JPS6365210A - Burner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make ignition to the fuel smoothly and surely and stabilize the distribution of flames by providing fins on the upper section of a fuel reservoir and providing a partition plate in which a through-hole for a glow plug and vaporization holes are formed. CONSTITUTION:A liquid fuel 19 is gassified by a plate heater 18 being heated, and it rises as a gassified fuel into a combustion chamber 6 through many gassification holes 15 formed in the outer peripheral section of a partition plate 8. Part of the liquid fuel 9 which is stored in a fuel reservoir 3 is sucked up through a clearance between a stem 23 and a glow plug 4 by a capillary action. This liquid fuel 19 contacts a glow plug 4 which is at a high temperature by being heated and it is ignited. When the state of combustion in a burner 1 has fully progressed, electric current supplied to a glow plug 4 and the plate heater 18 is stopped. Because of fully progressed combustion, the partition plate 8 which is a heat receiving plate and has fins 9 receives the combustion heat, namely the radiation heat in the combustion chamber 6 to reach a high temperature and transfers the heat in the gassification chamber 7 as heat for gassification and functions so as to vaporize the liquid fuel 19.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] This invention is applicable to indirect or It relates to a combustor that can be applied to direct heating equipment, drying equipment, boilers, water heaters, etc.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, for example, when heating a vehicle's interior, cooling water from an internal combustion engine is taken out through hot water piping and guided to a heater device.
Some devices heat the room by indirectly exchanging heat and blowing warm air into the room.

In addition, a heating system for a vehicle that heats the room by the amount of heat generated by burning fuel in a burner, that is, a combustor, regardless of the internal combustion engine (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-252018
(See Publication No.). In addition, an engine warm-up device (for example, an engine warm-up device designed to supply combustion gas from the combustor to the engine's intake boat through a heat exchanger and to guide air heated by the heat exchanger to the passenger compartment) 61-79864).

As a prior art, for example, there is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 1983-201856 filed by the present applicant. Regarding what is described in Japanese Patent Application No. 60-201856,
An overview will be given with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, and 4.

In FIG. 2, a porous vaporizer 42 and a fuel heating plate 41
A combustor 40 is shown having a fuel inflow groove 48 connected to a fuel port 45 on the overlapping surface thereof.

The combustor 40 has a cup-shaped combustion tube 47 made of ceramic.
is installed inside the housing 46.

A vaporizer 42 is arranged at one end of the combustion tube 47, and a combustion gas outlet 49 is formed at the other end. Combustion air is supplied to an air inlet 52 through an air duct 51 and an air introduction passage 54.
The air is blown into the combustion chamber 50 from the air. An ignition glow plug 44 is installed in the combustion chamber 50. As shown in FIG. 3, the fuel heating plate 41 has a heating wire 43 having a power terminal 53.
is embedded. In FIG. 4, a plurality of fuel inlets 11148 formed in the vaporized body 42 extend from the fuel port 45 leading to the fuel supply pipe 55.

In addition, as a control device for a hot air heater, for example,
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6-61533. The control device for this hot air heater will be outlined with reference to FIG. This invention relates to a control device for a hot air heater that has a non-ignition timer that automatically stops the operation of the hot air heater if ignition is not performed within a set time when the combustor 61 is ignited.

A low-temperature side thermal response switch 63 with a low set temperature and a high-temperature side thermal response switch 64 with a high set temperature are provided at or near the combustor 61, so that ignition and combustion of the combustor 61 is performed and the combustor 61 or its vicinity is Thermal response switch 63 on the low temperature side
When the temperature rises to the set temperature, the low temperature side thermal response switch 63
The operation of the igniter 62 for igniting the fuel is stopped and the non-ignition timer is also deactivated, and combustion continues and the temperature of the combustor 61 or its vicinity rises to the set temperature of the high temperature side thermal response switch 64. The present invention relates to a control device for a hot-air heater that starts a convection blower 65 by operating a high-temperature side thermal response switch 64 to blow hot air into a room when the hot air temperature switch 64 is activated.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, for indoor heating using the cooling water of the internal combustion engine, the temperature of the cooling water rises slowly, so it takes a long time for the heater body to send out hot air, and during that time the heater There is almost no heating function. In addition, for automotive heating systems or engine warm-up systems that use a combustor independent of the internal combustion engine, combustion cycles, exhaust gas processing, etc. require time and effort, and complex mechanisms and control devices are required. There are problems such as:

