JPH0524165B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0524165B2 JPH0524165B2 JP58068265A JP6826583A JPH0524165B2 JP H0524165 B2 JPH0524165 B2 JP H0524165B2 JP 58068265 A JP58068265 A JP 58068265A JP 6826583 A JP6826583 A JP 6826583A JP H0524165 B2 JPH0524165 B2 JP H0524165B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- carbon atoms
- reaction
- polyfunctional
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920001855 polyketal Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000743 hydrocarbylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 42
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 25
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 24
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- -1 cyclic acetal Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 10
- FXHGMKSSBGDXIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanal Chemical class CCCCCCC=O FXHGMKSSBGDXIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCO FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- NGAZZOYFWWSOGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-3-one Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)CC NGAZZOYFWWSOGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001266 acyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KSMVZQYAVGTKIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC=O KSMVZQYAVGTKIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHLKSLMMWAKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,12-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCCCO GHLKSLMMWAKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- JARKCYVAAOWBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanal Chemical compound CCCCCC=O JARKCYVAAOWBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWVFCEVNXHTDNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-2,3-dione Chemical compound CCCC(=O)C(C)=O MWVFCEVNXHTDNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl n-propyl ketone Natural products CCCC(C)=O XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1,8-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCO OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentanal Chemical compound CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZMFJUDUGYTVRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-2,3-dione Chemical compound CCC(=O)C(C)=O TZMFJUDUGYTVRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000005717 substituted cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003470 sulfuric acid monoesters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJPRLNWUNMBNBZ-QPJJXVBHSA-N (E)-cinnamaldehyde Chemical compound O=C\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 KJPRLNWUNMBNBZ-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004955 1,4-cyclohexylene group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- HLLGFGBLKOIZOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-diphenylacetaldehyde Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HLLGFGBLKOIZOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWXICGTUELOLSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 KWXICGTUELOLSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMHJEEQLYBKSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adipaldehyde Chemical class O=CCCCCC=O UMHJEEQLYBKSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIGSNYAYBSJATD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethadione Chemical compound CCN1C(=O)OC(C)(C)C1=O SIGSNYAYBSJATD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1CCC(CO)CC1 YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWVAOONFBYYRHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1 BWVAOONFBYYRHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012431 aqueous reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001204 arachidyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000008365 aromatic ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940117916 cinnamic aldehyde Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KJPRLNWUNMBNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinnamic aldehyde Natural products O=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KJPRLNWUNMBNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- DIWSMVWJOBILHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-dicarbaldehyde Chemical class O=CC1(C=O)CCCCC1 DIWSMVWJOBILHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound OC1(O)CCCCC1 PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCZFGQYXRKMVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)CC1 DCZFGQYXRKMVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVFDZFBHBWTVID-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1CCCCC1 KVFDZFBHBWTVID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZNWNWEHQFXOPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanedial Chemical class O=CCCCCCCCCC=O ZNWNWEHQFXOPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMPOZLHMGVKUEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanedioyl dichloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(Cl)=O WMPOZLHMGVKUEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004989 dicarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical group [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000262 ethadione Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BATOPAZDIZEVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-2,4-dienal Chemical compound CC=CC=CC=O BATOPAZDIZEVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZMRZONIDDFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecyl(trimethyl)azanium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C MZMRZONIDDFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FWBUWJHWAKTPHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=O FWBUWJHWAKTPHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001261 isocyanato group Chemical group *N=C=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005907 ketalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- COWNFYYYZFRNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxazolidinedione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)N1 COWNFYYYZFRNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012667 polymer degradation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JHJUUEHSAZXEEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JHJUUEHSAZXEEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003459 sulfonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005613 synthetic organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003420 transacetalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G4/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with polyalcohols; Addition polymers of heterocyclic oxygen compounds containing in the ring at least once the grouping âOâCâOâ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/48—Isomerisation; Cyclisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
æ¬çºæã¯åæææ©ããªããŒã®è£œé ã«é¢ãããã
ã詳ããã¯ãæ¬çºæã¯ä¹³åç¶æ ã®ã¢ã«ãããåã¯
ã±ãã³ãšå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšãå«ãæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäž
ã«ãããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé
ã«é¢ããã ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã¯ããã€ã«
ã ãå¡æåã³å·¥æ¥çšãã©ã¹ããã¯ãå å«ããçš®ã
ã®æçµçšéã«å¥œé©ãªæ§èœãæãããããç¹ã«å¥œãŸ
ããéšé¡ã®çž®åããªããŒã«å±ãããã¢ãããŒåã³
éåæ¡ä»¶ãé©åã«éžã¶ããšã«ããããããã®æ§èœ
ãç¹å®ã®æçµçšéã«æé©åããããšãã§ããã ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã補é ããåŸ
æ¥ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãé©åœãªåå®èœæ§åã¯äºå®èœæ§ã®ã«ã«
ããã«ååç©ãšå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿ãå©
çšããæ¹æ³ã§ããããã«ïŒHillïŒããJ.A.C.S.45ïŒ
3124ïŒ1923ïŒãã«ãããã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ããããšççŽ æ°
ïŒãŸã§ã®ãžãªãŒã«ãšãé žè§Šåªã®äžã§åå¿ãããã
ãšã«ãã€ãŠç°ç¶ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãåŸãããšãå ±åãã
ãŠãããè©²å ±åã«ãããšãã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ããããšãª
ã¯ã¿ã¡ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«åã³ãã«ã¡ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³
ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿çæç©ã¯ãç²çš ã§ãèžçäžå¯èœãªã·
ãããã§ããããããã¯ç·ç¶ã®ããªããŒã§ããã
ãšæ³åããããšèšèŒãããŠããããã¹ãŠã®å Žåã«
ãããŠãåžéå€ããã€ããçšããªãã§è§Šåªéã®ç¡«
é žã®ååšäžã§åå¿äœãå ç±ããŠãããåèšã®èè
ãã¯ãããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãåžé±é žã®ååšäžã§ããã«
å æ°Žå解ãã察å¿ã¢ã«ãããåã³äºå®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³
ãŒã«ãçãããšå ±ããŠããã ã«ãã¶ãŒã¹ïŒCarothersïŒã®ç±³åœç¹èš±2071252
å·æ现æžã«ã¯ãããçš®ã®äºå®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã
æ¯èŒçäœååéã®åå®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã³çš®ã ã®
ã¢ã«ãããããèªå°ãããã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãšãåå¿ã
ããŠç·ç¶ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ã補é ããããšãé瀺ã
ããŠãããåå¿ã¯åå¿æ··åç©ã®æ²žç¹ã§è¡ãããã
ããŠåå¿ã®å¯çç©ãšããŠçããäœååéã®ã¢ã«ã³
ãŒã«ã¯èžçã«ãã€ãŠçµ¶ããé€å»ãããããŸããã®
æç®ã¯ãææã®ã¢ã«ããããåå®èœæ§åã³äºå®èœ
æ§ã®åã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãããã«é©åœãªè§Šåªãå«ãæ··å
ç©ãå ç±ããããšã«ãããæåã®ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãã
ã®å Žã§è£œé ãããå Žåããããšæ瀺ããŠãããè¥
å¹²ã®ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãäŸãã°ïŒïŒ10âãã«ã³ãžãª
ãŒã«ãšãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããããèªå°ããããã®ã¯ã
100âæªæºã®èç¹ã瀺ãåºåœ¢ç©è³ªã§ãããããã
ã®ç©è³ªè³ªãååèžçåšå ã§ããã«éåããããšã
æ®æž£ãšããŠç¹ç¶åœ¢æç©è³ªãåŸããããããŠçåºç©
ã®ãã¡ãééã§æé«50ïŒ ãŸã§ã®ãã®ã¯ç°ç¶ãã€ã
ãŒã§ãã€ãŠããã®ãã®ã¯æåã®åå¿æ··åç©ãè¥å¹²
å解ããŠçãããã®ããããšå ±åãããŠãããã
ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãçŸåŸã«ãããŠåå¿æ··åç©ããèžçãã
å¿ èŠã®ããåå®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã䜿çšããªããŠã¯
ãªããªãã®ã§æãŸããæ¹æ³ãšã¯ãããªãããã
ããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãèžçããã«ã¯åå¿æ··åç©ã沞ç¹
ãŸã§å ç±ããã°ãªãããããªãã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒåºè²»
ãäœåãªãããããæçµéååå¿ã®çæç©ã¯ç²çš
ãªæ¶²äœã§ããããåã¯åºäœã§ãã€ãŠããããã«ã
ãåå¿å®¹åšããååºããŠç²Ÿè£œãããé£ãããç¹ã«
åæ¥çèŠæš¡ã®éã®åå¿äœãçšããå Žåã«ã¯ããã
é¡èã§ããã ã³ãŒãšã³ïŒCohenïŒãã«ããç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬
2963464å·æ现æžã«ã¯ããã³ã¿ãšãªããªããŒã«å
ã³ïŒåã¯ïŒãžãã³ã¿ãšãªããªããŒã«ãšäºå®èœæ§ã¢
ã«ããããšãåå¿ãããŠããªã¹ãã©ã³ã圢æãã
åå¿ãé瀺ãããŠããããã®åå¿ã¯é žæ§è§Šåªãšã
åå¿äœã®ãã¡ã®å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã«å¯Ÿãã溶å€ã§ã
ãäžæŽ»æ§æ¶²äœãšã®ååšäžã§å®æœãããããã®ç¹èš±
ã®å®æœäŸã®äžã€ã«ã¯ãããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é žã觊åªãšããŠçšãã沞隰氎äžã«ãããŠãã³ã¿ãš
ãªããªããŒã«ãšã°ã«ã¿ã«ã¢ã«ããããšãåå¿ãã
ãŠåŸãããçæç©ãèšèŒãããŠããããã®çæç©
ã¯ã300âæªæºã§ã¯æº¶èãããã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ç°æ§äœ
ã®æ··åç©ã«æº¶è§£ãããããŠæ°Žåã³è©Šéšãããã¹ãŠ
ã®éåžžã®éããšããŒã«ç³»ææ©æº¶å€ã«äžæº¶æ§ã®åºäœ
ã§ãããšå ±åãããŠããããã®ãããªçæç©ã¯ã
ããšããŒã«ç³»æº¶å€äžã®æº¶æ¶²ãšããå Žå以å€ã«ã¯åŠ
çããããšãã§ããªãã®ã§ãåçšçãªäŸ¡å€ãæ¯èŒ
çå°ãªããããããšããŒã«é¡åã³ãããã®èªå°äœ
ã®ãã¡ã®ãããã®ã¯ãèæ°ãæ®çºæ§ãæ¯æ§ã®ãã
ããšãåã³é žåå®å®åºŠãããå£ãããšãåå ãšãª
ã€ãŠã溶å€ãšããŠã¯å¥œãŸãããªããç°å¢æ±æ床ã
èŠå®ã®æ°Žæºã«æããããšããçŸè¡æ³èŠã®äžã§ã¯ã
溶å€ãšããŠããšããŒã«åã¯ç°æ§ã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãçšã
ãŠå¡ç¶ããªããŒãé 圢ç©åã«å€ããããããªããŒ
ãå¡æã«é åããããšã¯ããããŠå°é£ã§ãããã æ¬çºæã®äžã€ã®ç®çã¯ãæçšãªååéãæãã
ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®åçšçã«å¯èœ
ãªè£œé æ³ãæäŸããããšã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ç¬¬äºã®ç®çã¯ãçš®ã ã®æçµçšéã«å®¹æ
ã«äœ¿ããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«çµæç©
ãæäŸãããããææ©æº¶å€ã®äœ¿çšã«äŒŽãæœåšçãª
ç°å¢æ±æåé¡ãåé¿ããããšã§ããã ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã¯ã±ã¿ãŒã«ã圢æããããã®åå®
èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšã®éã®åå¿
ã«ã¯ãæ¹çšåŒïŒ 2ROHïŒRâ²Râ³CïŒïŒ¯Râ²Râ³CïŒORïŒ2ïŒH2O ã§è¡šããããšã®ã§ãã平衡ç¶æ ã®å å«ãããããš
ã¯å ¬ç¥ã§ããã äžèšã®æ¹çšåŒäžãåã³Râ²ã¯ãããã«ã«ãã«
åºã§ããããããŠRâ³ã¯æ°ŽçŽ åã¯ãããã«ã«ãã«
åºã§ãããåå¿æ··åç©ã®æ¶²çžããïŒçš®é¡ã®åå¿ç
æç©ã®ãã¡ã®å°ãªããšãäžæ¹ãé€å»ããããšãã
ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã¯ã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®å æ°Žå解ãç¹ã«é žæ§åª
