JPH07171546A - Composter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To turn efficiently a material to be dried into a compost and provide a composter for discharging automatically the material to be dried which is turned into the compost. CONSTITUTION:A composter is constituted of a wet refuse container 1 having a bottom section of horizontal cylindrical shape and an outer peripheral face covered with a jacket 11, a heater for the jacket 11, a rotating shaft 12 supported rotatably on the same axis of a cylindrical face of the bottom section of the wet refuse container 1 and having a rotating blade 13 for agitating the material to be dried, a driving device for the rotating shaft 12, a deodorizing device and a controller for the above-said components.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for decomposing, drying and sterilizing water-containing organic matter such as garbage and sludge, a so-called composter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is desirable that organic waste containing water is decomposed, dried and composted to reduce its volume and weight before being used as fertilizer. For this reason, a poster has been developed that decomposes and dries the material to be dried in a heating container while stirring it with a rotating blade.However, in the conventional poster, since the shape of the rotating blade is poor, the efficiency of stirring is poor.
In addition, there is a problem that the dried compost cannot be discharged automatically and quickly. In addition, the hot air drying type rotary kiln introduced from Europe is not suitable for Japanese garbage with a high water content, and it is necessary to mix moisture control materials such as sawdust, and hot air drying causes a lot of heat loss. , There is a problem that the thermal efficiency is poor. In addition, the type utilizing the fermentation bacterium has a drawback that it requires a long time for the treatment and that it requires selection of the treated products.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to indirectly heat food waste in a jacketed processing container to obtain a water content. Highly efficient food waste is efficiently dried, the malodor generated at that time is completely processed, aerobic bacteria adhering to the garbage are activated, fermentation is efficiently carried out, decomposition of the sea urchin, heat chelation , Dry sterilization 10
An object is to provide a pollution-free composter that can be completed within a short time, such as composting, and can automatically discharge the composted material to be dried.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The above-mentioned object has a body having at least a bottom portion in a horizontal semi-cylindrical shape and an upper portion in a rectangular box shape or a semi-cylindrical shape, and both sides of the body portion are closed by end plates. On the upper surface, there is a loading port with a lid for throwing in the dried material,
One of the end plates has a discharge port with a door for taking out the dried material, and the outer peripheral surface is housed in a jacketed garbage container covered with a jacket capable of housing a heat medium inside. A heating device for heating the heat medium, a rotary shaft for rotating the rotary shaft, which has a rotary blade for stirring the material to be dried and is rotatably supported coaxially with the cylindrical surface of the bottom of the garbage container. , A control device for controlling the temperature of the heat medium in the jacket, a device provided outside the garbage container for sucking and deodorizing the gas in the container, and the above-mentioned garbage container, driving device, deodorizing device and control It is solved by a composter consisting of a casing containing the device.

[0005]

With the above-mentioned constitution, the material to be dried is efficiently agitated and uniformly treated, and good quality compost can be obtained at a heating temperature at which protein is not decomposed. It is possible to discharge it.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Referring to the drawings,
The details of the present invention will be described. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of a composter according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a portion of a stirring device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a rotary blade used in the device shown in FIG. It is a side view which shows an arrangement state.

First, FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described. In the figure, 1 is a garbage container, 2 is a boiler, 20 is a combustion furnace, 2
1 is a burner provided in the combustion furnace 20, 22 is a steam circulation pipe that circulates through the jacket 11 and the combustion furnace 20, and 23 is a burner 21 for taking in outside air and burning combustion air.
, A small blower 24 for sucking the air in the container 10 through the intake pipe 11 and mixing it with the combustion air, a fuel tank 25 for supplying fuel to the burner 20, and a steam circulation pipe 22 for 26. Is a circulation pump for circulating the steam of the above, 27 is an exhaust port of the combustion furnace 20, and 3 is a casing. The raw garbage container 1 is a container having a horizontal semi-cylindrical shape at the bottom and a cubic shape at the top. The upper surface of the U-shaped member 1-1 in cross section is an upper surface plate 1-2, and both ends are end surface plates 1.
-3, 1-4 is a tank made of a stainless steel plate with a jacket 11 closed.

