JPH0525495U - Automatic playing device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] The automatic accompaniment information played by a preset accompaniment pattern and the melody information input by the performer based on the chord information consisting of the root note and the type of the chord. The note information corresponding to each note is stored in correspondence with each note, and by changing the note information, data processing can be performed for each note constituting the automatic accompaniment and melody. [Structure] An automatic performance device having an automatic accompaniment function,
The accompaniment played by the automatic accompaniment by the accompaniment pattern preset in the accompaniment data memory 20 is input by the performer based on the chord information including the root note and the kind of the chord stored in the chord progression data memory 16. The note information for each note is stored in the performance data memory 24 together with the melody information, and the stored note information is displayed on the display circuit 26 so that the note information can be freely edited.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to an automatic performance device, and more particularly to an automatic performance device capable of storing accompaniment information and melody information for each constituent sound that constitutes accompaniment information and melody information.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 Conventionally, as an automatic performance device that allows the performer himself to compose music and input data to the automatic performance device for automatic performance, data for the melody part and the accompaniment part (rhythm part) are individually separated. There is known an automatic performance device which is created by inputting each of the constituent sounds of each part to the track of each part set in the memory and automatically playing the sound. Alternatively, the accompaniment pattern is set in advance, the performer inputs the root note and type of the chord to automatically accompaniment the accompaniment part, and the data of the melody part is created so that each note can be stored in the memory. There is known an automatic performance device that inputs to a track of a part and automatically plays along with automatic accompaniment.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, the former of the above-mentioned conventional automatic musical instruments requires the input of one note for each note of the accompaniment part chords, which increases the amount of work. In addition, there is a problem in that it is difficult for a beginner who has less musical knowledge to know how to add an accompaniment, and it is extremely difficult to compose an accompaniment suitable for a melody.

In order to solve such a problem, the latter one of the above-mentioned conventional automatic performance devices has been proposed, which is preset by inputting only the root note and type of chord. It is equipped with a function called automatic accompaniment that automatically adds an accompaniment according to the accompaniment pattern. However, in this automatic accompaniment, a preset accompaniment pattern is repeatedly used, and therefore it is possible to accompaniment only with some preset patterns, and a part of the accompaniment pattern is uncomfortable for the performer. However, there was a problem that the performer could not freely change only that part.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is to assist the performer himself in composing the root note and the type of chord. The automatic accompaniment information played by a preset accompaniment pattern and the melody information input by the performer are associated as note information for each constituent note based on the chord information. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic performance device capable of storing data and processing data for each note constituting an automatic accompaniment and melody by changing the note information.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the automatic musical instrument according to the present invention is an automatic musical instrument having an automatic accompaniment function, and a preset accompaniment pattern based on chord information consisting of root note and type of chord. The accompaniment played by the automatic accompaniment is stored as note information for each note along with the melody information input by the performer, and the stored note information can be freely edited. It will be.

[0007]

[Action]

 Since the accompaniment to be automatically accompanied and the melody that is separately input by the player can be individually stored for each constituent sound, data processing can be performed for each constituent sound. Therefore, the accompaniment by the automatic accompaniment can be arbitrarily changed according to the preference of the performer.

[0008]

【Example】

 Embodiments of an automatic performance device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

This electronic musical instrument is configured to control the operation of the entire electronic musical instrument by using a central processing unit (CPU) 10. The CPU 10 is provided with an alternation table or the like which is used to read the pitch of a chord based on a predetermined program and chord type for controlling the overall operation via the bus 12. A program memory 14 composed of a read only memory (ROM) stored therein, a code progress data memory 16 composed of a random access memory (RAM) storing code progress data as code information, and an input. A chord designating operator 18 for designating a chord to be played, an accompaniment data memory 20 composed of a ROM in which various accompaniment patterns are stored, a work area 22 composed of a RAM in which various register groups to be described later are set, and played. It is possible to record accompaniment information and melody information, which should be performance information. A performance data memory 24 comprising a RAM having an accompaniment track and a melody track, a display circuit 26 for displaying the performance information recorded in the performance data memory 24, a tempo clock generator 28, a melody or a chord, etc. A keyboard 30 for inputting, a control operator circuit 32 for controlling operators for performing various operations such as volume, tone quality or editing of performance information, and a tone generator 34 are connected.

Further, an amplifier 36 is connected to the tone generator 34, and a speaker 38 is connected to the amplifier 36, and a musical tone signal sent from the tone generator 34 is sent via the amplifier 36. A sound is emitted from the speaker 38 as a musical sound.

In the present embodiment, the tempo clock generator 28 sets the time base (one beat (one quarter note) by the number of clocks) to 100. , 100 clocks. Therefore, in a 4-beat rhythm, one bar (4 beats) corresponds to 400 clocks. At this time, the number of clocks starts from 0 clock, so 0 to 399 clocks are 1 measure. In the rhythm of 3 beats, 1 bar (3 beats) corresponds to 300 clocks, and 0 clock to 299 clocks becomes 1 bar. Further, since one beat corresponds to one quarter note, the time length of one quarter note corresponds to 100 clocks. However, in the present embodiment, the acoustic effect is taken into consideration. , 95 clocks, which is a time length shorter than 100 clocks. The other notes are also set in the same manner as the quarter note, and the time length of the eighth note is set to 45 clocks, for example.

When the tone generator 34 receives the pitch information (key number: key NO.) And the key-on (key ON) information about each musical tone, the tone generator 34 emits the musical tone of that pitch from the speaker 38. When the tone signal input to the amplifier 36 is started and the pitch information and the key-off information is received, the tone signal generation is stopped in order to mute the tone of that pitch. ..

The type of code (major: major, minor: minor, etc.) and the root note (C, F, G, etc.) of the chord are input to the chord progression data memory 16 by the chord designating operator 18 in advance. As a result, the data is recorded with time information attached. The time information is represented by the number of clocks at the current time ta. FIG. 2 shows an example of 4-beat data recorded in the chord progression data memory 16. At the current time ta = 0 clock, the root note is “C” and the type is “major”. Is input, and when the time ta = 400 clocks, the root note is “F” and the type is “minor”. Therefore, in FIG. 2, the chord is changed every 400 clocks, that is, for each bar, and the chord is changed.

In the accompaniment data memory 20, an accompaniment pattern for one bar is recorded with time information in the “C scale”, and this accompaniment pattern is repeatedly read out periodically. The time information is represented by the number of clocks at the time tb within the bar. FIGS. 3A and 3B show an example of the musical score of the accompaniment and the data stored in the accompaniment data memory 20 corresponding thereto. The accompaniment data memory 20 contains the status (key-on or key-off information) and key number at the time tb within the bar. Further, the accompaniment data memory 20 stores each accompaniment pattern corresponding to a performance style (rock style, jazz style, enka style, etc.). The key numbers are set according to the correspondence shown in FIG.

As a method of storing the accompaniment pattern corresponding to each performance style, a plurality of accompaniment patterns are stored for each performance style according to the type of chord, and the accompaniment pattern is stored according to the designated chord type. It is known that an accompaniment pattern is read out, one type of accompaniment pattern is stored, and the constituent sounds of the accompaniment pattern change depending on the type of chord.

The register group set in the work area 22 is for temporarily storing various data generated when the CPU 10 executes the control program stored in the program memory 14. The registers relevant to the implementation of the present invention are as follows. In the following description, the contents of each register (data, etc.) are represented by the same label name unless otherwise specified.

(1) CHR (chord) This register stores the root note of the chord read from the chord progression data memory 16.

(2) TYP (Type) This register stores the type of code read from the chord progression data memory 16.

The operation of the automatic musical instrument having the above structure will be described step by step with reference to the flow charts shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 and the operation examples shown in FIGS. 9 to 10.

As the input method of the melody and accompaniment, four methods are selected depending on whether the melody and the accompaniment are input in real time or stored in advance (step input). it can. The real-time input of a melody is to set the tempo (how many beats per minute) and time signature (4 time signature, 3 time signature, etc.), and press the start switch to start. When the player performs a performance on the keyboard 30, the performance is stored in the melody track of the performance data memory 24. With melody step input, using so-called sequencer software, etc., the musical score is displayed on the display screen, and the cursor is moved to the input position on the display screen by the operator to input the desired note. To do. In addition, the real-time accompaniment input is to specify a chord on the keyboard 30 or the like according to the tempo to perform an automatic accompaniment, and output the result of the automatic accompaniment as note information of one note or one note in the performance data memory 24. It is stored in the accompaniment track. The accompaniment step input is that the type of chord and the root of the chord are input in advance by the chord designating operator 18, and the data is stored in the chord progression data memory 16 with time information (current time ta). The automatic accompaniment is read out, and the automatic accompaniment is stored in the accompaniment track of the performance data memory 24 as note information for each note.

As shown in FIG. 5, this automatic performance device executes a melody recording processing routine S108 for writing melody data to a melody track of the performance data memory 24 in the main routine, and at the same time, the tempo clock generator 28 The interrupt processing (FIG. 6) is executed every time the tempo clock generated by the CPU 10 arrives at the CPU 10.

The performer selects a playing style and sets the tempo before playing. As described above, in this embodiment, the time base is 100, so the tempo clock generator 28 generates 100 clocks per beat. If the tempo is set to 120, one beat corresponds to 500 msec, and one beat corresponds to 100 clocks, so a tempo interruption occurs every 5 msec, which is 1 / 100th of that, and an interrupt processing routine (Fig. 6) will be performed. The number of interrupts that occur after the start switch is pressed is the current time ta, and the time within a bar is the time within a bar tb. Therefore, one bar is 400 clocks (0 clock to 399 clocks). Therefore, the value obtained by adding 1 to the remainder obtained by dividing the current time ta by 400 is the intra-bar time tb.

In the flowchart showing the main routine in FIG. 5, the initialization routine of step S100 is started and executed by turning on the power switch, and various buffers, registers, and This routine sets parameters and the like to initial values and resets the current time ta and the in-bar time tb to zero. When the process of step S100 is completed, the process proceeds to step S102.

Step S 102 is an operator processing routine, in which processing for setting operations of various operators is performed. When the process of step S102 ends, the process proceeds to step S104.

Step S 104 is a key-depression processing routine, which processes the data generated by the key depression of the keyboard 30. When the process of step S104 is completed, the process proceeds to step S106.

In step S 106, it is determined whether or not the melody data currently being played is in the performance recording mode, which is a mode for recording the melody data in the melody track of the performance data memory 24. If this determination result is affirmative (YES), the process proceeds to step S108.

Step S 108 is a melody recording processing routine, in which the melody data played on the keyboard 30 is recorded with the current time ta on the melody track of the performance data memory 24.

When the process of step S108 is completed, or when the result of determination in step S106 is negative (NO), that is, when the performance recording mode is not set, the process proceeds to step S110.

Step S 110 is a sound source processing routine for producing sound and muting based on the melody key depression and key release based on the data generated in step S 104, and via the tone generator 34, amplifier 36 and speaker 38. , Musical sounds are emitted from the automatic performance device. After the execution of the sound source processing routine in step S110, the process returns to step S102, and thereafter, steps S102 to S110 as described above are repeatedly executed.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of interrupt processing. As described above, when the tempo clock generated by the tempo clock generator 28 arrives at the CPU 10, this interrupt processing subroutine is executed, and after the interrupt processing subroutine is executed, The main routine is repeated again.

First, in step S200, it is determined whether or not there is chord information (chord root and chord type) to be read from the chord progression data memory 16 at the current time ta. If the determination result is affirmative (YES), the process proceeds to step S202.

In step S 202, the root note and code type of the chord are read from the chord progression data memory 16, the chord root note is stored in the register CHR of the work area 22, and the chord type is stored in the register TYP.

When the process of step S202 is completed, or the determination result of step S200 is negative (NO), that is, when there is no code information to be read from the chord progression data memory 16 at the current time ta, step S204. Go to.

In step S 204, it is determined whether or not there is accompaniment data to be read from the accompaniment data memory 20 at the time tb within the bar. If the determination result is affirmative (YES), the process proceeds to step S206.

In step S206, the accompaniment data at the time tb within the bar is read, and the pitch is read by the alternation table based on the chord type (value of register TYP) of the chord information read from the chord progression data memory 16. Is performed, and a key shift is performed based on the chord root (value of the register CHR), and is also sounded. When the process of step S206 ends, the process proceeds to step S208.

In step S208, the accompaniment data in which the pitch is read and the key shift is performed in step S206, that is, the key-on or key-off information and the key number are attached with the current time ta, and the performance is performed. It is recorded in the accompaniment track of the data memory 24. When the process of step S208 ends, the process returns to step S204.

At the time tb within the bar, if all the accompaniment data to be read is read, or if there is no accompaniment data to be read, the determination result of step S204 is negative (NO), and the process proceeds to step S210.

In step S210, the value of the current time ta is advanced by one. When the process of step S210 ends, the process proceeds to step S212.

