JPH05203195A - Indirect refrigerant air conditioner, detach type heat exchanger thereof and indirect refrigerant air conditioning method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To freely install a user side heat exchanger without altering an installing position of a outdoor unit by detachably providing an evaporator of a refrigerating cycle and a heat source side heat exchanger of a thermosiphon so as to be heat exchanged. CONSTITUTION:Thermosiphons B1, B2 have heat source side heat exchangers 6a, 6b to be heat exchanged with evaporators 4a, 4b of a refrigerating cycle, user side heat exchangers 7a, 7b to be used for air conditioning in a room, tubes 8a, 8b for connecting the thermosiphons in a closed loop state, a pump for circulating refrigerant in the thermosiphons, and gas/liquid separating tanks 10a, 10b. Here, the exchangers 4a, 4b as the evaporators of the cycle are so coupled as to be freely detachably from the exchangers 6a, 6b of the thermosiphon side. Thus, the user side heat exchangers can be freely installed at the time of altering a layout in the room.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an indirect refrigerant air conditioner using a secondary refrigerant, and more particularly to a flexible indirect refrigerant air conditioner adaptable to various needs.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An indirect refrigerant air conditioner using a secondary refrigerant is a so-called central air conditioning system in which cold and hot water is manufactured by a large chiller and the hot and cold water is distributed to a fan coil unit in each room. Has been used since ancient times.

Recently, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-122 has been proposed.
As described in 141, in order to increase the connectable length and height difference between the indoor unit and the outdoor unit of the separation type air conditioner, the cold heat generated in the refrigeration cycle on the primary side is cooled by the refrigerant on the secondary side. -An air conditioning system that conveys information to the

[0004]

In the conventional example described above, it takes time to install the air conditioning system, and once installed as an air conditioning system, it is not easy to change the air conditioning system. There was a problem that it could not be easily dealt with. Further, the method of flowing cold and hot water to the fan coil unit has a problem of processing when water leaks.

An object of the present invention is to make it possible to freely and easily install a heat exchanger on the use side at a required place at a required time without changing an installation position of an outdoor unit.

Another object of the present invention is to enable the heat exchanger on the thermosiphon side to be easily attached to and detached from the heat exchanger on the refrigeration cycle side.

Still another object of the present invention is to obtain a safe and highly reliable indirect refrigerant air conditioner.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a flexible air conditioning system in which flexible piping can be used as the refrigerant piping on the thermosiphon side, and the installation position of the utilization side heat exchanger can be easily changed. Especially.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a refrigeration cycle constituted by sequentially connecting a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator, a heat source side heat exchanger and a utilization side. A thermosiphon constructed by connecting a heat exchanger and the like in a closed loop, and the evaporator of the refrigeration cycle and the thermosiphon.
The heat source side heat exchanger of the mosiphon is configured to be capable of exchanging heat with each other and detachable.

Another feature of the present invention is that a refrigeration cycle constituted by sequentially connecting a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator, a heat source side heat exchanger, a utilization side heat exchanger and the like are closed. -A first and a second thermosiphon configured by connecting in a loop, the evaporator in the refrigeration cycle and the heat source side heat exchanger in the first thermosiphon exchange heat with each other. The heat-side heat exchanger of the first thermosiphon and the heat-source-side heat exchanger of the second thermosiphon can be exchanged with each other. I was connected to.

Still another feature of the present invention is a refrigeration cycle in which a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected, a heat source side heat exchanger and a use side heat exchange. A thermosiphon having a closed loop connection, and the indoor heat exchanger on the refrigeration cycle side and the heat source side heat exchanger on the thermosiphon side are a heat transfer tube through which a refrigerant flows and this heat transfer tube. And each of the enlarged heat transfer surfaces is formed with a meshing portion that meshes with another enlarged heat transfer surface in a wide heat transfer area, and these meshing portions are attached to and detached from each other. As a result, the indoor heat exchanger of the refrigeration cycle and the heat source side heat exchanger of the thermosiphon can exchange heat with each other and are detachable.

Still another feature of the present invention is that the evaporator in a refrigeration cycle constituted by sequentially connecting a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator, a heat source side heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator. Tank, a pump for flowing the refrigerant, and the heat source side heat exchanger in the thermosiphon configured by sequentially closing and looping the use side heat exchanger are attachable to and detachable from each other. It is connected by the expanded heat transfer surface.

