JPH0533400B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a musical tone forming device mainly used in the field of electronic musical instruments.

[Prior art and its problems]

There are various methods for forming musical tones used in electronic musical instruments, but among them, there is a method in which each instantaneous value of a musical sound waveform from the start to the end of a natural instrument sound is stored in a memory as musical sound waveform data (digital data). The method of reading out the musical sound waveform data and forming musical tones is superior in that it can form musical tones closest to the sounds of natural instruments (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-121313).
issue). However, according to the above method, the entire musical sound waveform must be stored in memory for each tone (instrument sound), and in some cases for each key (key), which requires an enormous amount of memory capacity. Therefore, there is a problem in that the use of semiconductor memory increases the cost. Therefore, it is possible to use a magnetic disk device, an optical disk device, etc., which have a large memory capacity and are relatively inexpensive, but these devices all have a large read delay time Rt, and therefore the musical tone cannot be played at the same time as the key is pressed. Almost impossible to occur. By the way, in the case of a small magnetic disk (Winchesta disk), the rotation speed is 3600 rpm, and the maximum rotation speed is about 17
The read delay time Rt of msec (1/60 sec) increases. In addition, in the case of optical discs, etc., the rotation speed is
900 to 1800 rpm, and the read time Rt of about 34 msec or more is long. Therefore, the applicant of the present invention proposed a countermeasure for this read delay time Rt. First, we filed a patent application No. 137575 (1975) for ``electronic musical instruments''. In this prior invention, tone waveform data regarding the rising edge of a tone waveform is stored in a semiconductor memory, and tone waveform data relating to a portion other than the rising edge is stored in a magnetic disk or the like, and the tone waveform data in the semiconductor memory is first read out. During this time, a magnetic disk or the like is accessed, and then a musical tone signal after the rising portion is formed based on the musical waveform data read from the magnetic disk or the like. However, even with such means, the capacity of the semiconductor memory becomes large, which is undesirable in the case where the entire tone waveform for each key (for each pitch) is to be stored in the memory.

[Means to solve the problem]

In view of the above circumstances, this invention stores musical sound waveform data in a disk-shaped storage medium such as a magnetic disk,
Furthermore, the present invention provides a musical tone forming device that can read out musical waveform data and form musical tones in a time shorter than the conventional readout delay time. a first storage medium that stores musical sound waveform data regarding a rising portion of a musical sound waveform overlappingly in each of a plurality of sectors divided by a plurality of sectors; a second storage medium, a musical sound generation instruction means for instructing the start of musical sound generation, and one of the plurality of sectors of the first storage medium is accessed in response to an instruction to start musical sound generation by the musical sound generation instruction means, and a musical sound is generated by accessing any one of the plurality of sectors of the first storage medium; a first musical sound waveform generating means that generates a musical sound waveform relating to a rising portion of a musical sound waveform by reading waveform data; and a musical sound waveform generating means that accesses the second storage medium in response to an instruction to start musical sound generation by the musical sound generation instruction means and generates musical sound waveform data. a second tone waveform generating means for generating a tone waveform relating to a portion other than the rising portion of the tone waveform by reading; and temporarily storing a tone waveform other than the rising portion of the tone waveform generated by the second tone waveform generating means; , temporary storage means for outputting the musical sound waveform with a predetermined time delay, and a musical tone is formed based on the outputs of the first musical sound waveform generation means and the temporary storage means.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an electronic organ according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, reference numeral 1 is a keyboard circuit that detects the on/off state of each key on the keyboard and outputs the key code KC of the key that is in the on state. It outputs a key-on signal KON which becomes a "1" signal and returns to a "0" signal when the key is turned off. 2 is a tone selector,
The operating state of each tone setting operator provided on the operation panel is detected and a tone code TC corresponding to the currently set tone is output. Reference numerals 3 and 4 each indicate disk-shaped magnetic disks.The magnetic disk 3 records musical sound waveform data (digital data) regarding the rising portion of the musical sound waveform, and the magnetic disk 4 records the portions other than the rising portion of the musical sound waveform. Musical sound waveform data related to this is recorded. That is, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a tone waveform to be formed (generated), and the tone waveform data of the rising portion A of this tone waveform is recorded on the magnetic disk 3, and the tone waveform data of the portion B other than the rising portion is recorded on the magnetic disk 3. Data is recorded on the magnetic disk 4. In this case, the rising portion A is a portion within a certain time T from the rising time _t0 of the musical sound waveform. Further, the time T is equal to or slightly larger than the maximum read delay time of the magnetic disk 4.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing tracks and sectors of the magnetic disk 3. As shown in this figure, the magnetic disk 3 is divided into eight sectors S1 to S8, and the outermost track R0 has sector S1.
~1-bit sector mark for detecting S8
SM is recorded. In addition, each sector S1 to S
8, the musical sound waveform data of the rising portion A of the musical sound waveform is recorded for each timbre and for each key, and in duplicate. i.e. for example the number of keys
60, tracks R1 to R60 of sector S1
, musical sound waveform data of the rising part A of the musical sound waveform of tone TN1 (for example, flute) is recorded for each key. Similarly, in tracks R61 to R120 of sector S1, the musical waveform data of the rising part A of the musical waveform of tone TN2 (for example, violin) is recorded for each key, and similarly, the musical waveform data corresponding to each tone is recorded. The musical sound waveform data of the rising portion A of is recorded sequentially for each key. In addition, each track R1, R2... of sectors S2 to S8 includes:
Tone waveform data exactly the same as the tone waveform data of each track R1, R2, . . . of sector S1 is recorded. Then, the sector mark SM of track R0 is read out by the magnetic head 6, and the sector mark SM is read out by the magnetic head 6.
It is output from the magnetic head 6 as SP (see FIG. 5). Further, each tone waveform data of tracks R1, R2, . . . is read out by a multi-track head 7 having 60 heads.

