JPH0546955B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a musical tone generating device, and more specifically, to a musical tone generating device that changes the timbre of the trailing edge of a musical tone signal in accordance with the release of a key on a keyboard section. This relates to a generator.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been a musical tone generating device that makes the falling portion of a musical tone signal different from other portions of a musical tone signal from a rising portion (attack portion) to a falling portion (release portion) of a musical tone. One of them, as disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 121313/1983, is provided with a waveform memory that stores the falling part of the musical tone signal waveform, and the falling part is determined by the waveform information stored in this waveform memory. By generating musical tone signals in one part, the amplitude or timbre is made different from the musical tone signals in other parts.

Another method, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-88794, is to provide a detection means for detecting the key release speed and a filter on the output side of the musical tone signal generator. The characteristics of the filter are controlled in accordance with the key release speed detected by the detection means, and the tone color of the falling portion of the musical tone signal generated from the musical tone signal generating section is changed.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, since the former only determines the timbre of the falling part of the musical tone signal based on the waveform information stored in the waveform memory, the timbre changes subtly depending on the key release speed, etc. There is a problem in that it is not possible to generate a musical tone signal in the falling part.

On the other hand, although the latter can change the timbre of the falling part depending on the key release touch, it uses a filter to control the timbre, so it is expensive to achieve fine timbre control. There is a problem that a filter must be used, and
The design of the filter was difficult, the configuration was complex, and the expressiveness was insufficient.

[Means for solving problems]

A musical tone generating device according to the present invention includes: a keyboard section including a plurality of keys; a first musical tone signal generating means that generates a musical tone signal corresponding to a key pressed on the upper keyboard section at least while the key is being pressed; It has a detecting means for detecting a key release when a key being pressed on the upper keyboard section is released, and a waveform memory storing waveform data of plural types of musical waveforms regarding the falling part of a musical tone signal, a second musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal of a falling portion corresponding to the released key by reading the waveform memory in response to the release of the middle key; and the second musical tone; the signal generating means selects at least one of the plurality of types of musical sound waveforms stored in the waveform memory in response to the key release touch detected by the detecting means;
Based on the readout of the selected musical sound waveform, a musical tone signal of the falling portion corresponding to the released key is generated, and thereby the timbre of the musical tone signal of the falling portion is controlled in accordance with the key release touch. control means for weighting and synthesizing the musical tone signal generated by the first musical tone signal generating means and the musical tone signal generated by the second musical tone signal generating means, and gradually generating the musical tone signal in the second musical tone signal generating means. and output control means for switching to the musical tone signal of the falling portion.

Further, the musical tone generating device according to the present invention controls the read start timing of the waveform memory in the second musical tone signal generating means so as to match the amplitude position of the musical tone signal generated by the first musical tone signal generating means. The apparatus further includes a start control means for controlling.

[Effect]

The waveform memory of the second musical tone signal generating means stores a plurality of types of musical sound waveforms of falling parts, and at least one of them is selected in response to a key release touch, and the musical sound waveform is released based on the reading of the selected musical sound waveform. A musical tone signal with a trailing edge corresponding to the pressed key is generated. As a result, the timbre of the musical tone signal in the falling portion is controlled in accordance with the key release touch. Therefore, it is possible to generate a high-quality musical tone signal of the falling part using the musical sound waveform of the falling part stored in the waveform memory, and it is also possible to separate the timbre of this high-quality musical tone signal of the falling part. It is possible to perform delicate control depending on the touch of the key.

Further, by providing the output control means, the musical tone signal generated by the first musical tone signal generating means and the musical tone signal generated by the second musical tone signal generating means are weighted and synthesized, and the musical tone signal generated by the second musical tone signal generating means is gradually synthesized. Control is performed to switch to the falling portion of the musical tone signal generated by the musical tone signal generating means. As a result, the musical sound waveform is smoothly switched while crossfading from the musical tone signal generated by the first musical tone signal generating means to the falling part of the musical tone signal generated by the second musical tone signal generating means. Therefore, it is possible to switch from the musical tone signal of the connecting portion to the musical tone signal of the falling portion without making the user feel unnatural or uncomfortable.