An input port 1-20 with a lid on the upper plate 1-2
Is provided. The end face plates 1-3, 1-4 have shaft support portions 1-30, 1 capable of supporting the rotary shaft 12 coaxially with the cylindrical surface of the bottom portion.
-40 is provided, and one end face plate 1-4 is provided with a discharge port 1-41 with a door on the bottom side thereof. The intake pipe 10 is provided above the U-shaped member 1-1 in cross section and connects the inside and outside of the garbage container 1.

The jacket 11 has a cross section U of the garbage container 1.
It is provided so as to cover the outer periphery of the letter-shaped member 1-1. Inside the jacket 11, a steam circulation pipe 22 leading to the outside is stretched around, and the oil 110 is sealed as a heat medium around the steam circulation pipe 22. The gas in the jacket 11 is preferably replaced with nitrogen gas in order to prevent the oil 110 from deteriorating.

The rotary shaft 12 is rotatably attached to the shaft support portions 1-30 and 1-40 of the garbage container 1 so that both ends thereof project from the garbage container 1, and the rotary shaft 12 is provided at the end portion on the opposite side of the discharge port 1-41. A flywheel 120 is provided. Rotary vane 13
Is a support 13 having an L-shaped cross section as shown in FIG.
0, a rectangular inclined plate 131, and a scraping plate 132 of a substantially right triangle whose hypotenuse is slightly swollen.

The support 130 is made of equilateral angle steel,
The center plane is provided so as to be perpendicular to the rotary shaft 13.
The inclined plate 131 is attached to the free end of the support 130.
Two opposing sides are parallel to the rotation axis 12, and
One side of the mountain side of the support 130 is provided so as to be inclined so as to be close to the inner surface of the bottom of the garbage container 1. Scraping plate 13
Reference numeral 2 denotes a steel plate in the shape of a slender right-angled triangle whose swelling is slightly swollen. As shown in the figure, the side perpendicular to the sloping plate 131 faces the flywheel 120 side on the diagonal line of the sloping plate 131, and Is provided upright on the inclined plate 131 so as to be close to the inner surface of the bottom of the garbage container 1.

The rotary vanes 13 are provided in pairs of two, four sets and eight sets. The tilted plates 131 are arranged so that the scraping areas of the tilted plates 131 are continuous without a gap in the direction of the rotation axis, and the tilted plates 131 at both ends are at both ends. Proximity to the inner surfaces of the face plates 1-3, 1-4, and in FIG.
a, 13-1b set, 13-2a, 13-2b set, 1
In the case of the set of 3-3a, 13-3b and the set of 13-4a, 13-4b, the rotary blades forming the set are opened by 180 °, and the adjacent sets are arranged at right angles.

The motor 14 is provided below the food waste container 1, and the rotation of its drive shaft 140 is transmitted to the flywheel 120 of the rotary shaft 12 via a belt 141. The boiler 2 is provided adjacent to the food waste container 1, and these are housed in a casing 3 made of a heat insulating material.

The operation of the composter will be described below. When using this composter, input port 1
The lid of -20 is opened, the material to be dried is put in from there, the lid is closed, and the controller (not shown) is turned on to start the operation. When the operation is started, the boiler 2 operates as follows. Combustion air in which the air in the garbage container 1 sucked by the small blower 24 through the intake pipe 10 is mixed with the air sent by the large blower 23 that takes in the outside air, and the fuel is supplied from the fuel tank 25 to the burner 21. Then, the burner 21 is ignited.

When a fire enters the combustion furnace 20, the moisture in the steam circulation pipe 22 passing through the interior of the combustion furnace 20 is heated, and steam is generated inside. The steam circulates in the steam circulation pipe 22 by the action of the circulation pump 26, so that the steam is generated in the jacket 1
1, the oil 110 in the jacket 11 is heated.