質äžã®å æ°Žå解ãé²ãããã®å¿ é æ¡ä»¶ã§ãããšåŸ
æ¥æè¡ã¯æ瀺ããŠããããã®æ¡ä»¶ã¯ããªããŒæ§å
åç©ã®è£œé ã«ãé©çšãããå¯äžã®çžéç¹ã¯åèšæ¹
çšåŒäžROHã§è¡šããããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãå€å®èœæ§
ã§ããããšã®ã¿ã§ããã åŸæ¥ææ³ã§ããå¡ç¶éåæ³ã«ããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒ
ã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé ã«ä»éããæ¬ ç¹ã¯ãåš
å²æž©åºŠã«ãããŠæ¶²äœåã¯ååºäœã§ããçæç©ã«ã
ã€ãŠç€ºãããé«ç²åºŠã«èµ·å ããŠããããã®çæç©
ã®èŒžéåã³åŠçãå°é£ãªããšã§ãããåºåœ¢ã®çæ
ç©ã¯ãåå¿åšãããããååºãã®ã«æ©æ¢°çåŠçã«
ãã€ãŠå€§ããªå¡ãã解ç ããªããŠã¯ãªããªãã 溶èåã¯å¯æº¶åããã圢æ ã«ããããæ¯èŒçé«
ååéã®ããªããŒã補é åã³å å·¥ããéã«ä»éã
ãåé¡ãé¿ããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãä¹³åéåæ³ãšããŠ
ç¥ãããæ¹æ³ãæ¡çšãã觊åªã®ã»ãã«éåžžçé¢æŽ»
æ§å€ãå«ãæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžã«ãããŠãïŒçš®åã¯ãã以
äžã®ã¢ãããŒãåå¿ãããããšã§ãããæçµããª
ããŒã¯ãæã«ã¯æ°Žã®ç²åºŠã«è¿ããããªæ¯èŒçäœç²
床ã瀺ãæ°Žæ§ã®ãšãã«ãžãšã³åã¯ã©ããã¯ã¹ãšã
ãŠåŸããããé£ç¶çžãšããŠæ°ŽãçšããåŸæ¥ã®ä¹³å
éåæ³ã¯ãææ©éé žåç©ã®ãããªéé¢ã©ãžã«ã«æº
æ³ç©è³ªã®ååšäžã«ããããšãã¬ã³ç¶äžé£œåååç©
ã®éåã«ãã€ã±ãçšãããããšãã€ãŠãéèšã§ã¯
ãªããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã¯å æ°Žå
解ããããã®ã§ãäžè¬çã«ã¯ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³
ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé ãç¹ã«åå®èœæ§ã®ã¢ã«ããã
åã¯ã±ãã³ããèªå°ãããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ã
ãªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé çšã«ãæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžã§ã®ä¹³åéå
æ³ãå®çšçãªæ段ãšãªããããšã¯åŸæ¥èããããª
ãã€ãããšã§ããã çé¢éåæ³ã«ãã€ãŠãããçš®ã®ã¿ã€ãã®çž®åã
ãªããŒãç¹å®çã«ã¯ããªã¢ããã補é ããããšã¯
å ¬ç¥ã§ããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ãå¯æº¶ååã¯ä¹³å
ãããžã¢ãã³ãäŸãã°é垞察å¿ãããããªãŠã å¡©
ã®åœ¢ã®ãããµã¡ãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ãå«ãŸããŠããæ°Ž
æ§çžãšãå¯æº¶åããããžã¢ã·ã«ãã©ã€ããäŸãã°
ã»ãã³ã€ã«ãžã¯ãã©ã€ããå«ãŸããŠããã¡ãã¬ã³
ã¯ãã©ã€ãã®ãããªæ°Žã«éæ··åæ§ã®ææ©æ¶²äœãšã
çµåãããæ¯èŒçäœã枩床ã«ãããŠãæ¥éãªãã
ããŠå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯ç¬éçãªåºåœ¢ããªããŒã®åœ¢æ
ãäºã€ã®æ¶²å±€ã®çé¢ã§èµ·ãããããåå¿ãå®çµã
ããããšãããªãã°ãåå¿æ··åç©ãæ¹æããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠããªããŒã絶ããçé¢é åããé€å»ãã
ããåã¯åå¿ã®é²è¡ã«åãããŠããªããŒãçé¢é
åããååããªããŠã¯ãªããªãã ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã¯ã¢ãã³ãšã¢ã·ã«ãã©ã€ããšã®å
å¿ã«èŒã¹å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã«ã«ããã«ååç©
ãšã®åå¿ã®é床ãããªãé ããããçé¢éåæ³ã
ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé ã«çšãã
ããããšã¯åŸæ¥ãªãã€ããã¢ã·ã«ãã©ã€ãã¯ãã
ããŠæ¥éã«åå¿ããã®ã§è§Šåªãå¿ èŠãšããªããã
ãã«å¯Ÿããã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšå€äŸ¡ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãš
ã®åå¿ã«ã¯ãæå¹ãªåå¿é床ãéæããããã®è§Š
åªãå¿ èŠã§ããã ããªã¢ããã®åœ¢æã«çšãããããããªçé¢éå
æ³ãããŸãä¹³åéåæ³ãå ±ã«æ°Žæ§çžãçšããã®
ã§ããã®æ¯èŒçå€éã®æ°Žã«ãããç¹ã«é žæ§è§Šåªã®
ååšäžã«ãããŠã¯ã¢ã«ãããâã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åå¿ã®
平衡ç¶æ ãç ŽãããŠã圢æãããå¯æº¶æ§ã®ããªã¢
ã»ã¿ãŒã«ããã¹ãŠå¯Ÿå¿ããå€å®èœæ§ã®ã¢ã«ããã
ãšã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã«å æ°Žå解ãããããã«ãªããšäº
æ³ããããåŸã€ãŠãåå¿åªè³ªäžã«ããããªããã§
ãå¯æº¶æ§ã§ãããåçšçã«æçšãªããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«
ã®è£œé æ段ãšããŠããããã®éåæ³ãçšããããš
ã«ã€ããŠã¯ããããç¥ãããŠããªãã é©ãã¹ãããšã«ã¯ãïŒåååœãã®å¹³åå埩åäœ
æ°ã20åã¯ãã以äžã«éããã»ã©å€ãããªã¢ã»ã¿
ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ããç¹å®ã®éçž®åçšè§Šåªã®
ååšäžã«ãããæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžã®ä¹³åéåã«ãã補é
ã§ããããšãä»åèŠãã ãããã®ã§ããã ç¹å®ã®éçž®åçšè§Šåªã®ååšäžã«ãããŠãïŒïŒä¹³
åããã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãåã¯ã«ã«ããã«ååç©
ãšæ°Žã«å¯æº¶æ§ã®åå®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿çæ
ç©ããïŒïŒä¹³åããå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãåã¯ã
ã®å æ°Žå解æ§ãšã¹ãã«ãšåå¿ãããŠãæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäž
ã§ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã補é ããæ¹
æ³ãæ¬çºæã«ãã€ãŠæäŸãããã æ¬çºæã«ããã ïŒïŒ æ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžã«ãããŠã (a) å°ãªããšãïŒåã®ççŽ ååãšãïŒåããã
ã¯ãã以äžã®ããããã·ã«åºåã¯åŒRCOOâ
ïŒåŒäžã®ïŒ²ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«ã§ãã€ãŠãïŒãïŒåã®
ççŽ ååãå«ããã®ãšããïŒãæããïŒåã
ããã¯ãã以äžã®ãšã¹ãã«åããããããã
ã·ã«åºãšãå«ã¿ãããããã·ã«åºåã¯ãšã¹ã
ã«åãããããããã·ã«åºãèèªæåã¯ç°è
èªæççŽ ååã«çµåããŠããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®
ã®è©Šè¬ã (b) å°ãªããšãïŒåã®ççŽ ååãå«ãå°ãªããš
ãïŒçš®ã®ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãåã¯è©²ã«ã«ãã
ã«ååç©ãšãççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®æ°Žæº¶æ§ã§åå®èœ
æ§ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿çæç©ïŒãã ãã該
ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã¯ãåå®èœæ§åã³å€å®èœæ§
ã¢ã«ããããšãåå®èœæ§åã³å€å®èœæ§ã±ãã³
ãšãããªã矀ããéžã°ãããããã«ã«ããã«
ååç©ã®ã«ã«ããã«åºã¯ãèèªæåã¯ç°èèª
æã®ççŽ ååã«çµåããŠãããã®ãšããïŒã
åã³ (c) (a)ãš(b)ãšã®åå¿é床ãä¿é²ãããã®ã«æå¹
ãªéã®å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®éçž®åçšè§Šåªã ãããªãæ··åç©ãä¹³åããããã㊠ïŒïŒ ãã®åŸã§ãææã®çæç©ãåŸããããŸã§(a)
ãš(b)ãšãåå¿ãããã äžèšè«žå·¥çšãããªãããšãç¹åŸŽãšãããä¹³åé
åã«ãã€ãŠããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã補
é ããæ¹æ³ãæäŸãããã ãŸããåè¿°ããæ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ãããããªã¢
ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ãæ¬çºæã«ãã€ãŠæäŸ
ãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ãå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®ä¹³å
ããå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãåã¯æ°Žæº¶æ§ã«ã«ãã³é ž
ããèªå°ããããã®ãšã¹ãã«ãšãå°ãªããšãïŒçš®
ã®ä¹³åããã¢ãã«ã«ããã«ååç©åã³ïŒåã¯ïŒå°
ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®ãžã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšãåå¿ãã
ããã¢ãâåã¯ãžã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã«ä»£ããŠãã«
ã«ããã«ååç©ãšæ°Žæº¶æ§ã®åå®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãš
ã®åå¿çæç©ãçšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããª
ã±ã¿ãŒã«ã圢æããã®ã«åå¿ããããå€å®èœæ§ã¢
ã«ã³ãŒã«ã¯ãå°ãªããšãïŒåã®ççŽ ååãšãïŒå
ãããã¯ãã以äžã®ããããã·ã«åºãåã¯ãšã¹ã
ã«ã®é žéšåã氎溶æ§ã®åå®èœæ§ã«ã«ãã³é žããèª
å°ããããã®ã§ãããïŒåãããã¯ãã以äžã®å
æ°Žå解ããããšã¹ãã«åãããããããã·ã«åºãš
ãå«ããççŽ ååã®æ°ãïŒåãããå°ãªãã¢ã«ã³
ãŒã«ã¯ãæ¯èŒçæ°Žã«äžæº¶æ§ã®ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã®
ååšäžã«ãããŠãæ°Žã«æº¶è§£ãããããšãã«ã·ãšã³
ã圢æã§ããªãããšãèŠãã ãããã ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšåå¿ãããã®ã«çšãããã
ååç©åã¯ããªããŒã®ããããã·ã«åºã¯ãæªåå¿
ã®åœ¢ã§æåããå«ãŸããŠããŠãããããåã¯é ¢é ž
ã®ãããªåå®èœæ§ã§æ°Žæº¶æ§ã®ã«ã«ãã³é žã§ãšã¹ã
ã«åãããŠããŠãããããšã¹ãã«ã¯ãæ¬çºæã®ã
ãªããŒã®è£œé ã«çšããããæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžããšããã
觊åªéã®é žæ§åã¯å¡©åºæ§ç©è³ªãåå¿æ··åç©äžã«å
åšããæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžã«ãããŠã¯å®¹æã«å æ°Žå解ãã
ããç¡«é žåã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã®ãããªåŒ·é žã¯ãæ¬çºæ
ã«ããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«è£œé ã«æ
å¹ãªè§Šåªã§ãããããå€å®èœæ§ããããã·ã«åå
ç©ããšã¹ãã«ã®åœ¢ãäŸãã°ããªé ¢é žããã«ã®åœ¢ã§
åå¿æ··åç©ã«å ããéã«ã¯ãããã®è§Šåªãçšãã
ã®ãæãŸãããå¥æ³ãšããŠãå¡©åºæ§ã®æ°Žæ§åªè³ªã
äŸãã°åžæ°Žé žåãããªãŠã 氎溶液äžã§ãšã¹ãã«ã
å æ°Žå解ãããããšãã§ããããã®å¡©åºã¯ãååŠ
éè«çã«éå°ãªéã®æ¬çºæã®é žè§Šåªã®ïŒçš®ãäŸã
ã°ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žåã¯ä»ã®é©åœãªé ž
ã«ãã€ãŠåŸã§äžåãããã å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã¯ãåŒHOR1OHïŒåŒäžã
R1ã¯ççŽ æ°ãïŒãããã¯ãã以äžã®ãããã«ã«
ãã¬ã³ãåã¯é£çµåºã«ãã€ãŠçµåãããå°ãªããš
ãïŒåã®ãããã«ã«ãã¬ã³åºãããªãç³»åãè¡šã
ãïŒã§è¡šããããšãã§ããã奜ãŸããé£çµåºã«å
å«ããããã®ã¯
ã詳ããã¯ãæ¬çºæã¯ä¹³åç¶æ ã®ã¢ã«ãããåã¯
ã±ãã³ãšå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšãå«ãæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäž
ã«ãããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé
ã«é¢ããã ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã¯ããã€ã«
ã ãå¡æåã³å·¥æ¥çšãã©ã¹ããã¯ãå å«ããçš®ã
ã®æçµçšéã«å¥œé©ãªæ§èœãæãããããç¹ã«å¥œãŸ
ããéšé¡ã®çž®åããªããŒã«å±ãããã¢ãããŒåã³
éåæ¡ä»¶ãé©åã«éžã¶ããšã«ããããããã®æ§èœ
ãç¹å®ã®æçµçšéã«æé©åããããšãã§ããã ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã補é ããåŸ
æ¥ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãé©åœãªåå®èœæ§åã¯äºå®èœæ§ã®ã«ã«
ããã«ååç©ãšå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿ãå©
çšããæ¹æ³ã§ããããã«ïŒHillïŒããJ.A.C.S.45ïŒ
3124ïŒ1923ïŒãã«ãããã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ããããšççŽ æ°
ïŒãŸã§ã®ãžãªãŒã«ãšãé žè§Šåªã®äžã§åå¿ãããã
ãšã«ãã€ãŠç°ç¶ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãåŸãããšãå ±åãã
ãŠãããè©²å ±åã«ãããšãã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ããããšãª
ã¯ã¿ã¡ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«åã³ãã«ã¡ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³
ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿çæç©ã¯ãç²çš ã§ãèžçäžå¯èœãªã·
ãããã§ããããããã¯ç·ç¶ã®ããªããŒã§ããã
ãšæ³åããããšèšèŒãããŠããããã¹ãŠã®å Žåã«
ãããŠãåžéå€ããã€ããçšããªãã§è§Šåªéã®ç¡«
é žã®ååšäžã§åå¿äœãå ç±ããŠãããåèšã®èè
ãã¯ãããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãåžé±é žã®ååšäžã§ããã«
å æ°Žå解ãã察å¿ã¢ã«ãããåã³äºå®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³
ãŒã«ãçãããšå ±ããŠããã ã«ãã¶ãŒã¹ïŒCarothersïŒã®ç±³åœç¹èš±2071252
å·æ现æžã«ã¯ãããçš®ã®äºå®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã
æ¯èŒçäœååéã®åå®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã³çš®ã ã®
ã¢ã«ãããããèªå°ãããã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãšãåå¿ã
ããŠç·ç¶ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ã補é ããããšãé瀺ã
ããŠãããåå¿ã¯åå¿æ··åç©ã®æ²žç¹ã§è¡ãããã
ããŠåå¿ã®å¯çç©ãšããŠçããäœååéã®ã¢ã«ã³
ãŒã«ã¯èžçã«ãã€ãŠçµ¶ããé€å»ãããããŸããã®
æç®ã¯ãææã®ã¢ã«ããããåå®èœæ§åã³äºå®èœ
æ§ã®åã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãããã«é©åœãªè§Šåªãå«ãæ··å
ç©ãå ç±ããããšã«ãããæåã®ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãã
ã®å Žã§è£œé ãããå Žåããããšæ瀺ããŠãããè¥
å¹²ã®ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãäŸãã°ïŒïŒ10âãã«ã³ãžãª
ãŒã«ãšãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããããèªå°ããããã®ã¯ã
100âæªæºã®èç¹ã瀺ãåºåœ¢ç©è³ªã§ãããããã
ã®ç©è³ªè³ªãååèžçåšå ã§ããã«éåããããšã
æ®æž£ãšããŠç¹ç¶åœ¢æç©è³ªãåŸããããããŠçåºç©
ã®ãã¡ãééã§æé«50ïŒ ãŸã§ã®ãã®ã¯ç°ç¶ãã€ã
ãŒã§ãã€ãŠããã®ãã®ã¯æåã®åå¿æ··åç©ãè¥å¹²
å解ããŠçãããã®ããããšå ±åãããŠãããã
ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãçŸåŸã«ãããŠåå¿æ··åç©ããèžçãã
å¿ èŠã®ããåå®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã䜿çšããªããŠã¯
ãªããªãã®ã§æãŸããæ¹æ³ãšã¯ãããªãããã
ããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãèžçããã«ã¯åå¿æ··åç©ã沞ç¹
ãŸã§å ç±ããã°ãªãããããªãã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒåºè²»
ãäœåãªãããããæçµéååå¿ã®çæç©ã¯ç²çš
ãªæ¶²äœã§ããããåã¯åºäœã§ãã€ãŠããããã«ã
ãåå¿å®¹åšããååºããŠç²Ÿè£œãããé£ãããç¹ã«
åæ¥çèŠæš¡ã®éã®åå¿äœãçšããå Žåã«ã¯ããã
é¡èã§ããã ã³ãŒãšã³ïŒCohenïŒãã«ããç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬
2963464å·æ现æžã«ã¯ããã³ã¿ãšãªããªããŒã«å
ã³ïŒåã¯ïŒãžãã³ã¿ãšãªããªããŒã«ãšäºå®èœæ§ã¢
ã«ããããšãåå¿ãããŠããªã¹ãã©ã³ã圢æãã
åå¿ãé瀺ãããŠããããã®åå¿ã¯é žæ§è§Šåªãšã
åå¿äœã®ãã¡ã®å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã«å¯Ÿãã溶å€ã§ã
ãäžæŽ»æ§æ¶²äœãšã®ååšäžã§å®æœãããããã®ç¹èš±
ã®å®æœäŸã®äžã€ã«ã¯ãããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é žã觊åªãšããŠçšãã沞隰氎äžã«ãããŠãã³ã¿ãš
ãªããªããŒã«ãšã°ã«ã¿ã«ã¢ã«ããããšãåå¿ãã
ãŠåŸãããçæç©ãèšèŒãããŠããããã®çæç©
ã¯ã300âæªæºã§ã¯æº¶èãããã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ç°æ§äœ
ã®æ··åç©ã«æº¶è§£ãããããŠæ°Žåã³è©Šéšãããã¹ãŠ
ã®éåžžã®éããšããŒã«ç³»ææ©æº¶å€ã«äžæº¶æ§ã®åºäœ
ã§ãããšå ±åãããŠããããã®ãããªçæç©ã¯ã
ããšããŒã«ç³»æº¶å€äžã®æº¶æ¶²ãšããå Žå以å€ã«ã¯åŠ
çããããšãã§ããªãã®ã§ãåçšçãªäŸ¡å€ãæ¯èŒ
çå°ãªããããããšããŒã«é¡åã³ãããã®èªå°äœ
ã®ãã¡ã®ãããã®ã¯ãèæ°ãæ®çºæ§ãæ¯æ§ã®ãã
ããšãåã³é žåå®å®åºŠãããå£ãããšãåå ãšãª
ã€ãŠã溶å€ãšããŠã¯å¥œãŸãããªããç°å¢æ±æ床ã
èŠå®ã®æ°Žæºã«æããããšããçŸè¡æ³èŠã®äžã§ã¯ã
溶å€ãšããŠããšããŒã«åã¯ç°æ§ã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãçšã
ãŠå¡ç¶ããªããŒãé 圢ç©åã«å€ããããããªããŒ
ãå¡æã«é åããããšã¯ããããŠå°é£ã§ãããã æ¬çºæã®äžã€ã®ç®çã¯ãæçšãªååéãæãã
ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®åçšçã«å¯èœ
ãªè£œé æ³ãæäŸããããšã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ç¬¬äºã®ç®çã¯ãçš®ã ã®æçµçšéã«å®¹æ
ã«äœ¿ããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«çµæç©
ãæäŸãããããææ©æº¶å€ã®äœ¿çšã«äŒŽãæœåšçãª
ç°å¢æ±æåé¡ãåé¿ããããšã§ããã ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã¯ã±ã¿ãŒã«ã圢æããããã®åå®
èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšã®éã®åå¿
ã«ã¯ãæ¹çšåŒïŒ 2ROHïŒRâ²Râ³CïŒïŒ¯Râ²Râ³CïŒORïŒ2ïŒH2O ã§è¡šããããšã®ã§ãã平衡ç¶æ ã®å å«ãããããš
ã¯å ¬ç¥ã§ããã äžèšã®æ¹çšåŒäžãåã³Râ²ã¯ãããã«ã«ãã«
åºã§ããããããŠRâ³ã¯æ°ŽçŽ åã¯ãããã«ã«ãã«
åºã§ãããåå¿æ··åç©ã®æ¶²çžããïŒçš®é¡ã®åå¿ç
æç©ã®ãã¡ã®å°ãªããšãäžæ¹ãé€å»ããããšãã
ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã¯ã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®å æ°Žå解ãç¹ã«é žæ§åª
質äžã®å æ°Žå解ãé²ãããã®å¿ é æ¡ä»¶ã§ãããšåŸ
æ¥æè¡ã¯æ瀺ããŠããããã®æ¡ä»¶ã¯ããªããŒæ§å
åç©ã®è£œé ã«ãé©çšãããå¯äžã®çžéç¹ã¯åèšæ¹
çšåŒäžROHã§è¡šããããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãå€å®èœæ§
ã§ããããšã®ã¿ã§ããã åŸæ¥ææ³ã§ããå¡ç¶éåæ³ã«ããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒ
ã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé ã«ä»éããæ¬ ç¹ã¯ãåš
å²æž©åºŠã«ãããŠæ¶²äœåã¯ååºäœã§ããçæç©ã«ã
ã€ãŠç€ºãããé«ç²åºŠã«èµ·å ããŠããããã®çæç©
ã®èŒžéåã³åŠçãå°é£ãªããšã§ãããåºåœ¢ã®çæ
ç©ã¯ãåå¿åšãããããååºãã®ã«æ©æ¢°çåŠçã«
ãã€ãŠå€§ããªå¡ãã解ç ããªããŠã¯ãªããªãã 溶èåã¯å¯æº¶åããã圢æ ã«ããããæ¯èŒçé«
ååéã®ããªããŒã補é åã³å å·¥ããéã«ä»éã
ãåé¡ãé¿ããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãä¹³åéåæ³ãšããŠ
ç¥ãããæ¹æ³ãæ¡çšãã觊åªã®ã»ãã«éåžžçé¢æŽ»
æ§å€ãå«ãæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžã«ãããŠãïŒçš®åã¯ãã以
äžã®ã¢ãããŒãåå¿ãããããšã§ãããæçµããª
ããŒã¯ãæã«ã¯æ°Žã®ç²åºŠã«è¿ããããªæ¯èŒçäœç²
床ã瀺ãæ°Žæ§ã®ãšãã«ãžãšã³åã¯ã©ããã¯ã¹ãšã
ãŠåŸããããé£ç¶çžãšããŠæ°ŽãçšããåŸæ¥ã®ä¹³å
éåæ³ã¯ãææ©éé žåç©ã®ãããªéé¢ã©ãžã«ã«æº
æ³ç©è³ªã®ååšäžã«ããããšãã¬ã³ç¶äžé£œåååç©
ã®éåã«ãã€ã±ãçšãããããšãã€ãŠãéèšã§ã¯
ãªããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã¯å æ°Žå
解ããããã®ã§ãäžè¬çã«ã¯ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³
ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé ãç¹ã«åå®èœæ§ã®ã¢ã«ããã
åã¯ã±ãã³ããèªå°ãããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ã
ãªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé çšã«ãæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžã§ã®ä¹³åéå
æ³ãå®çšçãªæ段ãšãªããããšã¯åŸæ¥èããããª
ãã€ãããšã§ããã çé¢éåæ³ã«ãã€ãŠãããçš®ã®ã¿ã€ãã®çž®åã
ãªããŒãç¹å®çã«ã¯ããªã¢ããã補é ããããšã¯
å ¬ç¥ã§ããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ãå¯æº¶ååã¯ä¹³å
ãããžã¢ãã³ãäŸãã°é垞察å¿ãããããªãŠã å¡©
ã®åœ¢ã®ãããµã¡ãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ãå«ãŸããŠããæ°Ž
æ§çžãšãå¯æº¶åããããžã¢ã·ã«ãã©ã€ããäŸãã°
ã»ãã³ã€ã«ãžã¯ãã©ã€ããå«ãŸããŠããã¡ãã¬ã³
ã¯ãã©ã€ãã®ãããªæ°Žã«éæ··åæ§ã®ææ©æ¶²äœãšã
çµåãããæ¯èŒçäœã枩床ã«ãããŠãæ¥éãªãã
ããŠå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯ç¬éçãªåºåœ¢ããªããŒã®åœ¢æ
ãäºã€ã®æ¶²å±€ã®çé¢ã§èµ·ãããããåå¿ãå®çµã
ããããšãããªãã°ãåå¿æ··åç©ãæ¹æããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠããªããŒã絶ããçé¢é åããé€å»ãã
ããåã¯åå¿ã®é²è¡ã«åãããŠããªããŒãçé¢é
åããååããªããŠã¯ãªããªãã ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã¯ã¢ãã³ãšã¢ã·ã«ãã©ã€ããšã®å
å¿ã«èŒã¹å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã«ã«ããã«ååç©
ãšã®åå¿ã®é床ãããªãé ããããçé¢éåæ³ã
ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé ã«çšãã
ããããšã¯åŸæ¥ãªãã€ããã¢ã·ã«ãã©ã€ãã¯ãã
ããŠæ¥éã«åå¿ããã®ã§è§Šåªãå¿ èŠãšããªããã
ãã«å¯Ÿããã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšå€äŸ¡ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãš
ã®åå¿ã«ã¯ãæå¹ãªåå¿é床ãéæããããã®è§Š
åªãå¿ èŠã§ããã ããªã¢ããã®åœ¢æã«çšãããããããªçé¢éå
æ³ãããŸãä¹³åéåæ³ãå ±ã«æ°Žæ§çžãçšããã®
ã§ããã®æ¯èŒçå€éã®æ°Žã«ãããç¹ã«é žæ§è§Šåªã®
ååšäžã«ãããŠã¯ã¢ã«ãããâã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åå¿ã®
平衡ç¶æ ãç ŽãããŠã圢æãããå¯æº¶æ§ã®ããªã¢
ã»ã¿ãŒã«ããã¹ãŠå¯Ÿå¿ããå€å®èœæ§ã®ã¢ã«ããã
ãšã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã«å æ°Žå解ãããããã«ãªããšäº
æ³ããããåŸã€ãŠãåå¿åªè³ªäžã«ããããªããã§
ãå¯æº¶æ§ã§ãããåçšçã«æçšãªããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«
ã®è£œé æ段ãšããŠããããã®éåæ³ãçšããããš
ã«ã€ããŠã¯ããããç¥ãããŠããªãã é©ãã¹ãããšã«ã¯ãïŒåååœãã®å¹³åå埩åäœ
æ°ã20åã¯ãã以äžã«éããã»ã©å€ãããªã¢ã»ã¿
ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ããç¹å®ã®éçž®åçšè§Šåªã®
ååšäžã«ãããæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžã®ä¹³åéåã«ãã補é
ã§ããããšãä»åèŠãã ãããã®ã§ããã ç¹å®ã®éçž®åçšè§Šåªã®ååšäžã«ãããŠãïŒïŒä¹³
åããã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãåã¯ã«ã«ããã«ååç©
ãšæ°Žã«å¯æº¶æ§ã®åå®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿çæ
ç©ããïŒïŒä¹³åããå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãåã¯ã
ã®å æ°Žå解æ§ãšã¹ãã«ãšåå¿ãããŠãæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäž
ã§ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã補é ããæ¹
æ³ãæ¬çºæã«ãã€ãŠæäŸãããã æ¬çºæã«ããã ïŒïŒ æ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžã«ãããŠã (a) å°ãªããšãïŒåã®ççŽ ååãšãïŒåããã
ã¯ãã以äžã®ããããã·ã«åºåã¯åŒRCOOâ
ïŒåŒäžã®ïŒ²ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«ã§ãã€ãŠãïŒãïŒåã®
ççŽ ååãå«ããã®ãšããïŒãæããïŒåã
ããã¯ãã以äžã®ãšã¹ãã«åããããããã
ã·ã«åºãšãå«ã¿ãããããã·ã«åºåã¯ãšã¹ã
ã«åãããããããã·ã«åºãèèªæåã¯ç°è
èªæççŽ ååã«çµåããŠããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®
ã®è©Šè¬ã (b) å°ãªããšãïŒåã®ççŽ ååãå«ãå°ãªããš
ãïŒçš®ã®ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãåã¯è©²ã«ã«ãã
ã«ååç©ãšãççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®æ°Žæº¶æ§ã§åå®èœ
æ§ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿çæç©ïŒãã ãã該
ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã¯ãåå®èœæ§åã³å€å®èœæ§
ã¢ã«ããããšãåå®èœæ§åã³å€å®èœæ§ã±ãã³
ãšãããªã矀ããéžã°ãããããã«ã«ããã«
ååç©ã®ã«ã«ããã«åºã¯ãèèªæåã¯ç°èèª
æã®ççŽ ååã«çµåããŠãããã®ãšããïŒã
åã³ (c) (a)ãš(b)ãšã®åå¿é床ãä¿é²ãããã®ã«æå¹
ãªéã®å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®éçž®åçšè§Šåªã ãããªãæ··åç©ãä¹³åããããã㊠ïŒïŒ ãã®åŸã§ãææã®çæç©ãåŸããããŸã§(a)
ãš(b)ãšãåå¿ãããã äžèšè«žå·¥çšãããªãããšãç¹åŸŽãšãããä¹³åé
åã«ãã€ãŠããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã補
é ããæ¹æ³ãæäŸãããã ãŸããåè¿°ããæ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ãããããªã¢
ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ãæ¬çºæã«ãã€ãŠæäŸ
ãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ãå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®ä¹³å
ããå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãåã¯æ°Žæº¶æ§ã«ã«ãã³é ž
ããèªå°ããããã®ãšã¹ãã«ãšãå°ãªããšãïŒçš®
ã®ä¹³åããã¢ãã«ã«ããã«ååç©åã³ïŒåã¯ïŒå°
ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®ãžã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšãåå¿ãã
ããã¢ãâåã¯ãžã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã«ä»£ããŠãã«
ã«ããã«ååç©ãšæ°Žæº¶æ§ã®åå®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãš
ã®åå¿çæç©ãçšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããª
ã±ã¿ãŒã«ã圢æããã®ã«åå¿ããããå€å®èœæ§ã¢
ã«ã³ãŒã«ã¯ãå°ãªããšãïŒåã®ççŽ ååãšãïŒå
ãããã¯ãã以äžã®ããããã·ã«åºãåã¯ãšã¹ã
ã«ã®é žéšåã氎溶æ§ã®åå®èœæ§ã«ã«ãã³é žããèª
å°ããããã®ã§ãããïŒåãããã¯ãã以äžã®å
æ°Žå解ããããšã¹ãã«åãããããããã·ã«åºãš
ãå«ããççŽ ååã®æ°ãïŒåãããå°ãªãã¢ã«ã³
ãŒã«ã¯ãæ¯èŒçæ°Žã«äžæº¶æ§ã®ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã®
ååšäžã«ãããŠãæ°Žã«æº¶è§£ãããããšãã«ã·ãšã³
ã圢æã§ããªãããšãèŠãã ãããã ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšåå¿ãããã®ã«çšãããã
ååç©åã¯ããªããŒã®ããããã·ã«åºã¯ãæªåå¿
ã®åœ¢ã§æåããå«ãŸããŠããŠãããããåã¯é ¢é ž
ã®ãããªåå®èœæ§ã§æ°Žæº¶æ§ã®ã«ã«ãã³é žã§ãšã¹ã
ã«åãããŠããŠãããããšã¹ãã«ã¯ãæ¬çºæã®ã
ãªããŒã®è£œé ã«çšããããæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžããšããã
觊åªéã®é žæ§åã¯å¡©åºæ§ç©è³ªãåå¿æ··åç©äžã«å
åšããæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžã«ãããŠã¯å®¹æã«å æ°Žå解ãã
ããç¡«é žåã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã®ãããªåŒ·é žã¯ãæ¬çºæ
ã«ããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«è£œé ã«æ
å¹ãªè§Šåªã§ãããããå€å®èœæ§ããããã·ã«åå
ç©ããšã¹ãã«ã®åœ¢ãäŸãã°ããªé ¢é žããã«ã®åœ¢ã§
åå¿æ··åç©ã«å ããéã«ã¯ãããã®è§Šåªãçšãã
ã®ãæãŸãããå¥æ³ãšããŠãå¡©åºæ§ã®æ°Žæ§åªè³ªã
äŸãã°åžæ°Žé žåãããªãŠã 氎溶液äžã§ãšã¹ãã«ã
å æ°Žå解ãããããšãã§ããããã®å¡©åºã¯ãååŠ
éè«çã«éå°ãªéã®æ¬çºæã®é žè§Šåªã®ïŒçš®ãäŸã
ã°ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žåã¯ä»ã®é©åœãªé ž
ã«ãã€ãŠåŸã§äžåãããã å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã¯ãåŒHOR1OHïŒåŒäžã
R1ã¯ççŽ æ°ãïŒãããã¯ãã以äžã®ãããã«ã«
ãã¬ã³ãåã¯é£çµåºã«ãã€ãŠçµåãããå°ãªããš
ãïŒåã®ãããã«ã«ãã¬ã³åºãããªãç³»åãè¡šã
ãïŒã§è¡šããããšãã§ããã奜ãŸããé£çµåºã«å
å«ããããã®ã¯
ãåŒãââã
ãåŒãåã³
ãåŒãã§ãããR1åºã¯èèªæåã¯
ç°èèªæççŽ ååãä»ããŠåŒäžã«ç€ºãïŒåã®ãã
ããã·ã«åºã«çµåããŠããã åèšã®åŒã«ç€ºãããïŒåã®ããããã·ã«åºã«å
ããR1ã¯æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«
åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã補é ããã®ã«çšããããæ¡ä»¶
äžã§åå¿æ§åã¯éåå¿æ§ã®ä»å çãªããããã·ã«
åºåã³ïŒåã¯ïŒä»ã®çœ®æåºãïŒååã¯ãã以äžå«
ãããšãã§ãããäžæŽ»æ§ãªçœ®æåºã«ã¯ããããã
ããããããã«ã«ãã«åã³ããªãããã«ã«ãã«ãª
ãã·ãå å«ãããããã眮æåºã¯ã¯ãããããã¢
åã¯ãšãŒãã§ãã€ãŠããã æœåšçã«åå¿æ§ã®çœ®æåºã«ã¯ãã«ã«ããã·ïŒâ
COOHïŒãããããã·ã«ãéé¢åã¯å°éãããã€
ãœã·ã¢ããïŒâïŒïŒ£ïŒïŒ¯ïŒãåã³ã¢ããååºã
å å«ããããè©Šè¬ã®ååŠéè«åã³ä¹³åéåäžã®å
å¿æ¡ä»¶ã«ãã€ãŠã¯ãäžã€ã®ããªããŒååäžã®åå¿
æ§çœ®æåºããéåã®éçšäžã«é£æ¥ããªããŒäžã®åº
ãšåå¿ããŠãããçš®ã®è¢«èŠçšéã«ææããããã
ããã«æ¶æ©ãããæ§é ã圢æããã ãããã¯ãŸããæœåšçã«åå¿æ§ã®åºãéåéçš
ãéããŠãã®ãŸãŸæ®åããŠãããããã®åºã¯ãåŸ
ã§é©åœãªå€å®èœæ§è©Šè¬ãäŸãã°ã¡ã©ãã³åã¯ãã®
èªå°äœãšåå¿ããããçš®ã®æçµçšéãäŸãã°æº¶å€
æµææ§ãæãã被èŠã«ææãããæ¶æ©ããªããŒæ§
é ã圢æããã æ¬çºæã®ããã«ç矩ã®æ æ§ã«ãããŠã¯ãR1ã¯
ïœïŒççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®é眮æãããã¯çœ®æã¢ã«ãã¬
ã³ãïœïŒççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®é眮æãããã¯çœ®æã¢ã«
ã±ãã¬ã³ãïœïŒççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®é眮æãããã¯çœ®
æã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãïœïŒâCnH2nDCoH2oâïŒåŒ
äžãã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®ã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãè¡šã
ããããããã¯ã¢ãªãŒã¬ã³ãè¡šããããããŠïœå
ã³ïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ããããããå¥åã«éžã°ã
ãïŒãå㯠ïŒåŒäžãR2ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã§ã
ããR3ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãããã«ã«ãã¬ã³ã§ã
ãããããŠïœã¯ïŒã20ã®æŽæ°ã§ããïŒãè¡šããã æ¬çºæã®å¥œãŸããæ æ§ã«ãããŠã¯ãR1ã¯ççŽ
æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã
ããã·ã«åºã«çµåããŠããã åèšã®åŒã«ç€ºãããïŒåã®ããããã·ã«åºã«å
ããR1ã¯æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«
åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã補é ããã®ã«çšããããæ¡ä»¶
äžã§åå¿æ§åã¯éåå¿æ§ã®ä»å çãªããããã·ã«
åºåã³ïŒåã¯ïŒä»ã®çœ®æåºãïŒååã¯ãã以äžå«
ãããšãã§ãããäžæŽ»æ§ãªçœ®æåºã«ã¯ããããã
ããããããã«ã«ãã«åã³ããªãããã«ã«ãã«ãª
ãã·ãå å«ãããããã眮æåºã¯ã¯ãããããã¢
åã¯ãšãŒãã§ãã€ãŠããã æœåšçã«åå¿æ§ã®çœ®æåºã«ã¯ãã«ã«ããã·ïŒâ
COOHïŒãããããã·ã«ãéé¢åã¯å°éãããã€
ãœã·ã¢ããïŒâïŒïŒ£ïŒïŒ¯ïŒãåã³ã¢ããååºã
å å«ããããè©Šè¬ã®ååŠéè«åã³ä¹³åéåäžã®å
å¿æ¡ä»¶ã«ãã€ãŠã¯ãäžã€ã®ããªããŒååäžã®åå¿
æ§çœ®æåºããéåã®éçšäžã«é£æ¥ããªããŒäžã®åº
ãšåå¿ããŠãããçš®ã®è¢«èŠçšéã«ææããããã
ããã«æ¶æ©ãããæ§é ã圢æããã ãããã¯ãŸããæœåšçã«åå¿æ§ã®åºãéåéçš
ãéããŠãã®ãŸãŸæ®åããŠãããããã®åºã¯ãåŸ
ã§é©åœãªå€å®èœæ§è©Šè¬ãäŸãã°ã¡ã©ãã³åã¯ãã®
èªå°äœãšåå¿ããããçš®ã®æçµçšéãäŸãã°æº¶å€
æµææ§ãæãã被èŠã«ææãããæ¶æ©ããªããŒæ§
é ã圢æããã æ¬çºæã®ããã«ç矩ã®æ æ§ã«ãããŠã¯ãR1ã¯
ïœïŒççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®é眮æãããã¯çœ®æã¢ã«ãã¬
ã³ãïœïŒççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®é眮æãããã¯çœ®æã¢ã«
ã±ãã¬ã³ãïœïŒççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®é眮æãããã¯çœ®
æã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãïœïŒâCnH2nDCoH2oâïŒåŒ
äžãã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®ã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãè¡šã
ããããããã¯ã¢ãªãŒã¬ã³ãè¡šããããããŠïœå
ã³ïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ããããããå¥åã«éžã°ã
ãïŒãå㯠ïŒåŒäžãR2ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã§ã
ããR3ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãããã«ã«ãã¬ã³ã§ã
ãããããŠïœã¯ïŒã20ã®æŽæ°ã§ããïŒãè¡šããã æ¬çºæã®å¥œãŸããæ æ§ã«ãããŠã¯ãR1ã¯ççŽ
æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã
ãåŒãåã¯
ãåŒã
ïŒåŒäžãR2ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã12ã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã§ã
ããR3ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ãªãŒã¬ã³ãæã奜ãŸããã¯
âåã¯ïœâããªã¬ã³ã§ããããããŠïœã¯åèšãš
å矩ã§ããïŒãè¡šããã è©Šè¬ãã©ãã«ãããã¯ãå ¥æã®å®¹ææ§ãšã³ã¹ã
åã³ïŒåã¯ïŒãããã®è©Šè¬ãçšããä¹³åéåæ³ã§
æçšãªããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ã補é ããããšã®å®¹æããš
ãåºæºã«ããŠéžèãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠåå¿ãããããšã®ã§ãã
å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã®ä»£è¡šçãªãã®ã«ã¯ãïŒïŒïŒ
âãããµã³ãžãªãŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãªã¯ã¿ã³ãžãªãŒ
ã«ãïŒïŒ10âãã«ã³ãžãªãŒã«ãïŒïŒ12âããã«ã³
ãžãªãŒã«ãç°æ§ã·ã¯ããããµã³ãžãªãŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒ
âåã³ïŒïŒïŒâãã¹ïŒããããã·ã¡ãã«ïŒã·ã¯ã
