JPH05254974A - Garbage composting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the garbage composting device which yields org. fertilizer products in a short period of time of about two days without discharging malodoroous gases. CONSTITUTION:This composting device has a fermentation tank 2 which houses the garbage mixed with a fermentation accelerator, an agitation device 3 which agitates the garbage in the fermentation tank, a heater 7 which heats the gases generated in and discharged from the fermentation tank 2 in order to deodorize the gases, a heat exchanger 8 which recovers heat from the gases after the deodorization and a heat insulating jacket which is mounted around the above-mentioned fermentation tank 2 and holds the temp. in the fermentation tank at the temp. suitable for the fermentation by utilizing the heat recovered by the heat medium of the heat exchanger 8 by introducing and circulating this heat medium. The gases generated and discharged from the fermentation tank 2 are heated by the heater 7 and the odorous components thereof are cracked and deodorized; in addition, the temp. in the fermentation tank is kept at the temp. suitable for the fermentation by the heat insulating jacket which utilizes the heat recovered from the gases after the deodorization and, therefore, the fermentation is accelerated with good thermal efficiency and the garbage is composted in the short period of time.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for fermenting and decomposing food waste to form compost.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a garbage composting device for selecting kitchen refuse, paper waste, etc. from combustible waste, and fermenting, decomposing and aging this to use it as an organic fertilizer. However, the conventional apparatus has a problem in environmental hygiene because the gas produced by fermentation has a strong offensive odor,
Also, it takes a long time of about 30 days to turn it into an organic fertilizer,
The running cost was a problem.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to emit an offensive odor gas and to produce an organic fertilizer product in a short period of about 2 days. The object is to provide a composting device for producing garbage.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The above-mentioned problem is a fermentation tank for storing food waste containing a fermentation accelerator, a stirring device for stirring the food waste in the fermentation tank, and a gas generated and discharged from the fermentation tank. A heater for heating it to deodorize it, a heat exchanger for recovering heat from the gas after deodorization, attached around the fermentation tank, and introducing and circulating a heat medium of the heat exchanger, This can be achieved by a food waste composting device, characterized by comprising a heat-retaining jacket for keeping the temperature in the fermentation tank at a temperature suitable for fermentation by utilizing the heat recovered by the medium. As the stirring device, a pair of spiral large-diameter ribbon blades that are coaxially attached to the rotating shaft and move the food waste from both sides of the rotating shaft toward the center along with the rotation of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft. Using a pair of spiral small-diameter ribbon blades that are mounted coaxially with the large-diameter ribbon blades and move the garbage in both directions from the center of the rotation axis as the rotating shaft rotates. Is recommended. Also, in order to efficiently deodorize the gas generated and discharged from the fermenter, it is recommended to heat the gas to about 600 ° C with the above heater. Furthermore, as the above fermentation accelerator to be added to food waste, The applicant of the present invention filed Japanese Patent Application No. 4-0094.
It is recommended to use a dilute solution of concentrated mineral liquid produced by the method disclosed in No. 72.

[0005]

With the above structure, the gas generated and discharged from the fermenter is heated by the heater, the odorous components are decomposed and deodorized, and the heat recovered from the deodorized gas is used. Since the temperature of the fermentation tank is maintained at a temperature suitable for fermentation by the heat insulation jacket, fermentation is promoted with good heat efficiency, and furthermore, by using a stirring device having the large-diameter ribbon blade and the small-diameter ribbon blade, the fermentation tank Since the food waste inside is evenly stirred, the fermenting action is performed quickly, and the food waste can be composted in a short period of time.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the apparatus for composting raw garbage according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is composting according to the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows one Example of the stirring apparatus used for an apparatus.

1 and 2, 1 is a machine base, 2 is a fermentation tank, 3 is a stirring device provided in the fermentation tank, 4 is a motor for rotating the stirring device 3, and 5 is fermentation. A heat insulation jacket attached to the periphery of the tank (FIG. 2), 6 is an exhaust tower provided above the fermentation tank 2, 7 is a heater, 8 is a heat exchanger, and 9 is a heat exchanger.
Is a pump (FIG. 2), 10 is a solenoid valve, 11 is a temperature sensor, and 12 is a temperature control circuit.

The garbage and the fermentation accelerator charged from the charging port 2a of the fermentation tank 2 are sufficiently stirred by the stirring device 3,
It is fermented, decomposed, and composted by aerobic bacteria. As shown in FIG. 3, the stirrer 3 is coaxially attached to the rotary shaft 31, and a pair of spiral large-diameter ribbons that move the food waste toward the center from both sides of the rotary shaft 31 as the rotary shaft 31 rotates. Blades 32a and 32b and the large-diameter ribbon blades 32a and 32b coaxially attached to the rotating shaft 31,
A pair of spiral small-diameter ribbon blades 33 that move food waste from the center of the rotating shaft toward both sides as the rotating shaft 31 rotates.
It consists of a and 33b. Numerals 34 and 34 are skeletal rods welded to the outer circumferences of the small-diameter ribbon blades 33a and 33b, and by welding the inner circumferences of the large-diameter ribbon blades 32a and 32b to the large-diameter ribbon blade 32a. And 32
It is designed to fix b.