The oil 120 is heated until the temperature inside the food waste container 1 reaches a predetermined temperature of 100 to 130 ° C., and thereafter, the control of the burner 21 controls the heating of the burner 21 so as to maintain the temperature. , Garbage container 1
Adjust the temperature inside. The steam that has passed through the jacket 11 is returned to the combustion furnace 20. Exhaust gas generated in the combustion furnace 20 is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust port 27. The boiler 2 is appropriately provided with a safety device such as an expansion tank.

Simultaneously with the operation of the boiler 2, the motor 14 moves the rotating shaft 12 in the stirring direction A at 30 to 40 minutes per minute.
Rotate at the speed of rotation to rotate the rotary blade 13. When the rotary blades 13 rotate, the material to be dried accumulated at the bottom of the food waste container 1 is scraped off by the support 130 and pushed up by the inclined plate 131.
The material to be dried sandwiched between the inclined plate 131 and the scraping plate 132 and the inner surface of the bottom portion of the raw garbage container 1 is agitated while being ground.

The material to be dried is agitated while being heated to be decomposed and dried. The steam generated at this time is sucked out from the intake pipe 10 and sent to the combustion furnace 20 of the boiler 2, so that it is incinerated there. And deodorized and sterilized.

When the material to be dried is agitated while being heated, decomposed and dried, and the material to be dried which has been composted is taken out, the boiler 2 and the rotary blades 13 are used.
Of the rotation shaft 1 is stopped, the outlet 1-41 of the garbage container 1 is opened, and the motor 14 is rotated in the opposite direction to the rotation shaft 1
2 is rotated in the discharge direction B. When the rotary blades 13 rotate in the discharge direction B, the material to be dried is gradually pushed out by the scraping plate 132 in the direction of the discharge port 1-41, and the discharge port 1
It is gradually discharged from -41.

In these steps, since the inside of the garbage container 1 is decompressed, a safety valve for taking the outside air into the garbage container 1 and adjusting the atmospheric pressure, a lid of the inlet 1-20 and an outlet 1 are provided. It is recommended to provide a vacuum break valve for balancing the atmospheric pressure inside and outside the garbage container 1 when opening the -41 door. Further, the operator may visually determine whether or not the composting of the material to be dried is completed, but a humidity sensor is attached to the inside of the raw garbage container 1 or the intake pipe 10 so that the inside of the raw garbage container 1 can be determined. It is recommended that the composting be considered to be completed and the rotation of the boiler 2 and the rotary blades 13 be automatically stopped when the humidity of the vehicle falls below a certain level.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, as for the waste treatment container, if the inner surface of the bottom is semi-cylindrical, the shape of the upper part is arbitrary, and in particular, the throughput is 500.
For liters or more, it is recommended that the whole be cylindrical in order to increase the heat transfer area. As a heat medium to be sealed in the jacket, an aqueous solution with a boiling point of 100 ° C or higher may be used instead of oil, The number of feathers is not limited to eight,
There may be seven or less or nine or more, and the arrangement may be spiral. Further, a gas burner, an electric heater, a heat pump or the like can be used as a heating device for the jacket.

The odor generated in the garbage container is incinerated with a burner, but the odorous components generated by the fermentation of garlic, onions and seafood are odorous even if they are incinerated. It is recommended that the gas containing the sucked odor is washed with water to absorb the odor component in water, and then the sewage having absorbed the odor component is treated with a water treatment facility. Further, the shapes of the food waste container, the oil jacket, the casing, and other parts can be freely designed and modified within the scope of the object of the present invention, and the present invention can be easily performed by those skilled in the art from the above description. It covers all conceivable modifications.