ãããµã³ãïŒïŒïŒâåã³ïŒïŒïŒâãã³ãŒã³ãžã¡ã¿
ããŒã«ããã³ã¿ãšãªããªããŒã«ããžãã³ã¿ãšãªã
ãªããŒã«ããã³ãããŒã«åã³ãœã«ãããŒã«ãå å«
ãããã奜ãŸããå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã«ã¯ïŒïŒ10
âãžã«ã³ãžãªãŒã«ããã³ã¿ãšãªããªããŒã«ãåã³
ã¹ãã¬ã³ãšã¢ãªã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®ãªãªãŽããŒæ§å
å¿çæç©ãå å«ãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšåå¿
ãããéã«ããªããŒæ§ã®ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ã圢æããã
ããªå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã®å¥ã®ã¿ã€ãã¯ãååŠé
è«çã«éå°ãªäºå®èœæ§åã¯å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«
ãšãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿ã§ååŠççµåã圢æãã
äºå®èœæ§åã¯å€å®èœæ§è©Šè¬ãšã®åå¿ã§è£œé ããã
ãªãªãŽããŒæ§ååç©ã§ãããåŸããããªãªãŽããŒ
ã¯ããããã·ã«æ«ç«¯åºãå«ã¿ãåå®èœæ§åã¯å€å®
èœæ§ã®ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšçŸåŸã«ãããŠåå¿ã
ãããã®ã¿ã€ãã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã®å¥œãŸããæ æ§ã«ã
ããŠã¯ããžã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒããååŠéè«çã«éå°ã®
ãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãšåå¿ããããåŸããããã
ããã·ã«âæ«ç«¯åæ¢ãªãªãŽããŒã¯å éšãŠã¬ã¿ã³çµ
å ãå«ã¿ããããŠçŸåŸã«ãããŠååŠéè«çãªéã®ã¢
ã«ããããäŸãã°ç°æ§ããã¿ã¢ã«ãããã®ãã¡ã®
ä»»æã®ãã®ãåã¯ã±ãã³ãäŸãã°ïŒïŒïŒâãã³ã¿
ã³ãžãªã³ãåã³éçž®åçšè§Šåªãšå ±ã«ä¹³åãããã
次ãã§åŸãããçµæç©ãæ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠå
å¿ãããããšã«ããããŠã¬ã¿ã³ã§å€æ§ãããããª
ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã¯ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ãåŸãã æ¬çºæã«ããä¹³åéåã«ã氎溶æ§ã§éä¹³åæ§ã®
å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã¯ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãçšã
ãããšãææããããšãã«ããäºå圢æããããª
ãªãŽããŒãçšããããšãã§ããããã®ãããªå Žå
ã«ã¯ã氎溶æ§ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã¯ã«ã«ããã«ååç©
ãé©åœãªè©Šè¬ãšåå¿ãããïŒåååœãå¹³åçŽïŒã
ïŒåã®å埩åäœãå«ãŸããŠããäœååéã§ä¹³åå¯
èœãªããããã·ã«âæ«ç«¯åæ¢ãªãªãŽããŒã圢æã
ãã次ãã§ãã®ãªãªãŽããŒãåäžåã¯å€å®èœæ§ã®
ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšå ±ã«ä¹³åãããŠããæ¬çºæã®
æ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠåå¿ãããã ïŒåååœãå°ãªããšãïŒåã®åŽéåã³ïŒåã¯ïŒ
æ«ç«¯ããããã·ã«åºãããã¯å æ°Žå解å¯èœãšã¹ã
ã«åºãå«ãããªããŒã¯ãä¹³åã§ãããã®ã§ããé
ããæ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ãçšããŠããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ã
ãªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã補é ããã®ã«å©çšã§ãããä¹³åãã
ãããªããŒã®å¥œãŸããéšé¡ã¯ããšã¹ãã«ã®é žéšå
ãïŒãïŒåã®ççŽ ååãå«ããäŸãã°ããªé ¢é žã
ãã«ã®ãããªããªïŒããã«ã«ã«ããã·ã¬ãŒãïŒã§
ããããããã®ããã«ã«ã«ããã·ã¬ãŒããšä»ã®ãš
ãã¬ã³ç¶äžé£œåååç©ãäŸãã°ãšãã¬ã³åã³ã¹ã
ã¬ã³ãšã®ã³ããªããŒã奜é©ã§ããããšã¹ãã«åº
ã¯ãæ¬çºæã®é žæ§éçž®åçšè§Šåªã®äžã€ã®ååšäžã«
ãããæ°Žæ§åå¿åªè³ªäžã§å®¹æã«å æ°Žå解ãèµ·ã
ããå æ°Žå解ããåŸã®ããªããŒã¯è€æ°åã®ããã
ãã·ã«åºãå«ã¿ããããŠã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã®åå
åãïŒåã®ããããã·ã«åºãšåå¿ãããé¢ä¿äžã
åå¿æ··åç©äžã«å«ãŸããä¹³åç¶æ ã®ã¢ã«ãããå
ã¯ã±ãã³ãšè©²ããªããŒãšãåå¿ããŠæ¶æ©æ§é ã圢
æãããè¥å¹²ã®å Žåã«ã¯ããã®æ¶æ©åå¿çæç©ã
æ°ŽãèžçºãããåŸã«åéæ§ã§æ¥çæ§ã®ãã€ã«ã ã
圢æãããšãã«ã·ãšã³ãšããŠååšãããåŸããã
ãã€ã«ã ã¯æ°Žåã¯æ®éã®ææ©æº¶å€äžã«æº¶è§£ããã
ãšããªããã°ãŸãåæ£ããããšããªããæ¶æ©ããª
ããŒã«ç¹æã®åŒŸåæ§ã瀺ãããã®åŒŸåæ§ã¯æåã®
ããªïŒããã«ã«ã«ããã·ã¬ãŒãïŒãã補é ããã
ã€ã«ã ã«ã¯èŠãããªãæ§èœã§ããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸãå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšåå¿
ããŠããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã圢æãã
ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã«ã¯ãåäžåã³å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã
ãããåäžåã³å€å®èœæ§ã±ãã³ããªãã³ã«ããã
ã®ã¢ã«ãããåã³ã±ãã³ãšççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®æ°Žæº¶æ§
ã§åå®èœæ§ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿çæç©ãå å«ã
ãããå žåçãªæ°Žæº¶æ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã«ã¯ã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«ããšã¿ããŒã«åã³ç°æ§ãããããŒã«ãå«ãŸã
ãã åè¿°ããã¢ã«ãããåã³ã±ãã³ã¯ãåŒR4R5CïŒ
åã³ ã§è¡šããããšãã§ããããããã®åŒäžãR4ã¯ã
ããã«ã«ãã«åã¯çœ®æãããã«ã«ãã«ã§ããã
R5ãR6åã³R8ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ããããã«ã«ãã«åã¯çœ®æ
ãããã«ã«ãã«ã§ãããR7ã¯ãããã«ã«ãã¬ã³
ã§ããããããŠïœã¯ïŒåã¯ãããã倧ããå€ãæ
ããæŽæ°ã§ãããããã¹ãŠã®ã«ã«ããã«åºã¯èèª
æåã¯ç°èèªæççŽ ååã«çµåãããããŠãã¹ãŠ
ã®ã¢ã«ãããåã³ã±ãã³ã«ã¯ïŒååã¯ãã以äžã®
ççŽ ååãå«ãŸãããã®ãšããã R4ãR5ãR6åã³R8äžã«ååšããã眮æåºã¯ã
åæ²ã®åŒäžR1ã«ãã€ãŠè¡šããããå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«
ã³ãŒã«ã®ãããã«ã«ãã¬ã³åºãå®çŸ©ããéã«èšèŒ
ãããã®ãšåãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ç矩ã®æ æ§ã«ãããŠã¯ãR4ã¯ççŽ æ°
ïŒã20ã®é眮æãããã¯çœ®æã¢ã«ãã«ãççŽ æ°ïŒ
ã20ã®é眮æãããã¯çœ®æã¢ã«ã±ãã«ãåã¯ççŽ
æ°ïŒãïŒã®é眮æãããã¯çœ®æã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«ã§
ãããR5ãR6åã³R8ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ãåã¯R4ãšåã矀ã
ãéžã°ããåºã§ããããããŠR7ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20
ã®é眮æåã¯çœ®æã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãè¡šããããã¢ã«ã
ããåã¯ã±ãã³ã¯ããããå°ãªããšãïŒåã®ççŽ
ååãå«ããã®ã§ãªããŠã¯ãªããªãã R4ãR5ãR6åã³R8ã«ã€ããŠã®åèšå®çŸ©ã«ãã
ãŠãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã¯ããããïŒïŒïŒâåã¯
ïŒïŒïŒâã·ã¯ãããã·ã¬ã³ã§ããã®ãæãŸããã 奜ãŸããæ æ§ã«ãããŠã¯ãïœã¯ïŒã§ãããR4
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢
ã«ã±ãã«ã§ããããR5ãæ°ŽçŽ ååãè¡šãããšã
ã®R4ã®ççŽ æ°ã¯ïŒåã¯ãã以äžã§ãããèŠãã
R5ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ã§ããããåã¯R4ãšåã矀ããéžã°ãã
ãããŠR6åã³R8ããããã«ã«ãã«åã¯çœ®æãã
ãã«ã«ãã«ã§ãããšãã®R7ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢
ã«ãã¬ã³ã§ããã R4ãççŽ æ°ïŒã12ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ãè¡šããããã
ãŠR7ãççŽ æ°ïŒã12ã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã§ããã®ãæ
ãæãŸããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠä¹³åå¯èœãªå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«
ã³ãŒã«ãšçŽæ¥åå¿ããã代衚çãªä¹³åæ§ã¢ã«ãã
ãã¯ãïŒååã¯ãã以äžã®ã«ã«ããã«åºãïŒåã
ã12ååã¯ãã以äžã®ççŽ ååãå«ããã®ã§ã
ããããã«å å«ããããã®ã«ã¯ãã³ã¿ããŒã«ãã
ããµããŒã«ãããã¿ããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãããµãžãš
ã³âïŒâã¢ãŒã«ããã«ããŒã«ããšã€ã³ãµããŒã«ã
ã·ã¯ããããµããŒã«ããžããšãã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ãã
ããã·ã³ãã ã¢ã«ããããããã«ç°æ§ãããµã³ãž
ã¢ãŒã«ããã«ã³ãžã¢ãŒã«åã³ã·ã¯ããããµã³ãžã¢
ãŒã«ãããã 代衚çãªä¹³åæ§ã±ãã³ã«ã¯ãïŒâåã³ïŒâãã³
ã¿ãã³ãªãã³ã«ççŽ æ°20ãŸã§ã®ç°æ§é«çŽèèªæã±
ãã³ãã·ã¯ããããµãã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãã³ã¿ã³ãžãª
ã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãããµã³ãžãªã³ãïŒïŒïŒâã·ã¯ãã
ããµã³ãžãªã³ãïŒâãšãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«â
ïŒïŒïŒâãªããµãŸãªãžã³ãžãªã³ïŒãšã¿ãžãªã³ïŒå
ã³ä»ã®è€çŽ ç°åŒéè³éŠæã±ãã³ãå å«ãããã æ¬æ现æžã«ãããŠçšããããçšèªããããã«ã«
ãã«ãã¯ãæé«20åãŸã§ã®ççŽ ååãå«ãŸããŠã
ãçåæ°ŽçŽ ååç©ã®éè³éŠæççŽ ååããïŒåã®
æ°ŽçŽ ååãåå»ã€ãŠåŸããããã¹ãŠã®äžäŸ¡ã®åºã
å å«ãããã®ã§ããããšãç解ãã¹ãã§ãããã
ããã«ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ãã«ã®ãšãã«ã¯ãçŽéåã¯
åæéã®ãããã§ãã€ãŠãããã€ãããªãã代衚
çãªã¢ã«ãã«åºã«ã¯ãšããŒã«ããšãã«ãããã
ã«ãïœâããã«ãã€ãœããã«ãã¢ãã«åã³ç°æ§ãž
ãã·ã«ããªã¯ãã«ããã·ã«ãããã·ã«ãªãã³ã«ãª
ã¯ã¿ãã·ã«åºãå«ãŸããããããã«ã«ãã«ãã·ã¯
ãã¢ã«ãã«ã§ããã°ãäŸãã°ã·ã¯ãããã·ã«ãã·
ã¯ããããã«åã¯ã·ã¯ããªã¯ãã«ã§ãã€ãŠããã
ä»ã®å¥œé©ãªãããã«ã«ãã«åºã«ã¯ã
ããR3ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ãªãŒã¬ã³ãæã奜ãŸããã¯
âåã¯ïœâããªã¬ã³ã§ããããããŠïœã¯åèšãš
å矩ã§ããïŒãè¡šããã è©Šè¬ãã©ãã«ãããã¯ãå ¥æã®å®¹ææ§ãšã³ã¹ã
åã³ïŒåã¯ïŒãããã®è©Šè¬ãçšããä¹³åéåæ³ã§
æçšãªããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ã補é ããããšã®å®¹æããš
ãåºæºã«ããŠéžèãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠåå¿ãããããšã®ã§ãã
å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã®ä»£è¡šçãªãã®ã«ã¯ãïŒïŒïŒ
âãããµã³ãžãªãŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãªã¯ã¿ã³ãžãªãŒ
ã«ãïŒïŒ10âãã«ã³ãžãªãŒã«ãïŒïŒ12âããã«ã³
ãžãªãŒã«ãç°æ§ã·ã¯ããããµã³ãžãªãŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒ
âåã³ïŒïŒïŒâãã¹ïŒããããã·ã¡ãã«ïŒã·ã¯ã
ãããµã³ãïŒïŒïŒâåã³ïŒïŒïŒâãã³ãŒã³ãžã¡ã¿
ããŒã«ããã³ã¿ãšãªããªããŒã«ããžãã³ã¿ãšãªã
ãªããŒã«ããã³ãããŒã«åã³ãœã«ãããŒã«ãå å«
ãããã奜ãŸããå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã«ã¯ïŒïŒ10
âãžã«ã³ãžãªãŒã«ããã³ã¿ãšãªããªããŒã«ãåã³
ã¹ãã¬ã³ãšã¢ãªã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®ãªãªãŽããŒæ§å
å¿çæç©ãå å«ãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšåå¿
ãããéã«ããªããŒæ§ã®ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ã圢æããã
ããªå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã®å¥ã®ã¿ã€ãã¯ãååŠé
è«çã«éå°ãªäºå®èœæ§åã¯å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«
ãšãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿ã§ååŠççµåã圢æãã
äºå®èœæ§åã¯å€å®èœæ§è©Šè¬ãšã®åå¿ã§è£œé ããã
ãªãªãŽããŒæ§ååç©ã§ãããåŸããããªãªãŽããŒ
ã¯ããããã·ã«æ«ç«¯åºãå«ã¿ãåå®èœæ§åã¯å€å®
èœæ§ã®ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšçŸåŸã«ãããŠåå¿ã
ãããã®ã¿ã€ãã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã®å¥œãŸããæ æ§ã«ã
ããŠã¯ããžã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒããååŠéè«çã«éå°ã®
ãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãšåå¿ããããåŸããããã
ããã·ã«âæ«ç«¯åæ¢ãªãªãŽããŒã¯å éšãŠã¬ã¿ã³çµ
å ãå«ã¿ããããŠçŸåŸã«ãããŠååŠéè«çãªéã®ã¢
ã«ããããäŸãã°ç°æ§ããã¿ã¢ã«ãããã®ãã¡ã®
ä»»æã®ãã®ãåã¯ã±ãã³ãäŸãã°ïŒïŒïŒâãã³ã¿
ã³ãžãªã³ãåã³éçž®åçšè§Šåªãšå ±ã«ä¹³åãããã
次ãã§åŸãããçµæç©ãæ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠå
å¿ãããããšã«ããããŠã¬ã¿ã³ã§å€æ§ãããããª
ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã¯ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ãåŸãã æ¬çºæã«ããä¹³åéåã«ã氎溶æ§ã§éä¹³åæ§ã®
å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã¯ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãçšã
ãããšãææããããšãã«ããäºå圢æããããª
ãªãŽããŒãçšããããšãã§ããããã®ãããªå Žå
ã«ã¯ã氎溶æ§ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã¯ã«ã«ããã«ååç©
ãé©åœãªè©Šè¬ãšåå¿ãããïŒåååœãå¹³åçŽïŒã
ïŒåã®å埩åäœãå«ãŸããŠããäœååéã§ä¹³åå¯
èœãªããããã·ã«âæ«ç«¯åæ¢ãªãªãŽããŒã圢æã
ãã次ãã§ãã®ãªãªãŽããŒãåäžåã¯å€å®èœæ§ã®
ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšå ±ã«ä¹³åãããŠããæ¬çºæã®
æ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠåå¿ãããã ïŒåååœãå°ãªããšãïŒåã®åŽéåã³ïŒåã¯ïŒ
æ«ç«¯ããããã·ã«åºãããã¯å æ°Žå解å¯èœãšã¹ã
ã«åºãå«ãããªããŒã¯ãä¹³åã§ãããã®ã§ããé
ããæ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ãçšããŠããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ã
ãªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã補é ããã®ã«å©çšã§ãããä¹³åãã
ãããªããŒã®å¥œãŸããéšé¡ã¯ããšã¹ãã«ã®é žéšå
ãïŒãïŒåã®ççŽ ååãå«ããäŸãã°ããªé ¢é žã
ãã«ã®ãããªããªïŒããã«ã«ã«ããã·ã¬ãŒãïŒã§
ããããããã®ããã«ã«ã«ããã·ã¬ãŒããšä»ã®ãš
ãã¬ã³ç¶äžé£œåååç©ãäŸãã°ãšãã¬ã³åã³ã¹ã
ã¬ã³ãšã®ã³ããªããŒã奜é©ã§ããããšã¹ãã«åº
ã¯ãæ¬çºæã®é žæ§éçž®åçšè§Šåªã®äžã€ã®ååšäžã«
ãããæ°Žæ§åå¿åªè³ªäžã§å®¹æã«å æ°Žå解ãèµ·ã
ããå æ°Žå解ããåŸã®ããªããŒã¯è€æ°åã®ããã
ãã·ã«åºãå«ã¿ããããŠã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã®åå
åãïŒåã®ããããã·ã«åºãšåå¿ãããé¢ä¿äžã
åå¿æ··åç©äžã«å«ãŸããä¹³åç¶æ ã®ã¢ã«ãããå
ã¯ã±ãã³ãšè©²ããªããŒãšãåå¿ããŠæ¶æ©æ§é ã圢
æãããè¥å¹²ã®å Žåã«ã¯ããã®æ¶æ©åå¿çæç©ã
æ°ŽãèžçºãããåŸã«åéæ§ã§æ¥çæ§ã®ãã€ã«ã ã
圢æãããšãã«ã·ãšã³ãšããŠååšãããåŸããã
ãã€ã«ã ã¯æ°Žåã¯æ®éã®ææ©æº¶å€äžã«æº¶è§£ããã
ãšããªããã°ãŸãåæ£ããããšããªããæ¶æ©ããª
ããŒã«ç¹æã®åŒŸåæ§ã瀺ãããã®åŒŸåæ§ã¯æåã®
ããªïŒããã«ã«ã«ããã·ã¬ãŒãïŒãã補é ããã
ã€ã«ã ã«ã¯èŠãããªãæ§èœã§ããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸãå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšåå¿
ããŠããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã圢æãã
ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã«ã¯ãåäžåã³å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã
ãããåäžåã³å€å®èœæ§ã±ãã³ããªãã³ã«ããã
ã®ã¢ã«ãããåã³ã±ãã³ãšççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®æ°Žæº¶æ§
ã§åå®èœæ§ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿çæç©ãå å«ã
ãããå žåçãªæ°Žæº¶æ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã«ã¯ã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«ããšã¿ããŒã«åã³ç°æ§ãããããŒã«ãå«ãŸã
ãã åè¿°ããã¢ã«ãããåã³ã±ãã³ã¯ãåŒR4R5CïŒ
åã³ ã§è¡šããããšãã§ããããããã®åŒäžãR4ã¯ã
ããã«ã«ãã«åã¯çœ®æãããã«ã«ãã«ã§ããã
R5ãR6åã³R8ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ããããã«ã«ãã«åã¯çœ®æ
ãããã«ã«ãã«ã§ãããR7ã¯ãããã«ã«ãã¬ã³
ã§ããããããŠïœã¯ïŒåã¯ãããã倧ããå€ãæ
ããæŽæ°ã§ãããããã¹ãŠã®ã«ã«ããã«åºã¯èèª
æåã¯ç°èèªæççŽ ååã«çµåãããããŠãã¹ãŠ
ã®ã¢ã«ãããåã³ã±ãã³ã«ã¯ïŒååã¯ãã以äžã®
ççŽ ååãå«ãŸãããã®ãšããã R4ãR5ãR6åã³R8äžã«ååšããã眮æåºã¯ã
åæ²ã®åŒäžR1ã«ãã€ãŠè¡šããããå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«
ã³ãŒã«ã®ãããã«ã«ãã¬ã³åºãå®çŸ©ããéã«èšèŒ
ãããã®ãšåãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ç矩ã®æ æ§ã«ãããŠã¯ãR4ã¯ççŽ æ°
