JPH0540019A - Shape measuring instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily and accurately measure the shapes of a recessed and projecting sections formed on the circumferential surface of an object to be measured by measuring the amount of relative movement between a detecting means which detects a specific part of the object placed on a table and the table. CONSTITUTION:A detecting means 5 is constituted of a detecting section, namely, an endoscope 12, CCD camera 13 which converts light from the endoscope 12 into electric signals, and CRT 14 which visualizes the electric signals upon receiving the signals from the camera 13. A sliding means 7 is equipped with a column 15 planted on a pedestal 2, slider 16 which slides on the column 15, and a holder 20 which slides the means 5 in the radial direction of the table 3, namely, in the directions in which the means 5 is brought nearer and separated from the axis of the table 3. Then the amount of relative movement between an object to be measured placed on the table 3 and the means 5 is measured and the shape of a specific part of the object is computed by a computing/ displaying means on the basis of the measured results. The computed shape is displayed on the CRT.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the shape of a concave portion and a convex portion formed on the outer circumferential surface of a cylinder or a round bar, or on the inner circumferential surface of a cylindrical body having a circular inner circumference. Etc. For example, the present invention relates to a shape measuring device for measuring the contour shape of a concave portion and a convex portion, the size of the contour, the straightness of a line forming the contour, the circumferential angle which is the angle occupied by the contour in the circumferential direction, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In power steering, for example, a steering shaft and a shaft receiver for receiving the steering shaft are formed with recesses facing each other, and a space for pressing is provided in a space formed by the recess on the steering shaft side and the recess on the shaft receiving side. Filled with oil. Therefore, it is necessary that the recesses on the steer shaft side and the shaft receiving side have a predetermined shape, and the inspection of the shape becomes important. Conventionally, for example, the shape of the concave portion and the convex portion formed on the circumferential surface of a round bar such as a steer shaft is fixed to a microscope as a detection means, and the measured object is manually moved with respect to this microscope. However, it has been measured by specifying the contours of the concave portions and the convex portions.

On the other hand, conventionally, the shape of a recess or a protrusion formed on the circumferential surface of a cylindrical body such as a shaft receiver is measured by observing it at an angle inclined with respect to the axis of the object to be measured. It was

[0004]

According to the conventional method for measuring the shape of the concave portion or the convex portion formed on the circumferential surface of the round bar, the detection of the circumferential surface in the axial direction, around the axial line, and in the radial direction is performed. Since the relative movement of the means and the object to be measured is performed by hand, there is a problem that skill is required to perform accurate measurement, and much time and labor for handling are required. In the conventional method of measuring the shape of the concave portion or the convex portion formed on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical body, in order to observe at an angle inclined with respect to the axis of the measured object, it is difficult to accurately detect the shape, In addition, there was a problem that some parts could not be detected and could not be detected. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a shape measuring device that can easily and accurately measure the formation of concave portions and convex portions formed on a circumferential surface without requiring skill. It is a thing.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a shape measuring device configured to detect a portion to be measured by a detecting means movable about an axis of the object to be measured. The detailed configuration is to measure the shape of a specific portion on the outer circumferential surface such as a cylinder or a round bar, or on the inner circumferential surface such as a cylindrical body whose inner circumference is circular. Is placed in the vicinity of the table on which the table is placed, and is relatively movable with respect to the table in the axial direction of the table, around the axial line of the table and in the radial direction of the table. The detection means for detecting a specific portion of the object to be measured placed on the table and the amount of relative movement between the table and the detection means are measured, and the detection means is mounted on the table based on the measurement result. The shape measuring apparatus is provided with calculation display means for calculating and displaying the shape of a specific portion of the placed object to be measured.

The means for enabling the relative movement of the table and the detecting means are, specifically, means for rotating the table, means for sliding the detecting means in parallel with the axis of the table, and the detecting means for the axis of the table. An example is a combination of means for sliding in the radial direction. Specific examples of the detecting means include one that includes a CCD camera that optically detects by observing the measurement site and an image means that displays the detection result of the CCD camera as an image.

[0007]

The shape of the object to be measured is obtained based on the relative movement between the detecting means and the object to be measured placed on the table.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in FIGS. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. The shape measuring device 1 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 2, a base 2, a table 3, a table rotating means 4 for rotating the table 3, a detecting means 5, and a table.
Calculation display means 6 for measuring the amount of relative movement between the object to be measured placed on the bull 3 and the detecting means 5, and calculating and displaying the shape of the specific portion of the object to be measured based on the measurement result, and the detecting means 5. The slide means 7 is provided for moving the table 3 in the axial direction of the table 3 (direction of arrow A). The table 3 is for placing an object to be measured, and is provided with a chuck 8 for fixing and holding the object to be measured. Table rotating means 4
Is fixed to the upper portion of the base 2 and includes an output motor 9,
The table 3 is rotated with respect to the base 2 in a horizontal plane. The table rotating means 4 is provided with centering means 10 for aligning the axis line of the object to be measured when it is placed on the table 3 with the axis line of the table 3. The output mode
The data output from the driver 9 based on the signal from the driver 27.
Rotate Bull 3. Further, the centering means 10 is provided in the table 3
It also has a function of correcting the inclination for making the axis line of (1) parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding means 7. The table rotation means 4 further detects the angle of movement of the table 3 when the table 3 is rotated, with a rotary encoder 11 having a resolution of 5 seconds.
Is provided.