The large-diameter ribbon blade 32a moves the garbage in the direction from the right side to the center P in FIG.
The large-diameter ribbon blade 32b along the spiral opposite to a moves the garbage in the direction from the left side to the center P in FIG. On the other hand, the small-diameter ribbon blade 33a moves the garbage toward the right side from the center P in FIG. 3 as the rotary shaft 31 rotates, while the small-diameter ribbon blade 33a moves in the opposite direction to the small-diameter ribbon blade 33a. The blade 33b moves the garbage from the center P to the left side in FIG. Therefore, by driving the motor 4 to rotate the rotary shaft 31, the food waste in the fermentation tank 2 is repeatedly circulated and agitated from both sides to the center and from the center to both sides to promote fermentation and decomposition.

Air is continuously or intermittently introduced into the fermentation tank 2 through the air introduction ports 2c, 2c, whereby the gas produced by fermenting and decomposing the food waste is discharged from the exhaust tower 6. However, a heater 7 is provided in the exhaust tower 6 to decompose the odorous components and deodorize them by heating the above gas to about 600 ° C.

A pipe of a heat exchanger 8 is provided downstream of the heater 7 in the exhaust tower 6, and heat is recovered from the heated and deodorized gas, and the fermentation is performed by utilizing this heat. The bath 2 is kept warm. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, water as a heat medium of the heat exchanger 8 is sent to the heat exchanger 8 by the pump 9, and the water heated by the gas passing through the exhaust tower 9 is stored in the fermentation tank 2. It is introduced into a heat insulation jacket 5 attached to the surroundings, and the temperature in the fermentation tank 2 is maintained at a temperature suitable for fermentation of food waste. The water temperature in the heat retaining jacket 5 is detected by the temperature sensor 11, and the temperature control circuit 12 controls the opening / closing of the solenoid valve 10 to appropriately introduce cold water into the heat retaining jacket 5 so that the water temperature can be kept constant. There is. As a result, the fermentation and decomposition of food waste is extremely efficient, and it took about 30 days for conventional equipment to be composted.
According to the present invention, the time is shortened to about 2 days.

[0012] Thus, as the fermentation accelerator to be added to the garbage in the present invention, the applicant of the present invention filed Japanese Patent Application No. 4-00.
It is recommended to use a diluting solution which is about 1000 times as high as the high-concentration mineral liquid produced by the method disclosed in 9472. That is, the high-concentration mineral liquid is a step described in the following items (a) to (h), that is, (a) weight ratio (the same applies below), 10% or more and 90% or less of humus soil, and the balance being coal. A mixture consisting of coal with a low degree of conversion is used as a raw material, and 0.5% or more and 5% or less concentrated sulfuric acid, 1% or more and 3% or less ethyl alcohol and 8% or more and 15% or less water are added, and 60 ° C or more 90 ℃
A step of heating and stirring to the following temperature, and a step of (b) leaving the raw material produced in the previous step for 4 days to 10 days (hereinafter, referred to as the first aging period) to ferment and mature.
(C) Add 30 times or more and 100 times or less by weight of water to the raw material aged during the first aging period, and aged for 7 days to 15 days (hereinafter referred to as the second aging period) while aerating. The step, (d) a step of filtering the solid matter from the raw material aged during the second aging period, and collecting a filtrate, and (e) the filtrate collected in the previous step, for a period of 5 days to 15 days (hereinafter , Referred to as the third aging period), a step of allowing it to stand for precipitation and aging,
(F) collecting the supernatant of the filtrate aged during the third aging period and performing microfiltration, (g) heat sterilizing the filtrate obtained in the previous step, and (h) obtaining in the previous step It is manufactured by sequentially performing a step of adding 0.1% or more and 3% or less of ethyl alcohol to the obtained liquid. [For details, refer to the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 4-009472. ]

The high-concentration mineral liquid produced in this manner is used in addition to minerals such as calcium, sodium, magnesium, potassium, zinc, iron and manganese, amino acids,
It contains organic substances such as humic acid, vitamins and sugars and can be diluted before drinking. It can be widely used as a soil conditioner, water additive for foods, germicidal deodorant, water quality preservation agent, etc. It has been proved that humic acid contained in the liquid at about 6.5% is effective in promoting the growth of aerobic bacteria that ferment and decompose food waste.