ïŒã20ã®é眮æãããã¯çœ®æã¢ã«ãã«ãççŽ æ°ïŒ
ã20ã®é眮æãããã¯çœ®æã¢ã«ã±ãã«ãåã¯ççŽ
æ°ïŒãïŒã®é眮æãããã¯çœ®æã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«ã§
ãããR5ãR6åã³R8ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ãåã¯R4ãšåã矀ã
ãéžã°ããåºã§ããããããŠR7ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20
ã®é眮æåã¯çœ®æã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãè¡šããããã¢ã«ã
ããåã¯ã±ãã³ã¯ããããå°ãªããšãïŒåã®ççŽ
ååãå«ããã®ã§ãªããŠã¯ãªããªãã R4ãR5ãR6åã³R8ã«ã€ããŠã®åèšå®çŸ©ã«ãã
ãŠãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã¯ããããïŒïŒïŒâåã¯
ïŒïŒïŒâã·ã¯ãããã·ã¬ã³ã§ããã®ãæãŸããã 奜ãŸããæ æ§ã«ãããŠã¯ãïœã¯ïŒã§ãããR4
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢
ã«ã±ãã«ã§ããããR5ãæ°ŽçŽ ååãè¡šãããšã
ã®R4ã®ççŽ æ°ã¯ïŒåã¯ãã以äžã§ãããèŠãã
R5ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ã§ããããåã¯R4ãšåã矀ããéžã°ãã
ãããŠR6åã³R8ããããã«ã«ãã«åã¯çœ®æãã
ãã«ã«ãã«ã§ãããšãã®R7ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢
ã«ãã¬ã³ã§ããã R4ãççŽ æ°ïŒã12ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ãè¡šããããã
ãŠR7ãççŽ æ°ïŒã12ã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã§ããã®ãæ
ãæãŸããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠä¹³åå¯èœãªå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«
ã³ãŒã«ãšçŽæ¥åå¿ããã代衚çãªä¹³åæ§ã¢ã«ãã
ãã¯ãïŒååã¯ãã以äžã®ã«ã«ããã«åºãïŒåã
ã12ååã¯ãã以äžã®ççŽ ååãå«ããã®ã§ã
ããããã«å å«ããããã®ã«ã¯ãã³ã¿ããŒã«ãã
ããµããŒã«ãããã¿ããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãããµãžãš
ã³âïŒâã¢ãŒã«ããã«ããŒã«ããšã€ã³ãµããŒã«ã
ã·ã¯ããããµããŒã«ããžããšãã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ãã
ããã·ã³ãã ã¢ã«ããããããã«ç°æ§ãããµã³ãž
ã¢ãŒã«ããã«ã³ãžã¢ãŒã«åã³ã·ã¯ããããµã³ãžã¢
ãŒã«ãããã 代衚çãªä¹³åæ§ã±ãã³ã«ã¯ãïŒâåã³ïŒâãã³
ã¿ãã³ãªãã³ã«ççŽ æ°20ãŸã§ã®ç°æ§é«çŽèèªæã±
ãã³ãã·ã¯ããããµãã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãã³ã¿ã³ãžãª
ã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãããµã³ãžãªã³ãïŒïŒïŒâã·ã¯ãã
ããµã³ãžãªã³ãïŒâãšãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«â
ïŒïŒïŒâãªããµãŸãªãžã³ãžãªã³ïŒãšã¿ãžãªã³ïŒå
ã³ä»ã®è€çŽ ç°åŒéè³éŠæã±ãã³ãå å«ãããã æ¬æ现æžã«ãããŠçšããããçšèªããããã«ã«
ãã«ãã¯ãæé«20åãŸã§ã®ççŽ ååãå«ãŸããŠã
ãçåæ°ŽçŽ ååç©ã®éè³éŠæççŽ ååããïŒåã®
æ°ŽçŽ ååãåå»ã€ãŠåŸããããã¹ãŠã®äžäŸ¡ã®åºã
å å«ãããã®ã§ããããšãç解ãã¹ãã§ãããã
ããã«ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ãã«ã®ãšãã«ã¯ãçŽéåã¯
åæéã®ãããã§ãã€ãŠãããã€ãããªãã代衚
çãªã¢ã«ãã«åºã«ã¯ãšããŒã«ããšãã«ãããã
ã«ãïœâããã«ãã€ãœããã«ãã¢ãã«åã³ç°æ§ãž
ãã·ã«ããªã¯ãã«ããã·ã«ãããã·ã«ãªãã³ã«ãª
ã¯ã¿ãã·ã«åºãå«ãŸããããããã«ã«ãã«ãã·ã¯
ãã¢ã«ãã«ã§ããã°ãäŸãã°ã·ã¯ãããã·ã«ãã·
ã¯ããããã«åã¯ã·ã¯ããªã¯ãã«ã§ãã€ãŠããã
ä»ã®å¥œé©ãªãããã«ã«ãã«åºã«ã¯ã
ãåŒã
ãåŒãåã³
ãåŒããå«ãŸããã
çšèªããããã«ã«ãã¬ã³ãã«ã¯ãããããã«ã«
ãã«ãã«ã€ããŠã®åèšå®çŸ©ã«å å«ããããããã
åºããäºçªç®ã®æ°ŽçŽ ååãåå»ã€ããšãã«åŸãã
ããã¹ãŠã®äºäŸ¡ã®åºãå å«ãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ãïŒïŒåèšã®ã«ã«ããã«
ååç©ãšå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿ãåã³ïŒå
ã¯ïŒïŒïŒããã«å®çŸ©ãããããªã«ã«ããã«ååç©
ã®é©åœãªèªå°äœãšã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿ã¯ãé©åœãª
éçž®åçšè§Šåªã®ååšäžã§è¡ããããé©åœãªè§Šåªã«
ã¯ãåŒ·é žãäŸãã°å¡©é žãç¡«é žãç¡é žåã³çé žãå«
ãŸãããä»ã®é©åœãªéçž®åçšè§Šåªã«ã¯ãã¹ã«ãã³
é žãç¡«é žã®ã¢ãâåã³ãžãšã¹ãã«ãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«æ®
åºã®ççŽ æ°ãå°ãªããšã12ã§ããç¡«é žã¢ããšã¹ã
ã«ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±å¡©ãã¹ã«ãã³é žã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±
å¡©åã³ãšã¹ãã«ããªãã³ã«ïœïŒç¡«é žã®ã¢ãâåã³
ãžãšã¹ãã«ãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«æ®åºã®ççŽ æ°ãå°ãªããš
ã12ã§ããç¡«é žã¢ããšã¹ãã«ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±å¡©å
ã³ã«ããªã³æ§çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšã
ïŒçš®ã®æåãšãïœïŒç¡«é žã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±å¡©ããéž
ã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®æåãšã®æ··åç©ãå å«ã
ããã éçž®åçšè§Šåªã¯ãç¡«é žãå¡©é žãçé žãèèªæå
ã³è³éŠæã¹ã«ãã³é žãç¡«é žã®ã¢ãâåã³ãžãšã¹ã
ã«ãè³éŠæã¹ã«ãã³é žã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±å¡©ãªãã³ã«
ç¡«é žã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±å¡©ãšã«ããªã³æ§çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãš
ã®æ··åç©ãããªã矀ããéžã°ããã®ãæãŸããã åèšã®éšé¡ã«å±ãã奜ãŸããéçž®åçšè§Šåªã«
ã¯ãããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãã©ãŠãªã«æ°ŽçŽ
ã¹ã«ããšãŒããã©ãŠãªã«ç¡«é žãããªãŠã ãïœâã
ãã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ãïœâãã«
ãšã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãã«ãªãã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é žãïŒâã¡ãã«ãããã¬ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãïœâãã
ã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããã·ã«ãžããšãã«ãª
ããµã€ãã¹ã«ãã³é žãå¡©é žãç¡«é žåã³çé žãå å«
ããããç¡«é žã®ãããªé±é žã¯ãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãäŸã
ã°ãããµãã·ã«ããªã¡ãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ïœâãã«
ãšã³ã¹ã«ãããŒãåã¯60093ã€ãªãã€å·ããŒã¹ã
ã€ãŒã«ãã®ã¹ããã³ã»ã±ãã«ã«ç€ŸïŒStepan
Chemical Co.ïŒãããã³ã³ïŒMakon ïŒã®åæš
ã§è²©å£²ãããŠããã¢ã«ãã«ããšããã·ããªãªãã·
ãšãã¬ã³ãšã¿ããŒã«ãšçµåããŠçšããã®ãæãŸã
ãã åžè²©ãããŠãã代衚çãªã¹ã«ãã³é žã«ã¯ãã¡ã¿
ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãã«ãªãã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã
ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é žãããã·ã«ãžããšãã«ãªããµã€ãã¹ã«ãã³é žã
ïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒâãããã¬ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žåã³ïœâ
ãã«ãšã³ã¹ãã³é žãå å«ããããåžè²©ãããŠãã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ã¹ã«ãã³é žå¡©ã¯ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹
ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ã§ããã é©åœãªã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ã«ã¯ã©ãŠãªã«ãã¹ã
ã¢ãªã«ããããµãã·ã«åã³ãšã€ã³ãµãã«ãšã¹ãã«
ãå«ãŸããããããã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¯ïŒåååœãïŒå
åã¯ïŒåã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«æ®åºãå«ã¿ããã åè¿°ããäºæå系觊åªæ··åç©ã®ïŒæåãšããŠçš
ãããã«ããªã³æ§çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã«ã¯ãçªçŽ ã«çµåã
ããããã«ã«ãã«åºã«ïŒååã¯ãã以äžã®ççŽ å
åãå«ãŸãããã€ãååã®ã¢ããªã³éšåãããã
ãã·ã«ã§ããããåã¯ç¡«é žåã¯å¡©é žã®ãããªåŒ·é±
é žããèªå°ããããã®ã§ãã第åã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å
åç©ãå å«ããããã¢ããªã³æ§éšåãã¹ã«ããšãŒ
ãã§ããã®ãæãŸãããåžè²©ã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã«ã€ã
ãŠã¯ã07452ããŠãŒãžã€ãŒãžãŒå·ã°ã¬ã³ããã¯ã®
ãããã¢ã¯ããŠã¢ãªã³ã°ã»ã³ã³ããšã¯ã·ãšããŒã»
ãããªãã·ã³ã°ç€Ÿãããã¯ãããšã³éšéãããŒ
ã¹ã»ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã³ã»ãšãã€ã·ãšã³ãºïŒNorth
American EditionsïŒMcCutcheon DivisionïŒ
Manufacturing Confectioner Publishing Co.ïŒ
ããåºãããããã¯ãããšã³ãº ãã¿ãŒãžãšã³ã
ã¢ã³ã ãšãã«ãžãã¢ã€ã¢ãŒãº
ïŒMcCutcheonâ²s Detergents and EmulsifiersïŒ
ã®1980幎çã«äžèŠ§è¡šãæ²èŒãããŠããã éçž®åçšè§ŠåªãšããŠåèšæ··åç©ã®ãããããçš
ããéã«ã¯ãæå(a)察ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ç¡«é žå¡©ã®éé
æ¯ã¯ãããã1000ïŒïŒããïŒïŒ300ãŸã§ã®ç¯å²å
ãšããããšãã§ããã500ïŒïŒãïŒïŒ100ã®ç¯å²ã
奜ãŸãããïŒïŒïŒãïŒïŒ10ã§ããã®ãæã奜ãŸã
ãã å€ãã®éååå¿ã«ç¹ã«å¥œãŸãã觊åªã¯ãå ¥æã®
容ææ§ã觊åªåã³ä¹³åå®å®å€ãšããŠã®æŽ»æ§åºŠãã
ãã«æçµçæç©ã®ç€ºãæãŸããæ§èœãèæ ®ãããš
ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã§ããã æ¬çºæã®éçž®åçšè§Šåªã¯ãéååå¿ãæå¹ã«è§Š
åªãããããŠææã®æ§èœãçµåããŠæããçæç©
ãåŸããããããªæ¿åºŠæ°Žæºã«ãããŠçšããããã
æäžã®éåã«ã€ããŠã®æé©ãªè§Šåªåã³æ¿åºŠæ°Žæº
ã¯ãåå¿ãããã¢ãããŒã®ã¿ã€ãåã³ææã®æçµ
éå床ãå«ãå€æ°ã®å€æ°ã«å¿ããŠå€åãããéåžž
觊åªã¯ãå šåå¿äœãåºæºã«ããŠ0.01ã30ééïŒ ã®
æ¿åºŠã§å«ãŸããã24æéåã¯ãã以äžã®åå¿æé
ãçµéããåŸã§ææã®éå床ãåŸãããããã«
ã¯ã觊åªæ¿åºŠã0.1ã20ïŒ ãšããã®ã奜ãŸããã
0.5ã10ïŒ ãšããã®ãæã奜ãŸããã ä¹³åéåã«ãã€ãŠããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿
ãŒã«ã補é ããæ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠã¯ãïŒïŒå
è¿°ããåäžåã¯å€å®èœæ§ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãåã¯
ãããã®ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšæ°Žæº¶æ§ã§ããåå®èœ
æ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿çæç©ã®ãã¡ã®å°ãªããšã
ïŒçš®ãïŒïŒåè¿°ããå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãåã¯ã
ã®å æ°Žå解å¯èœãšã¹ãã«ã®ãã¡ã®å°ãªããšãïŒ
çš®ãåã³ïŒïŒå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®ããªéåçšè§Šåªã
ããªãæ··åç©ãæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžã§ä¹³åãããã次ãã§
åŸããããšãã«ã·ãšã³ãããšãã«ã·ãšã³ã®ååºç¹
ãããã沞ç¹ãããäœã枩床ã«ãããŠææã®ããª
ããŒãåŸããããŸã§åå¿ãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«çšããã®ã«å¥œé©ãªè©Šè¬ã®ãã¹ãŠ
ã¯ãéååå¿ã«æ¡çšãããæ¡ä»¶äžã«ãããŠãæ°Žå
ã³æ¬çºæã®éçž®åçšè§Šåªã®äžã€ãšçµåãããéã«
ãšãã«ã·ãšã³ã圢æããã æäžã®åå¿äœãä¹³åããããåŠãã決ããç°¡å
ãªè©Šéšæ³ã¯ãåå¿äœãçŽïŒãªããçŽ80ééïŒ ã®æ¿
床ãšãªãã®ã«å åãªéã®æ°Žãšã液äœç¶æ ã®åå¿äœ
ãšãçµåããæ¹æ³ã§ãããæ°Žã«éæ··åæ§ã®æ¶²çžã
圢æãããã°ãããã¯è©Šéšã«çšããæ°Žæ§åªè³ªã®æž©
床ã«ãããŠã該åå¿äœãæ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠä¹³
åã§ããããšã®èšŒæ ã§ããããã®è©Šéšã®éçšã«ã
ããŠãåå¿äœãç容éã®ãã³ãŒã³ãšæ°Žãšãçµåã
ããšãã«åŸããããããªé£ç¶ããéæ°Žæ§çžã圢æ
ããããšãããããåã¯åå¿äœãæ°Žæ§çžå ã«ãã
ãåæ£æ¶²åã¯ãšãã«ã·ãšã³ã®ããã«ãéé£ç¶çžãš
ããŠååšããããšãããããããåäžã®æ¶²äœçžã®
ã¿ãååšããããã«èŠãããªãã°ãçµæç©ããã®
ååºç¹ãããã»ãã®ãããé«ã枩床ã«ãŸã§åŸã ã«
å·åŽãããã®éã«æ°Žäžæº¶æ§ã®çžã®åœ¢æãæ€ç¥ãã¹
ãã§ãããè¥å¹²ã®å Žåã«ã¯ãæ°Žã«äžæº¶æ§ã®çžã®ç²
床ãå°ããããŠãæ¿åºŠæž¬å®åšåã¯éå€é¡åŸ®é¡ã䜿
ããªããšæ€ç¥ã§ããªãããšãããã液äœåªè³ªäžã®
é¡åŸ®é¡çåæ£ç²åã®ååšãæ€ç¥ãããããã®æ¹æ³
åã¯ä»ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãåœæè¡åéã«ãããŠåšç¥ã§ã
ããåŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã®äžéšãæ§æãããã®ã§ã¯ãª
ããæ°Žäžæº¶æ§ã®æ¶²äœçžã®ç²åãããšãé¡åŸ®é¡çã§
ãã€ãŠãããããååšããããšã¯ãäŸè©Šåå¿äœã
æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠä¹³åãããããšã瀺ããã®
ã§ããã ãããåå¿äœã®ïŒçš®åã¯ãã以äžã®èç¹ã100
âãè¶ ããããã§ããã°ãäžèšã®è©Šéšæ³ã¯é©çšã§
ããªãããã®å Žåã«ã¯ãè©Šéšæ³ã®è¥å¹²ã®ä¿®æ£ãšäž
è¬çéåæ³ãšãå¿ èŠã§ãããããã®ãããªä¿®æ£æ³
ã®äžã€ã«ããã°ãåå¿äœãå°ãªããšãäžéšå¯æº¶æ§
ã®æ°Žã«éæ··åæ§ã®æ¶²äœã®å°éãæ°Žã«å ãããå¥æ³
ãšããŠãåå¿äœããã®èç¹ãããé«ã枩床ã«å ç±
ãã溶èç©ãæž©æ°ŽãšçµåãããããŠåŸãããçµæ
ç©ããã¢ãžãã€ã¶ãŒã«éããŠãšãã«ã·ãšã³ã圢æ
ãããå Žåãããããããã®ä¿®æ£ã¯ãæ°Žæ§ãšãã«
ã·ãšã³è£œé åéã®çç·Žè ã«ãšã€ãŠæããã§ãããš
æãããåŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã®ç¯å²å ã«å å«ããããã®
ã§ããã ææã®åå¿äœåã³éçž®åçšè§Šåªã¯ãããããæ°Ž
ãšçµåããããšã«ãã€ãŠä¹³åããããåå¿äœã®ã©
ãããæ°Žã«å¯Ÿããèªèéã®æº¶è§£åºŠãæããŠããªã
éãã¯ãæ°Žã®éã¯éåžžèšççèŠçŽ ãšãªããªããå
å¿æ··åç©ã®åèšééãåºæºã«ããŠçŽïŒã80ïŒ ã®å
å¿äœæ¿åºŠãšãªãã®ã«å åãªæ°Žãçšããã®ãé垞奜
éœåã§ããã ãããã¢ãããŒãç¹ã«å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãæ°Ž
ã«å¯Ÿããèªèéã®æº¶è§£åºŠãæããŠããã°ãä¹³åçž
ã«ããããããã®ã¢ãããŒã®æ¿åºŠãå åãªæ¿åºŠãš
ããããã«ã¯ãåå¿åªè³ªäžã«ãããçµåãã¢ãã
ãŒã®æ¿åºŠãçŽ40ã80ééïŒ ã«ãã¹ãã§ããããã®
æ¿åºŠç¯å²ã¯ãïŒãªããçŽïŒåã®ççŽ ååãå«ãäº
å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã«ãšã€ãŠé垞奜é©ã§ããã åå¿äœã®ä¹³åã¯ãéåžžåå¿äœãéçž®åçšè§Šåªå
ã³æ°Žã®æ··åç©ãåšå²æž©åºŠããçŽ50âãŸã§ã®æž©åºŠäž
ã§æ¹æããããšã«ãã€ãŠéè¡ããããè¥å¹²ã®å Ž
åãç¹ã«å€§éã®åå¿äœãåã¯ä¹³åãã«ããåå¿äœ
ãçšããå Žåã«ã¯ããšãã«ã·ãšã³ã®è£œé ã«æ©æ¢°ç
ãã¢ãžãã€ã¶ãŒãåã¯é³æ³¢çŽ°èç Žå£è£ 眮ïŒsonic
cell disruptorïŒã®ãããªè¶ é³æ³¢è£ 眮ãçšããã®
ãæãŸããã ä¹³åããåå¿äœã®éåã¯ãå®è³ªçã«å®å šãªåå¿
åã¯ååéã®å¹³è¡¡ååžãéæããã®ã«å åãªæé
ããããçŽïŒâãã沞ç¹ãŸã§ã®æž©åºŠäžã«ãšãã«ã·
ãšã³ãç¶æããããšã«ãã€ãŠéæããããåå¿äœ
åã³åå¿æ··åç©ã®æž©åºŠã«å¿ããŠãå¿ èŠãªåå¿æé
ã¯æ°åãã24æéåã¯ãã以äžã«ãŸã§åã¶ãçšã
ãè©Šè¬åã¯è©Šè¬é¡ãåå¿æž©åºŠã§ä¹³åå¯èœã§ããã
ãšã確ããããšãã芳å¯ãã¹ãå¯äžã®æ³šæäºé ã§
ããããã®åºæºã«é©åããéããæ°Žæ§çžã®ååº
ç¹ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒâãããé«ã枩床ãããã®æ²ž
ç¹ãŸã§ã®åå¿æž©åºŠãæ¡çšã§ããããããå å§äžã«
éåãè¡ããšããã°ã沞ç¹ã374âçšåºŠã«é«ããŠ
ãããã€ãããªããéåžžçšããããçµåã¯1ãã
100âã奜ãŸããã¯åšå²æž©åºŠããçŽ95âãŸã§ã§ã
ãã æäžã®éååå¿ã«ã€ããŠã®æž©åºŠç¯å²ã決å®ãã
ä»ã®åºæºã¯ãè©Šè¬ã®èç¹åã³ïŒåã¯ïŒæ²žç¹ã§ã
ãã å«ãŸããççŽ ååã®æ°ã10ãããå°ãªããæ°Žã«
察ãã溶解床ãèªèéã®ãã®ãè¥å¹²å«ããžãªãŒã«
åã³ïŒåã¯ïŒã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãçšããå Žåã«
ã¯ããšãã«ã·ãšã³ã®æž©åºŠã1ããªããçŽ40âã«ä¿ã€
ã®ãæãŸãããçŽ40âãããããšãæ°Žæ§çžäžã«ã
ãããããã®è©Šè¬ã®æº¶è§£åºŠãé«ãããããããã®
æ²¹çžäžã«ãããæ¿åºŠãææãªçšåºŠã®éåãéæã
ãã®ã«å åã§ãªããªããè¥å¹²ã®å Žåã«ã¯ããã§ã«
圢æãããããªããŒã氎溶æ§ã®ã¢ãããŒåã³ãªãª
ãŽããŒã«æ»ãããšãèµ·ããããã ãã¹ãŠã®è©Šè¬ã¯ãéååå¿ã®éçšã§ä¹³åå¯èœãª
液äœã§ãªããŠã¯ãªããªãã®ã§ããã®åå¿ãè¡ãæž©
床ã¯è©Šè¬ã®å°ãªããšãäžã€ã®èç¹ãããããããŠ
ãã¹ãŠã®è©Šè¬ãæ²¹çžäžã«å°ãªããšãäžéšå¯æº¶æ§ã§
ãããããªæ°Žæºã§ãªããŠã¯ãªããªããæäžã®éå
ã«ã€ããŠã®æé©æž©åºŠã¯ãæ¥åžžçå®éšã«ãã€ãŠå®¹æ
ã«æ±ºå®ããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®äž
ã«ã¯ãé žæ§åªè³ªäžã«ãããŠå æ°Žå解åã³ãã©ã³ã¹
