JPH05204431A - Automatic program preparing device provided with automatic changing function for cutting shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To unnecessitate the confirmation of a program list by sight, or the correction of the program by automatically outputting a machining program in which a cutting shaft is changed to the other cutting shaft enabling a cutting, when machining shaped data beyond the stroke range of the preliminarily selected cutting shaft are inputted. CONSTITUTION:A stroke check means 6 calculates the stroke amounts of the cutting shaft based on the preliminarily inputted movable range and machining data of each kind of cutting shaft, and operates a stroke check based on the stroke amounts. In the case of the stroke over, a cutting shaft changing means 7 changes the cutting shaft to the other cutting shaft enabling the cutting, and a machining program editing means 4 prepares the changed machining program. The machining program can be always executed as it is. Thus, the confirmation of the machining program list by sight, the confirmation of an actual machine, and the correction of the program by an operator can be omitted. Therefore, an operational man-hour can be reduced, and an operating time can be shortened.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic program generator for a numerical controller for controlling a machine tool, and in particular, it is capable of cutting when machining data that exceeds a preselected movable range of a cutting axis is input. The present invention relates to an automatic program creation device with an automatic changing function of a cutting axis in a numerical control device, which is automatically changed to another cutting axis, and a cutting program for the changed cutting axis is output to perform cutting control.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an NC machine tool having a plurality of cutting axes, when cutting is performed on any one of the X axis, Y axis, and XC axis, the XC axis is used for cutting, that is, the so-called polar coordinate type cutting. Since the workpiece is rotated by the C-axis to perform cutting, a situation where cutting is impossible due to insufficient stroke of the cutting axis does not occur. However, in this case, the biaxial control is performed, the calculation becomes complicated and it takes time, and the machining accuracy is lower than that in the cutting by the uniaxial control of the X axis or the Y axis. Therefore, if the material is uniaxially cut, the uniaxial cutting is performed. However, in this one-axis cutting, machining data that exceeds the movable range of the selected cutting axis, that is, the stroke range of the cutting axis may be input for the preselected cutting axis. For example, each drawing of FIG. 3 shows the case where the oblong groove 21 is cut on the end face circular work 20, and the cutting positions are different from each other. The solid lines 22, 23, and 24 are lines indicating the movable range of the X-axis and Y-axis cutting axes for cutting, that is, the stroke limit in one embodiment of the present invention described later. For example, in the Y-axis direction, the hatched portions surrounded by the lines 22 of +50 mm and -50 mm to the left and right of the center line, and the line 24 of -20 mm below the center line in the X-axis direction are the cutting axes. It is within the stroke range. The stroke of the cutting axis to the upper side, that is, to the plus side of the X-axis, almost extends to the mechanical limit position of the machine tool, and in general, the situation of uncutability does not occur in particular,
This is also the case in the present embodiment.

As described above, there are cases in which cutting exceeding the stroke range of the preselected cutting axis is designated. However, when the automatic program creating means creates a machining program based on the parameters and machining shape data, the relationship between the machining shape and the stroke of the cutting axis, that is, the stroke of the selected cutting axis is the machining shape to be cut. It is the current situation that a machining program is created without making any particular judgment as to whether cutting is possible in all areas. Therefore, in this case, regarding the relationship between the stroke of the cutting axis and the machining shape, the person in charge visually confirms the list of created machining programs, or confirms the actual machine according to the machining program, that is, the output. The machining program is executed by the numerical control device and the machine tool is actually operated to check the stroke of the cutting axis. Then, if there is data input of a machining shape that exceeds the stroke range of the cutting axis, the program is corrected and a finally executable machining program is created.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and when a machining program for performing a cutting process is created by an automatic program creating means, a preselected cutting axis is used. When machining shape data that exceeds the stroke range of is input, the machining program list is created so that the machining program changed to another cutting axis that can be cut automatically is output. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic program creation device with a function of automatically changing a cutting axis in a numerical control device that does not require visual confirmation work or actual device confirmation work, and therefore does not require the operator to modify the program.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an automatic program creating apparatus for a numerical controller for controlling a machine tool having X, Y, Z and C cutting axes. Cutting axis selecting means for selecting which cutting axis of the machine tool, X axis, Y axis, or XC axis which is controlled by a polar coordinate system, is used, and parameters as data for controlling the cutting axis. And a parameter storing data for processing data, data storage means, and when the cutting axis selecting means selects the X-axis or the Y-axis, the X-axis or Y-axis based on the input processing data. A stroke check that calculates the stroke amount when cutting the axis and checks whether the stroke amount obtained by this calculation is within the movable range of the X-axis or Y-axis. Performs click, below, and the stroke check means for performing the stroke check for new X-axis or Y-axis that is altered by the cutting axis changing means, which is selected by the cutting axis selection means X
When the stroke amount of the axis or Y axis checked by the stroke checking means exceeds the movable range of the X axis or Y axis, the cutting axis selecting means selects one of the X axis or the Y axis. Is changed to the other, and the stroke check means again performs a stroke check on the changed cutting axis, and when the checked stroke amount exceeds the movable range of the X axis or Y axis, the XC axis based on polar coordinates is used. And a cutting axis changing means for changing the cutting axis, and based on the stroke check by the stroke checking means, which of the X-axis, Y-axis, and XC-axis cutting axes is to be used for cutting is determined. A machining program editing means for creating a machining program and a machining program editing means And it is an arrangement and a control unit for performing a cutting control of the machine tool based on the machining program.

[0006]

[Operation] The operation of the present invention will be described by appropriately using the flowchart shown in FIG. First, when either the X-axis or the Y-axis is input and selected by the cutting-axis selecting means 12 (see FIG. 1), the stroke checking means 6 causes the parameter / data stored in the parameter / data storing means 3 to be stored. Of the above, the movable range of the relevant axis is read out, and based on this, a stroke check is performed to determine whether the stroke of the relevant cutting axis in the case of actual cutting is possible over the entire range (step 2-
1). When the stroke check means 6 checks that the stroke is not exceeded and cutting is possible (step 2-2), the machining program editing means 4 creates a cutter path as a machining program (step 2-7). When the stroke check by the stroke check means 6 makes it impossible to cut due to overstroke (step 2-2), the cutting axis changing means 7 changes the cutting axis from one of the X axis and the Y axis to the other (step). 2-3), the stroke check means 6 again performs a stroke check on the changed cutting axis (step 2-4). If the stroke check does not result in a stroke over (step 2-5), a cutter path is created by the machining program editing means 4 (step 2-7), but in the case of a stroke over, both the X axis and the Y axis are cut. In this case, the program by the polar coordinate system, that is, the cutting by the X axis and the C axis is selected (step 2-
6) The machining program editing means creates a cutter path for the X axis and the C axis (step 2-
7). The control unit controls the cutting of the NC machine tool based on the cutter path, that is, the machining program created by the machining program editing means 4.

[0007]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a device configuration of the present invention. In the figure, A is an apparatus configuration diagram of an automatic program creating device as the automatic program creating means for interactively inputting data and outputting a machining program for cutting, and B is the control for controlling cutting. FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of a numerical control device that controls an NC machine tool based on a machining program created by an automatic program creating device A. Among these, in the automatic program creating apparatus A, 1 is a central processing unit (CPU ₁ ) and 1a is its main bus. Reference numeral 2 is a ROM as a system program memory for storing and storing a system program of a system in which data is interactively input, and 3 is various parameters set for automatic program creating means, and movement of each cutting axis. A parameter in which data for machining including a range is stored and stored, a RAM as data storage means, and 4 is an interactive machining program editing means for creating a machining program while interacting with a screen of a CRT which is a display means ( Hereinafter referred to as machining program editing means), 5
Is a RAM as a working memory in which the machining program editing means 4 temporarily stores data as a working area for program editing. Reference numeral 6 denotes a stroke check means, which is a keyboard 12 as cutting axis selecting means which will be described later.
Therefore, when either the X-axis or the Y-axis or the cutting axis of the XC axis, which is the polar coordinate, is input for selection, the RA as the parameter / data storage means is obtained.
Based on the parameters and machining data stored in M3, the stroke amount of the selected cutting axis at the time of cutting is calculated, and whether the stroke amount obtained by this calculation is within the movable range of the X axis or Y axis. Check the stroke. In addition, the same stroke check is performed for the X axis or the Y axis changed by the cutting axis changing means described later. Reference numeral 7 denotes a cutting axis changing means, which changes one of the X axis and the Y axis to the other when the stroke amount checked by the stroke checking means 6 exceeds the movable range of the cutting axis. When this change is made, the stroke check means 6 performs the stroke check again. Reference numeral 8 denotes a program transfer means for performing transfer control when transferring the machining program edited by the machining program editing means 4 and temporarily stored in the working memory 5 to the numerical controller B, Reference numeral 9 is a data transfer interface for this purpose.

Next, in the numerical controller B as a control unit for cutting, 10 is a central processing unit (CPU ₂ ) and 10a is its main bus. Reference numeral 11 is a CRT which is a display means, and 11a is a control circuit for this CRT.
Reference numeral 12 is a keyboard as a cutting axis selection means and a data input means. Reference numeral 13 is a ROM as a system program memory for storing and storing the system program of the numerical controller B, and 14 is a RAM as a memory for storing data such as various parameters necessary for the numerical controller.
Is. 15 is a servomotor for operating the cutting axis, 16
Is a servo amplifier, and 17 is an interpolation circuit for controlling the movement of the cutting axis. In FIG. 1, the X axis is shown, and the Z, Y, and C axes are omitted. 18
Is an NC machining program memory, which receives the machining program created by the automatic program creating apparatus A through the interface 9 and stores and stores it.

In the automatic program creating device with the automatic changing function of the cutting axis in the numerical control apparatus configured as described above, first, the cutting axis is selected by the input from the keyboard 12 as the cutting axis selecting means. In this case, the subsequent processing is different when the X axis or the Y axis is selected and when the polar coordinate type cutting by the XC axis is designated. That is, the polar coordinate type cutting by the XC axis can be performed in the entire processing range as described above. Therefore, if this designation is made first, the stroke check by the stroke check means is not performed as it is,
The machining program editing means 4 creates a cutter path, which is a machining program, on the XC axis in the polar coordinate system. When the X-axis or the Y-axis is selected as the cutting axis, the stroke check unit 6 performs a stroke check, and in some cases the cutting axis is converted to create a cutter path as a machining program.

The stroke check will be described below with reference to FIG. Although FIG. 3 is partially described in the section of the prior art, first, in FIG. 3 (a), an example in which an oblong groove 21 is cut on the end face of the work 20 is shown. In the present embodiment, in the Y-axis direction, the lines 22 and -50 m are +50 mm from the center line.
The line 23 of m is the stroke limit, and the line 24 -20 mm below the center line in the X-axis direction is the stroke limit of the cutting axis. As described above, there is a stroke up to the mechanical limit position of the machine tool in the upper part in the X-axis direction, and in general, a situation in which cutting cannot be performed does not occur in this direction. Due to the above, in this example, the hatched portion shown in each drawing of the end surface of the work 20 is indicated by X.
It is a machinable area of the axis or the Y axis. Therefore,
In FIG. 3 (a), in the X-axis cutting, since the stroke of the X-axis is over at the part of (a) and the cutting is impossible, if this is changed to the Y-axis cutting as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the cutting can be performed for all strokes. . In Fig. 3 (c), if the Y-axis cutting is selected, the stroke will be over in part B, so as shown in Fig. 3 (d), cutting can be performed for all strokes by changing the cutting axis to the X-axis. Become. In FIG. 3 (e), the X-axis cutting results in a stroke over at the c-portion, and even if the cutting is changed to the Y-axis cutting at the d-portion (see FIG. 3 (f)).
That is, there is a case in which it is impossible to perform cutting for the entire stroke in either the X-axis cutting or the Y-axis cutting. In this case, it is necessary to perform the polar coordinate type cutting by the biaxial control of the XC axis.

Next, an example of relatively simple grooving with an end mill, that is, an example of end face center groove machining and an end face outer center groove machining (FIG. 4), an end face circumferential groove machining example (FIG. 5), A stroke check processing procedure in each of the end face chamfering example (FIG. 6) and the end face hole cutting example (FIG. 7) will be individually described based on the flowcharts of FIGS. 4 to 7. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure for cutting the end face center groove and the end face center outer groove. In the figure, first, it is judged whether or not the cutting axis initially selected and set by the cutting axis selection means 12 (keyboard, see FIG. 1) is the XC axis (step 4-1). In the case of cutting by the XC axis, since cutting can be performed in the entire processing range as described above, when the XC axis is selected first, the selection of this XC axis is confirmed without performing the stroke check (step 4). -2), the cutter path for this XC axis is created and the process ends. The work area for creating the cutter path is not shown in the flowchart.

