored on the ground when excavating the column part A and the bottom part B using the above-mentioned deep foundation drilling equipment. Processing device 82
When used in conjunction with a monitoring system using excavation, it is possible for workers to check the excavation status without entering the hole, greatly improving safety measures.

Furthermore, in the deep foundation expansion excavation machine, the operation of each mechanism that excavates the column part and the bottom expansion part, and removes soil is as follows.
This is done by remote control, by switching and operating the solenoid valves through a remote control panel installed on the ground.

The bottom-expanding excavation device of this invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and the excavation method will be explained next.

First, as shown in Fig. 1, the boom 2 of the work machine 1 is
A telescopic arm 3 is attached to the tip of the arm 3, and a column excavation mechanism 5 is attached to the lower end of the third rectangular tube 13 of this arm 3 via a turning mechanism 4.
The column body A is excavated by the expansion/contraction and inclination of the excavation mechanism 5 and the rotation of the excavation mechanism 5 by the rotation mechanism 4.

When excavating the column A, the column excavation mechanism 5
opens both buckets 36, 36, activates the exciter 46 to vibrate and plunges into the ground, then closes the buckets 36, 36, retracts the telescoping arm 3 and raises the excavation mechanism 5, Furthermore, the bucket carts 36, 36 are moved to a predetermined location using the raising and lowering of the boom 2 and the turning mechanism of the working machine 1, and the bucket carts 36 are moved to a predetermined location.
Open 6, 36 and remove soil.

At this time, when the buckets 36, 36 are vibrated, soil removal from the buckets 36, 36 is improved.

When excavating the column A, the buckets 36, 36 of the column excavation mechanism 5 have a cylindrical cross section in the open state, so as shown in FIG. The buckets 36, 36 can be easily installed at any position on the cylindrical cross section of the conventional rectangular shell bucket 91 shown in FIG. 11b.
This method has the advantage that the finishing excavation of the inner periphery of the column body A can be carried out smoothly and efficiently compared to excavation using the excavation method.

In addition, the vibrating bucket 36 attached to the turning mechanism 4
By attaching a simple hook to the column, it is possible to install the liner plate D after excavating the column A and to transport lightweight equipment.

After excavating the column body A, in order to excavate the expanded bottom part B around the lower part of the column body A, instead of the column body excavation mechanism 5, the anchor 61 and the telescoping second arm 6 are rotated by the quick coupler 27. The bottom-expanding excavation mechanism 7 is attached to the mechanism 4 and is attached to the tip of the inner cylinder 69 of the second arm 6 in accordance with the purpose and soil quality.

To excavate the expanded bottom part B, install the anchor base plate 67 at the center position on the bottom surface of the column part A, extend it downward while holding the telescoping arm 3 vertically, and press the lower end center shaft 66 of the anchor 61. is inserted into the center hole 67a of the anchor base plate 67 to center the anchor 61.

The bottom-expanding excavation mechanism 7 is attached to the tip of the telescopic second arm 6 fixed to the anchor 61 at a predetermined inclination angle.
By operating the excavation mechanism 7 and rotating the anchor 61 about the center, the enlarged bottom part B with a homogeneous cross section is excavated with high efficiency. In addition,
The anchor 61 serves as a reaction force receiver when the excavation mechanism 7 works at the tip.

When excavating the expanded bottom part B, if the ground is normal, a rotary cutter 7b formed to match the shape of the expanded bottom part B is used, and after penetrating with the rotated cutter 7b, the rotating mechanism 4 is rotated to remove the column. An enlarged bottom part B coaxial with part A is excavated.

In addition, if there is rock etc. in the middle of excavating the bottom expansion part, a hydraulic breaker 7c can be used instead of the rotary cutter 7b.
In addition, a bucket 7a is used to finish and remove soil from the expanded bottom part B, and in the case of soft ground, the excavated bottom part is compacted and finished with a vibrating plate 7d.
A vertical hole consisting of a columnar part A and an enlarged bottom part B as shown in FIG. 2 is completed.

After burying the steel tower foot material C in the completed vertical hole as shown in Figure 12, the vertical hole is filled with earth and sand and compacted using a rolling mechanism.

[Effect of idea]

As described above, according to this invention, it is possible to automatically excavate the expanded bottom portion formed on the outer periphery of the lower end of the column body from the ground, and it is possible to greatly improve the work efficiency and safety of expanded bottom excavation.

In addition, a second extendable arm is fixed to an anchor attached to the bottom of the swing mechanism so as to be able to swing up and down with respect to the rotation axis of the swing mechanism, and the excavation mechanism attached to the tip of this second arm performs excavation. , Circular excavation can be performed with the rotation mechanism at the center, and bottom expansion parts can be excavated with high precision.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the vertical hole drilling operation state of the bottom-expanding drilling device according to this invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram also showing the excavation state of the bottom-expanding section, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-section showing the retracted state of the telescoping arm. Figure 4 is a front view of the excavation bucket, Figure 5 is a front view of the same as above showing the open state, Figure 6 is a side view of the same as above, and Figures 7 to 1.
Figure 0 shows different examples of bottom-expanding excavation mechanisms.
Figure 8 is a front view of a bucket belt, Figure 8 is a front view of a rotary cutter, Figure 9 is a front view of a hydraulic breaker, Figure 10 is a front view of a vibrating plate, Figure 11a and Figure 9 are front views of a hydraulic breaker. b is a cross-sectional plan view showing the present invention and a conventional example during vertical hole excavation, and FIG. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the completed foundation. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Working machine, 2...Boom, 3...Extendable arm, 4...Swivel mechanism, 5...Column excavation mechanism, 6...Extendable second arm, 7...Expanded bottom excavation mechanism, 7a... Bucket, 7b... Rotating cutter, 7c... Hydraulic breaker, 7d... Vibration plate, 36... Bucket, 61... Anchor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] an arm, a swing mechanism provided at the lower end of the arm; an anchor that is detachably attached to the bottom of the swing mechanism and rotates on the axis of the swing mechanism; and an anchor that is fixed to the anchor and rotates around the rotation axis of the swing mechanism. An excavation device comprising: a telescopic second arm that can swing up and down with respect to the center; and an excavation mechanism that is detachably attached to the tip of the telescopic second arm.