JPH0536795B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic piano performance device that automatically plays a piano.

As is well known, an automatic piano performance device is equipped with a sensor for detecting the operating state of each operator (i.e., keys and pedals) of the piano, and detects the operating state of the operator based on the output of each sensor. Performance data is created according to the detection results, and the created performance data is recorded on a storage medium such as a floppy disk. When reproducing the recorded performance data, the performance data recorded on the storage medium is read out, and based on the read performance data, the operation element drive solenoids provided for each operation element are driven to reproduce the performance data. Perform playback (automatic play).

In such an automatic piano performance device, the time when a sensor provided on a key detects a key-on does not necessarily coincide with the time when a piano hammer actually hits a string, and there is usually a slight time difference. Similarly, there is a slight time difference between the time when the sensor provided on the key detects the key-off and the time when the damper of the piano actually contacts the strings. Such a time difference similarly occurs in the case of pedals. In other words, there is a difference between the time when the sensor detects that the damper pedal is turned on and the time when the damper actually disengages, and the time when the sensor detects that the damper pedal is turned off and the time when the damper actually becomes operable. There will also be a slight time difference between the time and the point in time. The same applies to other pedals. Therefore, when reproducing the state of a piano performance by a player with high fidelity, these time differences are corrected at the reproduction stage. It is also possible to correct the performance data based on these time differences and record it on a floppy disk, etc. at the data recording stage, but this method requires the circuit configuration (or program if a microcomputer is used). It has the disadvantage of being complicated.

By the way, in conventional automatic piano performance devices, data regarding time differences is not stored in the floppy disk, etc., and only performance data based on sensor output is stored. The characteristics of the sensor change due to development, etc.
This poses the problem of having to change the data reproducing section when the time difference characteristics mentioned above change, and furthermore, performance data recorded by automatic performance devices with different time difference characteristics must be used by the same automatic performance device. There was a problem that I couldn't play it.

Therefore, even if the sensor changes due to the development of a new sensor and the time difference characteristics change as a result, the present invention eliminates the need to change the data reproducing section and provides an automatic performance device that has different time difference characteristics. The present invention provides an automatic piano performance device that enables performance data recorded by the same automatic performance device to be played back by the same automatic performance device. The present invention is characterized in that time difference data indicating the time difference between the driving body and the actual operating time is stored in the storage medium together with the performance data.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of an automatic piano performance device according to the present invention. In this diagram,
Reference numeral 1 denotes a piano keyboard, and below each key of this keyboard 1 are a first key switch K ₁ and a second key switch K ₂ (not shown) for detecting key on/off and keystroke strength, respectively. ) are provided in parallel. And when you operate the key,
First, the first key switch _K1 is turned on, and then the second key switch _K2 is turned on. In this case, key-on is detected by turning on the second key switch _K2 , and key-off is detected by turning on the first key switch.
The keystroke strength is detected by turning off the key switch _K1 , and the keystroke strength is detected by the time difference between the time when the first key switch _K1 is turned on and the time when the second key switch _K2 is turned on. The key switch group 2 is a block showing a collection of the above-mentioned key switches. The key data generation circuit 3 sequentially scans the output of each key switch in the key switch group 2 to detect the on/off state of each key switch. When a certain key is operated, the time from when the first key switch _K1 of the key is turned on until the second key switch _K2 is turned on is measured, and this measurement result (i.e., the key operation When the second key switch _K2 is turned on, the key code KC for the same key is output, and when the first key switch _K1 is turned off, the key code KC is output. Stop KC output.
A CPU (central processing unit) 4 controls each part of the apparatus based on a program, and is connected to each part of the apparatus via a bus line 5. The ROM (read only memory) 6 is a memory in which programs and time difference data used by the CPU 4 are stored in advance. In this case, the time difference data includes the time when the first key switch _K1 is turned on,
Data indicating the time difference between the time when the hammer (driven body) of the piano hits the string (hereinafter referred to as hammer time difference data) and the time when the second key switch _K2 is turned off and the time when the damper (driven body) strikes the string. Data indicating the time difference from the time of contact (hereinafter referred to as damper time difference data) is stored. 7 is a RAM (random access memory) for storing data, 9 is a floppy disk device, 10 is a disk controller that controls this floppy disk device 9, and 11 is a constant cycle (for example, 4 msec). This is a pulse generator that generates a clock pulse φ. Further, 12 is a solenoid drive circuit that drives key drive solenoids 13, 13, . . . provided corresponding to each key of the keyboard 1. Among the elements described above, the key data generation circuit 3, CPU 4, ROM 6, RAM 7, disk controller 10, and pulse generation circuit 3 constitute the control device 100. This control device 1
00, automatic performance control including timing correction based on the time difference data and control for recording performance data are performed.

Next, the operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 1 will be explained. First, the case where data is recorded on the floppy disk of the floppy disk device 9 will be explained.

Every time a clock pulse φ is output from the pulse generator 11, the CPU 4 reads the key code KC and the keystroke strength data KD output from the key data generation circuit 3 at that time, and stores the read data KC and KD in the RAM 7. write to. Next, the key code KC written in RAM7 last time (4 msec ago)
By comparing the key code KC written this time, changes in the on/off state of each key (hereinafter referred to as
Based on the detection result, the event block shown in Fig. 2 is stored in the RAM 7.
Create EB. In this event block EB, the timer data TD is data corresponding to the time from the previous event occurrence time to the current event occurrence time, and the event data ED is data in the format shown in Figure 3 A or B. . Here, Fig. 3A shows a case where the event is a key-on, and in this case, the key code KC of the key that has been turned on, the keystroke strength data KD of the same key, and the data "1" indicating key-on are each an event. data
Written to event block EB as ED. In addition, Figure 3 B shows the case where the event is a key-off, and in this case, the key code of the key that was turned off is
KC and data "0" indicating key-off are each written into event block EB as event data ED.