In step S212, the value of the intra-bar time tb is advanced by one. When the process of step S212 ends, the process proceeds to step S214.

In step S214, it is determined whether or not the value of the in-bar time tb is smaller than 400. When the determination result is affirmative (YES), that is, when the value at the time tb within the bar is smaller than 400, the process returns to the main routine. On the other hand, when the result of the determination is negative (NO), that is, when the value at the time tb within the bar is 400 or more, the process proceeds to step S216.

In step S216, the value of the time tb within the bar is reset to 0. When the process of step S216 is completed, the process returns to the main routine.

When the time tb within a bar exceeds 400 clocks (1 bar), the time returns to the beginning of the bar.

Next, an operation example based on each of the above-mentioned routines will be described using the data used in the description of the present embodiment. In this operation example, the chord progression is stored in advance for the accompaniment input, and step accompaniment is performed so that the automatic accompaniment is performed based on the chord progression.The melody input is performed simultaneously with the automatic accompaniment. We used real-time input to perform. In addition, a description will be given of the case where the melody performance is stored in the performance data memory 24 together with the automatic accompaniment performance.

When the start button is pressed, the main routine is executed, and if the determination in step S 106 is affirmative (YES), the melody data is stored in the melody track of the performance data memory 24 in the melody recording processing routine of step S 108. It will be remembered.

Further, in the interrupt processing routine, the code information is read from the code progress data memory 16 in step S200. In step S202, the root note of the chord and the chord type are determined. Then, the note name read from the accompaniment data memory 20 in step S204 is converted based on the chord type by the alternation table shown in FIG. 7 stored in the program memory 14 in step S206. The note name converted by the alternation table is further key-shifted based on the chord root note. Although only the major and minor tables are shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to provide accompaniment patterns and tables for each chord family to support other chord types (7th, diminish, augment, etc.). Of course.

In the chord progression data memory 16 shown in FIG. 2, the root note designated at the current time ta = 0 is C, and the type is major. Therefore, since the alternation table 1 (AT1) is selected and the root note is C, no key shift is performed, and the accompaniment data in the accompaniment data memory 20 is output as it is without being read. Also, the root note designated at the current time ta = 400 is F and the type is minor. Therefore, the alternation table 2 (AT2) is selected, and the accompaniment data of the accompaniment data memory 20 becomes C, E, G, C, E ♭, G. Since the root note is F, key shift is performed, and F, A ♭ and C will be output. Since this code replacement technique is well known, detailed description is omitted.

As described above, the constituent sounds of the accompaniment pattern read in steps S204 to S208 based on the in-measure time tb are reread by the CHR and TYP determined in step S202, and the accompaniment of FIG. The pitch is as shown in the example. This accompaniment data is recorded on the accompaniment track of the performance data memory 24 in step S208.

When the melody shown in FIG. 8 is played at the same time as the accompaniment, the melody data of this melody performance is recorded in the melody track of the performance data memory 24 in step S106 as described above. It is a thing.

As shown in FIG. 9, each data generated as described above is stored in the accompaniment track and the melody track of the performance data memory 24 as note information for each constituent note. Note that FIG. 10 is a musical score corresponding to the data shown in FIG.

Further, the performance information as the note information, which is created by using the automatic accompaniment as described above and is recorded in the performance data memory 24, can be displayed on the display unit such as a display by the display circuit 26. It can be edited by an edit control operator which may be included in the control operator circuit 32. That is, the key number (pitch information) and the key on / off information of the performance data memory 24 are transferred to the display circuit 26 and displayed on the display unit as shown in FIG. 11, for example. Note that in FIG. 11, the key on / off information is converted and displayed as the key on time (displayed at the current time ta) and the length of the sounding time (sound length). At the present time ta = 0, the accompaniment track has a pitch of E2 and G2 for 95 clocks, and the melody track has a pitch of E3 for 45 clocks. Is shown.

In order to edit with the editing control operator, the cursor is moved to the object to be edited, and the pitch or the length is newly input to change the pitch or the length of the object to be edited. In FIG. 11, the pitch = C2 at the current time ta = 100 of the accompaniment track is the editing target. When the cursor is moved, the screen scrolls, and the second bar, the third bar, and the data are sequentially displayed.