In addition, with regard to the above-mentioned combustor as a prior art, it is possible to suppress the unvaporized fuel from remaining in the vaporized body corresponding to the wick, that is, the ground zero, and prevent the generation of white smoke when combustion is stopped, but the ignitability of the fuel Technical ideas regarding the stability of flame distribution, etc. are not disclosed.

Further, regarding the control device for the hot air heater disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 56-61533, there is a non-ignition timer,
Although temperature control is carried out using a high-temperature side thermal response switch, a low-temperature side thermal response switch, etc., there is no technical idea regarding rapid vaporization of liquid fuel, rapid ignition of fuel, rapid combustion, etc., at all. Rapid vaporization, rapid ignition,
There are problems with rapid combustion, etc.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the liquid fuel receives sufficient heat and vaporizes well and rapidly, homogenizes the distribution of the air-vaporized fuel mixture, and
A fuel characterized by a structure in which ignition of the fuel is carried out extremely smoothly and reliably, the distribution of flame is stabilized, and incomplete combustion, poor vaporization, etc. are prevented or difficult to occur. It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustor that can perform complete combustion.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above problems and achieve the above objects, the present invention is configured as follows.

That is, the present invention forms a fuel reservoir in which a plate heater is disposed at the bottom of a combustion tube that forms a combustion chamber and is provided with a large number of air introduction holes, and above the fuel reservoir, a fuel reservoir is provided on the side of the combustion chamber. A combustor characterized in that a partition plate is provided with fins and has a glow plug through hole and a vaporizing hole, and a glow plug passes through the glow plug through hole with a clearance, More specifically, the partition plate is arranged to shield the fuel reservoir, the outer cylinder is arranged to form an annular air passage around the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder, and The glow plug through hole is formed in the center, and the vaporized fuel hole is formed in the outer circumference, and the majority of the air introduction holes are formed in the upper part of the combustion cylinder, and a part of the air introduction hole is formed in the vaporized fuel. The present invention relates to a combustor, characterized in that a fuel supply port is formed near the through hole and opens into the fuel reservoir, and a combustion gas outlet is further formed in the upper part of the combustion tube.

[Effect]