âã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ååã¯ãã©ã³ã¹âã±ã¿ãŒã«ååå¿ã
èµ·ããããããã®ãããã€ãããããšãèŠãã ã
ããããããã®ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«
ã®è£œé ã«çšããã觊åªåã³çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã®å€ãã¯é ž
ã§ããããåã¯æ°Žäžã§ïŒãããäœãPHå€ãæãã
ã®ã§ãéååå¿ãå®äºããåŸã奜ãŸããã¯åå¿æ··
åç©ãPHïŒãïŒã«äžåãã¹ãã§ãããåå¿æ··åç©
ã«å¯Ÿããã¢ã«ãã«éå±æ°Žé žåç©åã¯æ°Žé žåã¢ã³ã¢
ããŠã ã®æ¯èŒçåžèãªæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãå ããããšã«ãã€
ãŠãããéæããã®ã奜éœåã§ãããäžåçšè©Šè¬
äžã®æ°Žé žåºã€ãªã³ã®æ¿åºŠã¯ãïŒã¢ã«åœãçŽ0.01ã
ïŒåœéãšããã®ãæãŸããã çè«çã«ã¯ãããªããŒã®è£œé ã«çšããããè©Šè¬
ãåæåå¿æ··åç©äžã«å®è³ªçã«ååŠéè«çãªéã«
ãããŠå«ãŸããå Žåã«ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã¯ããªã±
ã¿ãŒã«ã®åçåã³ååéãæ倧å€ã«ãªãã¹ãã§ã
ããæäžã®ããªããŒã補é ããããã®åå¿äœã®æ
é©ãªçžå¯Ÿçæ¿åºŠã決ããéã«ã¯ããã®åçãæé
ãšããŠæŽ»çšããããšãæãŸããã éåã®é²è¡ç¶æ ã¯ãèµ€å€åå åæãçšããã«ã«
ããã«åºã«ç¹æã®æ倧åžå ç¹ã«ãããåžå ããã
ãé åã®æžå°ã調ã¹ãããšã«ãã€ãŠãåå¿æ··åç©
ãå®æçã«åæããŠè¿œè·¡ããã®ã奜éœåã§ããã ïŒåååœãçŽïŒå以äžã®å埩åäœãæããããª
ããŒã¯ãåšå²æž©åºŠã«ãããŠäžè¬ã«ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«äž
溶æ§ã§ããã®ã«å¯Ÿããåå¿æ··åç©ã®ä»ã®æåã¯ã¡
ã¿ããŒã«ã«å¯æº¶æ§ã§ãããåå¿æ··åç©ã®è©Šæã«ã¡
ã¿ããŒã«ãå ããåŸã«çããåºåœ¢æ²æ®¿ç©ã®ååš
ã¯ãæçšãªããªããŒã圢æããããã©ããããã
ãããã®å®æ§çæ段ãšãªãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ãçšããŠè£œé ãããè¥å¹²ã®ãšãã«
ã·ãšã³ã¯ã圢æãããããªããŒã®æ°å¹³åååéã
æ¯èŒçäœãå Žåã«éã€ãŠã®ã¿å®å®ã«ä¿ããããã
ã€ãããã®æ°Žæºãè¶ ãããšããšãã«ã·ãšã³ã¯èªç¶
ã«ç Žå£ããããããŠåå¿æ··åç©ããããªããŒãæ²
殿ãããæ²æ®¿ãçããååéã¯ãåæåå¿æ··åç©
äžã«æå¹éã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãå«ãŸããããšã«ãã€ãŠ
å®è³ªçã«é«ãããããšãèŠãã ããããçé¢æŽ»æ§
å€ã¯ã¢ããªã³æ§ãéã€ãªã³æ§åã¯ã«ããªã³æ§ã®ã
ããã®ã¿ã€ãã§ãããããå žåçãªã«ããªã³æ§å
ã³éã€ãªã³æ§ã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãšç°ãªããéåé床ã
å®è³ªçã«äœäžãããªãç¹ããèŠãŠã¢ããªã³æ§ã®ç
é¢æŽ»æ§å€ãçšããã®ãæãŸãããåžžçšãããå€ã
ã®ã¢ããªã³æ§çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãäŸãã°ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒ
ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã®ãããªãŠã å¡©ã¯ãæ¬çºæã«ã
ãä¹³åéåçšã®æå¹è§Šåªã§ãããããããšãã«ã·
ãšã³ã®å®å®åã«å åãªããã«ãããã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€
ã®æ¿åºŠãé«ããããšã«ããããããã®ååç©ã¯è§Š
åªãšããŠããã€ãŸãããšãã«ã·ãšã³å®å®å€ãšããŠ
æ©èœããããšãã§ããã çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã®çžå¯Ÿçæ¿åºŠã¯èšççèŠçŽ ã§ã¯ãªã
ããéçž®åçšè§Šåªã®ééãåºæºã«ããŠå°ãªããšã
0.1ïŒ ã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãçšããã®ãéåžžæãŸããã
éå°éã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã®äœ¿çšã¯ãªããé¡èãªä»å ç
å©ç¹ããããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã倧éã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€
ã¯åå¿æ··åç©ã®éå°ãªæ³¡ç«ã¡åã³ç²åºŠå¢å ã®åå
ãšãªãããã æ¬çºæã®ä¹³åéåæ³ã§è£œé ãããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒ
ã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã¯ãïŒåååœãå¹³å20ãŸãã¯
ãã以äžãŸã§ã®å埩åäœãå«ãã§ãããããªããŒ
ã®æ§é ã«é¢ãããããªãçè«ã«ãææãããã€ã
ãã¯ãªãããåå®èœæ§ã®ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ããèª
å°ãããããªããŒã®å埩åäœã¯ãäžè¬åŒ ã«å¯Ÿå¿ãããããŠå€å®èœæ§ã®ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã
ãèªå°ãããããªããŒã®å埩åäœã¯ãåŒ ã«å¯Ÿå¿ãããã®ãšèå¯ãããã R1ãR4ãR5ãR5ãR7ãR8åã³ïœã«ã€ããŠã®å®
矩ã¯ãããã«å®çŸ©ãããšåãã§ããã ãããå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãå€æ°ã®åŽéããã
ãã·ã«åºãå«ãããªããŒã§ããããããŠãã®ããª
ããŒãåå®èœæ§ã®ã¢ã«ãããåã¯ã±ãã³ãšåå¿ã
ãããšããã°ãåŸãããçæç©ã®å°ãªããšãè¥å¹²
ã®å埩åäœã¯ãåŒ ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããã§ãããã ãã®ãããªæ§é ã¯ãåŒR4R5CïŒïŒ¯ã§è¡šãããã
ã¢ã«ãããåã¯ã±ãã³ãšãå埩åäœ
ãã«ãã«ã€ããŠã®åèšå®çŸ©ã«å å«ããããããã
åºããäºçªç®ã®æ°ŽçŽ ååãåå»ã€ããšãã«åŸãã
ããã¹ãŠã®äºäŸ¡ã®åºãå å«ãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ãïŒïŒåèšã®ã«ã«ããã«
ååç©ãšå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿ãåã³ïŒå
ã¯ïŒïŒïŒããã«å®çŸ©ãããããªã«ã«ããã«ååç©
ã®é©åœãªèªå°äœãšã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿ã¯ãé©åœãª
éçž®åçšè§Šåªã®ååšäžã§è¡ããããé©åœãªè§Šåªã«
ã¯ãåŒ·é žãäŸãã°å¡©é žãç¡«é žãç¡é žåã³çé žãå«
ãŸãããä»ã®é©åœãªéçž®åçšè§Šåªã«ã¯ãã¹ã«ãã³
é žãç¡«é žã®ã¢ãâåã³ãžãšã¹ãã«ãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«æ®
åºã®ççŽ æ°ãå°ãªããšã12ã§ããç¡«é žã¢ããšã¹ã
ã«ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±å¡©ãã¹ã«ãã³é žã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±
å¡©åã³ãšã¹ãã«ããªãã³ã«ïœïŒç¡«é žã®ã¢ãâåã³
ãžãšã¹ãã«ãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«æ®åºã®ççŽ æ°ãå°ãªããš
ã12ã§ããç¡«é žã¢ããšã¹ãã«ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±å¡©å
ã³ã«ããªã³æ§çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšã
ïŒçš®ã®æåãšãïœïŒç¡«é žã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±å¡©ããéž
ã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®æåãšã®æ··åç©ãå å«ã
ããã éçž®åçšè§Šåªã¯ãç¡«é žãå¡©é žãçé žãèèªæå
ã³è³éŠæã¹ã«ãã³é žãç¡«é žã®ã¢ãâåã³ãžãšã¹ã
ã«ãè³éŠæã¹ã«ãã³é žã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±å¡©ãªãã³ã«
ç¡«é žã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±å¡©ãšã«ããªã³æ§çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãš
ã®æ··åç©ãããªã矀ããéžã°ããã®ãæãŸããã åèšã®éšé¡ã«å±ãã奜ãŸããéçž®åçšè§Šåªã«
ã¯ãããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãã©ãŠãªã«æ°ŽçŽ
ã¹ã«ããšãŒããã©ãŠãªã«ç¡«é žãããªãŠã ãïœâã
ãã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ãïœâãã«
ãšã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãã«ãªãã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é žãïŒâã¡ãã«ãããã¬ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãïœâãã
ã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããã·ã«ãžããšãã«ãª
ããµã€ãã¹ã«ãã³é žãå¡©é žãç¡«é žåã³çé žãå å«
ããããç¡«é žã®ãããªé±é žã¯ãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãäŸã
ã°ãããµãã·ã«ããªã¡ãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ïœâãã«
ãšã³ã¹ã«ãããŒãåã¯60093ã€ãªãã€å·ããŒã¹ã
ã€ãŒã«ãã®ã¹ããã³ã»ã±ãã«ã«ç€ŸïŒStepan
Chemical Co.ïŒãããã³ã³ïŒMakon ïŒã®åæš
ã§è²©å£²ãããŠããã¢ã«ãã«ããšããã·ããªãªãã·
ãšãã¬ã³ãšã¿ããŒã«ãšçµåããŠçšããã®ãæãŸã
ãã åžè²©ãããŠãã代衚çãªã¹ã«ãã³é žã«ã¯ãã¡ã¿
ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãã«ãªãã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã
ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é žãããã·ã«ãžããšãã«ãªããµã€ãã¹ã«ãã³é žã
ïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒâãããã¬ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žåã³ïœâ
ãã«ãšã³ã¹ãã³é žãå å«ããããåžè²©ãããŠãã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ã¹ã«ãã³é žå¡©ã¯ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹
ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ã§ããã é©åœãªã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ã«ã¯ã©ãŠãªã«ãã¹ã
ã¢ãªã«ããããµãã·ã«åã³ãšã€ã³ãµãã«ãšã¹ãã«
ãå«ãŸããããããã®ãšã¹ãã«ã¯ïŒåååœãïŒå
åã¯ïŒåã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«æ®åºãå«ã¿ããã åè¿°ããäºæå系觊åªæ··åç©ã®ïŒæåãšããŠçš
ãããã«ããªã³æ§çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã«ã¯ãçªçŽ ã«çµåã
ããããã«ã«ãã«åºã«ïŒååã¯ãã以äžã®ççŽ å
åãå«ãŸãããã€ãååã®ã¢ããªã³éšåãããã
ãã·ã«ã§ããããåã¯ç¡«é žåã¯å¡©é žã®ãããªåŒ·é±
é žããèªå°ããããã®ã§ãã第åã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å
åç©ãå å«ããããã¢ããªã³æ§éšåãã¹ã«ããšãŒ
ãã§ããã®ãæãŸãããåžè²©ã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã«ã€ã
ãŠã¯ã07452ããŠãŒãžã€ãŒãžãŒå·ã°ã¬ã³ããã¯ã®
ãããã¢ã¯ããŠã¢ãªã³ã°ã»ã³ã³ããšã¯ã·ãšããŒã»
ãããªãã·ã³ã°ç€Ÿãããã¯ãããšã³éšéãããŒ
ã¹ã»ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã³ã»ãšãã€ã·ãšã³ãºïŒNorth
American EditionsïŒMcCutcheon DivisionïŒ
Manufacturing Confectioner Publishing Co.ïŒ
ããåºãããããã¯ãããšã³ãº ãã¿ãŒãžãšã³ã
ã¢ã³ã ãšãã«ãžãã¢ã€ã¢ãŒãº
ïŒMcCutcheonâ²s Detergents and EmulsifiersïŒ
ã®1980幎çã«äžèŠ§è¡šãæ²èŒãããŠããã éçž®åçšè§ŠåªãšããŠåèšæ··åç©ã®ãããããçš
ããéã«ã¯ãæå(a)察ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ç¡«é žå¡©ã®éé
æ¯ã¯ãããã1000ïŒïŒããïŒïŒ300ãŸã§ã®ç¯å²å
ãšããããšãã§ããã500ïŒïŒãïŒïŒ100ã®ç¯å²ã
奜ãŸãããïŒïŒïŒãïŒïŒ10ã§ããã®ãæã奜ãŸã
ãã å€ãã®éååå¿ã«ç¹ã«å¥œãŸãã觊åªã¯ãå ¥æã®
容ææ§ã觊åªåã³ä¹³åå®å®å€ãšããŠã®æŽ»æ§åºŠãã
ãã«æçµçæç©ã®ç€ºãæãŸããæ§èœãèæ ®ãããš
ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã§ããã æ¬çºæã®éçž®åçšè§Šåªã¯ãéååå¿ãæå¹ã«è§Š
åªãããããŠææã®æ§èœãçµåããŠæããçæç©
ãåŸããããããªæ¿åºŠæ°Žæºã«ãããŠçšããããã
æäžã®éåã«ã€ããŠã®æé©ãªè§Šåªåã³æ¿åºŠæ°Žæº
ã¯ãåå¿ãããã¢ãããŒã®ã¿ã€ãåã³ææã®æçµ
éå床ãå«ãå€æ°ã®å€æ°ã«å¿ããŠå€åãããéåžž
觊åªã¯ãå šåå¿äœãåºæºã«ããŠ0.01ã30ééïŒ ã®
æ¿åºŠã§å«ãŸããã24æéåã¯ãã以äžã®åå¿æé
ãçµéããåŸã§ææã®éå床ãåŸãããããã«
ã¯ã觊åªæ¿åºŠã0.1ã20ïŒ ãšããã®ã奜ãŸããã
0.5ã10ïŒ ãšããã®ãæã奜ãŸããã ä¹³åéåã«ãã€ãŠããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿
ãŒã«ã補é ããæ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠã¯ãïŒïŒå
è¿°ããåäžåã¯å€å®èœæ§ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãåã¯
ãããã®ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãšæ°Žæº¶æ§ã§ããåå®èœ
æ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãšã®åå¿çæç©ã®ãã¡ã®å°ãªããšã
ïŒçš®ãïŒïŒåè¿°ããå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãåã¯ã
ã®å æ°Žå解å¯èœãšã¹ãã«ã®ãã¡ã®å°ãªããšãïŒ
çš®ãåã³ïŒïŒå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®ããªéåçšè§Šåªã
ããªãæ··åç©ãæ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžã§ä¹³åãããã次ãã§
åŸããããšãã«ã·ãšã³ãããšãã«ã·ãšã³ã®ååºç¹
ãããã沞ç¹ãããäœã枩床ã«ãããŠææã®ããª
ããŒãåŸããããŸã§åå¿ãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«çšããã®ã«å¥œé©ãªè©Šè¬ã®ãã¹ãŠ
ã¯ãéååå¿ã«æ¡çšãããæ¡ä»¶äžã«ãããŠãæ°Žå
ã³æ¬çºæã®éçž®åçšè§Šåªã®äžã€ãšçµåãããéã«
ãšãã«ã·ãšã³ã圢æããã æäžã®åå¿äœãä¹³åããããåŠãã決ããç°¡å
ãªè©Šéšæ³ã¯ãåå¿äœãçŽïŒãªããçŽ80ééïŒ ã®æ¿
床ãšãªãã®ã«å åãªéã®æ°Žãšã液äœç¶æ ã®åå¿äœ
ãšãçµåããæ¹æ³ã§ãããæ°Žã«éæ··åæ§ã®æ¶²çžã
圢æãããã°ãããã¯è©Šéšã«çšããæ°Žæ§åªè³ªã®æž©
床ã«ãããŠã該åå¿äœãæ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠä¹³
åã§ããããšã®èšŒæ ã§ããããã®è©Šéšã®éçšã«ã
ããŠãåå¿äœãç容éã®ãã³ãŒã³ãšæ°Žãšãçµåã
ããšãã«åŸããããããªé£ç¶ããéæ°Žæ§çžã圢æ
ããããšãããããåã¯åå¿äœãæ°Žæ§çžå ã«ãã
ãåæ£æ¶²åã¯ãšãã«ã·ãšã³ã®ããã«ãéé£ç¶çžãš
ããŠååšããããšãããããããåäžã®æ¶²äœçžã®
ã¿ãååšããããã«èŠãããªãã°ãçµæç©ããã®
ååºç¹ãããã»ãã®ãããé«ã枩床ã«ãŸã§åŸã ã«
å·åŽãããã®éã«æ°Žäžæº¶æ§ã®çžã®åœ¢æãæ€ç¥ãã¹
ãã§ãããè¥å¹²ã®å Žåã«ã¯ãæ°Žã«äžæº¶æ§ã®çžã®ç²
床ãå°ããããŠãæ¿åºŠæž¬å®åšåã¯éå€é¡åŸ®é¡ã䜿
ããªããšæ€ç¥ã§ããªãããšãããã液äœåªè³ªäžã®
é¡åŸ®é¡çåæ£ç²åã®ååšãæ€ç¥ãããããã®æ¹æ³
åã¯ä»ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãåœæè¡åéã«ãããŠåšç¥ã§ã
ããåŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã®äžéšãæ§æãããã®ã§ã¯ãª
ããæ°Žäžæº¶æ§ã®æ¶²äœçžã®ç²åãããšãé¡åŸ®é¡çã§
ãã€ãŠãããããååšããããšã¯ãäŸè©Šåå¿äœã
æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠä¹³åãããããšã瀺ããã®
ã§ããã ãããåå¿äœã®ïŒçš®åã¯ãã以äžã®èç¹ã100
âãè¶ ããããã§ããã°ãäžèšã®è©Šéšæ³ã¯é©çšã§
ããªãããã®å Žåã«ã¯ãè©Šéšæ³ã®è¥å¹²ã®ä¿®æ£ãšäž
è¬çéåæ³ãšãå¿ èŠã§ãããããã®ãããªä¿®æ£æ³
ã®äžã€ã«ããã°ãåå¿äœãå°ãªããšãäžéšå¯æº¶æ§
ã®æ°Žã«éæ··åæ§ã®æ¶²äœã®å°éãæ°Žã«å ãããå¥æ³
ãšããŠãåå¿äœããã®èç¹ãããé«ã枩床ã«å ç±
ãã溶èç©ãæž©æ°ŽãšçµåãããããŠåŸãããçµæ
ç©ããã¢ãžãã€ã¶ãŒã«éããŠãšãã«ã·ãšã³ã圢æ
ãããå Žåãããããããã®ä¿®æ£ã¯ãæ°Žæ§ãšãã«
ã·ãšã³è£œé åéã®çç·Žè ã«ãšã€ãŠæããã§ãããš
æãããåŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã®ç¯å²å ã«å å«ããããã®
ã§ããã ææã®åå¿äœåã³éçž®åçšè§Šåªã¯ãããããæ°Ž
ãšçµåããããšã«ãã€ãŠä¹³åããããåå¿äœã®ã©
ãããæ°Žã«å¯Ÿããèªèéã®æº¶è§£åºŠãæããŠããªã
éãã¯ãæ°Žã®éã¯éåžžèšççèŠçŽ ãšãªããªããå
å¿æ··åç©ã®åèšééãåºæºã«ããŠçŽïŒã80ïŒ ã®å
å¿äœæ¿åºŠãšãªãã®ã«å åãªæ°Žãçšããã®ãé垞奜
éœåã§ããã ãããã¢ãããŒãç¹ã«å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãæ°Ž
ã«å¯Ÿããèªèéã®æº¶è§£åºŠãæããŠããã°ãä¹³åçž
ã«ããããããã®ã¢ãããŒã®æ¿åºŠãå åãªæ¿åºŠãš
ããããã«ã¯ãåå¿åªè³ªäžã«ãããçµåãã¢ãã
ãŒã®æ¿åºŠãçŽ40ã80ééïŒ ã«ãã¹ãã§ããããã®
æ¿åºŠç¯å²ã¯ãïŒãªããçŽïŒåã®ççŽ ååãå«ãäº
å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã«ãšã€ãŠé垞奜é©ã§ããã åå¿äœã®ä¹³åã¯ãéåžžåå¿äœãéçž®åçšè§Šåªå
ã³æ°Žã®æ··åç©ãåšå²æž©åºŠããçŽ50âãŸã§ã®æž©åºŠäž
ã§æ¹æããããšã«ãã€ãŠéè¡ããããè¥å¹²ã®å Ž
åãç¹ã«å€§éã®åå¿äœãåã¯ä¹³åãã«ããåå¿äœ
ãçšããå Žåã«ã¯ããšãã«ã·ãšã³ã®è£œé ã«æ©æ¢°ç
ãã¢ãžãã€ã¶ãŒãåã¯é³æ³¢çŽ°èç Žå£è£ 眮ïŒsonic
cell disruptorïŒã®ãããªè¶ é³æ³¢è£ 眮ãçšããã®
ãæãŸããã ä¹³åããåå¿äœã®éåã¯ãå®è³ªçã«å®å šãªåå¿
åã¯ååéã®å¹³è¡¡ååžãéæããã®ã«å åãªæé
ããããçŽïŒâãã沞ç¹ãŸã§ã®æž©åºŠäžã«ãšãã«ã·
ãšã³ãç¶æããããšã«ãã€ãŠéæããããåå¿äœ
åã³åå¿æ··åç©ã®æž©åºŠã«å¿ããŠãå¿ èŠãªåå¿æé
ã¯æ°åãã24æéåã¯ãã以äžã«ãŸã§åã¶ãçšã
ãè©Šè¬åã¯è©Šè¬é¡ãåå¿æž©åºŠã§ä¹³åå¯èœã§ããã
ãšã確ããããšãã芳å¯ãã¹ãå¯äžã®æ³šæäºé ã§
ããããã®åºæºã«é©åããéããæ°Žæ§çžã®ååº
ç¹ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒâãããé«ã枩床ãããã®æ²ž
ç¹ãŸã§ã®åå¿æž©åºŠãæ¡çšã§ããããããå å§äžã«