In particular, according to the present invention, since there are multiple types of musical tone signals in the falling portion corresponding to various key release touches, the characteristics of the musical tone signal in the falling portion to be generated depend on each performance occasion. each is uncertain. Therefore, simply generating a musical tone signal of the falling portion in response to a key release touch is not preferable because the connection with the musical tone signal generated by the first musical tone signal generating means becomes poor. In this regard, according to the present invention, such inconveniences are resolved, and musical tone signals of falling portions of various characteristics corresponding to arbitrary various key release touches can be generated without noise such as clicks.
It can occur preferably.

Furthermore, by providing a start control means, the read start timing of the waveform memory in the second musical tone signal generating means is controlled to match the amplitude position of the musical tone signal generated by the first musical tone signal generating means. That will happen. As a result, reading of the waveform memory in the second musical tone signal generating means is started in accordance with the amplitude position of the musical tone signal generated by the first musical tone signal generating means. The amplitude position at the start of reading of the musical tone signal of the falling portion generated by the first musical tone signal generating means matches the amplitude position of the musical tone signal generated by the first musical tone signal generating means. A smooth connection is made to the falling portion of the musical tone signal generated by the second musical tone signal generating means. Therefore, also with this, it is possible to preferably generate musical tone signals of falling portions with various characteristics corresponding to key release touches without accompanying noises such as clicks. Furthermore, by combining the readout start timing control by the start control means with the weighted synthesis control by the output control means, when performing weighted synthesis, the musical tone signal of the first musical tone signal generating means and the second musical tone signal that crossfade are combined. The amplitude position of the musical tone signal generating means and the falling partial musical tone signal matches (at least at the start of reading out the falling partial musical tone signal, so it is expected that a good condition will be maintained thereafter). This makes it possible to perform high-quality weighted synthesis.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, including a keyboard circuit 1, a key press detection circuit 2, an address generator 3, a key-off touch detection circuit 4, a key-on waveform memory 5, a key-off waveform generator 6, and a selector. 7, a DA converter 8, and a sound system 9.

The keyboard 1 includes a plurality of performance keys, and a key pressed here is detected by a key press detection circuit 2. When the pressed key detection circuit 2 detects a pressed key on the keyboard 1, it detects a key code corresponding to this pressed key.
Output KC. At the same time, it outputs a key-on signal KON that continues to be "1" while the key is pressed, and in synchronization with the rise and fall of this key-on signal KON, a key-on pulse KONP of a predetermined pulse width is generated as shown in Fig. 3. and key off pulse
Output KOFP. The key-on pulse CONP is output in synchronization with the key press timing, and the key-off pulse
KOFP is output in synchronization with the key release timing.

The key code output from this key press detection circuit 2
KC, key-on signal KON, key-on pulse
KONP and key-off pulse KOFP are supplied to the address generator 3.

When the key code KC corresponding to the pressed key is input, the address generator 3 forms an address signal AD that changes at a speed corresponding to this key code KC, and supplies it to the key-on waveform memory 5 and the key-off waveform generator 6. do.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2, when a key code KC is input, this address generator 3 generates a note clock NCK of a frequency corresponding to the key code KC from a note clock generator 30, and transmits this note clock NCK to a gate 31. It is configured so that it is input to the count input of the counter 32 via the counter 32 and counted sequentially, and the count value is outputted as an address signal AD.

In this case, the counter 32 is reset when a key-on pulse KONP or a key-off pulse KOFP is inputted via an OR gate 33. Further, the count value of the counter 32 (that is, the address signal AD) is input to the detection circuit 34, and it is monitored whether the value of the signal AD has reached "B" or "C". The detection circuit 34 monitors whether the address signal AD has reached "B" when the key-on signal KON is "1" (that is, when the key is being pressed), and when KON = "0" ( That is, when the key is released), it is monitored whether the address signal AD reaches "C" or not. and,
When it is detected that AD="B" in the state of KON="1", the preset signal PR is supplied to the counter 32, and the preset value "A" output from the preset value generator 35 is counted 3.
Preset to 2. On the other hand, when it is detected that D="C" in the state of KON="0",
An inhibit signal INH is supplied to the gate 31 via the inverter 36 to close the gate 31.