Note that the magnetic disk 4 is not divided into multiple sectors (unlike the magnetic disk 3, musical waveform data is not recorded redundantly), and musical waveform data corresponding to each tone and each key is stored. Only one set of (part B musical waveform data) is recorded.

Next, FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing details of the first tone waveform generating circuit 9 shown in FIG. 1. In this figure, reference numeral 7 designates the multitrack head 7 shown in FIG. The selector 10 receives a key code supplied from the keyboard circuit 1 (Fig. 1).
The output of the magnetic head H of the track corresponding to the key represented by KC is alternatively selected, and the output is supplied to the output circuit 11. The head moving device 12 receives tone codes supplied from the tone selector 2 (FIG. 1).
The multitrack head 7 is driven based on the TC. In other words, from the tone selector 2, for example,
When the tone code TC indicating TN1 is supplied,
Move the multi-track head 7 to the track position where the musical waveform data of tone TN1 is recorded (see Figure 3).
position shown by TN1) and adjust the tone.
When tone code TC indicating TN2 is supplied,
Move the multi-track head 7 to the track position where the musical waveform data of tone TN2 is recorded (see Figure 3).
TN ₂ ). Control circuit 1
3 is a circuit that controls the output circuit 11;
As shown in the figure, after the key-on signal KON rises to a "1" signal, the sector signal SP becomes "1" when the sector signal SP is first output from the magnetic head 6 (see FIG. 3).
It generates an enable signal EN that rises to the top of the signal and supplies it to the output circuit 11. The output circuit 11 outputs the selector 10 when the enable signal EN is a “1” signal.
The output of the magnetic head H supplied via the converter converts into parallel data and outputs it to the input terminal A of the selector 15 (FIG. 1). Also, the enable signal EN
When is a “0” signal, no data is output.

Next, after the key-on signal KON rises to the "1" signal, the second musical waveform generator 16 in FIG. B musical tone waveform data) are sequentially read from the magnetic disk 4 and outputted to the input terminal B of the selector 15 via the buffer memory 17. Note that the buffer memory 17 uses a FIFO (first-in, first-out) memory. timer 18
The signal TS is sent to the select terminal SA of the selector 15 at the moment the key-on signal KON rises to the “1” signal.
(“1” signal) and starts timing again at this time. Then, when the time T shown in FIG. 2 is counted, the signal TS is returned to the "0" signal. Selector 15
selects and outputs the data supplied to its input terminal A when the signal TS is a "1" signal, and selects and outputs the data supplied to its input terminal B when the signal TS is a "0" signal. Output. sound system 19
converts the musical waveform data outputted from the selector 15 into an analog signal, and produces a musical tone from the speaker.