The combustor according to the present invention is constructed as described above and operates as follows. That is, this combustor has a fuel reservoir in which a plate heater is arranged at the bottom of a combustion tube that forms a combustion chamber and is provided with a large number of air introduction holes, and above the fuel reservoir is a fuel reservoir on the side of the combustion chamber. A partition plate is provided with fins and has a glow plug through hole and a vaporizing hole, and the glow plug passes through the glow plug through hole with a clearance, so that the liquid fuel can flow rapidly. The vaporized fuel can be vaporized to produce vaporized fuel, and the vaporized fuel can be immediately combusted and immediately used for heating, etc., and when combustion is active, it can be heated through the fins into the combustion chamber. It is possible to receive sufficient combustion heat, that is, radiant heat, and radiate the heat to the fuel reservoir to vaporize the liquid fuel rapidly and smoothly.Furthermore, since the combustion tube is vertical, the vaporized fuel and air can be It is possible to generate a good mixture with the flame and stabilize the flame distribution. Further, the partition plate is arranged to shield the fuel reservoir, an outer cylinder is arranged to form an annular air passage around the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder, and the glow plug through hole is arranged with respect to the partition plate. The vaporized fuel vents are formed in the central part and the vaporized fuel vents are formed in the outer peripheral part, and the majority of the air introduction holes are formed in the upper part of the combustion cylinder, and a part of the air introduction holes are formed near the vaporized fuel vents. As a result, the liquid fuel is vaporized more quickly and reliably and converted to vaporized fuel, and the liquid fuel continues to be vaporized smoothly, resulting in a homogeneous mixture and almost no ignition errors. The flame can be ignited smoothly and reliably without any turbulence, and the flame can be stabilized without turbulence, resulting in good combustion.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of a combustor according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 1, a combustor according to the invention is indicated generally by the reference numeral 1. In FIG. The combustor 1 is of a vertical type in which the combustion chamber 6 is located above the vaporization chamber 7, and air is taken in through, for example, an air cleaner of a diesel engine or a gasoline engine, a separate air cleaner, etc., or directly. The outside air or the air taken in from the room is introduced through the air intake pipe 12, and the combustion gas is sent directly into the room etc. from the combustion gas outlet 13 through the combustion gas delivery pipe 14, or a heat exchanger ( (not shown). In the case of delivery to a downstream installed heat exchanger, the heat exchanger may be installed in series downstream of combustor 1 or
Of course, it may be installed on the outer periphery of the. Combustor 1
The combustion cylinder 11 is composed of a combustion cylinder 11 and a metal outer cylinder 2 that covers the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder 11. The material of the combustion tube 11 is made of a ceramic member. For example, the material of the ceramic member is cordierite, which has a porous structure and has a small coefficient of thermal expansion. It can also be made from materials. The combustion tube 11 is installed in a vertical direction, that is, in a vertical shape, and the top wall 5 is assembled by fitting into a stepped portion 26 (in other words, a mark portion) formed at the upper end of the combustion tube 11. A combustion gas outlet 13 is formed in the center of this top wall 5 . Further, a combustion chamber 6 is formed in the upper part of the combustion tube 11, and a vaporization chamber 7 is formed in the lower part. Further, a metal air intake pipe 12 is provided on the side of the cylindrical portion of the outer cylinder 2, and an annular air passage 25 is formed between the combustion cylinder 11 and the outer cylinder 2. A partition plate 8 configuring the vaporization chamber 7 is arranged at the lower part of the combustion tube 11 . Partition plate 8
is an annular heat receiving plate that fits into the combustion tube 11, has a large number of fins 9 on the combustion chamber 6 side, has a stem 23 forming a globe lug through hole 10 in the center, and further has an outer circumference. is equipped with a large number of vaporization holes 15. A fuel reservoir 3 is formed in the lower part of the vaporization chamber 7, which is composed of a combustion tube 11 and a partition plate 8, and a plate heater 18 is disposed in the fuel reservoir 3. The plate heater 18 functions as a vaporizing glow plug for vaporizing liquid fuel to generate vaporized fuel. The plate heater 18 is provided with a terminal 22. The glow plug 4 passes through the glow plug through hole 10 with a small clearance 20. The glow plug 4 is an ignition glow plug and has a terminal 21. With this configuration,
The liquid fuel sucked up through the clearance 20 is
It can be ignited by contacting the high temperature part of the glow plug 4. The glow plug 4 and the plate heater 18 are heating plugs in which tungsten is embedded in a material such as silicon nitride or ceramic. These heating plugs have a resistance wire made of tungsten and are configured to supply current to the resistance wire through terminals 21,22. Furthermore, in the combustion tube 11 constituting the combustion chamber 6, a large number of air introduction holes 17 and a small number of air introduction holes 16 are formed in the vicinity of the vaporization holes 15 at the upper part. The fuel supply pipe 24 penetrates the combustion tube 11 and opens into the vaporization chamber 7. The fuel reservoir 3 is configured at the bottom of the combustion tube 11 and stores liquid fuel 19.
is accumulated in the fuel reservoir 3. The plate heater 18 is immersed in liquid fuel 19. Similarly, the lower end of the stem 23 of the partition plate 8 is also immersed in the liquid fuel 19. Accordingly, liquid fuel is drawn up from the lower end of the stem 23 through the gap or clearance 20 by capillary action.

The combustor 1 according to the present invention is constructed as described above and operates as follows.

