JPH05224717A - Index machine and using method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the maching accuracy of a work by obtaining the positional deviation of center axes of a jig and a tool identified by the jig identifying means and a tool identifying means respectively, from a storage means, thereby controlling the movements of the tool so as to correct the tool position. CONSTITUTION:The center axis of each work clamping jig 25 at respective divided positions A-L on a turntable 23 has the deviation in accuracy from the original point of the XY coordinates of a machining unit 1. In this respect, a jig identifying means 41 identifies the jig 25 set at its own position among those jigs 25 of positions A-L on the turntable 23 at every unit 1. At the same time, a tool identifying means 42 identifies the selected machining tool 2. A control means 43 sets the shift coordinates based on the XY data stored in a storage means 40. Then the means 43 controls to displace a turret main body 3 by means of an X-axis driving motor 17 and a Y-axis driving motor.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an index machine, and more particularly to an index machine for machining a work with high accuracy by a plurality of steps.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An index machine is an apparatus for processing a workpiece, which is a workpiece, into a desired shape through a plurality of different processing steps. A conventional index machine, for example, in the case of a rotary index machine, has a circular turntable. On this turntable, a plurality of jigs for rotatably supporting a work as a workpiece are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A plurality of processing units are arranged around the turntable at the same intervals as the jig, and each processing unit is provided with a plurality of the same or different tools by a turret or the like. By rotating this turret,
A tool according to the type of workpiece to be machined and each machining process of the workpiece is selected for each machining unit.

In such a conventional rotary index machine, a plurality of works are supported by each jig of the turntable. The turntable moves the work to a position corresponding to each processing unit, stops at this position for a certain time, and then rotates to move the work to the position of the next processing unit. On the other hand, each processing unit processes a workpiece that moves by rotation of the turntable by selecting a processing tool according to the processing step.

In this way, each work is moved to each machining unit position by the turntable, and a series of machining consisting of a plurality of processes is performed by each machining tool selected by each machining unit. There is.

[0005]

However, in such a conventional rotary index machine, the turntable is rotated to move each jig to a position corresponding to each machining unit. There was an unavoidable error in accuracy between and the origin of the corresponding XY coordinates of the processing unit. Also, when selecting a plurality of tools supported by the turret of each machining unit according to the machining process of the workpiece, the XY of the central axis when each tool is selected and the machining unit that supports this tool There was an unavoidable error in accuracy with the coordinate origin. Therefore, the processing accuracy of the work is, for example, about ± 30 μm by the error.
Had fallen to the rank.

The above-mentioned deterioration of the machining accuracy is not limited to the rotary index machine, and is similarly present in the linear index machine in which the works are linearly arranged. For this reason, in the conventional index machine, it is necessary to perform secondary processing on a work that requires a certain degree of high accuracy, and the work efficiency in processing is reduced. Further, the work that cannot be subjected to the secondary processing cannot be mass-produced by using the index machine.

The index machine of the present invention is constructed in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide an index machine capable of improving the machining accuracy of a work.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of jigs for clamping a work are arranged, the work moving means for moving the clamped work to a predetermined machining step position, and the work. A plurality of tools for machining the workpiece, and a selection means for selecting the tool according to the machining process of the work or the type of the work, and a tool moving means for moving the tool selected by the selection means. Corresponding to each of the at least one machining unit arranged in the above and a plurality of jigs moved to a predetermined machining step position by the work moving means, and selected by the central axis of each jig and the selecting means. Storage means for preliminarily storing the deviation from the center axis of each tool, tool identification means for identifying the tool selected by the selection means, and movement by the work moving means. The jig identifying means for identifying the formed jig and the tool moving means for correcting the position of the tool by obtaining the deviation corresponding to the jig and the tool identified by the both identifying means from the storage means. The index machine is provided with a control means for controlling the movement to achieve the above object.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the central axis of each jig and each of the jigs selected by the selecting means correspond to each of the plurality of jigs that are moved to a predetermined machining step position by the work moving means. Deviations from the central axis of the tool are measured and stored in advance, the tool is moved so as to eliminate the deviation, the position is corrected, and then the work is processed by the tool, and the jigs are moved. The above operation is repeated each time or each time a tool is newly selected.