If the first selection is not the XC axis, the process proceeds to step 4-3. In this embodiment, first, it is judged whether or not the cutting axis is the X axis. Here, the Y axis is not the X axis.
It may be determined whether or not the axis is selected. If the cutting axis is the X-axis, the stroke amount is calculated for this X-axis, and the stroke check is performed on the calculated stroke amount (step 4-4). If the stroke is not over (step 4-). 5) The X axis is selected (step 4-6), a cutter path is created for this X axis, and the process ends. If it is determined in step 4-5 that the stroke is over for the X axis, the cutting axis is changed to the Y axis (step 4-7), the stroke amount is calculated for this Y axis, and the stroke check is performed for the calculated stroke amount. Is performed (step 4-8), and if the stroke is not over (step 4-9), the Y axis is selected,
A cutter path is created for this Y-axis, and the process ends.
When the stroke is over in step 4-9, it is impossible to perform cutting in the entire stroke, neither in the X-axis cutting nor in the Y-axis cutting, so the XC-axis cutting is selected (step 4-11). The cutter path is created by this XC axis, and the processing is ended.

Returning to step 4-3, if the first selection is not the X-axis, that is, if it is the Y-axis, the stroke amount is calculated for this Y-axis, and the stroke check is performed for the calculated stroke amount ( Step 4-1
2) If the stroke is not over (step 4)
-13) The Y axis is selected (step 4-14), and this Y axis is selected.
A cutter path is created for each axis and the process ends. If it is determined in step 4-13 that the stroke is over in the cutting of the Y axis, the cutting axis is changed to the X axis (step 4-15), and the stroke amount is calculated for this X axis.
A stroke check is performed on the calculated stroke amount (step 4-16). If the stroke is not over, the X axis is selected (step 4-18).
A cutter path is created for each axis and the process ends. If the stroke is over for the X-axis (Step 4
-17). Since neither the X-axis cutting nor the Y-axis cutting is possible for the cutting with the entire stroke, the XC-axis cutting is selected (step 4-19) and the cutter path by the XC-axis is created. It ends.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart for cutting the end face circumferential groove. In the figure, in this cutting, a circumferential groove is cut, so the X-axis or Y-axis is used.
Since it is not possible to cut with only one axis, first, it is judged whether the selection is cutting with two axes of the XY axis (step 5-1). If it is not the XY axis, the C axis is selected (step 5- 2), a cutter path is created for this C axis, and the process ends. If the selection is the XY axes (step 5-1),
A stroke amount is calculated for each of the XY axes, and a stroke check is performed for each of the calculated stroke amounts (step 5-3). If the stroke is not over (step 5-4), this XY axis is selected (step 5).
-5), a cutter path is created for this XY axis, and the process ends. When the stroke is over for the XY axes (step 5-4), the C axis is selected (step 5-6), a cutter path is created for this C axis, and the process ends.

FIG. 6 shows a case of cutting the end face chamfer. In the case of chamfering in the Y-axis direction as shown in FIG. 6, it is first judged whether or not the cutting axis is the Y-axis. If it is not the Y-axis (step 6-1), the XC-axis is selected (step 6-2), the cutter path of the XC-axis is created, and the process is ended. If the selection is the Y-axis (step 6-1), the stroke amount of the Y-axis is calculated, and the stroke check is performed on the calculated stroke amount (step 6-3). Is selected (step 6-5), a cutter path is created for this Y axis, and the process ends. When the Y-axis stroke is over (step 6-4), XC
An axis is selected (step 6-6), a cutter path for this XC axis is created, and the processing ends.

FIG. 7 shows a case where an end face hole is cut. In this case, the movement of the cutting shaft during cutting is the cutting direction of the hole.
That is, the stroke check of the positioning axis is performed when the tool is moved to the cutting position for positioning only in the Z-axis direction. First, the positioning to the cutting position is X
It is determined whether or not it is performed on the Y axis (step 7-
1). If the positioning is not performed by the X axis and the Y axis, the positioning by the XC axis is selected (step 7-2), the cutter path for the positioning with respect to the XC axis is created, and the process ends. Positioning is X-axis and Y
In the case of the axis, the Y-axis positioning stroke amount is first calculated, and the stroke check is performed on the calculated stroke amount (step 7-3). This Y
When it is determined that the axis has exceeded the stroke (step 7-
3), positioning is not possible on the XY axes, the XC axis is selected (step 7-4), a cutter path for this XC axis is created, and the process ends. If the Y-axis is not overstroke, the positioning stroke amount is calculated for the X-axis, and the stroke check is performed for the calculated stroke amount (step 7-5). If the X-axis is not overstroke, the positioning axis is set. The XY axes are selected (step 7-6), a cutter path for positioning by the XY axes is created, and the process ends. When it is determined that the X-axis has exceeded the stroke, the XY-axis is selected as the positioning axis at the position where the C-axis is rotated by 180 °, and a cutter path for positioning is created (step 7-7). That is, as described above, the stroke of the cutting shaft above the work generally extends to the mechanical limit position of the machine tool, and a situation in which cutting cannot be performed does not generally occur. 180 for the C axis
It may be rotated so that the X-axis positioning position is located above the work. In this way, the XY axes are selected as the positioning axes at the position where the C axis is rotated by 180 °, and the cutter path for positioning is created with respect to the XY axes, and the process ends.