In the first embodiment described above, the automatic accompaniment pattern read and reread based on the chord root note and the chord type stored in advance in the chord progression data memory 16 is used for each note. The processing from step S200 to step S216 that is stored in the accompaniment track as note information is performed by the tempo clock interrupt processing, but this processing should be performed independently as the note information recording processing of the accompaniment pattern. You can also

That is, the chord root data and chord type are stored in advance in the chord progression data memory together with the time information, and a note information recording switch or the like is provided. By pressing this switch, an automatic accompaniment sound is generated. Instead, the automatic accompaniment pattern may be read out and replaced at once, and may be recorded on the accompaniment track or an external recording medium as note information for each note. FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 are flowcharts showing the second embodiment thus configured.

In the second embodiment, in the manipulator processing routine (step S102) of the main routine shown in FIG. 5, it is determined whether the accompaniment recording switch has been pressed (step S300). If this determination result is affirmative, that is, if the accompaniment recording switch is pressed, the note information recording processing routine (step S302) is executed (FIG. 12).

In the note information recording processing routine shown in FIG. 13, after initializing the current time ta and the in-bar time t b (step S400), the processing of all chord information is completed (step S402) until the step of FIG. The same processing as the processing from S200 to step S216 is repeated. However, the tone generation processing in step S206 is not executed, and the accompaniment data at the time tb within the bar is read, and based on the chord information (value of the register TYP) of the chord information read from the chord progression data memory, the alternation table is used. The tone pitch is read, and the key shift is performed based on the chord root (value of the register CHR) (step S206 ').

When the processing of all code information ends (step S402), the process returns to the manipulator processing routine (step S404: RETURN), moves to another manipulator process (step S304), and after that process is executed, Return to the main routine (step S306: RETURN).

In particular, in the case of a long piece of music, according to the interrupt processing by the tempo clock as in the first embodiment, note information cannot be recorded in the accompaniment track until the performance is completed, but in the second embodiment. According to the embodiment, if the chord progression is determined, the note information can be immediately recorded on the accompaniment track or the external recording medium, which is extremely effective.

Further, after the note information recording mode is set, the note information of the accompaniment pattern may be recorded without being sounded while inputting the chord information in real time by the chord designating operator.

[0060]

[Effect of the device]

 Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

In order to support the music composition of the performer himself, the automatic accompaniment information played by a preset accompaniment pattern based on the chord information consisting of the root note and the kind of the chord, and the information input by the performer. The melody information and the melody information are stored in correspondence with each other as note information for each note, enabling data processing for each note that constitutes the automatic accompaniment and melody. You can That is, since the accompaniment to be automatically played and the melody separately input by the performer can be individually stored for each constituent sound, data processing can be performed for each constituent sound, and the accompaniment by automatic accompaniment can be performed. It can be changed arbitrarily according to the performer's preference.

If the generated data can be recorded in an external storage medium, it can be read and played back by a mere automatically playing musical instrument without an automatic accompaniment function, and the data can be shared. It can also be read into a dedicated automatic performance data editing device that has a wealth of data editing functions, enabling advanced editing on the editing device.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic musical instrument having an automatic musical instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing chord progression data stored in a chord progression data memory.

FIG. 3A is an explanatory diagram showing a musical score of an accompaniment pattern, and FIG. 3B is a diagram schematically showing data stored in an accompaniment data memory corresponding to the musical score of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of displaying a key number.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a main routine of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an interrupt processing routine according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an alternation table.

FIG. 8 is a musical score showing a melody.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing data stored in a performance data memory.

FIG. 10 is a musical score of a melody and an accompaniment corresponding to FIG.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a display mode on a display unit.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a manipulator processing routine of a second embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a note information recording processing routine of a second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 CPU 12 Bus 14 Program Memory 16 Chord Progression Data Memory 18 Chord Designating Operator 20 Accompaniment Data Memory 22 Work Area 24 Performance Data Memory 26 Display Circuit 28 Tempo Clock Generator 30 Keyboard 32 Control Operator Circuit 34 Tone Generator 36 Amplifier 38 Speaker

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An accompaniment data memory storing accompaniment pattern information, chord designating means for designating an arbitrary chord, and accompaniment pattern information from said accompaniment data memory based on the chord designated by said chord designating means. And an automatic accompaniment means for performing automatic accompaniment, a melody input means for inputting arbitrary melody information, an automatic accompaniment information to be played by the automatic accompaniment means, and melody information input by the melody input means. And a storage means for storing each of them in association with each other. 2. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, further comprising edit control means capable of individually editing the automatic accompaniment information and the melody information stored in the storage means.