In the above configuration, when any key on the keyboard is pressed, the musical sound waveform data recorded on the magnetic disk 3 is read out, and the selector 15
is supplied to the sound system 19 via the sound system 19, whereby the musical tone of the rising part A is produced. In this case, since the same tone waveform data is recorded in each of the eight sectors S1 to S8 on the magnetic disk 3, it is 1/8th of the data recorded in only one sector. Tone waveform data can be read out with a delay time of . On the other hand, magnetic disk 3
The magnetic disk 4 is accessed while the musical sound waveform data 3 is being supplied to the sound system 19. Then, when the output signal TS of the tire 18 returns to the "0" signal after a time T (read delay time of the magnetic disk 4) has elapsed from the key-on point, the musical waveform data in the magnetic disk 4 will be transferred to the buffer memory 17 and The signal is supplied to the sound system 19 via the selector 15, whereby the musical tone of part B of the musical waveform is produced.

The reason for providing the buffer memory 17 is as follows. That is, the read delay time of the magnetic disk 4 is short, and reading of the data on the magnetic disk 4 is started while the data on the magnetic disk 3 is being output to the sound system 19 (before time T has elapsed). Sometimes. Therefore, in such a case, the data read from the magnetic disk 4 is temporarily stored in the buffer memory 17, and is output to the selector 15 from the time when the output signal TS of the timer 18 falls to the "0" signal. This is necessary.

As described above, according to the embodiment shown in FIG.
Since the same tone waveform data is recorded redundantly in each sector of the magnetic disk 3, in the case of 8 sectors as shown in Figure 3, reading out the tone waveform data starts with a delay time of 1/8 of the conventional one. You can also
When the number of sectors is N, reading can be started with a delay time of I/N. Further, the data in the magnetic disk 4 only needs to be read within the time T, so that conventional methods of using magnetic disks can be applied.

Next, a second embodiment of the invention will be described. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the same embodiment, and in this figure, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals. The embodiment shown in this figure differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the following points. That is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, musical waveform data was recorded in the magnetic disks 3 and 4 corresponding to each tone and each key, but in this embodiment, musical waveform data was recorded corresponding only to each tone. The musical sound waveform data is recorded for each key, but not for each key.
That is, FIG. 7 shows the track R of the magnetic disk 3.
0, R1... and sectors S1 to S8. In this figure, tone waveform data of tone TN1 (tone waveform data of rising part A) is recorded in track R1 of sector S1, and in track R2 of sector S1. The tone waveform data of timbre TN2 is recorded, and in the same way, each track R3,
Musical waveform data corresponding to each tone is sequentially recorded in R4.... Also, the same tone waveform data as sector S1 is recorded in each track R1, R2, . . . of sectors S2 to S8. Also, on the magnetic disk 4, part B of the musical sound waveform corresponding to each tone is stored.
Musical waveform data is recorded for each tone.
Then, when a key on the keyboard is pressed, as in the case of the device shown in FIG. Then, the tone waveform data on the magnetic disk 4 is read out in sequence and outputted from the selector 15. Selector 1
The musical waveform data outputted from the magnetic disks 3 and 4 are sequentially written into the FIFO memory 21 by a clock pulse φW synchronized with the reading speed of the magnetic disks 3 and 4.
The musical waveform data written in the FIFO memory 21 is sequentially read out by a clock pulse φR having a frequency corresponding to the pitch of the key represented by the key code KC, and is supplied to the sound system 19. Note that the clock pulse φR is generated in the read clock generation circuit 22.

In the second embodiment described above, as the first musical sound waveform generator 9, the device shown in FIG. 8 or 9, for example, is used. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 8, a multi-track head 7 having the same number of magnetic heads H as the number of tones is used, and each magnetic head H generates tracks R ₁ , R ₂ , . . .
The musical sound waveform data recorded in is read out. Then, the data corresponding to the tone code TC in the read musical waveform data is selected by the selector 1.
0 and is supplied to the output circuit 11. Further, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 9, each tone waveform data of tracks R1, R2, . . . is read out by the movable head 24 and supplied to the output circuit 11. In this case, the movable head 24 is moved by the head moving device 12 based on the tone code TC, as in the case of FIG.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the magnetic disk 3,
4, but an optical disk or the like may be used instead. In addition, two magnetic disks 3,
4, the entire musical sound waveform data may be recorded on one magnetic disk 3. Further, the number of sectors is not limited to eight, but may be two or more.