[0023]

Since the dryer for waste according to the present invention is constructed as described above, according to the present invention, the material to be dried is efficiently agitated, so that the composting is fast and further the composting is performed. The material to be dried can be automatically discharged.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of a composter according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a stirring device portion of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a rotary shaft provided with rotary vanes used in the device shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Garbage container 1-1 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ U-shaped member in cross section 1-2 ・ ・ ・ ・ Top plate 1-20 Mouth 1-3 ..... End face plate 1-30 .... Shaft support part 1-4 ..... End face plate 1-40 ........ Shaft support part 1 -41 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Discharge port 10 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Intake pipe 11 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Jacket 110 ・ ・ ・ ・ Oil 12 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Rotation Axis 120 ... Flywheel 13 ... Rotating blade 13-1a ... Rotating blade 13-1b ... Rotating blade 13-2a. Rotating blade 13-2b ... Rotating blade 13-3a ... Rotating blade 13-3b ... Rotating blade 13-4a ... Rotating blade 13-4b. Rotating blade 1 0 ・ ・ ・ ・ Support 131 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Sloping plate 132 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Scraping plate 14 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Motor 140 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Drive shaft 141 ··· Belt 2 ···· Boiler 20 ···· Combustion furnace 21 ··· Burner 22 ··· Steam circulation pipe 23 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Large blower 24 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Small blower 25 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Fuel tank 26 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Circulation pump 27 ・ ・··· Exhaust port 3 ···· Casing A ···· Agitating direction B ···· Discharging direction

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A bottom has a horizontal semi-cylindrical shape, both sides of which are closed by end plates (1-3, 1-4), and an upper surface has a lid with a lid for throwing an object to be dried. (1-20)
The one end face plate (1-4) has a discharge port (1-41) with a door for taking out a dried material to be dried, and a jacket (11) whose outer peripheral surface can accommodate a heat medium therein. ), A raw garbage container (1), a device for heating the heat medium contained in the jacket (11), and a rotary blade (13) for stirring the material to be dried. ) A rotary shaft (12) rotatably supported coaxially with the cylindrical surface of the bottom, a drive device for rotating the rotary shaft (12), and a control device for controlling the temperature of the heat medium in the jacket (11). , A deodorizing device provided outside the garbage container (1) for sucking and deodorizing the gas in the container (1), a garbage container (1), a drive device, a deodorizing device, and a control device. A composter consisting of a casing to house. 2. The composter according to claim 1, wherein the garbage container (1) has a horizontal cylindrical shape. 3. The composter according to claim 1, wherein the garbage container (1) has a horizontal semi-cylindrical shape at the bottom and a rectangular box shape at the top. 4. The composter according to claim 1, further comprising a device for measuring the humidity in the food waste container (1) and stopping the operation of each device when the humidity falls below a predetermined level. 5. A rotary blade (13) has a support (140) having an L-shaped cross section which extends at a right angle from the rotary shaft (12), and a free end portion of the support (130), one side of which is a garbage container (1). ) A rectangular inclined plate (131) is provided so as to be close to the inner surface of the bottom portion of the container, and the inclined plate (131) is provided upright on a diagonal line on the inner surface side of the garbage container (1) and its free end side. The scraper plate (132) having a substantially right triangular shape whose one side is slightly swollen so as to be close to the inner surface of the bottom of the garbage container (1), and the composter according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. A plurality of rotating blades (13) are arranged such that the scraping regions of the respective inclined plates (131) are continuous without a gap in the rotating shaft direction, and the support (130) thereof has a rotating shaft (12). 6. The composter according to claim 5, which is arranged on the rotary shaft (12) with an appropriate angle difference in a right angle direction. 7. The composter according to claim 1, wherein the heat medium contained in the jacket (11) is oil (110). 8. The heat medium contained in the jacket (11) is a liquid having a low saturated vapor pressure at high temperature.
The poster of any one of. 9. The composter according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is a boiler (2). 10. The composter according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is a gas burner. 11. The composter according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is an electric heater. 12. The composter according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is a heat pump. 13. The poster according to claim 1, wherein the deodorizing device is a burner (21) which uses as a combustion air an air-fuel mixture obtained by suction-mixing the gas in the garbage container (1). . 14. The deodorizer burner (21) is provided with a barrier containing a catalyst on the front surface thereof, and the malodorous component is completely decomposed by red heat of the barrier. Composter. 15. A deodorizing device, a water tank provided outside the garbage container (1), a device for sucking air in the container and introducing the air into the water tank, and a device for purifying water in the water tank. The composter according to any one of claims 1 to 14, which comprises: