JPH054561B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] This invention is applicable to indirect or direct heating of vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines, vehicles such as trailers, domestic rooms, drying rooms, rooms such as offices, etc. The present invention relates to a combustor that can be applied to equipment, drying equipment, etc.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, for example, to heat the interior of a vehicle, cooling water from the internal combustion engine is taken out through hot water piping, guided to a heater device, where heat is exchanged indirectly, and warm air is sent into the vehicle to heat the interior of the vehicle. There is something.

Furthermore, there is a heating device for a vehicle (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-252018) that heats the room by the amount of heat generated by burning fuel in a burner, ie, a combustor, regardless of the internal combustion engine.

Furthermore, an engine warm-up device (for example, an engine warm-up device designed to supply combustion gas from the combustor to the intake port of the engine via a heat exchanger and to guide air heated by the heat exchanger to the passenger compartment) 61-79864).

For example, the patent application filed in 1983 by the present applicant
There is one disclosed in No. 201856 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 62-62107). What is disclosed in the publication will be summarized with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, and 5.

In FIG. 3, a combustor 40 is shown in which a fuel inlet groove 48 connected to a fuel inlet 45 is provided on the overlapping surface of a porous vaporizer 42 and a fuel heating plate 41. The combustor 40 has a cup-shaped combustion tube 47 made of ceramic installed inside a housing 46. A vaporizer 42 is arranged at one end of the combustion tube 47, and a combustion gas outlet 49 is formed at the other end. Combustion air is blown into the combustion chamber 50 from the air inlet 52 through the air introduction path 54 from the air duct 51 . An ignition glow plug 4 is provided in the combustion chamber 50.
4 is installed. As shown in FIG. 4, the fuel heating plate 41 has a heating wire 43 having a power terminal 53.
is embedded. In FIG. 5, a plurality of fuel inflow grooves 48 formed in the vaporized body 42 are connected to the fuel supply pipe 5.
The fuel inlet 45 extends from a fuel inlet 45 that communicates with the fuel inlet 5 .

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, for indoor heating using the cooling water of the internal combustion engine, the temperature of the cooling water rises slowly, so it takes a long time for the heater body to send out hot air, and during that time the heater There is almost no heating function.

In addition, for automotive heating systems or engine warm-up systems that use a combustor independent of the internal combustion engine, combustion cycles, exhaust gas processing, etc. require time and effort, and complex mechanisms and control devices are required. There are problems such as:

In addition, the combustor disclosed in the above publication can suppress unvaporized fuel from remaining in the vaporized body corresponding to the wick, or wick, and prevent the generation of white smoke when combustion is stopped. Stabilization of flame distribution, etc. is not sufficient, and issues remain.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the liquid fuel receives sufficient heat and vaporizes well and rapidly, homogenizes the distribution of the air-vaporized fuel mixture, and flames. It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustor that completely burns fuel, which has a structure that stabilizes the distribution of fuel and prevents or makes it difficult for fuel to accumulate due to incomplete combustion or poor vaporization.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is configured as follows. That is, the present invention includes a combustion tube having a combustion gas exhaust port at the upper end and an air inlet at the side, a combustion chamber formed at the top of the combustion tube, and a vaporization chamber arranged at the bottom of the combustion tube. In the combustor having a vaporization device, the vaporization device includes a fiber wick filled in the vaporization chamber, a vaporization plate provided with vaporization holes above the fiber wick, a heater plate below the fiber wick, and a heater plate in the vaporization chamber. The present invention relates to a combustor characterized by having an annular body forming a peripheral side wall and forming a vent hole located around the vaporizing hole of the vaporizing plate.

Further, in this combustor, an ignition plug is provided above and adjacent to the vaporization plate.

Furthermore, in this combustor, the ignition plug is composed of an ignition glow plug.

Further, this combustor is provided with a fuel supply port that opens into the vaporization chamber.

Further, in this combustor, an air introduction passage is formed between the combustion tube and an outer tube provided on the outer periphery of the combustion tube.

[Effect]

The combustor according to the present invention is constructed as described above and operates as follows. That is, this combustor includes a fiber wick in which a vaporization device forming a vaporization chamber is arranged in the lower part of the combustion tube, the vaporization device filled in the vaporization chamber, and a vaporization plate provided with a vaporization hole above the fiber wick. The heater plate below the fiber wick and the circumferential side wall of the vaporization chamber are composed of an annular body formed with a ventilation hole located around the vaporization hole of the vaporization plate, so that the liquid fuel can be heated at a rapid rate. It is possible to vaporize the fuel, and the vaporized fuel can be immediately combusted and can be used for heating, etc., and since the combustion tube is vertical, it can maintain a good mixture of vaporized fuel and air. can be generated and the flame distribution can be stabilized.

Further, the vaporized body is composed of an upper vaporizing plate with vaporizing holes formed therein, a lower heater plate, and an annular body on the peripheral side, and ventilation holes are formed in the annular body so as to be located around the vaporizing holes. A fuel supply port opening into the vaporization chamber is provided, and an air introduction path is formed between the combustion tube and an outer tube provided on the outer periphery of the combustion tube, so that the liquid fuel can be vaporized more quickly. and is reliably vaporized and converted into vaporized fuel,
The flame remains stable without disturbance.

Furthermore, since an ignition plug, which is a glow plug that requires ignition, is provided above and adjacent to the vaporization plate, the temperature can be adjusted, heat can be received well without repelling the liquid fuel, and the liquid fuel can be vaporized smoothly. The mixture is homogeneously generated, there are almost no ignition errors, and combustion is performed well.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of a combustor according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 1, a combustor according to the invention is indicated generally by the reference numeral 1. In FIG. This combustor 1
This is a wick type in which the combustion chamber 6 is located above the vaporization chamber 7, and for example, air is taken in through the air cleaner of a diesel engine or gasoline engine, a separate air cleaner, etc., or air is taken in directly from outside or indoors. Air is introduced through an air intake pipe 12, and combustion gas is sent out directly into the room or the like through a combustion gas exhaust port 13, or sent out to a heat exchanger (not shown) installed downstream. In the case of sending the heat to a heat exchanger installed downstream, the heat exchanger may be installed in series downstream of the combustor 1, or may be installed on the outer periphery of the combustor 1, of course.

The combustor 1 includes a combustion tube 11 and a metal outer housing 14 that covers the outer periphery of the combustion tube 11.
The combustion tube 11 is made of ceramic material. For example, dense ceramics,
Alternatively, the ceramic member may be made of cordierite, which has a porous structure and has a small coefficient of thermal expansion.

The combustion tube 11 is installed in a substantially vertical direction, that is, in a vertical shape, and has a top wall 5 formed at its upper end.
A combustion gas exhaust port 13 is formed in the center of the cylinder. Further, a combustion chamber 6 is formed in the upper part of the combustion tube 11, and a vaporization chamber 7 is formed in the lower part.

Further, a metal air intake pipe 12 is provided on the side of the cylindrical portion of the outer cylinder housing 14, and an air introduction passage 2 is provided between the combustion cylinder 11 and the outer cylinder housing 14.
form 5. At the bottom of the combustion tube 11 is a vaporization chamber 7.
A vaporizer 2 constituting the system is disposed.

The vaporizer 2 is located on the peripheral side and is connected to the combustion tube 11.
It has an annular body 9 that fits into the annular body 9, a vaporizing plate 8 provided with a large number of vaporizing holes 3 located at the upper part, and a heating heater plate 20 located at the lower part. A vaporizing chamber 7 constituted by the vaporizing device 2 is filled with a fiber wick 10 . The vaporizing plate 8 and the annular body 9 are preferably made of a material such as ceramic, and the heater plate 20 is a material such as silicon nitride or ceramic with tungsten embedded therein.

Furthermore, a large number of air introduction holes 17 are formed in the peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder 11 that constitutes the combustion chamber 6 .
Further, within the combustion chamber 6 and above the vaporization plate 8, an ignition plug 4, which is an ignition glow plug, is installed close to the vaporization plate 8. The ignition plug 4 has a terminal 19, a mounting sleeve 23 attached to the outer cylinder housing 14, and a mounting hole 2 formed in the combustion tube 11.
2 and is attached to the combustor 1.

Furthermore, the heater plate 20 is a vaporizing glow plug which is a heating plug, and the heating heater plate 20 is made of a resistance wire 18 made of tungsten embedded in a silicon nitride member of the vaporization glow plug. A terminal 21 for supplying current is located.

A fuel supply pipe 16 fixed to the outer cylinder housing 14 is installed below the heater plate 20, and the fuel supply pipe 16 has a fuel supply port 24.
is formed. The fuel supply port 24 penetrates the heater plate 20 and opens into the vaporization chamber 7 .

In FIG. 2, a top view of the vaporizer 2 incorporated in the combustor 1 of the present invention is shown.
This vaporizer 2 includes an annular body 9 equipped with a vent hole 15 for guiding air into the combustion chamber 6 to serve as combustion air and to stabilize flame distribution, and an annular body 9 located inside the annular body 9 to vaporize liquid fuel. A vaporization plate 8 is shown that is provided with vaporization holes 3 that serve as passages for feeding the vaporized fuel from the vaporization chamber 7 to the combustion chamber 6.

The combustor 1 according to the present invention is constructed as described above and operates as follows.

Electricity is applied to the resistance wire 18 of the vaporizing glow plug on the heater plate 20 to heat the vaporizing glow plug and supply liquid fuel from the fuel supply pipe 16 to the vaporizing chamber 7 . The liquid fuel is introduced into the vaporization chamber 7 , then passes through the fiber wick 10 , where vaporization is promoted and rises from the vaporization hole 3 to the combustion chamber 6 .

In this case, the heater plate 20 is heated to a moderate temperature, for example about 500°C. If the temperature of the heater plate 20 is too high, it will explode and cannot receive heat, resulting in poor vaporization.