Thereafter, the above-mentioned event block EB is created in the RAM 7 every time the clock pulse φ is supplied. Note that, of course, if no event is detected, the event block EB is not created.
Then, a certain number (or one song) is stored in RAM7.
When the event block EB is created,
The CPU 4 first transfers the above-mentioned time difference data in the ROM 6 to the floppy disk device 9 via the disk controller 10, writes it to the floppy disk of the device 9, and then writes each event block EB (playback data) in the RAM 7 to the floppy disk device 9. data) are sequentially transferred to the floppy disk device 9 in the order in which they are created and written on the floppy disk.

The above is the operation of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 during data recording. Next, the operation during data reproduction will be explained.

In this case, the CPU 4 first transfers the time difference data in the floppy disk of the floppy disk device 9 and a certain number (or one song's worth) of event blocks EB to the RAM 7. Next, the event data ED of the first event block EB in RAM7 (that is, the first event block EB created during data recording) is the event data ED indicating key-on, but it is not the event data ED indicating key-off. Check if there is one. If the event data is ED indicating key-on, the following processing is performed. That is, first, the time of the timer data TD in the event block EB is measured. Also, during this time measurement, the hammer time difference data in the RAM 7 is converted based on the keystroke strength data KD in the event block EB, and then the converted hammer time difference data is converted to a preset delay time (for example, 0.5 (seconds) to correct the delay time. The reason why the hammer time difference data is converted based on the keystroke strength data KD is as follows. That is, the hammer time difference data is constant value data. In contrast, the key switch
The time difference between the time when K ₂ is turned on and the time when the hammer hits the string varies depending on the strength of the keystroke. Therefore, the hammer time difference data is converted into the keystroke strength data KD.
It is necessary to convert according to the value of .

Next, the CPU 4 measures the above-described corrected delay time after the time indicated by the timer data TD has elapsed. Then, when this time has elapsed, the event data ED in the first event block EB is
(see FIG. 3A) is output to the solenoid drive circuit 12. The solenoid drive circuit 12 sends a drive signal having a level (pulse width if the solenoid 13 is driven by a pulse signal) corresponding to the keystroke strength data KD to the solenoid 13 corresponding to the key code KC of the supplied event data ED. Output. As a result, the key corresponding to the key code KC is driven at a speed corresponding to the keystroke strength data.

Furthermore, after the time indicated by the timer data TD described above has elapsed, the CPU 4 processes the second event block EB in parallel with measuring the corrected delay time. That is, first, it is checked whether the event data ED of the second event block EB is the event data ED indicating key-on or the event data ED indicating key-off. If the event data ED indicates key-off, the timer data TD of the event data ED is measured, and the RAM 7 is
The delay time is corrected by adding the damper time difference data within. Next, after the timer data TD has elapsed, the corrected delay time described above is measured, and when this time elapses, the second delay time is measured.
Event data in the th event block EB
ED (see FIG. 3B) is supplied to the solenoid drive circuit 12. The solenoid drive circuit 12 turns off the drive signal of the solenoid 13 corresponding to the key code KC of the supplied event data ED. As a result, the key corresponding to the key code KC is turned off. Furthermore, after the time indicated by the timer data TD of the second event block EB described above has elapsed, the CPU 4 processes the third event block EB in parallel with measuring the corrected delay time.

Thereafter, the above-described process is repeated, and automatic performance of the piano is performed. In the above-described embodiment, the case where the on/off time of each key of a piano is corrected is explained, but the present invention can of course be applied to the case of correcting the on/off time of each pedal of a piano. can. In this case, time difference data for correcting the operation time of each pedal is stored in the floppy disk, and when playing back performance data,
The timer data may be corrected based on this stored data. Further, in the above embodiment, the valid range of the keystroke strength data KD may be stored in the floppy disk along with the time difference data. By doing so, it becomes possible to remove invalid data due to noise or the like (normally, such data is outside the valid range) during data reproduction.

As explained above, according to the present invention, time difference data indicating the time difference between the detection time of the sensor and the actual operation time of the driven body driven by each operator is stored in the storage medium together with the performance data. Since the data is stored in memory, even if the characteristics of the sensor change due to the development of a new sensor and the time difference characteristics change as a result, there is no need to change the data reproducing section, and it is not necessary to change the data reproducing unit. Performance data recorded by an automatic performance device can be played back by the same automatic performance device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an event block EB created in the RAM 7 in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the format and data content of event data ED in FIG. 9...Floppy disk device (storage medium),
13... Solenoid, 1... Keyboard (performance controller), 2... Key switch group (sensor), 4...
CPU, 6...ROM (memory storing time difference data), 100...control device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Sensor 2, storage medium 9, and control device 100
An automatic piano performance device having the following: The sensor 2 detects and outputs the behavior of the performance controller 1, The control device 100 has a CPU 4 and a memory X, The memory X is The CPU 4 stores the time difference data, and at the time of recording, inputs the output of the sensor 2 to create event data representing the behavior of the performance controller 1 and timing data corresponding to the time when this behavior occurs, and records both of these events. A process of storing data in the storage medium 9 and a process of reading time difference data from the memory X and storing it in the storage medium 9 are carried out, and during playback, the time difference data, event data, and timing data are sequentially read from the storage medium 9, An automatic piano performance device that corrects the timing data using time difference data and outputs a solenoid drive signal for performing a behavior corresponding to the corresponding event data at a time corresponding to the corrected timing data.