First, a fuel supply pump (not shown) or the like is operated to supply liquid fuel to the fuel reservoir 3 through the fuel supply pipe 24 as shown by arrow F, and the resistance wire of the plate heater 18, which is a glow plug for vaporization, is supplied. Electricity is applied to heat the plate heater 18. The liquid fuel 19 is vaporized by the heated plate heater 18, becomes vaporized fuel, and rises into the combustion chamber 6 from a large number of vaporization holes 15 formed on the outer periphery of the partition plate 8 as shown by the arrows. In this case, the plate heater 18 is preferably heated to a temperature that is not too high, for example, about 500°C. If the temperature is too high, the liquid fuel may carbonize, which is not preferable.

Further, the resistance wire of the glow plug 4, which is an ignition glow plug, is energized to heat the glow plug 4.

A portion of the liquid fuel 19 stored in the fuel reservoir 3 passes through the clearance 20 between the stem 23 and the glow plug 4 and is sucked up by capillary action. The liquid fuel 19 contacts the heated glow plug 4 and is ignited. On the other hand, combustion air is fed from the air intake pipe 12 as shown by arrow A, swirls through the annular air passage 25 between the outer cylinder 2 and the combustion cylinder 11, and enters the combustion chamber 6 from the air introduction hole 17. Infused. A part of the combustion air goes around the lower part of the combustion tube 11 from the annular air passage 25 and is blown into the combustion chamber 6 through the air introduction hole 16 formed at the lower part of the combustion tube 11 and near the vaporization hole 15 of the partition plate 8. It will be done. The vaporized fuel and the combustion air are mixed in a homogeneous state to produce an air-fuel mixture, where the fuel is ignited and combusted by a glow plug 4, which is an ignition glow plug. The vaporized fuel is then ignited and combusted, and is completely combusted in the combustion chamber 6 while being mixed with combustion air. The vaporized fuel is combusted to become a combustion gas, which is sent from a combustion gas outlet 13 formed in the top wall 5 of the combustion tube 11 through a combustion gas delivery pipe 14 to a heat exchanger (not shown) or the like. When the combustion state in the combustor 1 becomes active, the supply of electricity to the plate heater 18 as well as the glow plug 4 is stopped. Since the combustion is active, the partition plate 8 with fins 9, which is a heat receiving plate, receives combustion heat, that is, radiant heat, in the combustion chamber 6 and becomes high temperature, which is conducted into the vaporization chamber 7 as vaporization heat, and the liquid fuel is heated. It functions to vaporize 19.

As mentioned above, the embodiments of the combustor according to the present invention have been described in detail, but these details are not necessarily limited to configuring the combustor 11 in a vertical state. Of course, there is no problem even if it is tilted. Furthermore, although a large number of fins are formed on the upper surface of the partition plate, it goes without saying that fins may be formed not only on the upper surface but also on the lower surface of the partition plate. When fins are formed above and below the partition plate, they can effectively receive the radiant heat from the combustion chamber.
Heat can be effectively radiated to the fuel reservoir.

Furthermore, the shape of the vaporization hole formed in the partition plate is circular,
The shape of the hole is not limited, and may be an ellipse, a long hole, a slit, or the like. Furthermore, the shape of the air introduction hole formed in the combustion tube is not similarly limited. Furthermore, the air intake pipe may be installed tangentially to the outer cylinder (in that case, the annular air passage between the outer cylinder and the combustion cylinder will promote air swirling and the air will flow out from the air inlet hole). It can be configured so that it is evenly introduced into the combustion cylinder.

Furthermore, the installation position of the air intake pipe is not limited to any position on the outer cylinder, but it goes without saying that the amount of air passing through the ventilation hole and the air introduction hole differs depending on the installation position. The optimum position may be selected depending on the size, shape, etc. of the combustor, annular air passage, etc. Furthermore,
Of course, the number, perforation positions, etc. of the air introduction holes formed in the combustion tube and the vaporization holes formed in the partition plate can be changed as appropriate.

(Effects of the Invention) The combustor according to the present invention is configured as described above and has the following effects.That is, the combustor forms a combustion chamber and is equipped with a large number of air introduction holes. A fuel reservoir with a plate heater arranged at the bottom of the combustion tube is formed, and above the fuel reservoir there is a partition plate provided with fins on the combustion chamber side and formed with glow plug through holes and vaporized fuel ventilation holes. Since the glow plug penetrates the glow plug through hole with a clearance, the liquid fuel can be rapidly vaporized to generate vaporized fuel,
Not only can the vaporized fuel be immediately combusted and immediately used for heating, etc., but when combustion becomes active, it receives sufficient combustion heat, that is, radiant heat, from the combustion chamber through the fins. The liquid fuel can be rapidly and smoothly vaporized by dissipating heat to the fuel reservoir, and since the combustion tube is vertical, a good mixture of vaporized fuel and air can be generated, and the flame can be suppressed. The distribution can be stabilized. Further, the partition plate is arranged to shield the fuel reservoir, an outer cylinder is arranged to form an annular air passage around the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder, and the glow plug through hole is arranged with respect to the partition plate. The vaporized fuel vents are formed in the central part and the vaporized fuel vents are formed in the outer peripheral part, and the majority of the air introduction holes are formed in the upper part of the combustion cylinder, and a part of the air introduction holes are formed near the vaporized fuel vents. As a result, the liquid fuel is vaporized more quickly and reliably and converted to vaporized fuel, and the liquid fuel continues to be vaporized smoothly, resulting in a homogeneous mixture and almost no ignition errors. (The combustor itself can be ignited smoothly and reliably, the flame is stable without turbulence, and combustion is performed well. The structure of the combustor itself is extremely simple and compact, and it is easy to handle. The control of glow plugs, heating plugs, fuel supply and combustion air can be performed extremely easily and reliably.
It is preferable from the viewpoint of safety, and also has various effects such as easy maintenance.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a combustor according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an example of a combustor according to the prior art,
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the fuel heating plate shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a back view of the vaporizer shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a conventional hot air heater control device. . 1-----Combustor, 2--Outer cylinder, 3--M-Fuel reservoir, 4--Glow plug, 5--Top wall, 6
----- Combustion chamber, 7------ Vaporization chamber, 8---
Partition plate, 9-1--Fin, 10--Glow plug through hole, 11-1--Combustion tube, 12-11-11 Air intake pipe, 13-----Combustion gas outlet, 14-111 ~ Combustion gas delivery pipe, 15 ---- Vaporization hole, 16
, 17---Air introduction hole, 18---Plate heater, 19---Liquid fuel, 20---Clearance, 21, 22---One terminal, 23---Stem,
24---Fuel supply vibe, 25---Annular air passage, 26-1 stage part, A---1---flow direction of combustion air, F-flow direction of liquid fuel, K-vaporized fuel flow direction. Patent applicant Chair! Jidosha Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney O Naka - So No. 2

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) A fuel reservoir in which a plate heater is arranged is formed at the bottom of a combustion cylinder that forms a combustion chamber and is provided with a large number of air introduction holes, and above the fuel reservoir, fins are provided on the side of the combustion chamber. A combustor characterized in that a partition plate having a glow plug through hole and a vaporization hole is disposed, and a glow plug passes through the glow plug through hole with a clearance. (2) The combustor according to claim 1, wherein the partition plate is arranged to shield the fuel reservoir. (3) The combustor according to claim 1, wherein an outer cylinder is arranged so as to form an annular air passage around the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder. (4) The combustor according to claim 1, wherein the glow plug through hole is formed in a central portion of the partition plate, and the vaporization hole is formed in an outer peripheral portion of the partition plate. (5) The combustor according to claim 1, wherein the majority of the air introduction holes are formed in the upper part of the combustion tube. (6) The combustor according to claim 1, wherein a part of the air introduction hole is formed near the vaporization hole. (7) The combustor according to claim 1, further comprising a fuel supply port that opens into the fuel reservoir. (8) The combustor according to claim 1, wherein a combustion gas outlet is formed in the upper part of the combustion tube.