As described above, the stroke check means 6
When a machining program is created by the machining program editing means 4 after the stroke check (see FIG. 1), the machining program is a RAM 5 which is a working memory.
After being temporarily stored in, under the control of CPU ₁ ,
It is sent to the numerical controller B via the interface 9. Upon receiving this machining program, the numerical controller B receives the interface program under the control of the CPU _2.
The machining program is stored in the NC machining program memory 18 via. When cutting with a machine tool,
When a cutting command is input from the keyboard 12 as a data input means, the CPU ₂ operates the NC machining program memory 1 based on the system program stored in the ROM 13 and the parameters stored in the RAM 14.
The machining programs stored in 8 are sequentially read, and the servomotor 15 is controlled through the interpolation circuit 17 and the servo amplifier 16 according to the machining program to perform cutting. In this way, even if the first selected cutting axis cannot cut in all strokes due to insufficient stroke, it is possible to automatically change to another cutting axis that can be cut and cut. .

[0018]

As described above, when the machining program is created by the automatic program creating means, the stroke check means uses the stroke amount of the cutting axis based on various movable ranges and machining data which are input in advance. Is calculated and a stroke check is performed on the calculated stroke amount, and in the case of a stroke over, it is changed to another cutting axis that can be cut to create a machining program, so the machining program output is always the same. It becomes an executable program, and therefore
It is possible to realize an automatic program creation device with a cutting axis automatic change function in a numerical control device that does not require visual confirmation of the machining program list, confirmation work of the actual machine, and correction work of the program by the operator.
This contributes to a reduction in the number of man-hours required for machining with NC machine tools and a reduction in working time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a device configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a stroke check.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a cutting axis selection processing procedure when cutting the end surface center groove and the center outer groove.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a cutting axis selection processing procedure for cutting an end face circumferential groove.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a cutting axis selection processing procedure in the case of cutting an end face.

FIG. 7 is a processing procedure for selecting a positioning axis to be positioned when end face hole cutting is performed.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Central processing unit (CPU ₁ ) 2 ... Interactive system program memory (ROM) 3 ... Parameter / data storage means (RAM) 4 ... Machining program editing means 5 ... Working memory (RAM) 6 ...・ Stroke check means 7 ・ Cutting axis changing means 8 ・ Program transfer means 9 ・ Interface 10 ・ Central processing unit (CPU ₂ ) 11 ・ CRT 12 ・ Keyboard (cutting axis selection means) 13 ・ System program memory (ROM) 14 ・ Parameter and data storage means (RAM) 15 ・ Servo motor 16 ・ Servo amplifier 17 ・ Interpolation circuit 18 ・ NC machining program memory 19 ・ Interface 20 ・ Work

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location G05B 19/405 P 9064-3H

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An automatic program generator for a numerical controller for controlling a machine tool having X, Y, Z and C cutting axes, wherein the machine tool is controlled by an X axis, a Y axis or a polar coordinate system. Cutting axis selection means for selecting which cutting axis of a certain XC axis is to be used for cutting, parameters and data storage means for storing parameters and processing data as data for controlling the cutting axis, and the cutting axis When either the X-axis or the Y-axis cutting axis is selected by the selecting means, the stroke amount at the time of cutting the X-axis or the Y-axis is calculated based on the input machining data, and is obtained by this calculation. Stroke check to check whether the stroke amount is within the movable range of the relevant X-axis or Y-axis.
New X axis or Y changed by cutting axis changing means
The stroke check means for performing the stroke check on the axis, and the stroke amount checked by the stroke check means for the X axis or the Y axis selected by the cutting axis selection means is When it exceeds the movable range, the selection by the cutting axis selection means is changed from one of the X axis and the Y axis to the other, and the changed stroke is checked again by the stroke check means. When the stroke amount exceeds the movable range of the X-axis or Y-axis, the cutting axis changing means for changing the cutting axis to the XC axis based on polar coordinates, and the X-axis and Y-axis based on the stroke check by the stroke checking means. Or, decide which cutting axis to use for cutting, the XC axis. Of the cutting axis having a machining program editing means for creating a machining program using the created cutting axis, and a control section for controlling the cutting of the machine tool based on the machining program created by the machining program editing means. Automatic program creation device with automatic change function.