The detecting means 5 is an endoscope 12 which is a detecting portion.
A CCD camera 13 that converts light from the endoscope 12 into an electric signal, and a CRT 14 that receives a signal from the CCD camera 13 and visualizes the signal. Endoscope 12
Is a so-called orthogonal view type endoscope 12 having a substantially cylindrical shape and having a window for light irradiation and a window for detection in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the cylinder. Observation is possible by arranging the measurement object and the axis in parallel. 33 is a light source means for illuminating the object to be measured. The detecting means 5 has an edge sensing function for automatically detecting the contour of a specific shape, and sends a data signal to the system controller 32 indicating whether or not an edge is detected.

The slide means 7 includes a column 15 provided upright on the base 2, a slider 16 which slides along the column 15 in the vertical direction (direction of arrow A), a motor 17, and a port.
And an output means 19 for sliding the slider 16 in the vertical direction, including a screw 18 and the like, and a detection means 5 held by the slider 16 and the detection means 5 in the radial direction of the table 3, that is, with respect to the axis of the table 3. Direction of proximity / separation (arrow B
It is mainly composed of a holder -20 which holds slidably in (direction). The motor 17 outputs based on the signal from the driver 21, and the slider 16 slides along the column 15. Between the column 15 and the slider 16,
A length measuring unit 22 is provided for detecting the amount of movement of the slider 6 when it slides in the vertical direction with a resolution of 1 μm. Reference numeral 23 is a display unit that displays the movement amount detected by the length measuring unit 22.

On the other hand, the holder 20 is slid with respect to the slider 16 by manually operating the feed knob 24. 25 is a holder-2 for the slider 16
It is a knob of a clamp for fixing the 0 position. Between the slider 16 and the holder 20, there is a length measuring means 26 for detecting the amount of movement of the holder 20 with respect to the slider 16 when the holder 20 slides toward the axis of the table 3 with a resolution of 1 μm. It is arranged. The movement amount detected by the length measuring unit 26 is displayed on the display unit 23 as in the case of the length measuring unit 22.

The calculation display means 6 includes a data memory 28 and
Arithmetic unit 29, CRT 14, operation unit 30, and display unit 3
1 and a system controller 32. The data memory 28 receives data signals from the rotary encoder 11, the length measuring means 22 and the length measuring means 26 and stores the data related thereto. The arithmetic unit 29 performs a predetermined arithmetic operation on the data of the data memory 28 based on the command (control) of the system controller 32.

The CRT 14 and the display unit 31 include a calculation unit 29.
The result of the calculation performed by is displayed. CRT
Reference numeral 14 is a display means of the detection means 5 and / or a calculation display means 6 based on a control signal from the system controller 32.
Works as. The display unit 31 includes a liquid crystal display unit and a printer unit. The operation unit 30 is for sending a control signal to the system controller 32 so that the system controller 32 operates each unit and each unit as desired. The operation of the system controller 32 will be described later in detail in the operation of the shape measuring apparatus 1.

The shape measuring device 1 is constructed as described above. The shape measurement of the concave portion formed on the inner circumferential surface of the shaft receiver of the power steering which is a cylindrical body will be described below using the shape measuring device 1. The contour of the concave portion whose shape is to be measured is processed to have a rectangular shape. The operation unit 30 is operated to operate the system controller 32.
Sends a control signal from the slide means 7 to the driver 21, that is, a control signal for outputting the motor 17, to position the endoscope 12 held on the slider 16 side to the highest position. After this state is obtained, the shaft receiver (not shown), which is the object to be measured, is placed on the table 3 and the chuck 8 is attached.
Tighten and fix with. Here, using the centering means 10,
The axis of the shaft receiver is matched with the axis of the table 3, and the inclination of the axis of the table 3 is corrected so as to be parallel to the sliding direction of the slide means 7.

By operating the feed knob 24, the holder 20 is slid in the direction of arrow B, and the endoscope 12 is aligned with the observable position on the inner peripheral surface of the shaft receiver while observing the CRT 14. When the alignment is completed, the knob 25 is operated to clamp the holder 20 so as to hold the position of the holder 20 with respect to the slider 16. Here, the operating section 30 is operated again to move the slide means 7 from the system controller 32.
A control signal is sent to the endoscope 12 and the endoscope 12 is slid down in the direction of arrow A to a position where the contour of the concave portion, which is the measured portion of the shaft receiver, can be observed.

By operating the operation unit 30, the system controller 32 sends a control signal to the CRT 14 to image a reference line consisting of a vertical axis and a horizontal axis. Further, by operating the operation unit 30, a control signal for operating the table rotating means 4 from the system controller 32, that is, a control signal for outputting the output motor 9 to the driver 27 is sent to rotate the table 3 and the measured portion. Among the contour lines of the concave portion, the axis line parallel to the axis line of the shaft receiver is aligned with the vertical axis of the reference line shown on the CRT 14. Here, based on the data signal of the edge sensing data of the contour of the measured concave portion performed by the endoscope 12, the drivers 21 and 27 are configured so that the endoscope 12 automatically moves relative to the contour of the measured concave portion. The measurer operates the operation unit 30 to send control signals for respectively outputting the motor 17 and the output motor 9 to the system controller 32. At the same time, after the completion of the relative movement, the contour shape and dimensions of the measured concave portion, the circumferential angle of the measured concave portion, and the straightness of the contour line of the measured concave portion are calculated to calculate CRT1.
4 and a control signal for displaying on the display unit 31 is sent from the system controller 32 to the calculation unit 29.

When the endoscope 12 automatically moves relative to the object to be measured along the contour of the concave portion to be measured, the rotary encoder 11 and the length measuring means 22 detect the amount of relative movement and the data memory. 28 as a data signal. The calculation unit 29 includes a rotary encoder 11, a length measuring unit 22,
Also, the detection signal of the length measuring means 26 is obtained from the data memory 28, a predetermined calculation is performed, and the result of the calculation is displayed on the CRT 14
And send to the display unit 31. The CRT 14 and the display unit 31 are
The calculation result of the calculation unit 29 is displayed and printed.

As described above, the shape measuring device 1 is formed on the circumferential surface because it is configured to obtain the shape of the contour based on the relative movement of the detecting means 5 and the contour of the concave portion of the object to be measured. The contour of the concave portion does not require skill and can be measured easily and accurately. Further, the shape of a concave portion formed in the inner circumferential portion, which cannot be normally seen by the naked eye, can be measured.

In the above-mentioned use of the shape measuring apparatus 1, the shape and each dimension of the contour, the circumferential angle of the measured concave portion, and the straightness of the contour line of the measured concave portion were obtained together. Can be appropriately selected and obtained. At that time, the result detected by the length measuring means 22, that is, the contour of the measured concave portion,
The distance in the axial direction is indicated on the display unit 23 by the rotary encoder 1
The detection result of 1, that is, the circumferential angle of the measured concave portion is displayed on the display unit 31, respectively. Although the holder 20 is manually fed in the shape measuring apparatus 1, the relative movement between the detection means 5 and the object to be measured can be completely automated by automatically feeding the holder 20.

In the shape measuring apparatus 1, after the contour of the concave portion to be measured is projected at a predetermined position of the CRT 14, the output motor 9 and the motor 17 automatically output to perform edge sensing, and the detecting means 5 and the object to be measured. Is configured to automatically perform relative movement, but it may be configured to appropriately output the output motor 9 and the motor 17 while observing the CRT 14 to perform relative movement. In this use of the shape measuring apparatus 1, the object to be measured is a cylindrical body and its inner peripheral surface side is measured, but in addition to this, the object to be measured is a round bar and is formed on the circumferential surface thereof. The shape of the concave and convex portions can be measured.

[0021]

According to the present invention, there is provided detection means capable of moving relative to the object to be measured in the axial direction of the object to be measured, around the axis, and in the radial direction of the object to be measured, and the detecting means and the object to be measured. Since it is configured to measure the shape based on the relative movement of an object, the shape of a specific portion such as a concave portion or a convex portion on the circumferential surface, which is a measurement target, can be easily and accurately measured without requiring skill. It is a possible shape measuring device. Further, the effect is obtained that even the contour of the concave portion formed in the inner circumferential portion, which is not normally visible to the naked eye, can be measured.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a structural explanatory view showing an operation of the embodiment shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Shape Measuring Device 3 Table 4 Table Rotating Means 5 Detecting Means 6 Calculation Display Means 7 Slide Means 11 Rotary Encoder 12 Endoscope (Detecting Means) 13 CCD Camera (Detecting Means) 22, 26 Length Measuring Means

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Makoto Suzuki 56-4 Karaike, Sumiyoshi-cho, Anjo City, Aichi Prefecture Mitutoyo Anjo Sales Office

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for measuring a shape of a specific portion on an outer circumferential surface such as a cylinder or a round bar, or an inner circumferential surface such as a cylindrical body having an inner circumference of a circular shape. The table to be placed is arranged in the vicinity of the table, and with respect to the table, the axial direction of the table, the table
Detection means for detecting a specific portion of the object to be measured placed on the table and relative movement between the table and the detection means. The shape measuring device is provided with calculation display means for calculating and displaying the shape of the specific portion of the object to be measured placed on the table based on the measurement result.