Therefore, from this address generator 3,
As shown in the figure, while the key-on signal KON is "1", the address changes from "0" through "A" to "B", returns to "A", and changes again toward "B". The signal AD is generated repeatedly. and,
When the key-on signal KON becomes "0", the address signal AD that returns to "0" and then changes toward "C" is generated only once.

On the other hand, the key-off touch detection circuit 4 detects the key release speed when the key being pressed on the keyboard 1 is released, and supplies a detection signal OFT to the key-off waveform generator 6.

Address signal formed by address generator 3
AD is input to the address input of the key-on waveform memory 5 and the key-off waveform generator 6, and the memory addresses "0" to "B" of the key-on waveform memory 5
As shown in FIG. 4a, musical sound waveforms from the rising portion to the sustaining portion of the musical tone are stored in advance.

Further, the key-off waveform generator 6 includes a plurality of key-off waveform memories 60-1 to 60- as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4b, musical sound waveforms of falling parts of musical tones are stored in advance in memory addresses "0" to "C" of each of the memories 60-1 to 60-N.
One of the musical sound waveforms read from these memories 60-1 to 60-N is a key-off touch detection signal.
It is designed to be selected and output by a selector 61 based on the OFT.

In this case, the musical sound waveforms of the falling portions stored in each of the memories 60-1 to 60-N are set to musical sound waveforms of different tones.

Therefore, the address signal AD changes as shown in FIG.
When the tone waveform is formed, first, the rising part of the tone waveform stored in memory addresses "0" to "A" of the key-on waveform memory 5 is read out, and then the tone waveform is stored in memory addresses "A" to "B". The musical sound waveform is repeatedly read out while the key-on signal KON indicates "1". After that, when the key is released, the falling part of the musical waveform stored in memory addresses "0" to "C" of the key-off waveform memories 60-1 to 60-N of the key-off waveform generator 6 is read out only once. . One of them is selected by the selector 6 based on the key-off touch detection signal OFT.
1 is selected and output.

The musical sound waveforms outputted from the key-on waveform memory 5 and the key-off waveform generator 6 in this manner are supplied to the selector 7. When the key-on signal KON is "1", the selector 7 selects and outputs the musical waveform from the key-on waveform memory 5 that is input to the select input A, and when the key-on signal KON is "0", the musical waveform that is input to the select input B is output. The musical tone waveform from the key-off waveform generator 6 is selectively output.

Therefore, when a key is being pressed on the keyboard 1, the musical sound waveform read from the key-on waveform memory 5 is outputted via the selector 7, converted into an analog musical tone signal by the DA converter 8, and then supplied to the sound system 9. be done. However, when the key is released, the musical sound waveform output from the key-off waveform generator 6 is output via the selector 7, and the DA converter 8
is supplied to the sound system 9 via.

As a result, a musical sound waveform as shown in FIG. 4c is supplied to the sound system 9, and is produced as a musical tone corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key.

In this case, since the key-off waveform generator 6 outputs a musical waveform with a tone corresponding to the key-off touch, the falling portion of the musical tone is produced with the tone corresponding to the key-off touch (key release speed).

Therefore, the key-off waveform memories 60-1 to 60-
By setting the timbre of the musical sound waveform stored in N to be slightly different depending on each state of the key-off touch, the timbre of the falling part of the musical tone can be made slightly different depending on the key-off touch. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the key-off waveform generator 6. The key-off waveform generator 6 of this embodiment stores musical waveforms with different tones in phase in two key-off waveform memories 62-1 and 62-2, and outputs an address signal AD from the address generator 3. The musical waveforms stored in these waveform memories 62-1 and 62-2 are simultaneously read out and input to multipliers 63-1 and 63-2, respectively, where the mixing coefficients K1 and K2 corresponding to the key-off touch are calculated. Multiplication is performed, and the multiplication outputs are combined by an adder 64 and output. That is, the mixing coefficient K1, which is generated from the mixing coefficient generator 65 in response to the key-off touch detection signal OFT, combines two falling part musical waveforms with different tones.
Post-adder 64 each weighted by K2
It is mixed and output.