Further, since this high-concentration mineral liquid contains various minerals and useful organic substances useful for the growth of animals and plants as described above, the compost product of the present invention produced by adding the mineral liquid is used in a field or a flowerpot. When applied to soil such as, it has the effect of promoting the reproduction of useful organisms in the soil and significantly improving the soil properties. This soil improving effect is due to the synergistic effect of so-called soil organic matter such as amino acids, vitamins, humic acid and the like contained in the above high-concentration mineral liquid, and these are themselves nutrients of the organism, and they bind to each other. As a metal enzyme containing metal, it has the effect of enhancing the physiological functions of soil microorganisms.

The product composted in about 2 days as described above is taken out from the outlet 2b at the bottom of the fermenter 2.

[0016]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above,
According to the present invention, the gas generated and discharged from the fermenter is heated by the heater, its odorous components are decomposed to deodorize it, pollution is prevented, and the heat recovered from the deodorized gas is used. Since the temperature of the fermentation tank is maintained at a temperature suitable for fermentation by the heat insulation jacket, fermentation is promoted with good heat efficiency, and furthermore, by using a stirring device having the large-diameter ribbon blade and the small-diameter ribbon blade, the fermentation tank Since the food waste inside is evenly stirred, the fermentation action is carried out quickly, and by adding the high-concentration mineral liquid as a fermentation accelerator to the food waste, the food waste is composted in a shorter period of time. In addition, it is possible to produce a compost product having an excellent soil improving effect.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and includes all modified embodiments which can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art from the above description within the scope of the object of the present invention. Is.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a food waste composting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a stirring device used in the food waste composting device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Machine 2 Fermenter 3 Stirrer 31 Rotating shaft 32a, 32b Large diameter ribbon blade 33a, 33b Small diameter ribbon blade 34, 34 Spindle rod 4 Motor 5 Heat insulation jacket 6 Exhaust tower 7 Heater 8 Heat exchanger 9 Pump 10 Solenoid valve 11 Temperature sensor 12 Temperature control circuit

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A fermentation tank (2) for storing food waste containing a fermentation accelerator, a stirrer (3) for stirring the food waste in the fermentation tank, and a fermentation tank (2) for generating and discharging. A heater (7) that heats the gas to deodorize the gas, a heat exchanger (8) that recovers heat from the deodorized gas, and a heat exchanger that is installed around the fermentation tank (2).
By introducing and circulating the heat medium in (8), the heat recovery jacket is used to keep the temperature in the fermentation tank at a temperature suitable for fermentation by utilizing the heat recovered by the heat medium (5). Characteristic raw garbage composting device. 2. A pair of the stirring device (3) coaxially attached to the rotary shaft (31) for moving the food waste from both sides of the rotary shaft toward the center along with the rotation of the rotary shaft (31). A spiral large-diameter ribbon blade (32a, 32b) and the large-diameter ribbon blade (32a, 32b) are coaxially attached to the rotary shaft (31) to rotate the garbage as the rotary shaft (31) rotates. The garbage composting device according to claim 1, comprising a pair of spiral small-diameter ribbon blades (33a, 33b) that move from the center of the shaft toward both sides. 3. The garbage composting device according to claim 1, wherein the gas generated and discharged from the fermenter (2) is heated to about 600 ° C. by the heater (7). 4. The process according to any one of (a) to (h) below, that is, (a) weight ratio (the same applies hereinafter), in the fermentation accelerator.
The raw material is a mixture of 10% or more and 90% or less of humus and the balance of coal having a low degree of coalification.
% Concentrated sulfuric acid, 1% or more and 3% or less of ethyl alcohol and 8% or more and 15% or less of water, and heating to a temperature of 60 ° C. or more and 90 ° C. or less and stirring, and (b) the previous step A step of fermenting and aging the produced raw material for a period of 4 days to 10 days (hereinafter referred to as the first aging period),
(C) Add 30 times or more and 100 times or less by weight of water to the raw material aged during the first aging period, and aged for 7 days to 15 days (hereinafter referred to as the second aging period) while aerating. The step, (d) a step of filtering the solid matter from the raw material aged during the second aging period, and collecting a filtrate, and (e) the filtrate collected in the previous step, for a period of 5 days to 15 days (hereinafter , Referred to as the third aging period), a step of allowing it to stand for precipitation and aging,
(F) collecting the supernatant of the filtrate aged during the third aging period and performing microfiltration, (g) heat sterilizing the filtrate obtained in the previous step, and (h) obtaining in the previous step The raw garbage composting device according to claim 1, which is a diluted liquid of a high-concentration mineral liquid produced by sequentially performing a step of adding 0.1% or more and 3% or less of ethyl alcohol to the obtained liquid.