Still another feature of the present invention is that a variable capacity compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected, and a refrigerating cycle provided outside the building and a heat source side heat The heat exchanger is provided with a thermosiphon provided in the building with a closed loop connection between the exchanger and the heat exchanger on the use side, and the indoor heat exchanger of the refrigeration cycle is configured as an outlet to form a wall of the building or The heat source side heat exchanger of the thermosiphon is constructed to be embedded in at least one or more places on the floor, and has a plug shape to be coupled to the outlet side indoor side heat exchanger, and the indoor side heat exchanger. A detection means for detecting the state of the refrigerant at the inlet / outlet of the refrigerant to / from the refrigerant is provided, and a control device for controlling the variable capacity compressor according to the detection value from the detection means is provided.

Still another feature of the present invention is a first heat exchanger having a first heat transfer tube through which a first refrigerant flows, and an enlarged heat transfer surface closely joined to the first heat transfer tube, A second heat exchanger having a heat transfer tube through which a second refrigerant flows and an enlarged heat transfer surface that is closely joined to the second heat transfer tube is provided, and each of the first and second heat exchangers There is a removable heat exchanger for an indirect refrigerant air conditioner in which an uneven meshing portion that detachably meshes with another expanded heat transfer surface is formed on the expanded heat transfer surface.

Still another feature of the present invention is that a refrigeration cycle constituted by sequentially connecting a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator is installed outdoors, and the evaporator or the condenser in the refrigeration cycle is This heat exchanger is installed in at least one place indoors, and on the other hand, a heat source side heat exchanger and a user side heat exchanger which are detachably attached to this heat exchanger are closed loop-connected. The method is an indirect refrigerant air-conditioning method in which a mosiphon is prepared and a heat source side heat exchanger on the thermosiphon side is connected to the heat exchanger on the refrigeration cycle side.

[0016]

The heat exchanger (evaporator or condenser) on the refrigeration cycle side provided outdoors and the heat source side heat exchanger on the thermosiphon side, which is the refrigerant loop on the use side, can be attached to and detached from each other. Since it has a structure and is thermally coupled through an enlarged heat transfer surface or a heat pipe, it can have a small heat resistance and can be integrated between the refrigerant on the refrigeration cycle side and the refrigerant on the thermosiphon side. It can act as a heat exchanger. Therefore, the cold heat generated on the refrigeration cycle side can be efficiently transmitted to the thermosiphon side. For example, since the refrigerant vaporized by the heat-side heat exchanger of the thermosiphon can be liquefied by the heat-source-side heat exchanger of the thermosiphon, continuous cooling operation can be performed.

In particular, according to the present invention, the heat exchanger on the refrigeration cycle side and the heat exchanger on the thermosiphon side can be attached and detached very easily in the same manner as the relation between the outlet and the plug in the power source. If the heat exchangers on the refrigeration cycle side configured as outlets are installed at multiple locations in the room in advance, when changing the layout of the room, etc.
The refrigeration cycle side and the thermosiphon side can be easily separated without releasing the refrigerant, and the installation position can be easily changed.

Further, by using a refrigerant having a lower pressure than the refrigerant used on the refrigeration cycle side as the refrigerant used on the thermosiphon side, the selection range of the piping material on the thermosiphon side is expanded, and a flexible piping material Since it can be used, the handling of the air conditioner is improved.

Further, the thermosiphon is installed indoors, and the refrigeration cycle on the heat source side is installed outdoors, so that the refrigerant used in the refrigeration cycle has a high degree of refrigeration cycle efficiency even if it has some flammability and toxicity. Since a higher refrigerant can be used, the outdoor unit can be downsized and power consumption can be reduced.

If a four-way switching valve for reversing the flow of the refrigerant is used on the refrigeration cycle and thermosiphon side, the thermosyphon utilization side heat exchanger can be used as a heater.

[0021]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention is a tooth-shaped enlarged heat transfer surface in which a heat exchanger of a refrigeration cycle for producing a heat source and a heat exchanger of a thermosiphon, which is a refrigerant loop on the use side, are detachably attached. ,
Alternatively, it is connected by a detachable high-efficiency heat exchanger using a heat pipe. Further, as the refrigerant used on the thermosiphon side to enable flexible piping, as compared with the refrigerant used on the refrigeration cycle side,
It uses a low-pressure refrigerant. Furthermore, in order to construct a safe air conditioning system, the refrigeration cycle side is installed outdoors and only the thermosiphon side is installed indoors, and the refrigerant on the thermosiphon side is compared to the refrigerant used for the heat source side refrigeration cycle. It uses a refrigerant that is hard to burn and has no effect on the human body even if leakage occurs.

The present invention will be described below based on concrete examples. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. The figure shows an air conditioning system in which an indirect refrigerant air conditioner is installed in the building 12, where A is a refrigeration cycle in which most (main part) is installed outdoors, and B1 and B2 are installed indoors. A thermosiphon is shown. In A, 1 is a variable capacity compressor, 2 is a condenser (heat exchanger), 3a and 3b are decompression mechanisms, 4a and 4b are evaporators (heat exchangers), and 5 are these devices connected in sequence. The connection pipes (refrigerant pipes) are shown. Also, thermosiphon B
Of 1 and B2, 6a and 6b are evaporators 4 of the refrigeration cycle.
a and 4b are heat source side heat exchangers, 7a and 7b are utilization side heat exchangers used for indoor air conditioning, and 8a and 8b
Is a pipe for connecting each thermosiphon in a closed loop, 9
A and 9b are pumps for circulating the refrigerant in each thermosiphon, and 10a and 10b are gas-liquid separation tanks. Reference numeral 23 is a control device that detects the heat load of the evaporators 4a and 4b of the refrigeration cycle and gives a command to the compressor 1 to change the capacity. A plurality of heat exchangers 4 serving as evaporators of the refrigeration cycle
a and 4b are embedded in the wall or floor of the building, and these are the heat source side heat exchanger 6 on the thermosiphon side.
The a and 6b are configured so that they can be freely attached and detached. That is, the heat exchangers 4a and 4b are provided with a plurality of recesses and are installed as if they were outlets for taking out the heat source. The heat source side heat exchangers 6a and 6b are fitted into the outlet-like recesses. It has a plug-like structure having a portion. Since the indoor heat exchanger embedded in the wall or the like has only the concave portion, it is safe because it has no protruding portion from the wall or the like. Refrigeration cycle evaporators 4a, 4
At the inlet and outlet of b, temperature sensors 24a,
24b and 25a, 25b are attached to detect the heat load of the refrigeration cycle based on the degree of refrigerant superheat of the evaporators 4a, 4b. For example, when the thermosiphon B1 is operating effectively and heat is being absorbed by the use side heat exchanger 7a, a temperature difference occurs between the temperature sensors 24a and 25a, and the thermosiphon B2 is When not operating, there is no temperature difference between 24b and 25b. Even when the thermosiphon B2 is not connected (when the detachable heat exchangers 6b and 4b are not connected), there is no temperature difference between the temperature sensors 24b and 25b. The control device 23 detects these states and controls the capacity of the compressor 1 in the refrigeration cycle. According to the invention,
By installing the heat exchanger on the refrigeration cycle side at an appropriate location in the building in advance, the thermosiphon can be connected to the use side heat exchangers 7a and 7b at the required place when necessary. A flexible air conditioning system can be constructed.

2 and 3 show the refrigeration cycle A in FIG.
And a thermosiphon B (B1 or B2) are shown as a cycle configuration diagram. Refrigerant that undergoes a phase change is enclosed in each of the refrigeration cycle side and the thermosiphon side. In the figure, 5'is the flow of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle A, and 8'is the thermosiphon B.
The flow of the refrigerant inside is shown. As shown in the figure, the evaporator 4 on the refrigeration cycle side and the heat source side heat exchanger 6 on the thermosiphon side are provided with comb-shaped enlarged heat transfer surfaces 41, 61 which are closely joined to the heat transfer tubes through which the refrigerant flows. Each of the enlarged heat transfer surfaces has a comb tooth-shaped portion (meshing portion) and is configured to mesh with another enlarged heat transfer surface in a wide heat transfer area. The engaging portions are configured to be attachable to and detachable from each other as if they were a power outlet and a plug.

The cold heat generated by the phase change in the evaporator 4 of the refrigeration cycle is transferred to the heat source side heat exchanger 6 on the thermosiphon side which is detachably connected, and is used on the thermosiphon side. At 7, for example, heat is obtained from the room to be cooled, and the vaporized refrigerant is condensed. That is, the refrigeration cycle A and the thermosiphon B constitute an indirect refrigerant air conditioner that operates like a single refrigeration cycle in which the heat exchanger 7 on the use side absorbs heat and the condenser 2 radiates heat.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a thermosiphon B having a simple structure in which the pump 9 and the gas-liquid separation tank 10 in FIG. 2 are omitted. The liquid refrigerant in the thermosiphon B is conveyed to the use side heat exchanger 7 by gravity. When the pipe length and height difference between the heat source side heat exchanger 6 and the use side heat exchanger 7 are small, such a simple configuration may be adopted.
4 and 5 each show another example of the embodiment shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the refrigeration cycle A is the building 12
It is installed outdoors. In the refrigeration cycle, only the evaporator 4 penetrates the wall of the building and is exposed to the inside of the room like an outlet. Thermosiphon B on the indoor side
The heat source side heat exchanger 6 of the thermosiphon is configured in a plug shape which is attachable to and detachable from the evaporator 4, and the plug type heat source side heat exchanger is connected to the outlet type evaporator. Is connected to the outdoor refrigeration cycle A. When it is necessary to change the layout of the air conditioning system due to the layout change of the equipment on the indoor side, the connection between the evaporator 4 of the refrigeration cycle and the heat source side heat exchanger 6 of the thermosiphon can be released. It is possible to easily change the use side heat exchanger 7 to another position, and it is not necessary to discharge the enclosed refrigerant. That is, in FIG. 4, the thermosiphon can be easily changed from the solid line position to the broken line position.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which thermosiphons are dispersedly arranged. Two evaporators 4 having a cooling capacity of 1 are connected to two heat exchangers 6a and 6b on the heat source side having a capacity of 0.5. is there. In this embodiment, the use side heat exchangers 7a and 7b are arranged in a distributed manner, and an effect of improving the temperature distribution in the room can be expected. If the capacity of the evaporator 4 is increased and a large number of heat source side heat exchangers can be connected to the evaporator 4,
It is possible to connect more heat source side heat exchangers 6.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example in which the thermosiphon B1 and the thermosiphon B2 are sequentially connected in a cascading manner. The heat-use side heat of the evaporator 4a and the thermosiphon of the refrigeration cycle is shown. In this example, the distance from the exchanger can be extended. The evaporator 4a of the refrigeration cycle and the heat source side heat exchanger 6a of the thermosiphon B1 are thermally coupled, and further, the use side heat exchanger 7a of the thermosiphon B1 and the heat source side heat of the thermosiphon B2. It is thermally coupled to the exchanger 6b. The joint between the heat exchangers 6a and 6b is the heat exchanger 4a.
And 6a have the same structure. If a plurality of thermosiphons such as the thermosiphon B1 in this example are prepared as standard thermosiphons, the air conditioning system can be configured more flexibly.

FIG. 7 shows an example in which a heat exchanger 4c for connecting a thermosiphon can be added to the refrigeration cycle side. Branch pipe 2 in a part of pipe 5 of the refrigeration cycle
6, 27 and closing valves 28, 29 are provided at their one ends. Normally, the closing valves 28 and 29 are closed, but after the heat exchanger 4c is newly installed, the closing valves 28 and 29 can be opened to function as one evaporator in the refrigeration cycle. -A mosiphone can be connected or its evaporator can be used as a cooler.

FIG. 8 shows a fluffy carbon-based refrigerant R2 as an example of a refrigerant used in a refrigeration cycle and a thermosiphon.
2 shows a temperature-pressure diagram of R2 and R12. The temperature-pressure line of R22 is located at the upper left of the temperature-pressure line of R12, and the pressure is high for the same temperature, indicating that R22 is a high-pressure refrigerant compared to R12. Now, when R22 is used as the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle, the condensation temperature is 40 ° C., and the evaporation temperature is 0 ° C., the pressures of the condenser 2 and the evaporator 4 are 15. 6 kg / cm ² ,
It will be 5.07 kg / cm ² . R12 is used as the refrigerant of the thermosiphon, the vaporization temperature in the use side heat exchanger 7 is 15 ° C., the heat source side heat exchanger 6 is used in consideration of the pressure loss of the pump 9.
Assuming that the condensation temperature at 10 ° C. is 10 ° C., the pressures of the use side heat exchanger 7 and the heat source side heat exchanger 6 are points F and G in the figure, respectively.
5.01kg / cm ² as shown in, 4.31kg / cm ^2, and the in comparison to the refrigeration cycle side, so that it is cooling operation at much lower pressures. In this way, the equipment on the indoor side has no high-voltage portion, and safety is improved. Further, since the pressure siphon and the rigidity of the pipe 8 on the thermosiphon side can be lowered, a pipe made of a soft material can be used, and the handleability can be remarkably improved.

As described above, the refrigerant used in the refrigeration cycle can be used at a lower pressure than the refrigerant used in the thermosiphon, and the refrigerant on the thermosiphon side can be made more human body than the refrigerant used on the refrigeration cycle side. On the other hand, it is possible to use a refrigerant having a low risk, thereby making the air conditioner more flexible and improving safety.

As a combination of the refrigerants used in the refrigeration cycle and the thermosiphon, a refrigerant having a great effect of improving the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle can be used on the refrigeration cycle side installed outdoors. For example, since ammonia has a large latent heat of vaporization, it is excellent as a refrigerant for a refrigeration cycle, and has been used in Japan in the past, but due to its toxicity, it has been replaced with a fluorocarbon refrigerant such as R22. .. However, the CFC-based refrigerants that are widely used at present are considered to be regulated in the future from the viewpoint of preventing environmental damage, and the range of choice is likely to be small. In fact, R12 has already been regulated to protect the ozone layer, and R22 may be regulated in the future. R134a, which has similar physical properties to R12
Is a potential alternative refrigerant candidate. Although R22 has some flammability, at present, R32 alone or a mixed refrigerant of R32 and R134a is considered as a candidate for an alternative refrigerant. According to the present invention, the refrigeration cycle side is installed outdoors, and these alternative refrigerants including ammonia are used as the refrigerant, and the indoor thermosiphon side has a toxicity or danger point such as R134a. By using a refrigerant that does not cause a problem, it is possible to construct a safe and convenient air conditioning system.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a multi refrigeration cycle having a plurality of indoor units. A receiver 11 is added to the side of the refrigeration cycle A,
Three evaporators a, 4b and 4c are connected, and the decompression mechanism is also connected to 3a, 3b and 3c according to these evaporators. The evaporators 4a and 4b are normal evaporators through which the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle on the primary side flows. The thermosiphon B is detachably connected to the third evaporator 4c.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a situation in which the multi-refrigeration cycle of FIG. 9 is installed in an actual building 12 such as a building. The evaporators 4a and 4b are installed as fixed indoor units 13 and 14 for performing a cooling operation. The evaporator 4c is installed in a part of the wall of the building 12, and a thermosiphon can be connected to the user side heat exchanger 7 to perform local air conditioning for the individual if necessary. Is configured.

FIG. 11 shows an example in which a similar multi-refrigerating cycle is applied to a home air conditioner 15 and a refrigerator 16. That is, the evaporator 4a is used as a fixedly installed air conditioner 15, the evaporators 4b and 4c are installed on the floor surface like outlets, and a thermosiphon is connected to the evaporator 4c. The exchanger 7 is used as a cooler for the refrigerator 16. The installation location of the refrigerator 16 can be easily changed, for example, by changing the connection of the refrigeration cycle to the evaporator from 4c to 4b. Thus, according to the present invention,
The effect is that the cold heat obtained from a single refrigeration cycle can be used for both air conditioning and refrigerators.

FIG. 12 shows the evaporator 4 and the server of the refrigeration cycle.
An example of a configuration of a removable exchanger including a heat source side heat exchanger 6 of a mosiphone is shown. In FIG. 12, 4'is a heat transfer tube through which the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle flows and serves as an evaporator, 15 is a comb-shaped enlarged heat transfer surface closely attached to the heat transfer tube,
6'is a heat transfer tube through which the refrigerant of the thermosiphon flows and serves as a heat source side heat exchanger, and 16 is a comb tooth which is closely adhered to the heat transfer tube and can be closely combined with the enlarged heat transfer surface 15. A heat-conducting grease that fills the space between the comb-shaped expanded heat transfer surfaces (concave and convex portions).
Shows the space. In the desorption type heat exchanger having such a configuration, the heat source side heat of the thermosiphon is transferred from the heat transfer tube 4'which is the evaporator of the refrigeration cycle through the cold heat comb-shaped expanded heat transfer surfaces 15 and 16. It is transferred by heat conduction to the heat transfer tube 6'which serves as an exchanger. At this time, the comb-shaped expanded heat transfer surface 1
Since the heat conductive grease is filled between 5 and 16, the heat conduction effect can be further improved.

13 and 14 show another example of the desorption type heat exchanger.

FIG. 13 shows a comb-shaped enlarged heat transfer surface 1 having a mountain shape.
A meshing portion is formed by 5 and 16, and the groove of the enlarged heat transfer surface and the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer tube are configured to be orthogonal to each other. 30 is a fixing means such as a bolt for fixing the evaporator 4 and the heat source side heat exchanger 6.

FIG. 14 shows comb-shaped enlarged heat transfer surfaces 15 and 16.
In this example, the groove is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer tube.

FIGS. 15 and 16 show still another example of the desorption type heat exchanger. FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view thereof, and FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing the whole structure thereof. In the figure,
Reference numeral 16 is an enlarged heat transfer surface on the thermosiphon side, 18 is a heat pipe integrally attached to the enlarged heat transfer surface 16, and 15 is an enlarged heat transfer surface on the refrigeration cycle side. A hole 15 'for tightly fitting is formed. 30 is a fixing means such as a bolt for fixing the enlarged heat transfer surfaces 15 and 16. With this structure, the heat from the heat transfer tube 4'which is the evaporator of the refrigeration cycle is efficiently transferred to the heat transfer tube 6'which is the heat source side heat exchanger of the thermosiphon by the action of the heat pipe 18. be able to. Particularly according to the present invention, as shown in FIG.
It is possible to obtain a heat exchanger that is detachable and can exchange heat in the same manner as the relation between the outlet of the power source and the plug.

FIG. 17 shows an example in which the refrigerating cycle side and the thermosiphon side of the indirect refrigerant air-conditioning apparatus of the present invention are each constituted by a heat pump cycle. In the figure, 1
Reference numeral 9 is a four-way valve for switching the flow of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle, and 20 is a four-way valve for switching the flow of refrigerant on the thermosiphon side. A container 21 for adjusting the amount of effective refrigerant and a valve 22 for controlling the outflow of the refrigerant are provided on the thermosiphon side. The case of performing cooling in the use side heat exchanger 7 of the thermosiphon is the same as in the case of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, so here the four-way valve 19 is in the illustrated state, that is, in the use side heat exchanger 7. Alternatively, a case of performing heating will be described. On the refrigeration cycle side, the refrigerant flows in the order of the compressor 1, the four-way valve 19, the (indoor side) heat exchanger 4, the pressure reducing mechanism 3, and the (outdoor side) heat exchanger 2. Considering the case where R22 is used as the refrigerant, the operating point of the refrigeration cycle is as follows: condensing temperature 52 ° C. in the heat exchanger 4, condensing pressure 20.7 kg / cm ² , evaporation temperature 0 in the outdoor heat exchanger 2.
℃, evaporation pressure becomes 5.07kg / cm ² . The thermosiphon side has a pump 9, a four-way valve 20, a use side heat exchanger 7, a heat source side heat exchanger 6, a gas-liquid separation tank 10 in this order, and a container 21 and a valve 22 in parallel with the tank 10. Refrigerant flows. Considering the case of using R12 as the refrigerant, the operating point is an evaporation temperature of the heat source side heat exchanger 6 of 45 ° C. and an evaporation pressure of 1
1.1 kg / cm ² , condensation temperature 40 in user side heat exchanger 7
℃, condensing pressure becomes 9.8kg / cm ² . Compared with the case where the use side heat exchanger 7 described in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used for cooling, a higher pressure is required on the thermosiphon side for heating or heating. To this end, a container 21 for adjusting the amount of refrigerant is provided, and during heating operation, the valve 22 is opened to increase the effective amount of the refrigerant flowing in the thermosiphon. During the cooling operation as described above, the valve 22 is closed to reduce the effective amount of the refrigerant.

[0041]

According to the present invention, the heat exchanger of the refrigeration cycle on the heat source side and the heat exchanger of the thermosiphon on the user side are configured so that they can exchange heat with each other and are detachable. Therefore, if multiple heat exchangers on the refrigeration cycle side that exchange heat with the heat exchanger of the thermosiphon are installed at multiple indoor locations, the heat exchanger on the user side can be freely and easily used when changing the layout of the room. There is an effect that can be installed in. Therefore,
An air conditioning system with a high degree of freedom can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, the heat exchanger on the refrigeration cycle side and the heat exchanger on the thermosiphon side each have an expanded heat transfer surface, and a meshing portion is formed on this expanded heat transfer surface. The heat exchangers on the thermosiphon side can be easily attached to and detached from the heat exchangers on the refrigeration cycle side. In particular, if the meshing portion of the enlarged heat transfer surface has a comb tooth shape composed of a large number of parallel plate fins, it is possible to perform highly efficient heat exchange over a wide heat transfer surface, and both heat exchangers are outlets. Since it can be attached and detached in a relationship like a plug, attachment and detachment becomes very easy.
Furthermore, if heat transfer is performed by the heat pipe on the enlarged heat transfer surface, it is possible to easily attach and detach and perform more efficient heat exchange.

According to the present invention, the refrigerant used on the thermosiphon side has a lower flammability and the like at a lower pressure than the refrigerant used on the refrigeration cycle side, and even if a leak occurs, the refrigerant is harmless to the human body. Can be selected and used, so a safe and highly reliable air conditioning system can be realized.

Further, since the refrigerant on the thermosiphon side can be used at a pressure lower than that of the refrigerant used in the refrigeration cycle, since flexible piping can be used as the refrigerant piping on the thermosiphon side, the heat on the utilization side can be reduced. It is possible to obtain a flexible air conditioning system in which the installation position of the exchanger can be easily changed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an indirect refrigerant air conditioner of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a cycle configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a cycle configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram showing a modified example of the indirect refrigerant air conditioner of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an overall configuration diagram showing a modified example of the indirect refrigerant air conditioner of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an overall configuration diagram showing a modified example of the indirect refrigerant air conditioner of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an overall configuration diagram showing a modified example of the indirect refrigerant air conditioner of the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a refrigerant (R22, R1) used in the present invention.
It is a temperature-pressure diagram of 2).

FIG. 9 is a cycle configuration diagram showing an example in which the present invention is applied to a multi-refrigeration cycle having a plurality of indoor units.

10 is a schematic diagram showing a situation in which the multi-refrigeration cycle of FIG. 9 is installed in a building.

11 is an overall configuration diagram showing an example in which the multi refrigeration cycle of FIG. 9 is applied to an air conditioner and a refrigerator.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a desorption-type heat exchanger applied to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an example of a removable heat exchanger applied to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing an example of a removable heat exchanger applied to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a desorption-type heat exchanger applied to the present invention.

16 is a perspective view of the removable heat exchanger of FIG.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing another example of the cycle configuration in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

A ... Refrigeration cycle, B ... Thermosiphon, C ... Building,
D, E, F, G ... Points on temperature-pressure diagram of refrigerant, 1 ... Compressor, 2 ... Condenser, 3, 3a, 3b, 3c ... Decompression mechanism,
4, 4a, 4b, 4c ... Evaporator, 4 '... (Evaporator of refrigeration cycle) Heat transfer tube, 5 ... Connection piping, 5' ... Refrigerant cycle refrigerant flow, 6 ... Heat source side heat exchanger, 6 '... (heat source side heat exchanger of thermosiphon) Heat transfer tube, 7 ...
Utilization-side heat exchanger, 8 ... Connection piping, 8 '... Refrigerant flow in thermosiphon, 9 ... Pump, 10 ... Gas-liquid separation tank, 11 ... Receiver, 12 ... Building, 13, 14 ... Indoor Machine, 15 ... Expanded heat transfer surface (comb-tooth shape closely adhered to heat transfer tube 4 '), 16 ... (Expanded heat transfer surface on thermosiphon side), 17 ... (between expanded heat transfer surfaces) (Fill) heat-conducting grease, 18 ... (bonded to thermosiphon side)
Heat pipe, 19, 20 ... Four-way valve, 21 ... Refrigerant amount control container, 22 ... Open / close valve, 23 ... Control device, 24a, 24
b ... temperature sensor, 25a, 25b ... temperature sensor, 26,
27 ... Branch pipe, 28, 29 ... Closing valve, 30 ... Fixing means.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Naoto Katsumata 390 Muramatsu, Shimizu City Shizuoka Prefecture, Hitachi Shimizu Plant (72) Inventor Takao Chiaki 390 Muramatsu Shimizu City, Shizuoka Hitachi Ltd. Shimizu Plant, Ltd.

Claims (20)

[Claims] 1. A refrigeration cycle constructed by sequentially connecting a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator, and a closed loop connection of a heat source side heat exchanger, a utilization side heat exchanger and the like. An indirect refrigerant air-conditioning device, characterized in that the evaporator of the refrigeration cycle and the heat source side heat exchanger of the thermosyphon are heat-exchangeable and detachable from each other. .. 2. A thermosiphon according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat source side heat exchanger, the utilization side heat exchanger, the pump and the gas-liquid separation tank are closed and loop-connected. Refrigerant air conditioner. 3. The heat source side heat exchanger in a plurality of thermosiphons is detachably attached to one evaporator in the refrigeration cycle according to claim 1 or 2. Indirect refrigerant air-conditioning system. 4. A refrigeration cycle configured by sequentially connecting a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator, and a heat source side heat exchanger, a utilization side heat exchanger, etc. are closed-loop connected. The first and second thermosiphons are provided, and the evaporator in the refrigeration cycle and the heat source side heat exchanger in the first thermosiphon can exchange heat with each other and are detachable. connection,
In addition, the user side heat exchanger of the first thermosiphon and the heat source side heat exchanger of the second thermosiphon are heat-exchangeable and detachably connected to each other. Refrigerant air conditioner. 5. The indirect refrigerant air conditioner according to claim 4, wherein another thermosiphon is sequentially connected to the second thermosiphon. 6. The indirect refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the refrigeration cycle includes a plurality of evaporators provided in parallel, and an on-off valve for controlling the inflow of refrigerant into each evaporator is provided. Air conditioner. 7. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigeration cycle is installed outdoors and the thermosiphon is installed indoors, and the refrigerant on the thermosiphon side can be used at a lower pressure than the refrigerant used on the refrigeration cycle side. An indirect refrigerant air conditioner characterized by being used as a refrigerant. 8. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the refrigeration cycle is installed outdoors and the thermosiphon is installed indoors, and the refrigerant on the thermosiphon side is more dangerous to the human body than the refrigerant used on the refrigeration cycle side. An indirect refrigerant air-conditioning device characterized by using a low-refrigerant refrigerant. 9. The indirect refrigerant air conditioner according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of evaporators on the refrigeration cycle side are configured to be heat-exchangeable with and removable from the heat exchanger on the thermosiphon side. 10. The indirect refrigerant air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the heat side heat exchanger of the thermosiphon is used as a refrigerator. 11. The evaporator on the refrigeration cycle side and the heat source side heat exchanger on the thermosiphon side according to claim 1, and a heat transfer tube through which a refrigerant flows, and an enlarged heat transfer surface closely joined to the heat transfer tube. Each of the expanded heat transfer surfaces has a meshing part that meshes with another expanded heat transfer surface over a wide heat transfer area, and these meshed parts are connected to each other to form an evaporator of a refrigeration cycle. An indirect refrigerant air conditioner characterized in that the heat source side heat exchanger of the thermosiphon and the heat source side heat exchanger can exchange heat with each other and are detachable. 12. The eleventh aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the meshing portion has a comb tooth shape composed of a large number of parallel plate-shaped fins, and a heat-conductive grease is interposed in the meshing portion, and the evaporator and the heat source side are connected. An indirect refrigerant air conditioner characterized in that it can exchange heat with a heat exchanger and is detachably connected. 13. The heat pipe according to claim 1, wherein a heat pipe is attached to one of the evaporator of the refrigeration cycle and the heat source side heat exchanger of the thermosiphon, and the evaporator and the heat source side heat exchanger are connected to the heat pipe. An indirect refrigerant air conditioner characterized by being connected via an air conditioner. 14. A refrigeration cycle in which a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected, and a heat source side heat exchanger and a use side heat exchanger are closed loop-connected. Done
A heat siphon side indoor heat exchanger and the thermosiphon side heat source side heat exchanger, comprising a heat transfer tube through which a refrigerant flows and an enlarged heat transfer surface joined to the heat transfer tube. Each has an expansion heat transfer surface, and each expansion heat transfer surface is formed with a meshing portion that meshes with another expansion heat transfer surface in a wide heat transfer area.
By attaching and detaching these meshing portions to each other, the indoor heat exchanger of the refrigeration cycle and the heat source side heat exchanger of the thermosyphon can exchange heat with each other and are attachable and detachable. Air conditioner. 15. The thermosiphon according to claim 14, wherein a heat source side heat exchanger, a four-way valve for switching the flow of the refrigerant, a pump for flowing the refrigerant, and a use side heat exchanger are sequentially closed. And a gas-liquid separation tank is provided in the refrigerant inflow line to the pump during room heating, and a container and a valve for adjusting the amount of refrigerant are provided in a line provided in parallel with this tank. An indirect refrigerant air conditioner characterized by the above. 16. An evaporator in a refrigeration cycle configured by sequentially connecting a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator,
The heat source side heat exchanger in the thermosiphon configured by sequentially connecting the heat source side heat exchanger, the gas-liquid separation tank, the pump for flowing the refrigerant, and the use side heat exchanger in a closed loop. An indirect refrigerant air-conditioning system characterized in that and are connected to each other by an enlarged heat transfer surface which is detachable from each other. 17. A variable capacity compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger,
A refrigeration cycle installed outside the building by sequentially connecting an expansion valve and an indoor heat exchanger, and a thermosiphon installed inside the building with a closed loop connection between the heat source side heat exchanger and the use side heat exchanger. The heat exchanger on the heat source side of the thermosiphon is the heat exchanger on the heat source side, and It is configured in a plug shape to be connected to an outlet-side indoor heat exchanger, and provided with detection means for detecting the refrigerant state at the inlet / outlet of the refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger, and the detection value from this detection means An indirect refrigerant air conditioner comprising a control device for controlling the variable capacity compressor in accordance with the control device. 18. The indoor heat exchanger according to claim 17, wherein the indoor heat exchanger is provided with a plurality of recessed portions and is embedded so as not to project from a wall or floor, while the heat source side heat exchanger is provided with the recessed portion. An indirect refrigerant air conditioner characterized in that a convex portion that fits into the concave portion is formed into a plug shape. 19. A first heat exchanger having a first heat transfer tube through which a first refrigerant flows, and an enlarged heat transfer surface closely joined to the first heat transfer tube, and a heat transfer through which a second refrigerant flows. Heat tube and this second
Second heat exchanger having an enlarged heat transfer surface closely joined to the heat transfer tube of the above, and the enlarged heat transfer surfaces of the first and second heat exchangers are other expanded heat transfer surfaces. A detachable heat exchanger for an indirect refrigerant air-conditioning device, characterized in that a concavo-convex meshing portion that is detachably meshed with is formed. 20. A refrigeration cycle constructed by sequentially connecting a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator is installed outdoors, and a heat exchanger to be an evaporator or a condenser in the refrigeration cycle is installed indoors. Prepare a thermosiphon that is installed in at least one place, and on the other hand, a heat source side heat exchanger and a user side heat exchanger that are detachably attached to this heat exchanger are connected in a closed loop. An indirect refrigerant air conditioning method, characterized in that a heat source side heat exchanger on the thermosiphon side is connected to the heat exchanger on the refrigeration cycle side.