[0010]

According to the index machine having such a configuration, the deviation between the central axis of each jig and the central axis of each tool arranged on the work moving means is measured in advance and stored in the storage means. At the time of machining, the control means obtains a shift corresponding to the jig moved from the storage means and the selected tool, and controls the tool moving means to move the tool and correct the shift. After the center positions match, the workpiece is machined with a tool. By repeating the above operation every time another work is moved to the machining process position by the work moving means or whenever the machining tool is changed, the machining accuracy is improved and mass production of highly accurate works is performed. Is possible.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the index machine of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
1 to 5 show the structure of a rotary index machine. As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary index machine includes a machining unit 1, and the machining unit 1 supports a plurality of machining tools 2 such as a drill and a cutting tool. As shown in FIG. 2, each machining tool 2 is supported at or in each position of a turret head 4 formed in a hexagonal shape, for example. The turret head 4 is supported by the turret body 3.

As shown in FIG. 3, the turret head 4 is driven and rotated by a turret split motor 9, and a machining tool 2 corresponding to a machining process of a workpiece 24 supported by a workpiece clamping jig 25. Is selected. Processing tool 2 selected by turret split motor 9
Is driven and rotated by a turret tool rotation motor 10 to process a work. A tool that does not require rotation, such as a cutting tool, performs a machining operation without the tool rotation motor 10.

As shown in FIG. 4, the turret body 3 supporting the turret head 4 slides the Z slider portion 8 in the Z-axis direction (vertical direction in the figure) by the drive of the Z-axis drive motor 6. That is, when the Z-axis drive motor 6 is driven, the turret body 3 slides the Z slider portion 8 upward or downward via the gear mechanism 5 and the ball screw mechanism 7.

Further, as shown in the figure, the turret body 3 is driven by a Y-axis drive motor 11 (actuator), and is driven by a Y-axis through a gear mechanism 12 and a ball screw mechanism 13.
The slider portion 14 is slid back and forth in the Y-axis direction (left-right direction in FIG. 4). Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the turret body 3 drives the X-axis drive motor 17 (actuator) to move the X-slider portion 20 in the X-axis direction (left-right direction in the figure) via the gear mechanism 18 and the ball screw mechanism 19. It is designed to slide back and forth.

In FIG. 1, a turntable 23 is arranged below the machining tool 2. This turntable 2
3, a work clamp jig 25 for supporting the work 24 rotatably around the axis is arranged.
As shown in FIG. 5, the work clamp jig 25 is arranged at each of the divided positions A to L, which are circumferentially divided into, for example, 12 parts on the circumference of the turntable 23. A plurality of processing units 1 for processing the respective works 24 supported by the work clamp jig 25 are arranged at the respective processing step positions I to XII corresponding to the respective division positions A to L. There is.

The turntable 23 is rotationally driven by a motor (not shown), and the work 24 supported at each of the dividing positions A to L is stopped at a position corresponding to each of the machining process positions I to XII for a certain period of time, and then each of the dividing positions is divided. Rotate by the angle between the positions. During this stop time, each processing unit 1 placed at each processing step position I to XII
However, the processing tool 2 is selected according to the type of the workpiece 24 and the machining process at that position, and predetermined machining is performed.

For example, at the machining step position I in FIG. 5, a new work 24 is loaded and the division position A is reached.
It is clamped by the work clamp jig 25. Then, when the turntable 23 is rotationally moved, the workpiece clamping jig 25 at the division position L is moved to the machining step position I, and a new workpiece 24 is loaded and clamped. On the other hand, the workpiece 24 clamped by the workpiece clamping jig 25 at the division position A is moved to the machining step position II by the rotational movement of the turntable 23, and the machining unit 1 arranged at this position moves the workpiece 24 as shown in FIG. Rough machining is performed on the prepared hole as shown in).