éåãè¡ããšããã°ã沞ç¹ã374âçšåºŠã«é«ããŠ
ãããã€ãããªããéåžžçšããããçµåã¯1ãã
100âã奜ãŸããã¯åšå²æž©åºŠããçŽ95âãŸã§ã§ã
ãã æäžã®éååå¿ã«ã€ããŠã®æž©åºŠç¯å²ã決å®ãã
ä»ã®åºæºã¯ãè©Šè¬ã®èç¹åã³ïŒåã¯ïŒæ²žç¹ã§ã
ãã å«ãŸããççŽ ååã®æ°ã10ãããå°ãªããæ°Žã«
察ãã溶解床ãèªèéã®ãã®ãè¥å¹²å«ããžãªãŒã«
åã³ïŒåã¯ïŒã«ã«ããã«ååç©ãçšããå Žåã«
ã¯ããšãã«ã·ãšã³ã®æž©åºŠã1ããªããçŽ40âã«ä¿ã€
ã®ãæãŸãããçŽ40âãããããšãæ°Žæ§çžäžã«ã
ãããããã®è©Šè¬ã®æº¶è§£åºŠãé«ãããããããã®
æ²¹çžäžã«ãããæ¿åºŠãææãªçšåºŠã®éåãéæã
ãã®ã«å åã§ãªããªããè¥å¹²ã®å Žåã«ã¯ããã§ã«
圢æãããããªããŒã氎溶æ§ã®ã¢ãããŒåã³ãªãª
ãŽããŒã«æ»ãããšãèµ·ããããã ãã¹ãŠã®è©Šè¬ã¯ãéååå¿ã®éçšã§ä¹³åå¯èœãª
液äœã§ãªããŠã¯ãªããªãã®ã§ããã®åå¿ãè¡ãæž©
床ã¯è©Šè¬ã®å°ãªããšãäžã€ã®èç¹ãããããããŠ
ãã¹ãŠã®è©Šè¬ãæ²¹çžäžã«å°ãªããšãäžéšå¯æº¶æ§ã§
ãããããªæ°Žæºã§ãªããŠã¯ãªããªããæäžã®éå
ã«ã€ããŠã®æé©æž©åºŠã¯ãæ¥åžžçå®éšã«ãã€ãŠå®¹æ
ã«æ±ºå®ããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®äž
ã«ã¯ãé žæ§åªè³ªäžã«ãããŠå æ°Žå解åã³ãã©ã³ã¹
âã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ååã¯ãã©ã³ã¹âã±ã¿ãŒã«ååå¿ã
èµ·ããããããã®ãããã€ãããããšãèŠãã ã
ããããããã®ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«
ã®è£œé ã«çšããã觊åªåã³çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã®å€ãã¯é ž
ã§ããããåã¯æ°Žäžã§ïŒãããäœãPHå€ãæãã
ã®ã§ãéååå¿ãå®äºããåŸã奜ãŸããã¯åå¿æ··
åç©ãPHïŒãïŒã«äžåãã¹ãã§ãããåå¿æ··åç©
ã«å¯Ÿããã¢ã«ãã«éå±æ°Žé žåç©åã¯æ°Žé žåã¢ã³ã¢
ããŠã ã®æ¯èŒçåžèãªæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãå ããããšã«ãã€
ãŠãããéæããã®ã奜éœåã§ãããäžåçšè©Šè¬
äžã®æ°Žé žåºã€ãªã³ã®æ¿åºŠã¯ãïŒã¢ã«åœãçŽ0.01ã
ïŒåœéãšããã®ãæãŸããã çè«çã«ã¯ãããªããŒã®è£œé ã«çšããããè©Šè¬
ãåæåå¿æ··åç©äžã«å®è³ªçã«ååŠéè«çãªéã«
ãããŠå«ãŸããå Žåã«ããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã¯ããªã±
ã¿ãŒã«ã®åçåã³ååéãæ倧å€ã«ãªãã¹ãã§ã
ããæäžã®ããªããŒã補é ããããã®åå¿äœã®æ
é©ãªçžå¯Ÿçæ¿åºŠã決ããéã«ã¯ããã®åçãæé
ãšããŠæŽ»çšããããšãæãŸããã éåã®é²è¡ç¶æ ã¯ãèµ€å€åå åæãçšããã«ã«
ããã«åºã«ç¹æã®æ倧åžå ç¹ã«ãããåžå ããã
ãé åã®æžå°ã調ã¹ãããšã«ãã€ãŠãåå¿æ··åç©
ãå®æçã«åæããŠè¿œè·¡ããã®ã奜éœåã§ããã ïŒåååœãçŽïŒå以äžã®å埩åäœãæããããª
ããŒã¯ãåšå²æž©åºŠã«ãããŠäžè¬ã«ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«äž
溶æ§ã§ããã®ã«å¯Ÿããåå¿æ··åç©ã®ä»ã®æåã¯ã¡
ã¿ããŒã«ã«å¯æº¶æ§ã§ãããåå¿æ··åç©ã®è©Šæã«ã¡
ã¿ããŒã«ãå ããåŸã«çããåºåœ¢æ²æ®¿ç©ã®ååš
ã¯ãæçšãªããªããŒã圢æããããã©ããããã
ãããã®å®æ§çæ段ãšãªãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ãçšããŠè£œé ãããè¥å¹²ã®ãšãã«
ã·ãšã³ã¯ã圢æãããããªããŒã®æ°å¹³åååéã
æ¯èŒçäœãå Žåã«éã€ãŠã®ã¿å®å®ã«ä¿ããããã
ã€ãããã®æ°Žæºãè¶ ãããšããšãã«ã·ãšã³ã¯èªç¶
ã«ç Žå£ããããããŠåå¿æ··åç©ããããªããŒãæ²
殿ãããæ²æ®¿ãçããååéã¯ãåæåå¿æ··åç©
äžã«æå¹éã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãå«ãŸããããšã«ãã€ãŠ
å®è³ªçã«é«ãããããšãèŠãã ããããçé¢æŽ»æ§
å€ã¯ã¢ããªã³æ§ãéã€ãªã³æ§åã¯ã«ããªã³æ§ã®ã
ããã®ã¿ã€ãã§ãããããå žåçãªã«ããªã³æ§å
ã³éã€ãªã³æ§ã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãšç°ãªããéåé床ã
å®è³ªçã«äœäžãããªãç¹ããèŠãŠã¢ããªã³æ§ã®ç
é¢æŽ»æ§å€ãçšããã®ãæãŸãããåžžçšãããå€ã
ã®ã¢ããªã³æ§çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãäŸãã°ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒ
ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã®ãããªãŠã å¡©ã¯ãæ¬çºæã«ã
ãä¹³åéåçšã®æå¹è§Šåªã§ãããããããšãã«ã·
ãšã³ã®å®å®åã«å åãªããã«ãããã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€
ã®æ¿åºŠãé«ããããšã«ããããããã®ååç©ã¯è§Š
åªãšããŠããã€ãŸãããšãã«ã·ãšã³å®å®å€ãšããŠ
æ©èœããããšãã§ããã çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã®çžå¯Ÿçæ¿åºŠã¯èšççèŠçŽ ã§ã¯ãªã
ããéçž®åçšè§Šåªã®ééãåºæºã«ããŠå°ãªããšã
0.1ïŒ ã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãçšããã®ãéåžžæãŸããã
éå°éã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ã®äœ¿çšã¯ãªããé¡èãªä»å ç
å©ç¹ããããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã倧éã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€
ã¯åå¿æ··åç©ã®éå°ãªæ³¡ç«ã¡åã³ç²åºŠå¢å ã®åå
ãšãªãããã æ¬çºæã®ä¹³åéåæ³ã§è£œé ãããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒ
ã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã¯ãïŒåååœãå¹³å20ãŸãã¯
ãã以äžãŸã§ã®å埩åäœãå«ãã§ãããããªããŒ
ã®æ§é ã«é¢ãããããªãçè«ã«ãææãããã€ã
ãã¯ãªãããåå®èœæ§ã®ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ããèª
å°ãããããªããŒã®å埩åäœã¯ãäžè¬åŒ ã«å¯Ÿå¿ãããããŠå€å®èœæ§ã®ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã
ãèªå°ãããããªããŒã®å埩åäœã¯ãåŒ ã«å¯Ÿå¿ãããã®ãšèå¯ãããã R1ãR4ãR5ãR5ãR7ãR8åã³ïœã«ã€ããŠã®å®
矩ã¯ãããã«å®çŸ©ãããšåãã§ããã ãããå€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãå€æ°ã®åŽéããã
ãã·ã«åºãå«ãããªããŒã§ããããããŠãã®ããª
ããŒãåå®èœæ§ã®ã¢ã«ãããåã¯ã±ãã³ãšåå¿ã
ãããšããã°ãåŸãããçæç©ã®å°ãªããšãè¥å¹²
ã®å埩åäœã¯ãåŒ ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããã§ãããã ãã®ãããªæ§é ã¯ãåŒR4R5CïŒïŒ¯ã§è¡šãããã
ã¢ã«ãããåã¯ã±ãã³ãšãå埩åäœ
ãåŒã
ãæããïŒåã®ããªããŒååã®ããããã«å«ãŸã
ãïŒåã®ããããã·ã«åºãšãåå¿ããŠåŸãããã
ã®ã§ãããããããã¯ãŸããã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã
åäžããªããŒäžã®ïŒåã®ããããã·ã«åºãšåå¿ã
ãŠãäŸãã° ã®ãããªç°åŒæ§é ãçãããããšãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ãçšããŠè£œé ãããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒ
ã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã¯ãçš®ã ã®çšéãäŸãã°ããª
å¡©åããã«åã³é¢é£ããã«ç³»ããªããŒçšã®å¯å¡
å€ãä¿è·è¢«èŠã«æçšã§ãããåçš®ã ã®ç©è³ªãäŸã
ã°æ®ºèå€ãè¥æçãå¶åŸ¡ãããé床ã§æŸåºããã
ãã®åºäœãšããŠãæçšã§ããã æ«ç«¯ããããã·ã«åºãå«ãããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³
ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã¯äºå®èœæ§åã¯å€å®èœæ§ã®ã€ãœã·ã¢
ããŒããšåå¿ãããããšã«ãããå€æ§ãããæ°æ³¡
æ§é åã¯ãšã©ã¹ãããŒæ§ã®ããªãŠã¬ã¿ã³ãåŸã
ãããããã¯çµ¶çžåã³ç·©è¡ææãšããŠæçšã§ãã
ããåå¡æã®æèæåãšããŠãæçšã§ããã ææãããçšéã«å¿ããæ¬çºæã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ã
ããããªããŒã¯ãé¡æãææ©åã¯é±ç©æ§å å¡«å€â
äŸãã°ãã«ãŒãã³ãã©ãã¯åã³çé žã«ã«ã·ãŠã
âãå®å®å€åã³é žåé²æ¢å€ãå å«ããçš®ã ã®æ·»å
å€ãšçµåããããšãã§ããããããããªããŒãšã
ã«ã·ãšã³ãæ°Žæ§å¡æé åç©ãšããŠçšãããªãã°ã
ããªããŒãæ²æ®¿ãããããšãªããæçµãšãã«ã·ãš
ã³ãé åç©ã®ä»ã®æåãšçµåããã°ãããããªã
ãŒãæ²æ®¿ãããããšãã«ã¯ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®ãããª
æ°Žã«æ··åæ§ã®é溶å€ãæ°Žæ§ãšãã«ã·ãšã³ã«å ãã
ã°ããã 以äžãäŸããããŠæ¬çºæã®å¥œãŸããæ æ§ãé瀺
ããããåèšç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã®æ¬ãå«ããŠæ¬æ现
æžã§æ確ã«å®çŸ©ãããæ¬çºæã®ç¯å²ãããããã®
äŸã«ãã€ãŠå¶çŽããããšç解ãã¹ãã§ãªããç¹èš
ããªãããããäŸäžã®éšåã³ïŒ ã¯ééã«ãããã®
ãšããã äŸ ïŒ ïŒïŒ10âãã«ã³ãžãªãŒã«åã³ïœâãããã¢ã«ã
ããããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé 17.4ïœïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒïŒ10âãã¬ã³ãžãªãŒã«ã
11.40ïœïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïœâãããã¢ã«ãããåã³
è¡šã«èšèŒããéã®æ°Žãšè§Šåªãšãåå¿åšã«è£ å ¥ã
ããåŸãããæ··åç©ãæ¹æäžã«50âã®æž©åºŠã§ïŒæ
éå ç±ããåŸãå ç±ãåæ¢ããŠããã«24æéæ¹æ
ãç¶ããããã®éã«æåã®ãšãã«ã·ãšã³ã®åæã
èµ·ãã€ããåå¿åšå ã®åºåœ¢ç©ãéã«ãã€ãŠåé¢
ãã也ç¥ããã50c.c.ã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ãšçµåãããã
ãŠïŒé±éæŸçœ®ããã次ãã§åºåœ¢ç©ãååãã也ç¥
ããŠãã秀éããã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«äžæº¶æ§ã®ããªããŒ
ã®åçã枬å®ããããã®çµæãåŸèšã®ç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€º
ãã 觊åªãšããŠããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãçšã
ãŠäžèšã®éååå¿ãç¹°è¿ãããããããããªããŒ
ãæåã«åé¢ããçŽåã«æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã®
0.1N氎溶液ãæ·»å ããŠãåå¿æ··åç©ã®PHã8.8ã«
調ç¯ããããã®å ŽåãããªããŒãäœååéã®ç©è³ª
ã«éæ»ãããŠãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®ååšäžã§ïŒé±éä¿å
ããéã«æº¶è§£ããŠããŸãéãããªãå°ããªããã¡
ã¿ããŒã«ã«äžæº¶æ§ã®ç©è³ªã®åçã¯ãåå¿æ··åç©ã
äžåããªãã€ãå Žåã«ã¯ïŒïŒ ã§ãã€ãã®ã«èŒã¹ã
65ïŒ ã§ãã€ãã åèšã®ããŒã¿ã¯ãåå®èœæ§ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã®ååš
äžã§å®è³ªçãªããªããŒã®å解ãé²æ¢ããããã«
ã¯ãéåãå®äºããåŸã§åå¿æ··åç©ãäžåããå¿
èŠã®ããããšã瀺ããŠããã äŸ ïŒ ä¹³åãããé ¢é žããã«ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒãš
ãããã¢ã«ããããšã®åå¿ æ©æ¢°çã«é§åãããæ¹ææ©ãåä»ããåå¿åš
ã«ããã©ãŠãšã¢å·ãŠã€ã«ãã³ãã³ã®ã€ãŒã»ã¢ã€ã»
ããŠãã³ã»ãã»ããŒããŒã¹ç€ŸïŒE.I.DuPont de
Nemours and Co.ïŒããåæšãšã«ããŒã¹
ïŒElvaceïŒ1875ãšããŠå ¥æå¯èœãªãé ¢é žããã«ãš
ãšãã¬ã³ãšã®ã³ããªããŒã55ééïŒ å«ãæ°Žæ§ãšã
ã«ã·ãšã³54.51ïœãšãããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é ž0.55ïœãšãè£ å ¥ãããåŸãããæ··åç©ãåšå²æž©
床ã§20æéæ¹æããæç¹ã§7.28ïœã®ïœâãããã¢
ã«ããããåå¿åšã«å ãããåšå²æž©åºŠã«ãããŠã
ãã«20æéãåå¿æ··åç©ã®æ¹æãç¶ããããšãã«
ã·ãšã³ã¯åæããªãã€ãããšãã«ã·ãšã³ã®åéæ§
ãã€ã«ã ãã¢ã«ãããŠã æ¿ã®äžã«æµå»¶ãããå«ãŸ
ããŠãã液äœãèžçºããåŸãåæ¿ãããã€ã«ã ã
å¥ããšããå ã®é·ãã®çŽïŒåã«å»¶äŒžããããšãã§
ããã延䌞åããã€ããåé€ããšããã€ã«ã ã¯å®
質çã«å ã®å¯žæ³ã«æ»ã€ããã¢ã«ããããšåå¿ãã
ãåã®æåã®ã³ããªããŒãã圢æãããåããã
ãªãã€ã«ã ã¯ã延䌞ããåŸã§å ã®å¯žæ³ã«åçž®ãã
ããšããåŸåããªãã瀺ããªãã€ããïœâããã
ã¢ã«ããããšåå¿ãããåŸã®ãã€ã«ã ã瀺ããã®
匟åæ§ã¯ãã¢ã«ããããšåå¿ããããšã«ãã€ãŠã
è¥å¹²ã®ããªããŒã®æ¶æ©ãèµ·ããããšãè£ä»ããã
ã®ã§ãã€ãã äŸ ïŒ ïœâãããã¢ã«ããããšããããã·ã«æ«ç«¯åæ¢
ãŠã¬ã¿ã³ãªãªãŽããŒãšã®åå¿ ãã«ãšã³ãžã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒãïŒåžè²©ãããŠãã
ïŒïŒïŒâåã³ïŒïŒïŒâç°æ§äœã®æ··åç©ïŒ17.2ïœ
ïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒããšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«21.0ïœïŒ0.339ã¢
ã«ïŒåã³è§ŠåªãšããŠãªã¯ã¿ã³é žç¬¬äžé«0.3ïœãçµ
åããŠãã¬ããªããŒã補é ãããåŸãããæ··åç©
ã24æéæ¹æããããã®åå¿çæç©12.83ïœåã
ïœâãããã¢ã«ããã6.29ïœåã³ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒ
ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é ž0.94ïœã15.18ïœã®èžçæ°Žäžã«åæ£
ãããåŸãããæ··åç©ã宀枩ã§24æéæ¹æããã
æçµåå¿æ··åç©äžã«å«ãŸããåºåœ¢ç©ã也ç¥ãã50
c.c.ã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«äžã«ïŒé±éæŸçœ®ããããã®æç¹ã§
æ®ã€ãŠããåºåœ¢ç©è³ªã®åé¢ã也ç¥åã³ç§€éãè¡ã€
ããã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«äžæº¶æ§ã®ç©è³ªã®åçã¯ãè©Šè¬ã®
ééãåºæºã«ããèšç®å€ã«å¯ŸããŠ14ïŒ ã§ãã€ãã
ã²ã« ããŒããšãŒã·ãšã³ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ãŒã«ã
ã€ãŠæž¬å®ãããã®ç©è³ªã®æ°å¹³åååéã¯1864ã§ã
ã€ãããã¬ããªããŒã®ååéã¯äœãããŠãã²ã«
ããŒããšãŒã·ãšã³ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ãŒã«ãã枬å®
ãäžèœã§ãã€ãã äŸ ïŒ ïŒâããã¿ãã³åã³ïŒïŒ10âãã«ã³ãžãªãŒã«ã
ãããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé 11.4ïœïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒâããã¿ãã³ã17.4ïœ
ïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒïŒ10âãã«ã³ãžãªãŒã«ã3.14ïœã®
ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žåã³77ïœã®æ°Žãåå¿
åšã«è£ å ¥ãããåŸããããšãã«ã·ãšã³ãæ¹æããª
ãã50âã«ãããŠïŒæéå ç±ããåŸãå ç±ããã
ããããã«24æéæ¹æããåŸã0.1Nã®æ°Žé žåã
ããªãŠã 氎溶液ãçšããŠãšãã«ã·ãšã³ãPHïŒã«äž
åãããã®åŸã§å€§éå°ã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«äžã«æ³šããã
ã ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«äžã«å«ãŸããäžæº¶æ§ç©è³ªã®éã¯ã
45ïŒ ã®ããªããŒåçã«çžåœããã
ãïŒåã®ããããã·ã«åºãšãåå¿ããŠåŸãããã
ã®ã§ãããããããã¯ãŸããã«ã«ããã«ååç©ã
åäžããªããŒäžã®ïŒåã®ããããã·ã«åºãšåå¿ã
ãŠãäŸãã° ã®ãããªç°åŒæ§é ãçãããããšãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ãçšããŠè£œé ãããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒ
ã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã¯ãçš®ã ã®çšéãäŸãã°ããª
å¡©åããã«åã³é¢é£ããã«ç³»ããªããŒçšã®å¯å¡
å€ãä¿è·è¢«èŠã«æçšã§ãããåçš®ã ã®ç©è³ªãäŸã
ã°æ®ºèå€ãè¥æçãå¶åŸ¡ãããé床ã§æŸåºããã
ãã®åºäœãšããŠãæçšã§ããã æ«ç«¯ããããã·ã«åºãå«ãããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³
ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã¯äºå®èœæ§åã¯å€å®èœæ§ã®ã€ãœã·ã¢
ããŒããšåå¿ãããããšã«ãããå€æ§ãããæ°æ³¡
æ§é åã¯ãšã©ã¹ãããŒæ§ã®ããªãŠã¬ã¿ã³ãåŸã
ãããããã¯çµ¶çžåã³ç·©è¡ææãšããŠæçšã§ãã
ããåå¡æã®æèæåãšããŠãæçšã§ããã ææãããçšéã«å¿ããæ¬çºæã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ã
ããããªããŒã¯ãé¡æãææ©åã¯é±ç©æ§å å¡«å€â
äŸãã°ãã«ãŒãã³ãã©ãã¯åã³çé žã«ã«ã·ãŠã
âãå®å®å€åã³é žåé²æ¢å€ãå å«ããçš®ã ã®æ·»å
å€ãšçµåããããšãã§ããããããããªããŒãšã
ã«ã·ãšã³ãæ°Žæ§å¡æé åç©ãšããŠçšãããªãã°ã
ããªããŒãæ²æ®¿ãããããšãªããæçµãšãã«ã·ãš
ã³ãé åç©ã®ä»ã®æåãšçµåããã°ãããããªã
ãŒãæ²æ®¿ãããããšãã«ã¯ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®ãããª
æ°Žã«æ··åæ§ã®é溶å€ãæ°Žæ§ãšãã«ã·ãšã³ã«å ãã
ã°ããã 以äžãäŸããããŠæ¬çºæã®å¥œãŸããæ æ§ãé瀺
ããããåèšç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã®æ¬ãå«ããŠæ¬æ现
æžã§æ確ã«å®çŸ©ãããæ¬çºæã®ç¯å²ãããããã®
äŸã«ãã€ãŠå¶çŽããããšç解ãã¹ãã§ãªããç¹èš
ããªãããããäŸäžã®éšåã³ïŒ ã¯ééã«ãããã®
ãšããã äŸ ïŒ ïŒïŒ10âãã«ã³ãžãªãŒã«åã³ïœâãããã¢ã«ã
ããããããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé 17.4ïœïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒïŒ10âãã¬ã³ãžãªãŒã«ã
11.40ïœïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïœâãããã¢ã«ãããåã³
è¡šã«èšèŒããéã®æ°Žãšè§Šåªãšãåå¿åšã«è£ å ¥ã
ããåŸãããæ··åç©ãæ¹æäžã«50âã®æž©åºŠã§ïŒæ
éå ç±ããåŸãå ç±ãåæ¢ããŠããã«24æéæ¹æ
ãç¶ããããã®éã«æåã®ãšãã«ã·ãšã³ã®åæã
èµ·ãã€ããåå¿åšå ã®åºåœ¢ç©ãéã«ãã€ãŠåé¢
ãã也ç¥ããã50c.c.ã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ãšçµåãããã
ãŠïŒé±éæŸçœ®ããã次ãã§åºåœ¢ç©ãååãã也ç¥
ããŠãã秀éããã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«äžæº¶æ§ã®ããªããŒ