On the other hand, combustion air is sent from the air intake pipe 12, swirls through the air introduction path 25 between the outer cylinder housing 14 and the combustion cylinder 11, and is blown into the combustion chamber 6 from the air introduction hole 17. A portion of the combustion air flows around below the combustion tube 11 from the air introduction passage 25 and is blown into the combustion chamber 6 through the vent hole 15 formed in the annular body 9. The vaporized fuel and the combustion air are mixed in a homogeneous state to produce an air-fuel mixture, where the fuel is ignited and combusted by the ignition plug 4, which is an ignition glow plug.

The vaporized fuel is then ignited and combusted, and is completely combusted in the combustion chamber 6 while being mixed with combustion air. The vaporized fuel is combusted to become combustion gas, which is formed at the upper end of the combustion tube 11 . The combustion gas is sent out from the combustion gas exhaust port 13 to a heat exchanger (not shown) or the like through a combustion gas delivery pipe (not shown).

Although the embodiments of the combustor according to the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not necessarily limited to these details. For example, in the figure, combustion tube 1
1 is constructed in a substantially vertical state, but it goes without saying that it may be tilted to some extent within the scope of achieving the object of the present invention. Furthermore, although circular holes are formed in the vaporization plate as vaporization holes in the figure, the shape of the holes is not limited and may be oval, long holes, slits, etc. Furthermore, the shape of the vent formed in the annular body is not similarly limited. That is, it is necessary that the ventilation holes are arranged around a large number of vaporization holes.

Furthermore, the air intake pipe may be installed tangentially to the outer cylinder housing, in which case the air circulation is promoted in the air introduction path between the outer cylinder housing and the combustion cylinder, and the air intake pipe It can be configured so that it is evenly introduced into the combustion cylinder from the beginning. Furthermore, the installation position of the air intake pipe is not limited to any position on the outer cylinder housing, but it goes without saying that the amount of air passing through the ventilation hole and the air introduction hole will differ depending on the installation position. The optimum position may be set depending on the size, shape, etc. of the combustor, air introduction passage, etc. Furthermore, the number, perforation positions, etc. of the air introduction holes, ventilation holes, and vaporization holes can be changed as appropriate.

[Effects of the Invention] The combustor according to the present invention is configured as described above, and has the following effects. That is, this combustor includes a fiber wick in which a vaporizing device that forms a vaporizing chamber in the lower part of the combustion tube is filled in the vaporizing chamber;
A vaporizing plate with a vaporizing hole above the fiber wick, a heater plate below the fiber wick, and a vent forming a peripheral side wall of the vaporizing chamber and located around the vaporizing hole of the vaporizing plate. Since the combustion tube is constructed from a vertical annular body, the liquid fuel can be vaporized rapidly, and the vaporized fuel can be immediately combusted and quickly used for heating, etc. Since it is a mold, a mixture of vaporized fuel and air can be generated well, and the flame distribution can be stabilized.

Further, the vaporization device includes an upper vaporization plate with vaporization holes formed therein, a lower heater plate, and an annular body on the peripheral side, and ventilation holes are formed in the annular body so as to be located around the vaporization holes. A fuel supply port opening into the vaporization chamber is provided, and an air introduction path is formed between the combustion tube and an outer tube provided on the outer periphery of the combustion tube, so that the liquid fuel can be supplied more quickly and reliably. It is vaporized and converted into vaporized fuel, and the flame becomes stable without disturbance.

Furthermore, since an ignition plug, which is a glow plug for ignition, is provided above and adjacent to the vaporization plate, the temperature can be adjusted, heat can be received well without repelling the liquid fuel, and the liquid fuel can be vaporized smoothly. This method produces various effects, such as a good homogeneous mixture of vaporized fuel and air, almost no ignition errors, and good combustion.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a combustor according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a vaporizer and taken along the line - in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an example of a combustor according to the prior art. 4 is a plan view showing the fuel heating plate shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a back view of the vaporizer shown in FIG. 3. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Combustor, 2... Vaporizer, 3... Vaporization hole, 4... Spark plug, 6... Combustion chamber, 7... Vaporization chamber, 8... Vaporization plate, 9... Annular body, 10... ...Fiber wick, 11...Combustion tube, 12...Air intake pipe, 13...Combustion gas exhaust port, 14...Outer cylinder housing, 15...Vent hole, 16...Fuel supply pipe, 17...Air Introduction hole, 20...heater plate, 24...fuel supply port, 25...air introduction path.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A combustion tube having a combustion gas exhaust port at its upper end and an air inlet port at its side, a combustion chamber formed at the top of the combustion tube, and a vaporization chamber disposed at the bottom of the combustion tube. In a combustor having a vaporizer, the vaporizer includes a fiber wick filled in the vaporization chamber, a vaporization plate provided with a vaporization hole above the fiber wick,
A combustor comprising: a heater plate below the fiber wick; and an annular body forming a circumferential side wall of the vaporization chamber and having a vent hole located around the vaporization hole of the vaporization plate. 2. The combustor according to claim 1, characterized in that an ignition plug is provided above and adjacent to the vaporization plate. 3. The combustor according to claim 2, wherein the ignition plug is an ignition glow plug. 4. The combustor according to claim 1, further comprising a fuel supply port opening into the vaporization chamber. 5. The combustor according to claim 1, wherein an air introduction path is formed between the combustion tube and an outer tube provided on the outer periphery of the combustion tube.