In addition, in FIG. 1, tone waveform data is recorded for each key, and in FIG.
The musical sound waveform data may be recorded every two octaves).

In addition, in FIGS. 1 and 6, the selector 1
5 is performed based on the time T measured by the timer 18, but instead, it may be performed at the end of reading from the magnetic disk 3, that is, at the time when the next sector signal SP is output.

Further, an interpolation circuit may be used in place of the selector 15 in FIGS. 1 and 6. That is, the data on the magnetic disk 3 is data whose amplitude sequentially decreases at the rear end, while the data on the magnetic disk 4 is data whose amplitude sequentially increases at the front end.
These may be combined and output to the sound system 19.

Also, instead of storing the entire musical sound waveform from the start of sound generation to the end of sound generation, the entire musical sound waveform of the attack part (different from rising part A) is recorded on disk 3,
After the attack section, some of the tone waveforms for multiple cycles are recorded on disk 3 or in a separate memory, and after reading out all the tone waveforms in the attack section, the above-mentioned portions of the tone waveforms are recorded. It may be read out repeatedly to generate musical tones. In this case, since some of the musical sound waveforms have a small amount of data, they can be stored in the semiconductor memory.

In addition, the recording method of musical sound waveforms is PCM, DPCM,
It may be DM, APCM, ADPCM, ADM, etc.

Further, the recorded musical sound waveform may be provided with an envelope in advance, or may be a standardized sound waveform that is not provided with an envelope. In the latter case, an envelope may be applied within the sound system 19 using a known method.

Furthermore, the present invention can of course be applied to the generation of rhythm sounds.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, musical tones can be formed with a shorter readout delay time than before after an instruction to generate musical tones is given, even though a disk-shaped storage medium with a large capacity is used. .
Therefore, it is extremely suitable for recording a large amount of musical sound waveform data in advance and forming musical tones based on this recorded musical sound waveform data. This also makes it possible to increase the variety of musical sound waveforms.
In addition, since the second storage medium is accessed simultaneously with the first storage medium, and the musical sound waveform stored in the second storage medium is temporarily stored in the temporary storage means and output after adjusting the time, variations in read delay time are eliminated. be able to.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing an example of a musical sound waveform, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the magnetic disk 3 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a detailed example of the first musical sound waveform generator 9 in FIG. 1;
4 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the control circuit 13 shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3, FIG. 8, and FIG. 9 are block diagrams showing an example of the configuration of the first musical sound waveform generator 9 in FIG. 6, respectively. 3... Magnetic disk (first storage medium), 4...
Magnetic disk (second storage medium), S1 to S8...
sector.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A disc-shaped storage medium, in which musical sound waveform data regarding the rising edge of a musical sound waveform is stored redundantly in each of a plurality of sectors divided by a plurality of virtual lines passing through the center of the medium. a first storage medium; a disk-shaped second storage medium storing musical sound waveform data regarding a portion other than the rising portion of the musical sound waveform; musical sound generation instruction means for instructing the start of musical sound generation; and by the musical sound generation instruction means. a first musical sound waveform generating means that generates a musical sound waveform relating to a rising portion of the musical sound waveform by accessing any one of the plurality of sectors of the first storage medium and reading musical sound waveform data in response to an instruction to start musical sound generation; a second musical sound waveform generation means that generates a musical sound waveform relating to a portion other than a rising portion of the musical sound waveform by accessing the second storage medium and reading musical sound waveform data in response to an instruction to start musical sound generation by the musical sound generation instruction means; temporary storage means for temporarily storing a musical sound waveform other than a rising part of the musical sound waveform generated by the second musical sound waveform generating means, and outputting the musical sound waveform with a delay of a predetermined time; A musical tone forming device, characterized in that a musical tone is formed based on the outputs of the generating means and the temporary storage means.