ã®åçã枬å®ããããã®çµæãåŸèšã®ç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€º
ãã 觊åªãšããŠããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãçšã
ãŠäžèšã®éååå¿ãç¹°è¿ãããããããããªããŒ
ãæåã«åé¢ããçŽåã«æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã®
0.1N氎溶液ãæ·»å ããŠãåå¿æ··åç©ã®PHã8.8ã«
調ç¯ããããã®å ŽåãããªããŒãäœååéã®ç©è³ª
ã«éæ»ãããŠãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®ååšäžã§ïŒé±éä¿å
ããéã«æº¶è§£ããŠããŸãéãããªãå°ããªããã¡
ã¿ããŒã«ã«äžæº¶æ§ã®ç©è³ªã®åçã¯ãåå¿æ··åç©ã
äžåããªãã€ãå Žåã«ã¯ïŒïŒ ã§ãã€ãã®ã«èŒã¹ã
65ïŒ ã§ãã€ãã åèšã®ããŒã¿ã¯ãåå®èœæ§ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã®ååš
äžã§å®è³ªçãªããªããŒã®å解ãé²æ¢ããããã«
ã¯ãéåãå®äºããåŸã§åå¿æ··åç©ãäžåããå¿
èŠã®ããããšã瀺ããŠããã äŸ ïŒ ä¹³åãããé ¢é žããã«ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒãš
ãããã¢ã«ããããšã®åå¿ æ©æ¢°çã«é§åãããæ¹ææ©ãåä»ããåå¿åš
ã«ããã©ãŠãšã¢å·ãŠã€ã«ãã³ãã³ã®ã€ãŒã»ã¢ã€ã»
ããŠãã³ã»ãã»ããŒããŒã¹ç€ŸïŒE.I.DuPont de
Nemours and Co.ïŒããåæšãšã«ããŒã¹
ïŒElvaceïŒ1875ãšããŠå ¥æå¯èœãªãé ¢é žããã«ãš
ãšãã¬ã³ãšã®ã³ããªããŒã55ééïŒ å«ãæ°Žæ§ãšã
ã«ã·ãšã³54.51ïœãšãããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é ž0.55ïœãšãè£ å ¥ãããåŸãããæ··åç©ãåšå²æž©
床ã§20æéæ¹æããæç¹ã§7.28ïœã®ïœâãããã¢
ã«ããããåå¿åšã«å ãããåšå²æž©åºŠã«ãããŠã
ãã«20æéãåå¿æ··åç©ã®æ¹æãç¶ããããšãã«
ã·ãšã³ã¯åæããªãã€ãããšãã«ã·ãšã³ã®åéæ§
ãã€ã«ã ãã¢ã«ãããŠã æ¿ã®äžã«æµå»¶ãããå«ãŸ
ããŠãã液äœãèžçºããåŸãåæ¿ãããã€ã«ã ã
å¥ããšããå ã®é·ãã®çŽïŒåã«å»¶äŒžããããšãã§
ããã延䌞åããã€ããåé€ããšããã€ã«ã ã¯å®
質çã«å ã®å¯žæ³ã«æ»ã€ããã¢ã«ããããšåå¿ãã
ãåã®æåã®ã³ããªããŒãã圢æãããåããã
ãªãã€ã«ã ã¯ã延䌞ããåŸã§å ã®å¯žæ³ã«åçž®ãã
ããšããåŸåããªãã瀺ããªãã€ããïœâããã
ã¢ã«ããããšåå¿ãããåŸã®ãã€ã«ã ã瀺ããã®
匟åæ§ã¯ãã¢ã«ããããšåå¿ããããšã«ãã€ãŠã
è¥å¹²ã®ããªããŒã®æ¶æ©ãèµ·ããããšãè£ä»ããã
ã®ã§ãã€ãã äŸ ïŒ ïœâãããã¢ã«ããããšããããã·ã«æ«ç«¯åæ¢
ãŠã¬ã¿ã³ãªãªãŽããŒãšã®åå¿ ãã«ãšã³ãžã€ãœã·ã¢ããŒãïŒåžè²©ãããŠãã
ïŒïŒïŒâåã³ïŒïŒïŒâç°æ§äœã®æ··åç©ïŒ17.2ïœ
ïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒããšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«21.0ïœïŒ0.339ã¢
ã«ïŒåã³è§ŠåªãšããŠãªã¯ã¿ã³é žç¬¬äžé«0.3ïœãçµ
åããŠãã¬ããªããŒã補é ãããåŸãããæ··åç©
ã24æéæ¹æããããã®åå¿çæç©12.83ïœåã
ïœâãããã¢ã«ããã6.29ïœåã³ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒ
ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é ž0.94ïœã15.18ïœã®èžçæ°Žäžã«åæ£
ãããåŸãããæ··åç©ã宀枩ã§24æéæ¹æããã
æçµåå¿æ··åç©äžã«å«ãŸããåºåœ¢ç©ã也ç¥ãã50
c.c.ã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«äžã«ïŒé±éæŸçœ®ããããã®æç¹ã§
æ®ã€ãŠããåºåœ¢ç©è³ªã®åé¢ã也ç¥åã³ç§€éãè¡ã€
ããã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«äžæº¶æ§ã®ç©è³ªã®åçã¯ãè©Šè¬ã®
ééãåºæºã«ããèšç®å€ã«å¯ŸããŠ14ïŒ ã§ãã€ãã
ã²ã« ããŒããšãŒã·ãšã³ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ãŒã«ã
ã€ãŠæž¬å®ãããã®ç©è³ªã®æ°å¹³åååéã¯1864ã§ã
ã€ãããã¬ããªããŒã®ååéã¯äœãããŠãã²ã«
ããŒããšãŒã·ãšã³ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ãŒã«ãã枬å®
ãäžèœã§ãã€ãã äŸ ïŒ ïŒâããã¿ãã³åã³ïŒïŒ10âãã«ã³ãžãªãŒã«ã
ãããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã®è£œé 11.4ïœïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒâããã¿ãã³ã17.4ïœ
ïŒ0.1ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒïŒ10âãã«ã³ãžãªãŒã«ã3.14ïœã®
ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žåã³77ïœã®æ°Žãåå¿
åšã«è£ å ¥ãããåŸããããšãã«ã·ãšã³ãæ¹æããª
ãã50âã«ãããŠïŒæéå ç±ããåŸãå ç±ããã
ããããã«24æéæ¹æããåŸã0.1Nã®æ°Žé žåã
ããªãŠã 氎溶液ãçšããŠãšãã«ã·ãšã³ãPHïŒã«äž
åãããã®åŸã§å€§éå°ã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«äžã«æ³šããã
ã ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«äžã«å«ãŸããäžæº¶æ§ç©è³ªã®éã¯ã
45ïŒ ã®ããªããŒåçã«çžåœããã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ ïŒïŒ æ°Žæ§åªè³ªäžã«ãããŠã (a) å°ãªããšãïŒåã®ççŽ ååãšãïŒåããã
ã¯ãã以äžã®ããããã·ã«åºåã¯åŒ RCOOâ ïŒåŒäžã®ïŒ²ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«ã§ãã€ãŠãïŒãïŒå
ã®ççŽ ååãå«ããã®ãšããïŒãæããïŒå
ãããã¯ãã以äžã®ãšã¹ãã«åãããããã
ãã·ã«åºãšãå«ã¿ãããããã·ã«åºåã¯ãšã¹
ãã«åãããããããã·ã«åºãèèªæåã¯ç°
èèªæççŽ ååã«çµåããŠããå°ãªããšãïŒ
çš®ã®è©Šè¬ã (b) å°ãªããšãïŒåã®ççŽ ååãå«ãå°ãªããš
ãïŒçš®ã®ã«ã«ããã«ååç©ïŒãã ãã該ã«ã«
ããã«ååç©ã¯ãåå®èœæ§åã³å€å®èœæ§ã¢ã«
ããããšãåå®èœæ§åã³å€å®èœæ§ã±ãã³ãšã
ããªã矀ããéžã°ãããããã«ã«ããã«åå
ç©ã®ã«ã«ããã«åºã¯èèªæåã¯ç°èèªæççŽ
ååã«çµåããŠãããã®ãšããïŒãåã³ (c) (a)ãš(b)ãšã®åå¿é床ãä¿é²ãããã®ã«æå¹
ãªéã®å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®éçž®åçšè§Šåªã ãããªãæ··åç©ãä¹³åããããã㊠ïŒïŒ ãã®åŸã§ãææã®çæç©ãåŸããããŸã§(a)
ãš(b)ãšãåå¿ãããã äžèšè«žå·¥çšãããªãããšãç¹åŸŽãšãããä¹³åé
åã«ãã€ãŠããªã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã³ããªã±ã¿ãŒã«ã補
é ããæ¹æ³ã ïŒ æå(a)ãåŒHOR1OHïŒäžã®R1ã¯ãããã«ã«
ãã¬ã³ã眮æãããã«ã«ãã¬ã³ãåã¯åŒ ãåŒããåŒããåŒãââã ãåŒã ãããã¯ãåŒã ãæããé£çµåºã«ãã€ãŠçµåãããå°ãªããšãïŒ
åã®ãããã«ã«ãã¬ã³åºãããªãç³»åãè¡šãã
ããR1ã¯å°ãªããšãïŒåã®ççŽ ååãå«ã¿ãã
ããŠèèªæåã¯ç°èèªæççŽ ååãä»ããŠå°ãªã
ãšãïŒåã®ããããã·ã«åºã«çµåããŠãããã®ãš
ããïŒã«ãã€ãŠè¡šãããããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ïŒã«
èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ã«ã«ããã«ååç©(b)ãåŒ R4R5CïŒïŒ¯ åã¯ãåŒã ïŒåŒäžã®R4ã¯ãããã«ã«ãã«åã¯çœ®æããã
ã«ã«ãã«ãè¡šãããR5ãR6åã³R8ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ããã
ãã«ã«ãã«åã³çœ®æãããã«ã«ãã«ãããªã矀ã
ãããããå¥åã«éžã°ããR7ã¯ãããã«ã«ãã¬
ã³ãè¡šããããããŠïœã¯å°ãªããšãïŒã®å€ãæã
ãæŽæ°ãè¡šããïŒã«ãã€ãŠè¡šãããããã該ã«ã«
ããã«ååç©ãå°ãªããšãïŒåã®ççŽ ååãå«
ã¿ããã€ãã«ã«ããã«åºãèèªæåã¯ç°èèªæç
çŽ ååã«çµåããŠãããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ïŒã®èšèŒ
ã®æ¹æ³ã
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/369,690 US4374953A (en) | 1982-04-19 | 1982-04-19 | Method for preparing polyacetals and polyketals by emulsion polymerization |
US369690 | 1982-04-19 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS58189216A JPS58189216A (ja) | 1983-11-04 |
JPH0524165B2 true JPH0524165B2 (ja) | 1993-04-07 |
Family
ID=23456496
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP58068265A Granted JPS58189216A (ja) | 1982-04-19 | 1983-04-18 | ä¹³åéåã«ããããªã¢ã»ã¿âã«ããã³ããªã±ã¿âã«ã®è£œé æ³ |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4374953A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0092319B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPS58189216A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA1181889A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE3366197D1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5093460A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1992-03-03 | Amoco Corporation | Monomers and polyketal polymers from such monomers |
US4857607A (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1989-08-15 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Epoxidized polycycloacetals |
US4908406A (en) * | 1988-01-14 | 1990-03-13 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Curable mixture |
DE3835840A1 (de) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-05-31 | Hoechst Ag | Polyvinylacetalgruppen enthaltende pfropfpolymerisate auf polyurethanpfropfgrundlagen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
US5856401A (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1999-01-05 | Saam Associates | Method of preparing condensation polymers by emulsion polymerization |
WO1996000760A1 (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-11 | Tri-Point Medical Corporation | pH-MODIFIED BIOCOMPATIBLE MONOMER AND POLYMER COMPOSITIONS |
US5750751A (en) * | 1995-11-02 | 1998-05-12 | Michigan Molecular Institute | Glycol co-esters of drying-oil fatty acids and vinyl carboxylic acids made via biphasic catalysis and resulting products |
US6331583B1 (en) | 2000-04-04 | 2001-12-18 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Acid catalyzed polymerization of aqueous epoxy resin emulsions and uses thereof |
ATE410459T1 (de) | 2002-01-14 | 2008-10-15 | Gen Hospital Corp | Bioabbaubare polyketale, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung sowie ihre verwendung |
WO2007098041A1 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-30 | Medtronic, Inc. | Polyketal polymers, and methods of making and using same |
US20090061515A1 (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-03-05 | Michael Eric Benz | Methods of inhibiting or suppressing cellular proliferation |
JP5957509B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-16 | 2016-07-27 | ã㊠ã°ããŒãã« ãã¯ãããžãŒãº ãšã«ãšã«ã·ãŒ | æ¶æ©æ§çµæç©ãæ¶æ©æ§çµæç©ã®è£œé æ¹æ³ããã³æ¶æ©æ§çµæç©ãã補é ãããæ¶æ©ãããçµæç© |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2071252A (en) * | 1935-01-02 | 1937-02-16 | Du Pont | A linear polyacetal and process for producing the same |
US2944989A (en) * | 1956-06-08 | 1960-07-12 | Harvel Res Corp | Acetone-formaldehyde-glycol resins and blends with other polymers |
US2895945A (en) * | 1956-07-30 | 1959-07-21 | Shell Dev | Aldehyde polyerythritol polymers |
US2963464A (en) * | 1957-06-10 | 1960-12-06 | Shawinigan Resins Corp | Thermoplastic, high melting polyspiranes |
US3048560A (en) * | 1958-08-07 | 1962-08-07 | Shawinigan Resins Corp | Polyspirane resin cured in the presence of an acid catalyst, mixtures thereof with other resinous materials, process for preparing same, and electrical conductor coated therewith |
US3061566A (en) * | 1958-10-01 | 1962-10-30 | Shawinigan Resins Corp | Process for the preparation of an aqueous dispersion of discrete polyspirane resin particles and product produced thereby |
US3075935A (en) * | 1959-12-17 | 1963-01-29 | Shawinigan Resins Corp | Coating compositions of aqueous vinyl acetate polymer emulsions modified with ketone-aldehyde resins |
GB2017124A (en) * | 1978-03-20 | 1979-10-03 | Krause Milling Co | Method of Producing Difunctional Aldehyde Adducts of Polyol Compounds |
-
1982
- 1982-04-19 US US06/369,690 patent/US4374953A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1983
- 1983-02-18 CA CA000421927A patent/CA1181889A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-03-24 EP EP83301655A patent/EP0092319B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-03-24 DE DE8383301655T patent/DE3366197D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-04-18 JP JP58068265A patent/JPS58189216A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0092319B1 (en) | 1986-09-17 |
US4374953A (en) | 1983-02-22 |
CA1181889A (en) | 1985-01-29 |
JPS58189216A (ja) | 1983-11-04 |
EP0092319A1 (en) | 1983-10-26 |
DE3366197D1 (en) | 1986-10-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0076998B1 (en) | Method for preparing condensation polymers by emulsion polymerization | |
JPH0524165B2 (ja) | ||
EP0085244B1 (en) | Polycaprolactone polymers | |
BarrÚre et al. | Polyester synthesis in aqueous miniemulsion | |
JP3377143B2 (ja) | èèªæããªãšã¹ãã«å ±éåäœã®è£œé æ³ | |
US5814675A (en) | Process for the preparation of polyurethane microspheres | |
WO1997002303A1 (fr) | Composition de polyisocyanate a aptitude a l'emulsion et stabilite elevees, et composition aqueuse de revetement la contenant | |
DE60313138T2 (de) | Herstellung von poly(carbonat-co-ester) copolymeren | |
JPS6410542B2 (ja) | ||
SU795489A3 (ru) | СпПÑПб пПлÑÑеМО ÑаÑÑОÑМПгОЎРÐлОзÐÐÐÐÐÐгРпÐлОÐОÐОлÐÑÐТÐТР| |
US3386932A (en) | Novel cellulosics, segmented copolymers, and methods of preparing same | |
US4837244A (en) | Method for the preparation of polyurethane foams | |
BR102013007463A2 (pt) | Resina forte para emulsificação sem solvente | |
LT5544B (lt) | Deguonį sugeriantys poliesteriai su prislopintomis pakartotinio panaudojimo spalvomis | |
CA1114542A (en) | Branched segment polymers | |
Merrill | Block copolymers based on 2, 2âbis (4âhydroxyphenyl)âpropane polycarbonate. I. Preparation and properties of copolymers from a variety of homopolymers | |
Jialanella et al. | Synthesis of Poly (vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl gallate) by the Chemical Modification of Poly (vinyl alcohol) | |
US3429834A (en) | Diol of poly(butene-2-oxide)s | |
US20110275729A1 (en) | Process for controlled degradation of polyhydroxyalkanoates and products obtainable therefrom | |
US5856401A (en) | Method of preparing condensation polymers by emulsion polymerization | |
US2963464A (en) | Thermoplastic, high melting polyspiranes | |
US3726887A (en) | Process of making polyesterpolyols | |
JP3046659B2 (ja) | ãŠã¬ã¿ã³çµåãå«ãèèªæããªãšã¹ãã«ã®è£œé æ¹æ³ | |
JP3374617B2 (ja) | èèªæããªãšã¹ãã«å ±éåäœã®è£œé æ³ | |
GB2155487A (en) | Catalyzed urethanation of polymers |