In this case, the waveform memory 62-1 stores the musical sound waveform corresponding to the maximum key-off touch, the waveform memory 62-2 stores the musical sound waveform corresponding to the minimum key-off touch, and the engagement coefficient
If K1 is set to increase in proportion to the key-off touch, and conversely, the mixing coefficient K2 is set to decrease in inverse proportion to the key-off touch, as the key-off touch increases, the waveform will be read out from the key-off waveform memory 62-1. The mixing ratio of the musical sound waveform of the first timbre increases, and the first timbre is emphasized, making it possible to form a musical sound waveform whose timbre changes in accordance with the state of the key-off touch.

Therefore, depending on how the mixing coefficients K1 and K2 are set, the timbre of the falling portion of the musical tone can be slightly different.

By the way, when generating a musical sound waveform for the falling part, if you simply connect the musical sound waveform for the sustaining part and the musical sound waveform for the falling part, if the amplitude values of the two differ, click noise will occur at the connected part. and deteriorate the sound quality.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a switching control circuit for removing this click noise, which inputs the musical waveform read from the key-on waveform memory 5 to the zero-cross detection circuit 10 and determines the timing at which the amplitude becomes zero. To detect. At the same time, the musical tone waveform read out from the key-on waveform memory 5 is input to the delay circuit 11, and after being delayed by one cycle time by the note clock NCK, the polarity of the delayed musical tone waveform is positive or negative. The polarity detection circuit 12 detects whether the polarity is negative, and outputs a detection signal S of "1" if it is negative. Then, a signal obtained by inverting the zero-crossing detection signal ZX of the zero-crossing detection circuit 10, the negative polarity detection signal S, and the key-on signal KON by the inverter 13 is input to the AND gate 14.

As a result, immediately after the key-on signal KON becomes "0", the musical waveform output from the key-on waveform memory 5 changes from negative polarity to positive polarity at the zero-crossing point (i.e., the amplitude corresponding to zero phase). A signal of "1" is generated from the AND gate 14 at the position). This "1" signal is then supplied to the reset input of the flip-flop 15, which is set by the key-on pulse KONP. Then, the flip-flop 15, which had been set by the key-on pulse KONP, receives the key-on signal.
Immediately after KON becomes "0", it is reset at the zero cross timing when the tone waveform output from the key-on waveform memory 5 changes from negative polarity to positive polarity. Therefore, by supplying the set output Q of the flip-flop 15 to the select control input of the selector 7 instead of the key-on signal KON, the tone waveform of the sustaining part and the tone waveform of the falling part are set to the position where the amplitude is zero (i.e., (amplitude position corresponding to zero phase).
As a result, it is possible to eliminate click noise when switching and connecting two tone waveforms. Note that in order to start reading out the key-off waveform generator 6 in synchronization with the reset timing of the flip-flop 15, the key-off pulse KOFP input to the OR gate 33 in FIG. 2 needs to be replaced with the output signal R of the AND gate 14. be.

Note that this assumes that the amplitude of the musical sound waveform in the falling part is generated from a zero position, but it may also be generated from an amplitude position other than zero (that is, a phase other than zero phase). ,
In that case, the switching connection timing may be detected in accordance with the amplitude of the starting position.

By the way, when switching and connecting the sound waveforms of the sustaining part and the falling part, it will feel strange if the tones of the two are extremely different, so if you weight them both and gradually switch to the sound waveform of the falling part. Even more effective. This can be realized by replacing the selector in FIG. 1 with a mixing circuit as shown in FIG. In this case, the two weighting coefficients are set to change sequentially from "1" to "0" and from "0" to "1" from the key-off point.