In the same manner as above, the division position A is set at each processing step position III to X along with the rotation of the turntable 23.
Moved to II. 6 (b) at the machining step position III, the end face finishing as shown in FIG. 6 (c) at IV, and the tip end as shown in FIG. 6 (d) at V. Roughing drilling for end openings, VI
In Fig. 6 (e), rough machining of the inner sheet surface, in VII, simple chip cleaning with high pressure, VII
For I, finish processing of the inner sheet surface as shown in FIG. 6 (f), for IX, finish processing of the tip opening as shown in FIG. 7 (g), and for X, length as shown in FIG. 7 (h). Recess processing for expanding the hole diameter in the middle of the depth direction, cleaning of the processed portion as shown in FIG. 7I in XI, and unclamping and unloading of the work 24 in XII are performed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the work clamp jig 2 is provided below the work clamp jig 25.
A rotary drive unit 28 that rotationally drives the work 24 via the motor 5 is arranged. The rotary drive unit 28 is provided with a connecting joint portion 29 that transmits rotation to the work clamp jig 25. The rotation from the jig rotation motor 31 is transmitted to the connection joint portion 29 via the belt 30. Further, the connecting joint portion 29 is connected to the piston tip portion of the air cylinder 34. When the connecting joint portion 29 is lifted by the operation of the air cylinder 34, the connecting joint portion 29 is rotatably connected to the work clamp jig 25. ing.

As shown in FIG. 5, each processing unit 1 is provided with storage means 40, jig identification means 41, tool identification means 42, and control means 43. That is, the storage means 40 stores the deviation amounts of the central axes of the workpiece clamping jig 25 and the machining tool 2. FIG. 8 conceptually shows the deviation amount stored in the storage means 40. As shown in this figure, the storage means 40 stores the shift amounts corresponding to each combination of the work clamp jig 25 and the processing tool 2 as an XY component (unit: μm). Since this deviation amount is unique to each machining unit 1, it is measured and stored in advance as follows for each machining unit. That is, each of the machining tools 2 is sequentially selected for each of the workpiece clamping jigs 25 arranged at each of the dividing positions A to L, and, for example, a laser beam is emitted from the X-axis and Y-axis directions to cause a deviation. The XY component of the quantity is measured. Further, the test work 4 may be actually processed at each of the divided positions A to L to measure the error.

The jig identifying means 41 identifies which one of the divided positions A to L the workpiece clamping jig 25 is currently located at the predetermined machining unit 1, and the tool identifying means 42 identifies the workpiece. Which machining tool 2 is currently selected is identified corresponding to the 24 machining steps. The identification in the jig identifying means 41 and the tool identifying means 42 is performed, for example, by an output signal of a ring counter (not shown).

That is, every time the turntable 23 rotates, a limit switch (not shown) detects the rotation and 12 flip-flops are supplied to a ring counter connected in a ring. In the ring counter, the position signal of the turntable 23 is detected by moving the position of "1" every time a signal is supplied from the limit switch. This state signal is supplied to the jig identifying means 41 of each processing unit 1 arranged at each process position I to XII. Each jig identifying means 41 identifies the workpiece clamping jig 25 that is currently on the basis of the supplied state signal.

On the other hand, each machining unit 1 is provided with a ring counter composed of a limit switch (not shown) and six flip-flops, and the tool identification means 42 identifies the machining tool 2 from the status signal output from the ring counter. Identify. The amount of deviation X stored in the storage unit 40 is
The measurement of the Y component and the identification by the jig identifying means 41 and the tool identifying means 42 may be performed by other methods. For example, in the jig identifying means 41, the turntable 23 is rotationally moved after being stopped for a certain period of time as described above. However, by interlocking with a timer for starting the rotational movement, the work clamp jig 25 is moved. You may make it identify.

The control means 43 extracts corresponding data from the storage means 40 based on the signals from the jig identifying means 41 and the tool identifying means 42. Then, based on this data, the Y-axis drive motor 11 and the X-axis drive motor 17 are controlled so that the central axis of the work clamp jig 25 and the origin of the XY coordinates of the machining unit 1 coincide with each other with high accuracy. Is becoming

Next, the operation of the index machine configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. The center axis of each of the work clamp jigs 25 at each of the divided positions A to L on the turntable 23 has a deviation in accuracy from the origin of the XY coordinates of the processing unit 1. Therefore, for each machining unit 1, the work clamp jig 25 at any of the divided positions A to L of the turntable 23 is provided.
Is identified by the jig identifying means 41 (step 1), and which machining tool 2 is selected is identified by the tool identifying means 42 (step 2). For example, when the work clamp jig 25 at the division position B is present at a certain machining unit 1 and it is identified that a machining tool is selected, the control means 43
The coordinate system of the shift is set from the XY data of FIG. 8 stored in the storage means 40 (step 3). Then, the control means 43 controls the X-axis drive motor 17 to displace the turret body 3 in the X-axis direction by -3 μm and the Y-axis drive motor 11 to displace the turret body 3 in the Y-axis direction by -5 μm (step 4). ).