In addition, key-on waveform memories 60-1 to 60-N, 62-1, 62 in the key-off waveform generator 6
-2 shows an example in which a continuous waveform is stored until the musical tone finishes decaying, but one or more periods of musical sound waveforms are stored, read repeatedly, and a decay envelope is added to the falling part. It may also be generated as a musical sound waveform. This makes it possible to reduce the memory capacity of the waveform memory that stores the falling tone waveform, which is economical.

In addition, in the key-off waveform generator 6 shown in FIG.
-N may be provided on the address input side of the waveform memory 60-N, or instead of the selector 61, the waveform memory 60-N may be provided in response to the key-off touch detection signal OFT.
A circuit (for example, a decoder) that generates an enable signal that enables selective reading of 1 to 60-N may be used.

Further, although an example has been shown in which only the tone color of the falling portion is changed in response to a key-off touch, the amplitude may also be changed at the same time. Furthermore, the key-on waveform memory 5 is designed to generate a tone waveform up to the sustaining part, but it also generates a tone waveform up to the falling part, and appropriately matches the falling part tone waveform generated from the key-off waveform generator 6. It is also possible to synthesize the sounds and make them sound. In addition, instead of storing all the waveform data at each sample point of the waveform to be stored in each waveform memory, only the waveform data at discrete sample points are stored, and the waveform data at intermediate sample points is processed by interpolation. Alternatively, the calculation may be performed using Further, the multi-period waveform stored in the waveform memory may consist not only of continuous plural periods but also of discontinuous plural periods. For example, the period from the rise to the fall of a musical tone is divided into multiple frames, and each frame is divided into one representative frame.
Only waveform data for a period or two periods may be stored, and this waveform data may be read out repeatedly while being sequentially switched. Furthermore, if necessary, interpolation calculations may be performed between the previous waveform and the next new waveform when switching the waveform. It is also possible to form waveform data that changes smoothly.

In addition, the encoding methods for waveform data stored in the waveform memory include PCM method, differential PCM method, delta modulation method (DM method), adaptive PCM method (ADPCM method), adaptive delta modulation method (ADM method), etc.
Other appropriate methods may also be used. In that case, a demodulation circuit is provided on the output side of the waveform memory for demodulating the waveform memory readout output (obtaining a PCM signal) according to the encoding method.

Further, instead of generating the musical tone signal during key depression using the waveform memory 5, an arbitrary musical tone signal generating circuit (for example, a musical tone signal generating circuit using a frequency modulation method) may be used to generate the musical tone signal. It's okay.

Further, the waveform memory 5 generates musical sound waveforms from the rising portion to the falling portion, while the key-off waveform memories 60-1 to 60-N (63-1 to 63
-2) stores the difference waveform between the falling part of the musical sound waveform corresponding to each key-off touch and the falling part of the musical sound waveform generated from the waveform memory 5. The difference waveform corresponding to the key-off touch generated by the key-off waveform generator 6 may be added and synthesized to obtain the tone waveform of the falling portion corresponding to the key-off touch.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, in the present invention, waveform data of a plurality of types of musical sound waveforms related to the falling part of a musical tone signal are stored in a waveform memory, and the waveform data of a plurality of types of musical sound waveforms regarding the falling part of a musical tone signal are stored in a waveform memory, and by reading out the waveform memory in response to a key release. In addition to generating a musical tone signal of the falling part corresponding to the key release, the waveform of the musical tone signal of this falling part is selected according to the key release touch. It can be changed slightly. Moreover, since a filter is not used as in the conventional method, there is an effect that the tone color control of the falling portion can be realized at low cost and with a simple structure, and with rich surface power. Particularly, according to the present invention, by providing the output control means, the falling edge of the musical tone signal generated by the first musical tone signal generating means corresponds to an arbitrary key release touch generated by the second musical tone signal generating means. The musical sound waveform will smoothly switch to the corresponding musical tone signal while crossfading. Therefore, the musical sound waveform can be smoothly switched from the musical tone signal of the connecting portion to the musical tone signal of the falling portion without making the user feel unnatural or uncomfortable.

Furthermore, by providing the start control means, reading of the waveform memory in the second musical tone signal generating means is started in accordance with the amplitude position of the musical tone signal generated by the first musical tone signal generating means,
The amplitude position of the falling part of the musical tone signal at the start of reading matches the amplitude position of the musical tone signal generated by the first musical tone signal generating means, and the second musical tone signal is changed from the musical tone signal generated by the first musical tone signal generating means. A smooth connection is made to the falling portion of the musical tone signal generated by the musical tone signal generating means. Therefore, this also allows musical tone signals of falling parts with various characteristics corresponding to key release touches to be processed without noise such as clicks.
It can occur preferably. Furthermore, by combining this readout start timing control with the weighted synthesis control, during weighted synthesis, the musical tone signal of the first musical tone signal generating means and the falling part musical tone of the second musical tone signal generating means crossfade. The amplitude position matches that of the signal, which has the excellent effect of making it possible to perform high-quality weighted synthesis.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a specific example of the address generator in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the address generator. Chaat, 4th
1 is a waveform diagram showing a musical sound waveform generated in the embodiment of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the key-off waveform generator in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a key-off waveform in FIG. 1. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the generator. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a switching control circuit for preventing click noise when switching a musical sound waveform from a sustaining part to a falling part. 1...Keyboard, 3...Address generator, 4...Key-off touch detection circuit, 5...Key-on waveform memory, 6...Key-off waveform generator, 7...Selector, 60-1 to 60-N, 62-1 ,62-2...
...Key-off waveform memory, 61...Selector, 63
-1, 63-2... Multiplier, 64... Adder, 6
5...Mixing coefficient generator.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A keyboard section including a plurality of keys; a first musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal corresponding to a key pressed on the keyboard section at least while the key is being pressed; and the keyboard section. a detecting means for detecting a key release touch when the key being pressed is released; and a waveform memory storing waveform data of a plurality of types of musical waveforms regarding the falling part of the musical tone signal; a second musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal of a falling portion corresponding to the released key by reading the waveform memory in response to the released key; and the second musical tone signal generating means. The means selects at least one of the plurality of types of tone waveforms stored in the waveform memory in response to the key release touch detected by the detection means, and selects the key release touch based on the reading of the selected tone waveform. a control means for generating a musical tone signal of the falling portion corresponding to the key, thereby controlling the timbre of the musical tone signal of the falling portion in accordance with a key release touch; and the first musical tone signal generating means. output control means for weighting and synthesizing the musical tone signal generated by the musical tone signal generated by the musical tone signal generated by the musical tone signal generated by the second musical tone signal generating means and gradually switching to the musical tone signal of the falling portion generated by the second musical tone signal generating means; A musical tone generator equipped with. 2. A keyboard section including a plurality of keys; a first musical tone signal generating means that generates a musical tone signal corresponding to a key pressed on the keyboard section at least while the key is being pressed; and a key that is being pressed on the keyboard section. has a detection means for detecting a key release touch when the key is released, and a waveform memory storing waveform data of multiple types of musical waveforms regarding the falling part of the musical tone signal, and corresponds to the release of the key being pressed. second musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal of a falling portion corresponding to the released key by reading out the waveform memory; and in the second musical tone signal generating means, the waveform memory At least one of a plurality of types of musical tone waveforms stored in the keyboard is selected in response to a key release touch detected by the detection means, and the tone waveform corresponding to the released key is selected based on the reading of the selected musical tone waveform. a control means for generating a musical tone signal of a falling portion and thereby controlling the timbre of the musical tone signal of the falling portion in accordance with a key release touch; a start control means for controlling readout start timing of the waveform memory in the second musical tone signal generating means so as to match the amplitude position; and a musical tone signal generated by the first musical tone signal generating means and the second musical tone. A musical tone generating device comprising: output control means for weighting and synthesizing the musical tone signal generated by the signal generating means and gradually switching to the musical tone signal of the falling portion generated by the second musical tone signal generating means.