The correction operation of the processing unit 1 is as follows.
The plurality of processing units 1 at each process position simultaneously perform the processes according to the respective deviation amounts. After that, the work 24 is processed by the processing tool 2 (step 5). in this way,
Since the work 24 is machined after the deviation between the center axis of the work clamp jig 25 and the center axis of the machining tool 2 is eliminated, the machining accuracy of the work 24 is improved.

When the machining is completed (step 6; Y), the turret body 3 of the machining unit 1 is returned to the origin of the XY coordinates (step 7), the turntable 23 is rotated by one division angle, and the machining unit 1 is next processed. The work clamp jig 25 at the divided position comes (step 8). Next, it is determined whether or not there is an abnormality such as breakage of the machining tool 2 (step 9). If no abnormality has occurred, the process returns to step S1 and the same operation is repeated. When there is a signal of the above-mentioned abnormality or processing stop, the operation of the entire apparatus is stopped (step 11).

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the deviation between the center axis of each work clamp jig 25 and the center axis of each machining tool 2 arranged at each divided position of the turntable. Is measured and stored in advance, and in machining, the machining tool 2 of the machining unit 1 is moved in the XY directions so as to eliminate the deviation between the machining units simultaneously in the machining units, and the turntable 23 corresponds to each process position. By repeating this operation every time the machine is stopped, it is possible to improve the working accuracy of the work and mass-produce the work with high accuracy using the rotary index machine.

Although the rotary index machine has been described in the above-described embodiments, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to, for example, a linear index machine. In the embodiment described above, the deviation between the center axis of the work clamp jig 25 and the center axis of the machining tool 2 is stored in the storage means.
In the present invention, in addition, the origin of XY coordinates is set to each processing unit 1.
Jig for work clamp 25 for each origin
The deviation of the machining tool 2 and the deviation of the machining tool 2 may be stored separately. In this case, the control means calculates the amount of movement of the turret body 3 in the X and Y directions from the deviation of the work clamp jig 25 and the deviation of the machining tool 2, and controls the displacement by the calculated amount.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, the deviation of the central axes of the jig and the tool identified by the jig identifying means and the tool identifying means is obtained from the storage means, and the position of the tool is corrected. The movement is controlled by the control means,
It is possible to improve the processing accuracy of the work.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a processing unit of a rotary index machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the turret head shown in FIG.

3 is a top view of the rotary index machine of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the processing unit shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a positional relationship between a processing unit and a turntable.

FIG. 6 is a machining cross-sectional view of a workpiece with a machining tool for explaining a part of a machining process performed by each machining unit.

FIG. 7 is a machining cross-sectional view of a workpiece with a machining tool, which illustrates another part of the machining process performed by each machining unit.

FIG. 8 is a diagram exemplifying data of deviations of the measured central axes of the work clamp jig and the processing tool as XY components.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an operation procedure of the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing unit 2 Processing tool 10 Turret tool rotation motor 11 Y-axis drive motor 17 X-axis drive motor 23 Turntable 24 Work piece 25 Work clamp jig 40 Storage means 41 Jig identification means 42 Tool identification means 43 Control means

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A workpiece machining apparatus comprising a plurality of jigs for clamping a workpiece, a workpiece moving unit for moving the clamped workpiece to a predetermined machining step position, and a plurality of tools for machining the workpiece. At least one machining unit having a selecting means for selecting a tool according to a type of a process or a work and a tool moving means for moving the tool selected by the selecting means; The deviation between the center axis of each jig and the center axis of each tool selected by the selecting means is stored in advance in correspondence with each of the plurality of jigs moved to a predetermined machining step position by the work moving means. Storing means, tool identifying means for identifying the tool selected by the selecting means, and jig identifying means for identifying the jig moved by the work moving means And a control means for controlling movement of the tool moving means so as to obtain a deviation corresponding to the jig and the tool identified by the both identifying means from the storage means and correct the position of the tool. Index machine to do. 2. A center axis of each jig and a center axis of each tool selected by the selecting means corresponding to each of the plurality of jigs moved to a predetermined machining step position by the work moving means. Each deviation is measured and stored in advance, the tool is moved so as to eliminate the deviation and the position is corrected, and then the work is processed by the tool. A method of using an index machine, which is characterized in that the above operation is repeated each time the item is selected.